EP0455564B1 - Momentauslöser für einen Schalter - Google Patents

Momentauslöser für einen Schalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0455564B1
EP0455564B1 EP91420127A EP91420127A EP0455564B1 EP 0455564 B1 EP0455564 B1 EP 0455564B1 EP 91420127 A EP91420127 A EP 91420127A EP 91420127 A EP91420127 A EP 91420127A EP 0455564 B1 EP0455564 B1 EP 0455564B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
contacts
trip
actuating device
overpressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91420127A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0455564A1 (de
Inventor
Robert Merlin Gerin Morel
Marc Merlin Gerin Rival
Hubert Merlin Gerin Garcia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric SE
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric SE filed Critical Schneider Electric SE
Publication of EP0455564A1 publication Critical patent/EP0455564A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0455564B1 publication Critical patent/EP0455564B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/50—Means for detecting the presence of an arc or discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2418—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electrodynamic current limiting mechanism
    • H01H2071/2427—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electrodynamic current limiting mechanism with blow-off movement tripping mechanism, e.g. electrodynamic effect on contacts trips the traditional trip device before it can unlatch the spring mechanism by itself
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H2077/025—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with pneumatic means, e.g. by arc pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a trip device of an electrical circuit breaker with molded housing having, by pole, a pair of contacts elastically biased in contact in the closed position of the circuit breaker and capable of separating under the action of electrodynamic repulsion forces when the current flowing the contacts exceed a predetermined threshold to generate a limitation of said current, said trip device having an overload and / or short-circuit fault detector which actuates a mechanism for controlling automatic opening of the circuit breaker on fault, and an actuating device reacting to an overpressure generated in the area of said contacts by an arc drawn during an electrodynamic repulsion of the contacts to actuate the opening mechanism of the circuit breaker.
  • a known trigger (US-A-3,631,369) of the kind mentioned, comprises a movable pallet, arranged in a bimetallic strip and subjected to the action of the electromagnetic trigger. An extension of the pallet projects into the gas exhaust duct of the breaking chamber. During a cut, the gas flow drives the pallet towards the trigger position. In the majority of circuit breakers, the gas exhaust pipe is distant from the trip device and the aforementioned device is therefore not applicable. The pallet is subjected to the polluting action of the gases and its proper functioning is quickly hampered. Each pole is necessarily equipped with such a trigger and a trigger selectivity is not conceivable because the actuator reacting to the flow of gases is integrated into the thermal and magnetic trigger.
  • the object of the present invention is to produce a trigger ensuring both the limitation and the selectivity of triggering by simple, universal and reliable means.
  • the pressure in the contact area in particular in the breaking chamber, is a direct function of the power of the arc, and it can quickly reach significant values, for example from 3 to 10 bars.
  • This overpressure acts on a simple membrane or moving piston device which actuates the circuit breaker tripping mechanism.
  • the increase in pressure and the transmission of this pressure to the detector are all the faster the higher the currents.
  • the device is not sensitive to low currents, and an untimely tripping on a simple overload can easily be avoided by providing a return spring for the piston, or the measurement membrane.
  • the actuator is a sealed or quasi-sealed assembly formed by the cylinder with the piston or the membrane and the connection conduit between the cylinder and the breaking chamber.
  • This small section duct can be relatively long and its housing in the housing is easy.
  • the displacement of the piston requires only a tiny flow of gas in the conduit and this flow occurs almost entirely before the pollution of the gases by the action of the arc. The actuator is thus protected from these polluted gases.
  • the present invention starts from the observation that a cut in a limiting circuit breaker always generates a high arcing voltage, and therefore a significant arcing energy resulting in an increase in the pressure in the breaking area.
  • This pressure increase is ultra-rapid, and the selectivity can be ensured by the use of a calibrated return spring so as to trigger at a predetermined pressure.
  • each pole of a multipole circuit breaker comprises an overpressure actuator, so as to intervene as soon as an overpressure occurs in any one of the poles, and achieve tripping as quickly as possible.
  • the piston of the overpressure actuator can be common to the different poles, these being connected to the piston by conduits equipped with a non-return device.
  • the different interrupting chambers are preferably connected to a common manifold with the interposition of a non-return valve, this manifold itself being connected by a conduit to the piston or to the membrane of the overpressure actuator, which acts on the circuit breaker trip bar.
  • the trip on fault can be obtained by a standard thermal or electromagnetic trip, or by a static trip with polarized relay. All these trips and actuators act on the same trip bar which releases the mechanism of opening of the circuit breaker, in a way well known to specialists.
  • the overpressure actuator may therefore include a piston of small surface area, of the order of one square centimeter, and this small size facilitates housing in a molded case, possibly of an existing device.
