EP0455182A2 - Locking device for a switch point - Google Patents
Locking device for a switch point Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0455182A2 EP0455182A2 EP91106882A EP91106882A EP0455182A2 EP 0455182 A2 EP0455182 A2 EP 0455182A2 EP 91106882 A EP91106882 A EP 91106882A EP 91106882 A EP91106882 A EP 91106882A EP 0455182 A2 EP0455182 A2 EP 0455182A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switch tongue
- shaft
- rail
- closure element
- locking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
- B61L5/10—Locking mechanisms for points; Means for indicating the setting of points
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for locking a switch tongue with a stock rail comprising a starting piece from the stock rail, which can be pushed through by a sliding element such as a push rod and an interacting locking element such as a locking clip, which in turn with the with its rail foot on a base such as
- the sliding chair which can be supported and is displaceably connected on this displaceable switch tongue is pivotable in such a way that the closure element can be pivoted about an axis running in the longitudinal direction of the switch tongue, preferably above the rail foot, with the closure element between the sliding element and the closure piece being able to be fixed in a support region running beneath the stock rail foot when the switch tongue is in contact is and wherein the fixing can be effected by a resultant force extending between the support region and the axis.
- the pivot axis of the lock clamp runs below the base of the stock rail, so that in the locked position approximately a force component running parallel to the sliding chair acts on the switch tongue, by means of which the contact is ensured. Since the pivot point of the clamp runs below the rail foot, the tongue is twisted at the same time, which leads to a gaping between the stock rail and the switch tongue. This twisting becomes greater the stronger the force is applied. The switch tongue is not held down with this type of force application without additional aids.
- the resultant force causing the switch tongue to rest on the stock rail, which runs between the axis and the support of the locking clip running below the base of the back rail, runs in such a way that the vertical force component of the base on which the switch tongue is pushed back and forth into such a large size Distance from the rail foot cuts that the greater the resultant force, that is, the more the locking clip pulls the switch tongue towards the stock rail, the more the switch tongue is tilted, that is, a gap between it and the stock rail gapes.
- the object of the present invention is to develop a device of the type described at the outset for locking a switch tongue in such a way that twisting of the switch tongue in the adjacent position is prevented and at the same time the switch tongue is held down to the desired extent.
- both the rail foot on the sliding chair and the rail head should be pressed against the stock rail.
- the lock should also be easy to move, with parts that are firmly connected to the rail or tongue being designed to be as light as possible in order to prevent high acceleration forces.
- the object is achieved on the one hand essentially in that the vertical force component of the resultant force cuts the rail foot or the pad in the immediate vicinity of the rail foot.
- the teaching according to the invention ensures that the vertical force component of the resultant forces prevents the switch tongue from tipping over, as a result of which, as in the prior art, there is a gap between the stock rail and the switch tongue.
- the force resultant should cut the transition area between the rail foot and the web of the switch tongue, which ensures that the components of the force resultant, on the one hand, the switch tongue in their rail foot region and, on the other hand, in their rail head region - namely the contact surface with the stock rail - Cut in such a way that on the one hand the rail foot is pressed onto the sliding chair and on the other hand the rail head is pressed against the stock rail.
- the component curve of the force vector that is preceded according to the invention is achieved in particular if the distance between the axis and the switch tongue is kept as small as possible.
- the distance between the axis of rotation and the facing surface of the web of the switch tongue is approximately equal to 0.94 times the height of the switch tongue in this area, the axis running approximately 0.56 times the height of the switch tongue above the sliding chair.
- the distance can be increased by up to 50 mm or reduced by up to 20 mm.
- the distance to the sliding chair can vary by ⁇ 20 mm.
- the measures according to the invention ensure that the switch tongue in the locked position cannot be tilted, that is to say can be rotated, even when a high force is applied, and at the same time a secure hold down on the base, that is to say the sliding chair, is ensured without additional aids.
- the locking element like the locking clip, starts from a shaft and is displaceable along it, which in turn forms a rigid unit with the switch tongue.
- an elastic bushing can also be arranged between the section and the shaft, in order to be able to cushion the closure element, that is to say the closure clip.
- the region of the closure element interacting with the sliding element can be designed as a sliding element such as a sliding head.
- a possible embodiment is a sliding roller.
- a section of a switch is shown, in which switch tongues (12), (14) which can be supported on documents such as sliding chairs (11) and which can be pushed back and forth on them, optionally with a associated stock rail (16) or (18) should be locked or opened to this.
- the clamp closures used for this purpose comprise a closure piece (20) or (22) starting from the stock rail, which has a rectangular opening (24), on the one hand from a push rod (26) or (28) and on the other hand from a section of one Locking clip (30) or (32) is penetrated.
- the rectangular opening (24) has on the side facing away from the stock rail (16) or (18) an extension formed by a bevel (34) which interacts with a corresponding section (36) of the locking clip (30) when the Turnout tongue (12) locked, that is to rest against the stock rail (16).
- the area on the slope (34) and the section (36) lying on top of one another can be referred to as the support area (35).
- the locking clip (30) also has a projection (38) which extends in the direction of the push rod (26) and which then penetrates into a correspondingly adapted recess (40) in the push rod (26) when the switch tongue (12) spaced from the stock rail (16), that is to say to be opened, by pushing the push rod (26) to the right or the push rod (28) to the left.
- An open position is shown in the right part of FIG. 1.
- the push rods (26) and (28) have the same geometry and are preferably connected via an insulating piece (42), with adjustability via elongated holes in a known manner in order to be able to adjust the spacing.
- closure clip (30) or (32) is connected in an articulated manner to a clip receptacle (44) or (46) in the manner described below, only the closure clip (30) being discussed for reasons of clarity.
- closure clip (32) with the clip receptacle (46) and the other elements has the same construction.
