EP0456907B1 - Lampe à décharge à haute pression - Google Patents

Lampe à décharge à haute pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0456907B1
EP0456907B1 EP90124462A EP90124462A EP0456907B1 EP 0456907 B1 EP0456907 B1 EP 0456907B1 EP 90124462 A EP90124462 A EP 90124462A EP 90124462 A EP90124462 A EP 90124462A EP 0456907 B1 EP0456907 B1 EP 0456907B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrode head
pressure discharge
discharge lamp
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90124462A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0456907A2 (fr
EP0456907A3 (en
Inventor
Dietrich Dr. Fromm
Andreas Dr. Hohlfeld
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0456907A2 publication Critical patent/EP0456907A2/fr
Publication of EP0456907A3 publication Critical patent/EP0456907A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0456907B1 publication Critical patent/EP0456907B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0732—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp with a metal halide filling according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • High-pressure discharge lamps with a metal halide filling usually have a pin electrode as the electrode material, which is composed of a core pin and one or more wire coils wound one above the other around the end of the pin. The tip of the pin protrudes beyond the wire helices forming the electrode head in order to serve as a starting point for the discharge arc.
  • a pin electrode as the electrode material, which is composed of a core pin and one or more wire coils wound one above the other around the end of the pin.
  • the tip of the pin protrudes beyond the wire helices forming the electrode head in order to serve as a starting point for the discharge arc.
  • An example of such an electrode construction can be found in US Pat. No. 4,396,857. However, this construction has proven unsuitable for high-pressure discharge lamps with metal halide fillings which contain the metals sodium and tin and are used to produce color temperatures of 2700 to 3400 K .
  • Such fillings cause a rapid erosion of the electrode tips when the lamp is in operation, followed by arc lengthening and an increase in the operating voltage and re-ignition tip.
  • the electrode erosion process thus limits the lifespan because the lamp goes out, when the re-ignition peak exceeds the open circuit voltage.
  • the erosion of the electrode tips can be reduced by a more solid design of the electrode pin in the area of the arc attachment point.
  • the flicker factor increases with these lamps in 50 to 60 Hz operation. This is perceived by the viewer as unpleasant when these lamps are used in the interior, for which they are intended in particular.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp in which the electrode erosion and flicker factor can be kept small and the lamp properties remain unchanged when the lamp is rotated about the arc axis by using a special electrode construction despite the use of sodium and tin as filling substances.
  • the electrodes should have a simple structure, be inexpensive to manufacture and have axial symmetry.
  • the flicker factor can be further improved by an even smaller value for the pin diameter, as it results from the formula listed above, since the heat dissipation responsible for the factor is then further reduced from the electrode head to the pinch.
  • this has no advantages, since the corrosion of the thin electrode pin caused by the filling system mentioned at the transition to the pinch leads to premature failure of the lamp.
  • the value at the root of the above formula may therefore be reduced by a maximum of 0.02.
  • this value may also be increased by a maximum of 0.02, otherwise the flicker factor exceeds the interference threshold of 0.25%.
  • the electrode head must have a substantially cylindrical or frustoconical shape and the tip of the electrode pin must not extend beyond the end of the electrode head facing the discharge arc.
  • the permissible electrode mass is increased by the requirement of a flicker factor limited to ⁇ 0.25%.
  • the lower limit specified in the formula must not be fallen below, because otherwise the burning mechanism described above will lower the average service life below the required 6000 hours.
  • a further improvement in the flicker factor can be achieved if the tip of the electrode pin is set back by one or two pin diameters relative to the end of the electrode head facing the discharge arc, so that there is a small depression in the center at the end face of the head.
  • the manufacture of the electrode is very simple and inexpensive if the electrode head is formed from one or more wire coils that are wound one above the other.
  • BSD wire is advantageously used as the wire, a tungsten wire to which small amounts of potassium have been added in order to make it easier to process.
  • the electrode head can also consist of a tungsten sintered body.
  • the 70 W high-pressure discharge lamp 1 shown in FIG. 1 consists of a discharge vessel 2 made of quartz glass, which is squeezed on both sides and is enclosed by an outer bulb 3.
  • the electrodes 4, 5 - shown schematically - are melted gas-tight into the discharge vessel 2 by means of foils 6, 7 and via current leads 8, 9, sealing foils 10, 11 of the outer bulb 3 and via further short current leads with the electrical connections of the ceramic base (R7s) 12 , 13 connected.
  • a getter material 14 applied to a metal plate is additionally melted potential-free - via a piece of wire.