  • a pole of a molded case circuit breaker 10 comprises a pair of contacts 11,12 arranged in a breaking chamber 13 equipped with deionization plates 14.
  • the breaking chamber 13 is delimited by partitions 15 of which one is traversed by an arm 16 for supporting the movable contact 12.
  • the breaking chamber 13 is almost leaktight and communicates via a channel 17 of restricted section with the outside of the molded housing 10.
  • the movable contact arm 16 is pivotally mounted on a bar 18 belonging to a control mechanism 19, having a lever 20 for manual opening and closing of the contacts 11,12 and a latch 21 for triggering the mechanism 19.
  • the movable contact 12 is biased by a spring 22 in the closed position, being able to pivot counterclockwise under the force of electrodynamic repulsion generated by the current flowing through the contact arm 16 and the contacts 11,12.
  • the hooking 21 is controlled by a trip bar 23 common to the different poles of the circuit breaker.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a standard trip switch with bimetallic strip 24 and with an electromagnetic coil 25, both acting on the trip bar 23.
  • Such a circuit breaker is well known to specialists and it is unnecessary to describe it in more detail. It suffices to recall that during a short circuit the repulsion of the contacts 11, 12 causes a rapid opening of these contacts, against the force of the spring 22, this rapid opening causing a limitation of the short-circuit current. .
  • the opening of the contacts 11, 12 is confirmed by the intervention of the electromagnetic trip device 25 acting via the trip bar 23 on the hooking 21, which opens the mechanism 19 of the circuit breaker.
  • the circuit breaker comprises an overpressure actuator comprising a piston assembly 26, cylinder 27 cooperating with the trigger bar 23.
  • the piston 26 slidably mounted in the cylinder 27 carries a rod 28 capable of striking the trigger bar 23.
  • a return spring 29 maintains the piston 26 in the retracted position, shown in FIG. 2.
  • the face opposite to the rod 28 of the piston 26 is subjected to the pressure prevailing in the chamber 30 which communicates by a conduit 31 with the breaking chamber 13.
  • the conduit 31 opens into the chamber 13 in the vicinity of the deionization plates 14, but the pressure take-off can be carried out at any location in the chamber 13, the uniformization of the pressure inside this chamber being almost instantaneous.
  • the circuit breaker can be multipolar and in this case, each pole can be equipped with its own overpressure actuator 26,27 acting on the trip bar 23. During a short circuit, the most charged pole causes tripping by the 'increase in pressure in its breaking chamber 13, this triggering causing the opening of all the poles of the circuit breaker.
  • three poles P1, P2, P3 of a three-pole circuit breaker communicate by conduits 31 with a collector 32, itself connected to the chamber 30 of the overpressure actuator 26 , 27.
  • the opening of the conduits 31 in the manifold 32 is capable of being closed by a non-return valve 33, preventing the passage of gases from one pole to the other.
  • the pressure build-up in the cut-off chamber of the first pole P1 is the fastest, and this pressure is transmitted by the conduit 31 and the manifold 32 to the overpressure actuator 26,27 , the valve 33 being open.
  • the other two poles P2, P3 are isolated from the collector 32 by closing their corresponding valve 33, and the device actuator retains its quasi-tightness.
  • the invention is applicable to circuit breakers with static tripping using current transformers for overload or short circuit detection. These current transformers supply a signal to an electronic processing unit which delivers a trip order to a polarized relay 34 when the predetermined thresholds are exceeded.
  • the polarized relay 34 comprises a plunger core 35 held in the retracted position by a permanent magnet 36, and biased in the control position of the trigger bar 23, by means of a pusher 38, by a spring 37.
  • the tripping order is transmitted to a coil 39 which releases the core 35.
  • the overpressure actuator 26,27 is adjacent to the polarized relay 34 and the rod 28 is arranged opposite the trigger bar 23 to activate the latter during an overpressure.
  • the trigger bar 23 carries a tab 40 capable of cooperating with the rear face of the head of the pusher 38, leaving a clearance "j" sufficient for the displacement of the trigger bar 23 under the action of the overpressure actuator 26,27, without displacement of the core 35 of the relay 34.
  • This tab 40 causes, after triggering of the mechanism 19, the disarming of the polarized relay 34.
  • the curves in FIG. 5 show the mode of action of the trigger according to the invention.
  • the curve “a” shows the separation distance of the contacts 11,12, during an opening on short circuit by electrodynamic repulsion of the movable contact 12.
  • the curve “b” shows the variation of the arc voltage corresponding to the opening of the contacts 11,12 .
  • the curve “c” illustrates the growth of the presumed short-circuit current, while the curve “d” corresponds to the current limited by the electrodynamic repulsion of the contacts 11,12.
  • the curve “e” shows the variation of the pressure in the breaking chamber 13.
  • the separation of the contacts 11, 12 occurs at an instant "t1" and the overpressure actuator causes the opening of the mechanism 19, and therefore , that of the three poles of the circuit breaker at an instant "t2" confirming the opening of the contacts by electrodynamic repulsion.
  • a piston 26, with a diameter of 10mm has made it possible to obtain forces largely sufficient to actuate the trigger bar 23.
  • a piston of this size can easily be accommodated in the molded housing 10, and the conduit 31 of small section allows capturing the pressure at any location in the interrupting chamber 13.
  • the usual sealing of the interrupting chambers 13 is largely sufficient to obtain the necessary overpressures, and it is unnecessary to provide additional means for sealing these chambers.
  • the assembly is particularly simple and selectivity is obtained by the use of return springs 29 of appropriate size.

