EP0703600B1 - Lampe à décharge haute pression - Google Patents

Lampe à décharge haute pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0703600B1
EP0703600B1 EP95112861A EP95112861A EP0703600B1 EP 0703600 B1 EP0703600 B1 EP 0703600B1 EP 95112861 A EP95112861 A EP 95112861A EP 95112861 A EP95112861 A EP 95112861A EP 0703600 B1 EP0703600 B1 EP 0703600B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
discharge lamp
pressure discharge
lamp according
cathode
carbide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95112861A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0703600A3 (fr
EP0703600A2 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Dr. Altmann
Andreas Ponnier
Jürgen Begemann
Ralf Seedorf
Jürgen Dr. Maier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP0703600A2 publication Critical patent/EP0703600A2/fr
Publication of EP0703600A3 publication Critical patent/EP0703600A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0703600B1 publication Critical patent/EP0703600B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/025—Associated optical elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0735—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/16—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having helium, argon, neon, krypton, or xenon as the principle constituent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent
    • H01J61/20—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent mercury vapour
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the Preamble of Claim 1.
  • these are high-pressure mercury lamps low power (up to 250 W), e.g. for use in fluorescence microscopy, but also around high pressure xenon lamps similar services.
  • the application is for higher performances however not excluded.
  • a high-pressure discharge lamp is known from EP-A 299 230, in which the uneven arc is reduced in that the cathode at least in Area of their tapered tip coated with a carbide layer which either decreases continuously towards the tip or the discharge side Leaves third of the tip free. Any carburizing of the cylindrical electrode part with constant diameter was called classified as meaningless.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the arc stability in generic lamps and at the same time to increase the maintenance of the luminance. This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1. Preferred designs can be found in the dependent claims.
  • the arch stability can not only be maintained but can even increase if the carburization in the tapering region in front of the electrode tip is reduced under suitable framework conditions.
  • This behavior is achieved when the tapered area of the electrode is completely free of carbon, while a large part of the cylindrical base body of the electrode is covered by a carbide layer.
  • the easiest way to produce such an electrode is to carburize a cylindrical rod, as described in EP-A 299 230, and only then to produce the tapered tip by etching or grinding and / or polishing. The unsteadiness of the bow can be kept below 10% during the entire service life.
  • the carburization particularly advantageously interacts with a special material composition and structure of the cathode.
  • a special material composition and structure of the cathode In particular when using thin electrodes with a maximum of 5 mm diameter (values below 2 mm, particularly preferably below 1 mm are preferred), an electrode material has proven to be favorable which, in addition to tungsten, contains a maximum of 0.6% by weight ThO 2 (preferably 0.2 up to 0.45%). Additional doping with 50-100 ppm potassium, up to 20 ppm aluminum and up to 10 ppm silicon (in each case based on weight) is particularly preferred. This material is subjected to a special manufacturing process in order to form a distinctive long crystal structure and to achieve a finely divided thorium oxide distribution.
  • the each electrode diameter used is advantageous with the degree of Restriction of the hammering process coordinated. With particularly small ones Electrode diameters can U. be hammered entirely. After the rod is carburized, a tapered area becomes created by the tip to a truncated cone or the like. etched or sanded and then polished.