- the clamp receptacle (44) starts from the rail foot (48) of the switch tongue (12) facing away from the stock rail (16) and has a shaft (50) running above the rail foot (48), which runs over the cheeks of the clamp receptacle (46 ) is held.
- the shaft (50) forms the axis of rotation (52) for the locking clip (30), ie it lies above the rail foot (48) of the switch tongue (12).
- the locking clip (30) has an L-shape, the short leg (54) surrounding the shaft (50) with a section (56). There is also an elastic bushing (58) between the section (56) and the shaft (50).
- the length dimension of the section (56) and the bushing (58) is less than the free length of the shaft (50), so that the locking clip (30) along the shaft (50) can hike.
- the elastic bushing (58) also provides a cushioning of the locking clip (30).
- the long section (60) of the locking clip (30), which runs approximately parallel to the rail feet of the stock rail (16) or the switch tongue (12), has the oblique section (36) required for the fixing. and the projection (38).
- the section (38) of the locking clip (30) guided along the push rod (26) can be designed as a sliding head or roller (39) in order to achieve smooth operation. This can at the same time achieve the advantage that the amount of lubricant to be used is reduced.
- FIG. 6 shows the force vector causing the locking or the resultant force (62) and its components (64) and (66) again to illustrate the teaching according to the invention.
- the force vector (62) runs between the axis (52) about which the locking clip (30) can be pivoted and the support area (35) between the geometrically adapted bevels (34) and (36) of the locking piece (20) and the locking clip (30).
- the size and direction of the vector (62) between the axis (52) and the support region (35) are selected such that the vertical force component (64) intersects or at least runs in the vicinity of the base (68) of the switch tongue (12) this ensures that the switch tongue (12) cannot tip regardless of the size of the force introduced via the locking clip (30).
- the axis (52) must be brought close to the switch tongue.
- the distance B of the axis (52) from the facing surface (74) of the web (76) of the switch tongue (12) is preferably 0.94 times the height of the switch tongue (12).
- the axis (52) is furthermore at a distance H above the surface of the base (11), the distance H preferably corresponding to 0.56 times the distance B.
- the distance can be increased by up to 50 mm or reduced by up to 20 mm.
- the distance to the sliding chair can vary by ⁇ 20 mm.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
- Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Tumbler Switches (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Verriegeln einer Weichenzunge mit einer Backenschiene umfassend ein von der Backenschiene ausgehendes Verschlußstück, das von einem Schiebelement wie Schiebestange und einem mit diesem wechselwirkenden Verschlußelement wie Verschlußklammer durchsetzbar ist, die ihrerseits mit der mit ihrem Schienenfuß auf einer Unterlage wie Gleitstuhl abstützbaren und auf dieser verschiebbaren Weichenzunge derart gelenkig verbunden ist, daß das Verschlußelement um eine in Längsrichtung der Weichenzunge verlaufende, vorzugsweise oberhalb des Schienenfußes verlaufenden Achse schwenkbar ist, wobei bei anliegender Weichenzunge das Verschlußelement zwischen Schiebeelement und Verschlußstück in einem unterhalb des Backenschienenfußes verlaufenden Abstützbereichs festlegbar ist und wobei das Festlegen durch eine zwischen dem Abstützbereich und der Achse verlaufenden Kraftresultierenden bewirkbar ist.The invention relates to a device for locking a switch tongue with a stock rail comprising a starting piece from the stock rail, which can be pushed through by a sliding element such as a push rod and an interacting locking element such as a locking clip, which in turn with the with its rail foot on a base such as The sliding chair which can be supported and is displaceably connected on this displaceable switch tongue is pivotable in such a way that the closure element can be pivoted about an axis running in the longitudinal direction of the switch tongue, preferably above the rail foot, with the closure element between the sliding element and the closure piece being able to be fixed in a support region running beneath the stock rail foot when the switch tongue is in contact is and wherein the fixing can be effected by a resultant force extending between the support region and the axis.
Bei einem üblichen Klammerverschluß verläuft die Schwenkachse der Verschlußklammer unterhalb des Backenschienenfußes, so daß bei verriegelter Stellung in etwa eine parallel zum Gleitstuhl verlaufende Kraftkomponente auf die Weichenzunge wirkt, durch die das Anliegen sichergestellt wird. Da der Drehpunkt der Klammer unterhalb des Schienenfußes verläuft, wird gleichzeitig ein Verdrehen der Zunge hervorgerufen, daß zu einem Auseinanderklaffen zwischen Backenschiene und Weichenzunge führt. Dieses Verdrehen wird umso größer, je stärker die Krafteinleitung ist. Auch wird die Weichenzunge bei dieser Art der Krafteinleitung ohne zusätzliche Hilfsmittel nicht niedergehalten.In the case of a conventional clamp lock, the pivot axis of the lock clamp runs below the base of the stock rail, so that in the locked position approximately a force component running parallel to the sliding chair acts on the switch tongue, by means of which the contact is ensured. Since the pivot point of the clamp runs below the rail foot, the tongue is twisted at the same time, which leads to a gaping between the stock rail and the switch tongue. This twisting becomes greater the stronger the force is applied. The switch tongue is not held down with this type of force application without additional aids.