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  • Breakers (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Auslöser für einen Leistungsschalter mit Isolierstoffgehäuse (10), der pro Pol zwei in der Einschaltstellung des Leitungsschalters federnd gegeneinandergedrückte Kontakte (11, 12) umfaßt, die durch die Wirkung elektrodynamischer Rückstoßkräfte getrennt werden können, wenn der die Kontakte (11,12) durchfließende Strom einen bestimmten Schwellwert überschreitet, um so eine Begrenzung des genannten Stroms zu bewirken, wobei der genannte Auslöser ein Überlast- und/oder Kurzschluß-Erfassungsglied (24, 25) zur Beaufschlagung eines im Fehlerfall die automatische Abschaltung des Leistungsschalters bewirkenden Schaltmechanismus' (19) sowie ein Betätigungsorgan (26, 27) umfaßt, das auf einen in der Trennzone der genannten Kontakte (11, 12) durch einen bei elektrodynamischem Rückstoß der Kontakte (11, 12) gezogenen Lichtbogen erzeugten Überdruck anspricht, um den Abschaltmechanismus (19) des Leistungsschalters zu betätigen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Betätigungsorgan (26, 27) eine gasdichte Einheit darstellt, die ausschließlich mit der Trennzone der Kontakte (11,1 2) verbunden ist und ein bewegliches Element wie z.B. einen Kolben (26) oder eine Membran mit einem begrenzten Steuerhub umfaßt, das zum einen mit dem genannten Überdruck und zum anderen durch eine Rückholvorrichtung (29) mit angepaßter Wirkkraft beaufschlagt wird und dessen Verschiebung die Auslösung des genannten Abschaltmechanismus' (19) des Leistungsschalters bewirkt, wobei die genannte Rückholvorrichtung (29) mit angepaßter Wirkkraft so bemessen ist, daß eine ungewollte Auslösung bei einfacher Überlast oder Ansprechen eines nachgeschalteten strombegrenzenden Leistungsschalters verhindert wird.
  2. Auslöser nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Kontakte (11, 12) in einer annähernd gasdichten Lichtbogenlöschkammer (13) angeordnet sind und daß das genannte Betätigungsorgan (26, 27) eine Leitung (31) umfaßt, die in die Lichtbogenlöschkammer (13) mündet, um einen in der genannten Löschkammer (13) herrschenden Überdruck auf das Betätigungsorgan (26, 27) zu übertragen.
  3. Auslöser eines Mehrpol-Leistungsschalters nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Pol (P1, P2, P3) mit einem Betätigungsorgan (26, 27) zusammenwirkt, um bei Entstehung eines Überdrucks in irgendeinem der genannten Pole (P1, P2, P3) die Abschaltung des Mehrpol-Leistungsschalters zu bewirken.
  4. Auslöser nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das bewegliche Element (26) des mit dem Überdruck beaufschlagten Betätigungsorgans (26, 27) allen Polen gemeinsam zugeordnet und über eine mit einer Rückstromsperre (33) ausgerüstete Leitung (31,32) mit jedem der Pole (P1, P2, P3) verbunden ist.
  5. Auslöser nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte bewegliche Element (26) mit einem Sammelraum (32) verbunden ist, der allen Polen (P1, P2, P3) gemeinsam zugeordnet und über eine mit einer Rückstromsperre (33) ausgerüstete Leitung (31) mit der Trennzone der Kontakte (11, 12) jedes einzelnen Pols (P1, P2, P3) verbunden ist.
  6. Auslöser nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Fehlererfassungsglied ein vom Strom durchflossenes und eine Auslösewelle (23) beaufschlagendes thermisches Element (24) und/oder elektromagnetisches Element (25) umfaßt und daß das genannte Betätigungsorgan (26, 27) die gleiche Auslösewelle (23) beaufschlagt, wobei die Wirkung des Fehlererfassungsglieds in Bezug auf die Wirkung des Betätigungsorgans zeitlich verzögert ist, um eine selektive Auslösung zu gewährleisten.
  7. Auslöser nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fehlererfassungsglied einen Stromwandler umfaßt, der eine elektronische Signalverarbeitungsschaltung mit Fehlersignalen beaufschlagt, wobei die genannte Schaltung bei Überschreitung bestimmter Schwellwerte einen Befehl zur Auslösung des Leistungsschalters an ein polarisiertes Relais (34) weiterleitet, und daß die Wirkung des polarisierten Relais (34) in Bezug auf die Wirkung des Betätigungsorgans (26, 27) zeitlich verzögert ist.
EP91420127A 1990-05-04 1991-04-15 Momentauslöser für einen Schalter Expired - Lifetime EP0455564B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9005870A FR2661776B1 (fr) 1990-05-04 1990-05-04 Declencheur instantane d'un disjoncteur.
FR9005870 1990-05-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0455564A1 EP0455564A1 (de) 1991-11-06
EP0455564B1 true EP0455564B1 (de) 1995-06-21