  • the basic body is advantageous at least more than 30%, preferably more than 50%, of its total length, starting from the approach of the tapered area, covered with carbide.
  • the truncated cone preferably has a maximum height of 5 mm; the optimal height depends on the opening angle and the cathode diameter. With large diameters (e.g. 4 mm) a large opening angle (e.g. 60 °) advantageous, corresponding to a truncated cone height of approx. 4 mm.
  • There is also a narrow area at the end facing away from the discharge of the base body is freed from the carbon layer for better contact.
  • the system is inherent Luminance decrease greatly reduced, which is due to the Electrode erosion.
  • the o.e. carburized cathode namely, the electron exit at the tip of the electrode facilitates, so that the required current density even at a lower operating temperature is reached, which in turn reduces the electrode erosion.
  • the average Electrode erosion increased the electrode distance by approx. 100% (from typically 0.6 to 1.3 mm)
  • the burn-off in the invention Lamp Lamp only 30 to 50%.
  • the Firing voltage increase during the service life is also small. He can are now limited to a maximum of 50% of the previously usual value.
  • the invention is applicable to high-pressure mercury lamps. Typical doses are 10 to 80 mg / cm 3 , an electrode spacing of 0.5 to 4 mm and burning voltages up to 50 V.
  • the invention can be used with particular advantage in the case of low-power mercury lamps (typical values are 50-200 W).
  • low-power mercury lamps typically values are 50-200 W.
  • the above measures create the prerequisite for optimizing the radiation intensity in the wavelength range relevant for the respective application. This happens primarily through a higher mercury dose.
  • the application of this measure known per se has hitherto failed at these low powers because it has caused lamp failures.
  • Due to the improved electrode, however, high doses between 70 and 130 mg / cm 3 of mercury are now particularly advantageous without impairing the service life.
  • the short-wave radiation intensity in particular the range between 400 and 500 nm
  • the invention makes it possible for the first time to produce high-pressure mercury lamps in conjunction with reflectors as an extremely small structural unit. These are used, for example, in endoscopy.
  • the elliptical discharge vessel 2 made of quartz glass is filled with mercury in an amount of 18 mg. The volume is 0.2 cm 3 . The total length of the vessel 2 is 73 mm.
  • the anode 3 and the cathode 4 are arranged axially at a distance of 0.6 mm from one another. Each electrode has a cylindrical shaft 5.
  • the electrical supply takes place in a known manner via molybdenum foils 6, which are connected to the metal sleeve bases (not shown) via pins are.
  • the molybdenum foils 6 are vacuum-tight in the two ends 7 of the discharge vessel 2 melted down.
  • molybdenum foils instead of melting with molybdenum foils another technique, e.g. Rod melting or cup melting, be used.
  • the anode 3 is made as a solid cylinder block from hammered tungsten and has a wide, slightly bevelled end face.
  • the comparatively small cathode 4, onto which a coil is pushed, is shown enlarged (but not to scale) in FIG. 2.
  • the cylindrical base body 8 of the cathode 4 tapers in the manner of a cone 9, the tip 10 of which is truncated.
  • the stump that forms the base for the arch has a diameter of 0.1 mm.
  • the cone forms an opening angle ⁇ of 15 ° and has an overall length of approximately 1.7 mm.
  • the cone 9 is free of carbide.
  • the cylindrical base body 8 is surrounded over its entire length by a layer 11 of tungsten carbide, with the exception of the end region 12 of 4.5 mm in length facing away from the discharge.
  • the cylindrical base body can also be only partially covered by carbide his.
  • the cylindrical body is at least 50% its total length, starting from the base of the truncated cone, carburized.
  • the cathode is preferably made of tungsten with a small amount of other substances (in addition to 0.4% by weight thorium dioxide 75 ppm potassium, 10 ppm Aluminum and 5 ppm silicon) is doped.
  • the carbide layer has one 5 ⁇ m thick. In general, the layer thickness can be between 1 and 15 ⁇ m, it is preferably between 3 and 8 pm.
  • the tapered area can be divided into several sections instead of a cone or a truncated cone, e.g. Truncated cones with different opening angles become.