Aus der US-A 4,921,189 (= EP-A 0 320 636) ist eine Weichenverriegelung bekannt, bei der eine L-förmig ausgebildete Verschlußklammer oberhalb des Schienenfußes der Weichenzunge verläuft. Die das Anliegen der Weichenzunge an der Backenschiene bewirkende Kraftresultierende, die zwischen der Achse und des unterhalb des Backenschinenfußes verlaufenden Abstützung der Verschlußklammer verläuft, verläuft dabei so, daß die vertikale Kraftkomponente die Unterlage, auf der die Weichenzunge hin und hergeschoben wird, in einen so großen Abstand von dem Schienenfuß schneidet, daß je größer die Kraftresultierende ist, also je stärker die Verschlußklammer die Weichenzunge zur Backenschiene hin zieht, um so mehr die Weichenzunge gekippt wird, also ein Spalt zwischen dieser und der Backenschiene klafft.A switch lock is known from US Pat. No. 4,921,189 (= EP-A 0 320 636), in which an L-shaped locking clip runs above the rail foot of the switch tongue. The resultant force causing the switch tongue to rest on the stock rail, which runs between the axis and the support of the locking clip running below the base of the back rail, runs in such a way that the vertical force component of the base on which the switch tongue is pushed back and forth into such a large size Distance from the rail foot cuts that the greater the resultant force, that is, the more the locking clip pulls the switch tongue towards the stock rail, the more the switch tongue is tilted, that is, a gap between it and the stock rail gapes.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art zum Verriegeln einer Weichenzunge so weiterzubilden, daß ein Verdrehen der Weichenzunge bei anliegender Stellung ausgeschlossen und gleichzeitig die Weichenzunge im gewünschten Umfang niedergehalten wird. Mit anderen Worten soll bei einer Weiche sowohl der Schienenfuß auf den Gleitstuhl als auch der Schienenkopf gegen die Backenschiene gedrückt werden.The object of the present invention is to develop a device of the type described at the outset for locking a switch tongue in such a way that twisting of the switch tongue in the adjacent position is prevented and at the same time the switch tongue is held down to the desired extent. In other words, with a switch, both the rail foot on the sliding chair and the rail head should be pressed against the stock rail.
Auch soll eine Leichtgängigkeit des Verschlusses gewährleistet sein, wobei Teile, die fest mit der Schiene oder der Zunge verbunden sind, so leicht wie möglich ausgeführt sein sollen, um hohe Beschleunigungskräfte zu verhindern.The lock should also be easy to move, with parts that are firmly connected to the rail or tongue being designed to be as light as possible in order to prevent high acceleration forces.
Ferner soll ein Verkanten bzw. Verklemmen der Weichenzunge gegenüber der Backenschiene vermieden werden.Tilting or jamming of the switch tongue with respect to the stock rail should also be avoided.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß einerseits im wesentlichen dadurch gelöst, daß die vertikale Kraftkomponente der Kraftresultierenden den Schienenfuß oder die Unterlage in unmittelbarer Nähe des Schienenfußes schneidet.The object is achieved on the one hand essentially in that the vertical force component of the resultant force cuts the rail foot or the pad in the immediate vicinity of the rail foot.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lehre ist sichergestellt, daß die vertikale Kraftkomponente der Kraftresultierenden ein Kippen der Weichenzunge verhindert, wodurch andernfallswie beim Stand der Technik - ein Spalt zwischen Backenschiene und Weichenzunge klafft.The teaching according to the invention ensures that the vertical force component of the resultant forces prevents the switch tongue from tipping over, as a result of which, as in the prior art, there is a gap between the stock rail and the switch tongue.
Dieses Vermeiden eines Kippens wird verständlicherweise nicht nur dann verhindert, wenn die vertikale Kraftkomponente den Schienenfuß der Weichenzunge schneidet, sondern auch dann, wenn die Kraftkomponente die Unterlage in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft zum Schienenfuß schneidet.This avoidance of tilting is understandably prevented not only when the vertical force component cuts the rail base of the switch tongue, but also when the force component cuts the base in the immediate vicinity of the rail base.
Insbesondere sollte die Kraftresultierende den Übergangsbereich zwischen Schienenfuß und Steg der Weichenzunge schneiden, woduch sichergestellt ist, daß die Komponenten der Kraftresultierenden einerseits die Weichenzunge in ihrem Schienenfußbereich und andererseits in ihrem Schienenkopfbereich - und zwar der Anlagefläche zur Backenschiene - derart schneiden, daß einerseits der Schienenfuß auf den Gleitstuhl und andererseits der Schienenkopf gegen die Backenschiene gedrückt werden.In particular, the force resultant should cut the transition area between the rail foot and the web of the switch tongue, which ensures that the components of the force resultant, on the one hand, the switch tongue in their rail foot region and, on the other hand, in their rail head region - namely the contact surface with the stock rail - Cut in such a way that on the one hand the rail foot is pressed onto the sliding chair and on the other hand the rail head is pressed against the stock rail.
Der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlangene Komponentenverlauf des Kraftvektors wird insbesondere dann erreicht, wenn der Abstand zwischen der Achse und der Weichenzunge möglichst klein gehalten wird. Vorzugsweise ist der Abstand zwischen Drehachse und zugewandter Fläche des Stegs der Weichenzunge in etwa gleich dem 0,94-fachen der Weichenzungenhöhe in diesem Bereich, wobei die Achse etwa das 0,56-fache der Weichenzungenhöhe oberhalb des Gleitstuhls verläuft. Dabei kann der Abstand gegebenenfalls bis um 50 mm vergrößert bzw. bis um 20 mm verkleinert werden. Der Abstand zum Gleitstuhl kann um ± 20 mm variieren. Diese Zahlenangaben gelten grundsätzlich für UIC-Schienen einer Höhe von 120 mm.The component curve of the force vector that is preceded according to the invention is achieved in particular if the distance between the axis and the switch tongue is kept as small as possible. The distance between the axis of rotation and the facing surface of the web of the switch tongue is approximately equal to 0.94 times the height of the switch tongue in this area, the axis running approximately 0.56 times the height of the switch tongue above the sliding chair. The distance can be increased by up to 50 mm or reduced by up to 20 mm. The distance to the sliding chair can vary by ± 20 mm. These figures generally apply to UIC rails with a height of 120 mm.
Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen ist sichergestellt, daß die Weichenzunge in verriegelter Stellung auch bei hoher Krafteinleitung nicht gekippt, also verdreht werden kann, wobei gleichzeitig ohne zusätzliche Hilfsmittel ein sicheres Niederhalten auf der Unterlage, also dem Gleitstuhl gewährleistet ist.The measures according to the invention ensure that the switch tongue in the locked position cannot be tilted, that is to say can be rotated, even when a high force is applied, and at the same time a secure hold down on the base, that is to say the sliding chair, is ensured without additional aids.
Um ein Verkanten bzw. Verklemmen der Weichenzunge gegenüber der Backenschiene auszuschließen, ist nach einem selbständigen Lösungsvorschlag vorgesehen, daß das Verschlußelement wie Verschlußklammer von einer Welle ausgeht und entlang dieser verschiebbar ist, die ihrerseits eine starre Einheit mit der Weichenzunge bildet. Durch diese Maßnahmen ist ein Wandern des Verschlußelementes entlang der Welle möglich, wodurch das insbesondere bei Temperaturänderungen auftretende Verkanten bzw. Verklemmen des Verschlußelementes gegenüber der Weichenzunge ausgeschlossen ist, wodurch sich andernfalls eine Selbsthemmung ergäbe.In order to exclude jamming or jamming of the switch tongue with respect to the stock rail, it is provided according to an independent solution that the locking element, like the locking clip, starts from a shaft and is displaceable along it, which in turn forms a rigid unit with the switch tongue. These measures allow the closure element to move along the shaft, thereby preventing the closure element from tilting or jamming in relation to the switch tongue, particularly when the temperature changes. which would otherwise result in self-locking.
In Ausgestaltung kann desweiteren zwischen dem Abschnitt und der Welle eine elastische Buchse angeordnet sein, um so das Verschlußelement, also die Verschlußklammer abfedern zu können.In an embodiment, an elastic bushing can also be arranged between the section and the shaft, in order to be able to cushion the closure element, that is to say the closure clip.
Durch diese konstruktiven Maßnahmen ist zum einen eine Längswanderung der Verschlußklammer und zum anderen eine Dämpfung dieser gewährleistet, so daß die schwingenden Massen minimiert werden.These constructive measures ensure, on the one hand, a longitudinal migration of the locking clip and, on the other hand, damping it, so that the vibrating masses are minimized.
Um eine Leichtgängigkeit zu bewirken und um gleichzeitig den Einsatz von Schmierstoffen so gering wie möglich zu halten, kann der mit dem Schiebeelement wechselwirkende Bereich des Verschlußelementes als Gleitelement wie Gleitkopf ausgebildet sein. Eine mögliche Ausführungsform stellt dabei eine Gleitrolle dar.In order to make it run smoothly and at the same time to keep the use of lubricants as low as possible, the region of the closure element interacting with the sliding element can be designed as a sliding element such as a sliding head. A possible embodiment is a sliding roller.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich nicht nur aus den Ansprüchen, den diesen zu entnehmenden Merkmalen -für sich und/oder in Kombination-, sondern auch aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines der Zeichnung zu entnehmenden bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels.Further details, advantages and features of the invention result not only from the claims, the features to be extracted from them - by themselves and / or in combination - but also from the following description of a preferred embodiment to be taken from the drawing.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Schnittdarstellung durch eine Weiche,
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht der der Fig. 1 zu entnehmenden Elemente, durch die ein Verschließen der Weiche bewirkt wird,
- Fig. 3
- eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Klammerverschlusses,
- Fig. 4
- eine Draufsicht der den Klammerverschluß bildenden Elemente,
- Fig. 5
- eine Ansicht aus Richtung A in Fig. 3 und
- Fig. 6
- eine verriegelte Weiche mit den wirkenden Kraftvektoren.
- Fig. 1
- a sectional view through a switch,
- Fig. 2
- 1 shows a plan view of the elements to be removed from FIG. 1, by means of which the switch is closed,
- Fig. 3
- an enlarged view of a clamp closure,
- Fig. 4
- a plan view of the elements forming the clip closure,
- Fig. 5
- a view from direction A in Fig. 3 and
- Fig. 6
- a locked switch with the acting force vectors.
In den Figuren, in denen gleiche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind, ist ein Ausschnitt aus einer Weiche dargestellt, bei der auf Unterlagen wie Gleitstühlen (11) abstützbare und auf diesen hin- und herschiebbare Weichenzungen (12), (14) wahlweise mit einer zugeordneten Backenschiene (16) bzw. (18) verriegelt oder zu dieser aufgeschlagen sein sollen. Die hierzu benutzten Klammerverschlüsse umfassen ein von der Backenschiene ausgehendes Verschlußstück (20) bzw. (22), das eine rechteckförmige Durchbrechung (24) aufweist, die zum einen von einer Schiebestange (26) bzw. (28) und zum anderen von einem Abschnitt einer Verschlußklammer (30) bzw. (32) durchsetzt ist. Die rechteckförmige Durchbrechung (24) weist auf der der Backenschiene (16) bzw. (18) abgewandten Seite eine durch eine Schräge (34) gebildete Erweiterung auf, die mit einem entsprechenden Abschnitt (36) der Verschlußklammer (30) dann wechselwirkt, wenn die Weichenzunge (12) verriegelt, also an der Backenschiene (16) anliegen soll. Der aufeinanderliegende Bereich von der Schräge (34) und dem Abschnitt (36) ist als Abstützbereich (35) zu bezeichnen.In the figures, in which the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals, a section of a switch is shown, in which switch tongues (12), (14) which can be supported on documents such as sliding chairs (11) and which can be pushed back and forth on them, optionally with a associated stock rail (16) or (18) should be locked or opened to this. The clamp closures used for this purpose comprise a closure piece (20) or (22) starting from the stock rail, which has a rectangular opening (24), on the one hand from a push rod (26) or (28) and on the other hand from a section of one Locking clip (30) or (32) is penetrated. The rectangular opening (24) has on the side facing away from the stock rail (16) or (18) an extension formed by a bevel (34) which interacts with a corresponding section (36) of the locking clip (30) when the Turnout tongue (12) locked, that is to rest against the stock rail (16). The area on the slope (34) and the section (36) lying on top of one another can be referred to as the support area (35).