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Family Applications (1)

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EP91420127A Expired - Lifetime EP0455564B1 (de) 1990-05-04 1991-04-15 Momentauslöser für einen Schalter

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US5103198A (de)
EP (1) EP0455564B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3004387B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1047256C (de)
BR (1) BR9101760A (de)
CA (1) CA2040863C (de)
DE (1) DE69110540T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2075948T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2661776B1 (de)
HK (1) HK1006890A1 (de)
PT (1) PT97556B (de)
TW (1) TW208756B (de)
ZA (1) ZA913343B (de)

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EP2081202A2 (de) 2008-01-16 2009-07-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltgerät, insbesondere Leistungsschaltgerät
DE102008049998A1 (de) 2008-09-30 2010-04-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrischer Schalter mit Druckerfassungsglied
DE102009010227A1 (de) 2009-02-24 2010-08-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung
DE102009010229A1 (de) 2009-02-24 2010-08-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung
DE102009010900A1 (de) 2009-02-27 2010-09-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung
WO2010112420A1 (de) 2009-03-31 2010-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische schaltanordnung
DE102009015222A1 (de) 2009-03-31 2010-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung

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DE19522603A1 (de) * 1995-06-19 1997-01-09 Siemens Ag Schutzeinrichtung gegen Überlastung der Schaltkontakte eines Schaltgerätes
DE19526592C2 (de) * 1995-07-21 1999-04-15 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrischer Schalter, insbesondere Leitungsschutzschalter
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EP2081202A2 (de) 2008-01-16 2009-07-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltgerät, insbesondere Leistungsschaltgerät
DE102008005101A1 (de) 2008-01-16 2009-07-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltgerät, insbesondere Leistungsschaltgerät
US8063334B2 (en) 2008-01-16 2011-11-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switching device, in particular power switching device
DE102008049998A1 (de) 2008-09-30 2010-04-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrischer Schalter mit Druckerfassungsglied
DE102009010227A1 (de) 2009-02-24 2010-08-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung
DE102009010229A1 (de) 2009-02-24 2010-08-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung
DE102009010900A1 (de) 2009-02-27 2010-09-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung
WO2010112420A1 (de) 2009-03-31 2010-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische schaltanordnung
DE102009015222A1 (de) 2009-03-31 2010-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung
DE102009015126A1 (de) 2009-03-31 2010-10-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung
US8553385B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2013-10-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Release for an electric switching arrangement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW208756B (de) 1993-07-01
HK1006890A1 (en) 1999-03-19
US5103198A (en) 1992-04-07
CA2040863A1 (en) 1991-11-05
FR2661776A1 (fr) 1991-11-08
PT97556B (pt) 1999-04-30
FR2661776B1 (fr) 1996-05-10
ZA913343B (en) 1992-02-26
CN1056374A (zh) 1991-11-20
EP0455564A1 (de) 1991-11-06
CA2040863C (en) 2000-06-13
JP3004387B2 (ja) 2000-01-31
CN1047256C (zh) 1999-12-08
ES2075948T3 (es) 1995-10-16
DE69110540T2 (de) 1996-02-29
JPH04229524A (ja) 1992-08-19
PT97556A (pt) 1993-05-31
BR9101760A (pt) 1991-12-17
DE69110540D1 (de) 1995-07-27

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