  • Fig. 3 shows a comparison between the uneven arch of an inventive Lamp (Fig. 3a) and a previously used lamp (Fig. 3b). While the new version has an uneven arc of one percent When the burn time of 200 h is reached, the bow unrest in the old version is over an order of magnitude worse (Fig. 3b) and reaches values up to 100%.
  • FIG. 5 shows a comparison between the lamp spectrum of an old and a new version.
  • the higher intensity of the new version is particularly pronounced in the short-wave spectral range and is still clearly visible up to 600 nm.
  • the intensity in the new version is 10% higher in the 355 to 375 nm spectral band, 38% in the 450 to 500 nm band and 17% in the 535 to 555 nm range than in the old version.
  • the reflector lamp is characterized by a low overall height of only 83 mm and one Diameter of 67 mm.
  • the lamp 1 sits axially in an elliptical Reflector 15, which is provided with a dichroic coating 16.
  • the Reflector lamp mainly emits in the wavelength range 320 to 390 nm. It is used in particular for the curing of paints.
  • the cathode 4 of the Lamp 1 is adjacent to the top of the reflector.
  • a heat accumulation coating 18 covers approximately the lower third of the discharge vessel 2.
  • Fig. 7 shows a high-pressure xenon lamp with a power of 180 W.
  • Sie has a cathode 21 with a diameter of 1.5, which is at the tip a truncated cone with a height of 3.5 mm, corresponding to one Opening angle of 26 °.
  • the lamp 20 is axially in a reflector 22 placed, similar to that described in Fig. 6.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Lampe à décharge à haute pression, comprenant une enceinte (2) de décharge, une cathode (4) et une anode (3) qui sont disposées axialement, ainsi qu'une atmosphère ionisable, la cathode ayant une embase (8) cylindrique qui se rétrécit (9) en une pointe (10) et la cathode étant revêtue partiellement d'une couche de carbure caractérisée en ce que toute la région (9) se rétrécisant entre la pointe (10) et l'embase (8) de la cathode est exempte de carbure, tandis que l'embase est recouverte au moins partiellement de carbure.
  2. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la lampe renferme du mercure en une quantité de 70 à 130 mg/cm3.
  3. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la distance entre les électrodes est comprise entre 0,4 et 0,8mm environ.
  4. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la tension d'arc est comprise entre 20 et 29 V environ et notamment est de 23 V environ.
  5. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle forme une unité de construction avec un réflecteur.
  6. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la puissance de la lampe va jusqu'à 250 W.
  7. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche de carbure est comprise entre 1 et 15µm et notamment entre 3 et 8 µm.
  8. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la longueur de la région (9) qui se rétrécit est au maximum de 5 mm.
  9. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la cathode est en tungstène auquel est ajouté jusqu'à 0,6% en poids de ThO2 ainsi qu'éventuellement d'autres additifs, notamment du potassium, de l'aluminium et du silicium en quantités plus petites.
  10. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la cathode a une structure cristalline longue.
  11. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la lampe renferme du xénon avec une pression de remplissage à froid de 2 à 15 bar environ.
  12. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que la longueur de la région qui se rétrécit est supérieure ou égale au diamètre de la cathode.
  13. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que la région qui se rétrécit est un cône ou un tronc de cône ayant un angle d'ouverture de 10 à 30 degrés.
  14. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'embase est recouverte de carbure sur une partie de sa longueur totale, notamment sur 30%, de préférence sur 50%, en partant de son rattachement à la région qui se rétrécit.
EP95112861A 1994-09-21 1995-08-16 Lampe à décharge haute pression Expired - Lifetime EP0703600B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9415217U 1994-09-21
DE9415217U DE9415217U1 (de) 1994-09-21 1994-09-21 Hochdruckentladungslampe