Bekannterweise weist die Verschlußklammer (30) desweiteren einen in Richtung der Schiebestange (26) sich erstreckenden Vorsprung (38) auf, der dann in eine entsprechend angepaßte Aussparung (40) der Schiebestange (26) eindringt, wenn die Weichenzunge (12) zu der Backenschiene (16) beabstandet, also aufgeschlagen werden soll, indem die Schiebestange (26) nach rechts bzw. die Schiebestange (28) nach links verschoben wird. Eine aufgeschlagene Stellung ist im rechten Teil der Fig. 1 wiedergegeben.As is known, the locking clip (30) also has a projection (38) which extends in the direction of the push rod (26) and which then penetrates into a correspondingly adapted recess (40) in the push rod (26) when the switch tongue (12) spaced from the stock rail (16), that is to say to be opened, by pushing the push rod (26) to the right or the push rod (28) to the left. An open position is shown in the right part of FIG. 1.
Die Schiebestangen (26) und (28) sind in ihrer Geometrie gleich ausgebildet und über vorzugsweise ein Isolierstück (42) verbunden, wobei in bekannter Weise eine Verstellbarkeit über Langlöcher erfolgt, um so eine abstandsmäßige Anpassung vornehmen zu können.The push rods (26) and (28) have the same geometry and are preferably connected via an insulating piece (42), with adjustability via elongated holes in a known manner in order to be able to adjust the spacing.
Die Verschlußklammer (30) bzw. (32) ist gelenkig mit einer Klammeraufnahme (44) bzw. (46) in der nachstehend beschriebenen Art verbunden, wobei aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nur auf die Verschlußklammer (30) eingegangen wird. Den gleichen konstruktiven Aufbau weist jedoch auch die Verschlußklammer (32) mit der Klammeraufnahme (46) und den übrigen Elementen auf.The closure clip (30) or (32) is connected in an articulated manner to a clip receptacle (44) or (46) in the manner described below, only the closure clip (30) being discussed for reasons of clarity. However, the closure clip (32) with the clip receptacle (46) and the other elements has the same construction.
Die Klammeraufnahme (44) geht von dem der Backenschiene (16) abgewandten Schienenfuß (48) der Weichenzunge (12) aus und weist eine oberhalb des Schienenfußes (48) verlaufende Welle (50) auf, die über nicht näher bezeichnete Wangen der Klammeraufnahme (46) gehalten wird. Die Welle (50) bildet die Drehachse (52) für die Verschlußklammer (30), liegt also oberhalb des Schienenfußes (48) der Weichenzunge (12). Infolgedessen weist die Verschlußklammer (30) eine L-Form auf, wobei der kurze Schenkel (54) mit einem Abschnitt (56) die Welle (50) umgibt. Zwischen dem Abschnitt (56) und der Welle (50) befindet sich desweiteren eine elastische Buchse (58).The clamp receptacle (44) starts from the rail foot (48) of the switch tongue (12) facing away from the stock rail (16) and has a shaft (50) running above the rail foot (48), which runs over the cheeks of the clamp receptacle (46 ) is held. The shaft (50) forms the axis of rotation (52) for the locking clip (30), ie it lies above the rail foot (48) of the switch tongue (12). As a result, the locking clip (30) has an L-shape, the short leg (54) surrounding the shaft (50) with a section (56). There is also an elastic bushing (58) between the section (56) and the shaft (50).
Die Längenabmessung des Abschnitts (56) und der Buchse (58) ist dabei geringer als die freie Länge der Welle (50), so daß die Verschlußklammer (30) entlang der Welle (50) wandern kann. Durch die elastische Buchse (58) erfolgt desweiteren eine Abfederung der Verschlußklammer (30).The length dimension of the section (56) and the bushing (58) is less than the free length of the shaft (50), so that the locking clip (30) along the shaft (50) can hike. The elastic bushing (58) also provides a cushioning of the locking clip (30).
Wie insbesondere die Fig.3 verdeutlicht, weist der in etwa parallel zu den Schienenfüßen der Backenschiene (16) bzw. der Weichenzunge (12) verlaufende lange Abschnitt (60) der Verschlußklammer (30) den für die Festlegung erforderlichen schräg verlaufenden Abschnitt (36) sowie den Vorsprung (38) auf. Dabei kann der auf der Schiebestange (26) entlanggeführte Abschnitt (38) der Verschlußklammer (30) als Gleitkopf oder -rolle (39) ausgebildet sein, um eine Leichtgängigkeit zu erzielen. Hierdurch kann gleichzeitig der Vorteil erreicht werden, daß die Menge des zu verwendenden Gleitmittels verringert wird.As is particularly illustrated in FIG. 3, the long section (60) of the locking clip (30), which runs approximately parallel to the rail feet of the stock rail (16) or the switch tongue (12), has the oblique section (36) required for the fixing. and the projection (38). The section (38) of the locking clip (30) guided along the push rod (26) can be designed as a sliding head or roller (39) in order to achieve smooth operation. This can at the same time achieve the advantage that the amount of lubricant to be used is reduced.
Dadurch, daß die Schwenkachse (52) der Verschlußklammer (30) oberhalb des Schienenfußes (48) verläuft, ergibt sich ein Kraftvektor bzw. eine Kraftresultierende bei anliegender Weichenzunge (12), der in der Zeichnung durch den Pfeil (62) angedeutet ist, durch den ein Verdrehen der Weichenzunge zu der Backenschiene ausgeschlossen und gleichzeitig ein sicheres Niederhalten der Weichenzunge (12) ohne zusätzliche Hilfsmittel sichergestellt ist.The fact that the pivot axis (52) of the locking clip (30) extends above the rail foot (48) results in a force vector or a force resultant when the switch tongue (12) is in contact, which is indicated in the drawing by the arrow (62) which prevents the switch tongue from twisting relative to the stock rail and at the same time ensures that the switch tongue (12) is held down safely without additional aids.