  • the ends 15, 16 of the discharge vessel 2 are provided with a heat-reflecting coating.
  • the discharge vessel 2 contains metal iodides and bromides of sodium, tin, thallium, indium and lithium as the filling.
  • Lamp 1 - with a power consumption of 70 W - has a luminous efficacy of 70 lm / W at a nominal current (effective value) of 0.9 A.
  • FIG. 2 shows an electrode 4, 5 as it is installed in the high-pressure discharge lamp 1 according to FIG. 1.
  • the electrode 4, 5 consists of an electrode pin 17 with a length of 7.2 mm and a diameter of 0.25 mm, which extends over the sealing foils 6, 7 is sealed gas-tight in the pinch 18.
  • the electrode head 19 is formed from a double-layer coil, the inner coil 20 consisting of six tightly wound turns and the outer coil 21 consisting of four tightly wound turns of a wire with a diameter of 0.2 mm.
  • the electrode head 19 formed from the double-layer coil protrudes 0.5 mm beyond the free end of the electrode pin 17. Both the electrode head and the electrode pin are made of BSD wire.
  • the electrode head contains no emitter material.
  • FIG. 3 shows the structure of a 35 W high-pressure discharge lamp 22 according to the invention with a discharge vessel 23 made of quartz glass that is squeezed on one side, the latter being surrounded by an outer bulb 24 in a gas-tight manner.
  • the electrodes 25, 26 - shown schematically - are melted into the discharge vessel 23 via foils 27, 28 and via current leads 29, 30, sealing foils 31, 32 of the outer bulb 24 and via further short current leads with the electrical connection pins 33, 34 of the ceramic base (G 12) 35 connected.
  • a getter material 37 is also attached to the pinch 36 of the discharge vessel 23 in a potential-free manner via a piece of wire on a metal plate.
  • the filling elements of this lamp 22 correspond to those of the 70 W high-pressure discharge lamp 1 listed above.
  • the 35 W high-pressure discharge lamp 22 has a luminous efficacy of 57 lm / W at a nominal current (effective value) of 0.5 A.
  • FIG. 4 shows an electrode 25 of the high-pressure discharge lamp 22 according to FIG. 3.
  • the electrode 25 consists of an electrode pin 38, one end of which is melted into the pinch 36 in a gas-tight manner via the sealing film 27.
  • the other end of the pin 38 is bent at a right angle to the rest of the pin, so that the electrode head 39 attached to this end points in the direction of the discharge arc.
  • This electrode head 39 also consists of a double-layer coil, the inner coil 40 consisting of six tightly wound turns and the outer coil 41 consisting of four tightly wound turns.
  • the electrode head 39 protrudes slightly beyond the free end of the electrode pin 38.
  • This electrode also consists of BSD wire and contains no emitter material.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Lampe à décharge haute pression (1,22) possédant une puissance inférieure ou égale à 400 W et dont l'enceinte de décharge (2,23) contient un remplissage formé de mercure, d'halogénures métalliques, notamment du sodium et de l'étain, ainsi qu'au moins un gaz rare, et dans laquelle deux électrodes (4,5;25,26) sont scellées d'une manière étanche aux gaz dans l'enceinte de décharge, par l'intermédiaire de feuilles d'étanchéité (6,7;27,28), chaque électrode (4,5;25, 26) étant constituée par une tige (17;38) et par une tête d'électrode (19,39) fixée sur cette tige, caractérisée par le fait que chaque électrode (4,5;25,26) possède les caractéristiques suivantes :
    - la tête d'électrode (19,39) possède un contour extérieur sensiblement cylindrique ou de forme tronconique,
    - la pointe, qui porte la tête d'électrode (19,39), de la tige d'électrode (17,38) s'étend au maximum jusqu'à l'extrémité, tournée vers l'arc de décharge, de la tête d'électrode (19,39),
    - la tige d'électrode (17,38) possède un diamètre d en mm, dont les valeurs maximale et minimale admissibles sont déterminées conformément à la formule d = 0,083 x i L ± 0,02 ,
    Figure imgb0008
     iL désignant la valeur effective du courant de la lampe en A,
    - la tête d'électrode (19,39) possède, y compris la partie, située dans cette tête d'électrode, de la tige d'électrode (17,38), une masse (M) en mg, dont les valeurs maximale et minimale admissibles sont déterminées par la formule M = iL x (23 ± 8), iL étant la valeur effective du courant de la lampe en A.
  2. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que la pointe, qui porte la tête d'électrode (19,39) de la tige d'électrode (17,38) est légèrement en retrait par rapport à l'extrémité, tournée vers l'arc de décharge, de la tête d'électrode (19, 39).
  3. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que la tête d'électrode (19,39) est constituée par une ou plusieurs couches de filaments hélicoïdaux enroulés les uns sur les autres.
  4. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant les revendications 1 et 3, caractérisée par le fait que la tige d'électrode (17,38) et les filaments hélicoïdaux de la tête d'électrode (19,39) sont réalisés en tungstène, qui contient de faibles quantités ajoutées de potassium (fil BSD).
  5. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que la tête d'électrode est constituée par un corps fritté formé de tungstène pur.
EP90124462A 1990-03-15 1990-12-17 Lampe à décharge à haute pression Expired - Lifetime EP0456907B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4008375 1990-03-15
DE4008375A DE4008375A1 (de) 1990-03-15 1990-03-15 Hochdruckentladungslampe