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0703600A2 EP0703600A2 (fr) 1996-03-27
EP0703600A3 EP0703600A3 (fr) 1998-05-06
EP0703600B1 true EP0703600B1 (fr) 2000-01-26

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ID=6913903

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95112861A Expired - Lifetime EP0703600B1 (fr) 1994-09-21 1995-08-16 Lampe à décharge haute pression

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5629585A (fr)
EP (1) EP0703600B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3022910U (fr)
DE (2) DE9415217U1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10137794B4 (de) * 2001-08-07 2008-06-12 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Elektrode für Hochdruckentladungslampen und Hochdruckentladungslampe

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US6215247B1 (en) * 1997-10-03 2001-04-10 Orc Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Construction of electrode for high pressure discharge lamp and process for producing the same
WO1999049495A1 (fr) 1998-03-20 1999-09-30 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Tube a decharge pour source lumineuse
US6492772B1 (en) 1999-02-10 2002-12-10 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. High pressure discharge lamp, high pressure discharge lamp electrode, method of producing the high pressure discharge lamp electrode, and illumination device and image display apparatus respectively using the high pressure discharge lamps
JP2000306546A (ja) * 1999-04-21 2000-11-02 Ushio Inc ショートアーク放電ランプ
JP3596453B2 (ja) * 2000-09-28 2004-12-02 ウシオ電機株式会社 ショートアーク放電ランプ
CN1235260C (zh) * 2001-03-30 2006-01-04 松下电器产业株式会社 汽车前灯用金属卤化物灯
DE102005013760A1 (de) * 2005-03-22 2006-09-28 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Elektrode und Entladungslampe mit einer derartigen Elektrode
SE529053C2 (sv) 2005-07-08 2007-04-17 Plasma Surgical Invest Ltd Plasmaalstrande anordning, plasmakirurgisk anordning och användning av en plasmakirurgisk anordning
SE529058C2 (sv) 2005-07-08 2007-04-17 Plasma Surgical Invest Ltd Plasmaalstrande anordning, plasmakirurgisk anordning, användning av en plasmakirurgisk anordning och förfarande för att bilda ett plasma
SE529056C2 (sv) * 2005-07-08 2007-04-17 Plasma Surgical Invest Ltd Plasmaalstrande anordning, plasmakirurgisk anordning och användning av en plasmakirurgisk anordning
WO2007076141A2 (fr) * 2005-12-27 2007-07-05 Advanced Lighting Technologies, Inc. Source de lumiere de projection et procedes de fabrication
US7928338B2 (en) * 2007-02-02 2011-04-19 Plasma Surgical Investments Ltd. Plasma spraying device and method
DE102007013990A1 (de) * 2007-03-23 2008-09-25 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Material für Elektroden oder Leuchtkörper und Elektrode bzw. Leuchtkörper
US8735766B2 (en) * 2007-08-06 2014-05-27 Plasma Surgical Investments Limited Cathode assembly and method for pulsed plasma generation
US7589473B2 (en) * 2007-08-06 2009-09-15 Plasma Surgical Investments, Ltd. Pulsed plasma device and method for generating pulsed plasma
DE102008014096A1 (de) * 2008-03-05 2009-09-10 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Wolframelektrode für Hochdruckentladungslampen und Hochdruckentladungslampe mit einer Wolframelektrode
WO2009146751A1 (fr) * 2008-06-06 2009-12-10 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Passage de conducteur avec profil de feuille curviligne
JP5115396B2 (ja) * 2008-08-20 2013-01-09 ウシオ電機株式会社 放電ランプ用陰極および放電ランプ
JP5299132B2 (ja) * 2009-07-07 2013-09-25 ウシオ電機株式会社 デジタルプロジェクター用キセノンショートアークランプ
US8613742B2 (en) * 2010-01-29 2013-12-24 Plasma Surgical Investments Limited Methods of sealing vessels using plasma
US9089319B2 (en) 2010-07-22 2015-07-28 Plasma Surgical Investments Limited Volumetrically oscillating plasma flows
AT15459U1 (de) * 2016-04-11 2017-09-15 Plansee Se Anode
CN111105985B (zh) * 2019-11-28 2022-04-08 清远市欧瑞凯科技有限公司 钨电极及其制备方法，以及采用该钨电极的高压放电灯
EP4205515A2 (fr) 2020-08-28 2023-07-05 Plasma Surgical Investments Limited Systèmes, procédés et dispositifs pour générer un flux de plasma étendu principalement radialement

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10137794B4 (de) * 2001-08-07 2008-06-12 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Elektrode für Hochdruckentladungslampen und Hochdruckentladungslampe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59507686D1 (de) 2000-03-02
US5629585A (en) 1997-05-13
EP0703600A3 (fr) 1998-05-06
JP3022910U (ja) 1996-04-02
DE9415217U1 (de) 1996-01-25
EP0703600A2 (fr) 1996-03-27

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