In Fig.6 ist der das Verriegeln bewirkende Kraftvektor bzw. die Kraftresultierende (62) und deren Komponenten (64) und (66) noch einmal dargestellt, um die erfindungsgemäße Lehre zu verdeutlichen.FIG. 6 shows the force vector causing the locking or the resultant force (62) and its components (64) and (66) again to illustrate the teaching according to the invention.
Der Kraftvektor (62) verläuft bei verriegelter Weichenzunge (12) zwischen der Achse (52), um die die Verschlußklammer (30) schwenkbar ist, und dem Abstützbereich (35) zwischen den geometrisch angepaßten Schrägen (34) und (36) von dem Verschlußstück (20) und der Verschlußklammer (30). Größe und Richtung des Vektors (62) zwischen der Achse (52) und dem Abstützbereich (35) sind so gewählt, daß die vertikale Kraftkomponente (64) den Fuß (68) der Weichenzunge (12) schneidet oder zumindest in dessen Nähe verläuft, so daß hierdurch sichergestellt ist, daß die Weichenzunge (12) unabhängig von der Größe der über die Verschlußklammer (30) eingeleiteten Kraft nicht kippen kann. Die weitere Komponente (66), die sich mit der vertikalen Komponente (64) zu der Kraftresultierenden oder dem Kraftvektor (62) addiert, schneidet die Berührungsflächen (70) und (72) von der Weichenzunge (12) und der Backenschiene senkrecht.When the switch tongue (12) is locked, the force vector (62) runs between the axis (52) about which the locking clip (30) can be pivoted and the support area (35) between the geometrically adapted bevels (34) and (36) of the locking piece (20) and the locking clip (30). The size and direction of the vector (62) between the axis (52) and the support region (35) are selected such that the vertical force component (64) intersects or at least runs in the vicinity of the base (68) of the switch tongue (12) this ensures that the switch tongue (12) cannot tip regardless of the size of the force introduced via the locking clip (30). The further component (66), which adds up with the vertical component (64) to the resultant force or the force vector (62), intersects the contact surfaces (70) and (72) from the switch tongue (12) and the stock rail perpendicularly.
Damit die vertikale Komponente (64), die die Unterlage oder den Gleitstuhl senkrecht durchsetzt, den Schienenfuß (68) unmittelbar schneidet oder in dessen Nähe verläuft, muß die Achse (52) nah an die Weichenzunge herangebracht werden. Vorzugsweise beträgt dabei der Abstand B der Achse (52) von der zugewandten Fläche (74) des Stegs (76) der Weichenzunge (12) das 0,94-fache der Höhe der Weichenzunge (12). Die Achse (52) liegt des weiteren im Abstand H oberhalb der Oberfläche der Unterlage (11), wobei der Abstand H vorzugsweise dem 0,56-fachen des Abstands B entspricht. Dabei kann der Abstand gegebenenfalls bis um 50 mm vergrößert bzw. bis um 20 mm verkleinert werden. Der Abstand zum Gleitstuhl kann um ± 20 mm variieren. Diese Zahlenangaben gelten grundsätzlich für UIC-Schienen einer Höhe von 120 mm.So that the vertical component (64), which penetrates the base or the sliding chair vertically, cuts the rail foot (68) directly or runs in its vicinity, the axis (52) must be brought close to the switch tongue. The distance B of the axis (52) from the facing surface (74) of the web (76) of the switch tongue (12) is preferably 0.94 times the height of the switch tongue (12). The axis (52) is furthermore at a distance H above the surface of the base (11), the distance H preferably corresponding to 0.56 times the distance B. The distance can be increased by up to 50 mm or reduced by up to 20 mm. The distance to the sliding chair can vary by ± 20 mm. These figures generally apply to UIC rails with a height of 120 mm.
Weitere nicht näher beschriebene Elemente des erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Klammerverschlusses entsprechen denen, die auch von bisherigen Klammerverschlüssen bekannt sind, so daß auf deren Aufbau und Funktion nicht näher einzugehen ist. Abweichend sind jedoch im vorliegenden Fall sämtliche mit der Backenschiene (16) bzw. der Weichenzunge (12) verbundenen Teile so leicht wie möglich ausgeführt, um hohe Beschleunigungskräfte zu verhindern.Further elements of the clip closure designed according to the invention, which are not described in greater detail, correspond to those which are also known from previous clip closures, so that their structure and function need not be discussed in more detail. However, in the present case, all parts connected to the stock rail (16) or the switch tongue (12) are designed to be as light as possible in order to prevent high acceleration forces.
Claims (8)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die vertikale Kraftkomponente (64) der Kraftresultierenden (62) den Schienenfuß (68) oder die Unterlage (11) in unmittelbarer Nähe des Schienenfußes schneidet.Device for locking a switch tongue (12, 14) with a stock rail (16, 18) comprising a closure piece (20, 22) extending from the stock rail, which is provided by a slide element (26, 28) such as a push rod and a closure element (30 , 32) how the locking clip can be pushed through, which in turn is articulated with the rail foot (68) which can be supported on a base (11) such as a sliding chair and is displaceable on this switch tongue in such a way that the locking element extends above the Axle (52) running on the rail foot can be pivoted, the locking element between the sliding element and the locking piece being able to be fixed in a support region (35) running below the stock rail foot, and the fixing being effected by a resultant force (62) running between the region and the axis ,
characterized by
that the vertical force component (64) of the resultant force (62) the Rail foot (68) or the pad (11) cuts in the immediate vicinity of the rail foot.