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0456907A2 EP0456907A2 (fr) 1991-11-21
EP0456907A3 EP0456907A3 (en) 1992-03-18
EP0456907B1 true EP0456907B1 (fr) 1995-03-22

Family

ID=6402322

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90124462A Expired - Lifetime EP0456907B1 (fr) 1990-03-15 1990-12-17 Lampe à décharge à haute pression

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5210463A (fr)
EP (1) EP0456907B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2947958B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE4008375A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1176017A (zh) * 1995-11-02 1998-03-11 菲利浦电子有限公司 高压放电灯
US6084351A (en) * 1996-09-06 2000-07-04 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Metal halide lamp and temperature control system therefor
DE19749908A1 (de) 1997-11-11 1999-05-12 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Elektrodenbauteil für Entladungslampen
JP2004521474A (ja) * 2001-06-25 2004-07-15 コーニンクレッカ　フィリップス　エレクトロニクス　エヌ　ヴィ 高圧ガス放電ランプおよび高圧ガス放電ランプの製造方法
GB2444977A (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-06-25 Gen Electric An ultra high pressure mercury arc lamp
US8460045B2 (en) * 2007-06-25 2013-06-11 General Electric Company High intensity discharge lamp with enhanced dimming characteristcs
DE102007050633A1 (de) 2007-10-23 2009-04-30 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Gasentladungslampe
DE102008016888A1 (de) 2008-04-02 2009-10-08 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Lampenspannung
JP2011181450A (ja) * 2010-03-03 2011-09-15 Panasonic Corp ランプ
CN103286649A (zh) * 2012-02-29 2013-09-11 上海亚尔光源有限公司 紫外灯用电极的制造方法

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB486138A (en) * 1937-01-19 1938-05-31 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in electrodes for high-pressure metal vapour electric discharge devices
GB491176A (en) * 1937-05-20 1938-08-29 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in high-pressure metal-vapour electric discharge devices
US3670195A (en) * 1970-03-20 1972-06-13 Japan Broadcasting Corp Metal vapour discharge lamp
JPS592145B2 (ja) * 1979-10-01 1984-01-17 株式会社東芝 短弧光放電灯
US4396857A (en) * 1980-07-01 1983-08-02 General Electric Company Arc tube construction
US4633136A (en) * 1982-04-20 1986-12-30 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High-pressure discharge lamp with low power input
DE3232207A1 (de) * 1982-08-30 1984-03-08 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München Hochdruckentladungslampe kleiner leistung
US5001397A (en) * 1985-07-17 1991-03-19 U.S. Philips Corporation High-pressure gas discharge lamp having electrodes with coil layers having interlocking turns
JPS6247941A (ja) * 1985-08-28 1987-03-02 Toshiba Corp 小形高圧金属蒸気放電灯
DE3641045A1 (de) * 1986-12-01 1988-06-09 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Einseitig gequetschte hochdruckentladungslampe
EP0381035B1 (fr) * 1989-01-31 1994-08-03 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation Lampe à décharge à vapeur métallique à scellement unique
US4968916A (en) * 1989-09-08 1990-11-06 General Electric Company Xenon-metal halide lamp particularly suited for automotive applications having an improved electrode structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5210463A (en) 1993-05-11
JP2947958B2 (ja) 1999-09-13
DE59008768D1 (de) 1995-04-27
JPH04220939A (ja) 1992-08-11
DE4008375A1 (de) 1991-09-19
EP0456907A2 (fr) 1991-11-21
EP0456907A3 (en) 1992-03-18

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