dadurch gekennzeichnet
daß die Kraftresultierende (62) die Weichenzunge (12) im Übergangsbereich von Schienenfuß (68) und Schienensteg (76) schneidet.Device according to claim 1,
characterized
that the resultant force (62) cuts the switch tongue (12) in the transition region from the rail foot (68) and rail web (76).
dadurch gekennzeichnet
daß die Verschlußelementenaufnahme (44) eine Welle (50) aufweist, daß die Welle (50) von einem Abschnitt (56) des Verschlußelementes (30) umgeben ist und daß der Abschnitt (56) entlang der Well (50) verschiebbar ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the closure element (30) has an L-shape, the short leg (54) of which is connected in an articulated manner to a closure element receptacle (44) extending from the switch tongue (12),
characterized
that the closure element receptacle (44) has a shaft (50), that the shaft (50) is surrounded by a section (56) of the closure element (30) and that the section (56) is displaceable along the shaft (50).
dadurch gekennzeichnet
daß zwischen dem Abschnitt (56) und der Welle (50) eine elastische Buchse (58) angeordnet ist.Device according to claim 3,
characterized
that an elastic bushing (58) is arranged between the section (56) and the shaft (50).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Verschlußelementenaufnahme (44) eine Welle (50) aufweist, daß die Welle (50) von einem Abschnitt (56) des Verschlußelementes (30) umgeben ist und daß der Abschnitt (56) entlang der Welle (50) verschiebbar istDevice for locking a switch tongue (12, 14) with a stock rail (16, 18) comprising a closure piece (20, 22) extending from the stock rail, which is provided by a slide element (26, 28) such as a push rod and a closure element (30 , 32) how locking clip can be enforced, which in turn is so articulated with the switch tongue is connected that the closure element can be pivoted about an axis (52) extending in the longitudinal direction of the switch tongue, the closure element between the sliding element and the closure piece below the stock rail foot being fixable when the switch tongue is in contact, and the closure element (30) having an L-shape, the short of which Leg (54) is articulated to a closure element receptacle (44) extending from the switch tongue (12).
characterized,
that the closure element receptacle (44) has a shaft (50), that the shaft (50) is surrounded by a section (56) of the closure element (30) and that the section (56) is displaceable along the shaft (50)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwischen dem Abschnitt (56) und der Welle (50) eine elastische Buchse (58) angeordnet ist.Device according to claim 5,
characterized,
that an elastic bushing (58) is arranged between the section (56) and the shaft (50).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Schiebeelement (26) im mit dem Verschlußelement (30) wechselwirkenden Bereich (38) ein Gleitelement (39) wie Gleitkopf aufweist.Device according to at least claim 1,
characterized,
that the sliding element (26) in the region (38) interacting with the closure element (30) has a sliding element (39) such as a sliding head.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Gleitkopf eine Gleitrolle (39) ist.Device according to claim 7,
characterized,
that the slide head is a slide roller (39).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4014249 | 1990-05-04 | ||
| DE4014249A DE4014249A1 (en) | 1990-05-04 | 1990-05-04 | DEVICE FOR LOCKING A SWITCH TONGUE |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0455182A2 true EP0455182A2 (en) | 1991-11-06 |
| EP0455182A3 EP0455182A3 (en) | 1993-04-21 |
| EP0455182B1 EP0455182B1 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
Family
ID=6405662
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91106882A Expired - Lifetime EP0455182B1 (en) | 1990-05-04 | 1991-04-27 | Locking device for a switch point |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5222700A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0455182B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE117951T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2041821A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4014249A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0455182T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2070358T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3015550T3 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0624508A1 (en) * | 1993-05-10 | 1994-11-17 | Siemens Integra Verkehrstechnik Ag | Clamp lock for railway switches |
| DE4324883A1 (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1995-02-02 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Device for locking a points blade |
| WO1995003199A1 (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1995-02-02 | Bwg Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Device for locking a switch blade |
| EP0739804A2 (en) * | 1995-04-25 | 1996-10-30 | WBG Weichenwerk Brandenburg GmbH | Method and device for locking a switch blade |
| DE19515427A1 (en) * | 1995-04-26 | 1996-10-31 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Device for fixing the position of a second rail section adjustable to a first rail section |
| EP0818376A1 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1998-01-14 | TECNOLOGIE MECCANICHE s.r.l. | Switch locking device |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT136U1 (en) * | 1991-12-19 | 1995-03-27 | Alcatel Austria Ag | DEVICE FOR THE END LIMIT CHECK OF SWITCH TONGUES |
| DE9211520U1 (en) * | 1992-05-08 | 1993-09-09 | Bwg Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh, 35510 Butzbach | Expansion joint for a track part |
| DE4214756A1 (en) * | 1992-05-08 | 1993-12-02 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Expansion-joint for rail track |
| DE4214605A1 (en) * | 1992-05-08 | 1993-11-11 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Expansion joint on underlay for rail section - includes sliding tongue held against stock rail by clips |
| DE4315200C2 (en) * | 1993-05-07 | 2003-04-30 | Schwihag Gmbh | Crossbar with adjustment device for switch tongues |
| DE9317865U1 (en) * | 1993-11-23 | 1994-02-10 | Schreck-Mieves GmbH, 44225 Dortmund | Switching device for a switch tongue device |
| DE4405115A1 (en) * | 1994-02-17 | 1995-08-24 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Role setup |
| DE19502105C5 (en) * | 1995-01-24 | 2004-12-30 | Carl Dan. Peddinghaus Gmbh & Co Kg | Locking device for switch tongues |
| ES2124643B1 (en) * | 1995-01-26 | 1999-10-16 | Instalaciones Alfar Sa De | NEW PROVISION OF THE DEVIATION SAFETY MECHANISM, APPLICABLE IN CROSS-CUTTING HOLDS FOR MULTI-PURPOSE RAIL LINES. |
| DE19839551A1 (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-04-13 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Locking mechanism for railway points, comprises clamping cheeks and push rods joined by bolts, with safety washers between the work piece and the nut. |
| DE10000804A1 (en) * | 2000-01-11 | 2001-07-26 | Schreck Mieves Gmbh | Switch lock for switch tongues |
| DE102008060229A1 (en) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-07-09 | Schwihag Ag | Changeover device in railway turnouts |
| DE102009001971A1 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-07 | Cdp Bharat Forge Gmbh | Locking component for post-closing device, post-closing device and switch with post-closing device |
| JP5693294B2 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2015-04-01 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Bifurcation device and center-guided track system |
| ES2452472B1 (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2014-12-16 | Talleres Alegria, S.A. | ENCLOSURE DEVICE FOR MOBILE POINT HEARTS IN RAILWAY DEVICES |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR591252A (en) * | 1924-01-02 | 1925-07-01 | Forges De Persan Sa Des | Needle locks |
| DE2400628A1 (en) * | 1974-01-08 | 1975-07-17 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh | Railway switch points tongue clamp tip lock - has automatic tongue-setting change-compensating device incorporating slide bolt for hinge swivelling |
| FR2449161A1 (en) * | 1979-02-19 | 1980-09-12 | Embranchements Indl Const | Operation lever and wedge for railway track points - has inclined notches matching shape of end of connecting rod which is hinged to inside rail of points |
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| DE361444C (en) * | 1922-10-14 | Karl Gustav Stenberg | Switch tongue | |
| GB104412A (en) * | 1916-03-31 | 1917-03-08 | Railway Supplies Company Ltd | An Improved Device for Securing Points on Railways. |
| US1550117A (en) * | 1924-12-01 | 1925-08-18 | George W Smith | Safety lock for railway switches |
| CH358825A (en) * | 1958-05-09 | 1961-12-15 | Stin | Cuttable lace lock on railway switches |
| US3836771A (en) * | 1973-01-26 | 1974-09-17 | Berst P | Track switch with latch |
| DE2345184A1 (en) * | 1973-09-07 | 1975-03-27 | Peine Salzgitter Verkehr | Railway switch points tongue tip seal clamp - with hinged carrier and clamp shaft component bolted together |
| DE2352017A1 (en) * | 1973-10-17 | 1975-04-30 | Ruhrtaler Gesenkschmiede F W W | Clamp lock rail for point switches - has pivot with vertical axis and vertical clamp head engagement section |
| DE2450802A1 (en) * | 1974-10-25 | 1976-04-29 | Ruhrtaler Gesenkschmiede F W W | Railway switch points clamp tip locking mechanism - with inner and outer blocking cams to engage clamp head block faces |
| DE2635231A1 (en) * | 1976-08-05 | 1978-02-09 | Ruhrtaler Gesenkschmiede F W W | Bracket closure for switch points on rails - has slide rod movable lengthwise and lower part gripping rail in closed position |
| AT388198B (en) * | 1987-06-09 | 1989-05-10 | Voest Alpine Ag | SWITCH ACTUATOR |
| IT1213950B (en) * | 1987-12-16 | 1990-01-05 | Sasib Spa | UNIVERSAL EXTERNAL CHANGEOVER DEVICE FOR RAILWAY SWITCHES |
-
1990
- 1990-05-04 DE DE4014249A patent/DE4014249A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-04-27 AT AT91106882T patent/ATE117951T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-27 ES ES91106882T patent/ES2070358T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-27 DK DK91106882.3T patent/DK0455182T3/en active
- 1991-04-27 EP EP91106882A patent/EP0455182B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-27 DE DE59104455T patent/DE59104455D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-02 US US07/694,545 patent/US5222700A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-03 CA CA002041821A patent/CA2041821A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
1995
- 1995-03-28 GR GR950400726T patent/GR3015550T3/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR591252A (en) * | 1924-01-02 | 1925-07-01 | Forges De Persan Sa Des | Needle locks |
| DE2400628A1 (en) * | 1974-01-08 | 1975-07-17 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh | Railway switch points tongue clamp tip lock - has automatic tongue-setting change-compensating device incorporating slide bolt for hinge swivelling |
| FR2449161A1 (en) * | 1979-02-19 | 1980-09-12 | Embranchements Indl Const | Operation lever and wedge for railway track points - has inclined notches matching shape of end of connecting rod which is hinged to inside rail of points |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0624508A1 (en) * | 1993-05-10 | 1994-11-17 | Siemens Integra Verkehrstechnik Ag | Clamp lock for railway switches |
| DE4324883A1 (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1995-02-02 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Device for locking a points blade |
| WO1995003199A1 (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1995-02-02 | Bwg Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Device for locking a switch blade |
| EP0739804A2 (en) * | 1995-04-25 | 1996-10-30 | WBG Weichenwerk Brandenburg GmbH | Method and device for locking a switch blade |
| EP0739804A3 (en) * | 1995-04-25 | 1997-07-02 | Wbg Weichenwerk Brandenburg | Method and device for locking a switch blade |
| DE19515427A1 (en) * | 1995-04-26 | 1996-10-31 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Device for fixing the position of a second rail section adjustable to a first rail section |
| EP0818376A1 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1998-01-14 | TECNOLOGIE MECCANICHE s.r.l. | Switch locking device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2070358T3 (en) | 1995-06-01 |
| CA2041821A1 (en) | 1991-11-05 |
| DE4014249A1 (en) | 1991-11-07 |
| US5222700A (en) | 1993-06-29 |
| DK0455182T3 (en) | 1995-06-12 |
| ATE117951T1 (en) | 1995-02-15 |
| EP0455182A3 (en) | 1993-04-21 |
| DE59104455D1 (en) | 1995-03-16 |
| GR3015550T3 (en) | 1995-06-30 |
| EP0455182B1 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
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