EP0443314B1 - Waste sorting installation - Google Patents
Waste sorting installation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0443314B1 EP0443314B1 EP91100217A EP91100217A EP0443314B1 EP 0443314 B1 EP0443314 B1 EP 0443314B1 EP 91100217 A EP91100217 A EP 91100217A EP 91100217 A EP91100217 A EP 91100217A EP 0443314 B1 EP0443314 B1 EP 0443314B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- waste
- conveying device
- openings
- installation according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 14
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010782 bulky waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 rags Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B15/00—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
- B08B15/02—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area using chambers or hoods covering the area
Definitions
- the invention relates to a waste sorting system with an enclosed area which is penetrated by a conveyor device at which workplaces for sorting staff are provided for manual sorting of waste transported by the conveyor device, with the output devices and containers assigned to the workplaces for the sorted waste materials.
- Waste is usually deposited in landfills or incinerated in waste incineration plants. Both methods are associated with considerable environmental damage. In many cases, it is even necessary to dismantle existing landfills as part of the so-called contaminated site remediation. When incinerating waste, there is a risk of harmful air pollution. The incineration residues have to be deposited in landfills again. Landfill space is scarce and barely available in many areas, while the amount of waste and refuse is constantly increasing.
- waste generally contains a large number of reusable components such as metals, organic components that can be processed into humus, plastics, glass and paper. It is therefore endeavored to collect such components from the outset in separate waste containers. In practice, however, this is only possible to a limited extent.
- a known waste treatment plant (EP-A-0 170 301) of this type is housed in a building and contains domestic waste in a storage bunker. From this bunker, the waste is conveyed to various processing stages by means of conveyor systems, including a screening device and a sorting system. The latter is formed by an enclosed area through which a belt conveyor runs. Out Paper, rags, glass and plastic are sorted out of the waste material on the belt conveyor by sorting forces and placed in funnel-shaped output devices which lead to corresponding collecting containers.
- a transportable waste treatment plant (CH-A-403 683) of smaller size is located on the chassis of a truck and contains a screening machine, a magnetic roller, a tearing and shredding mill and conveyor belts for transporting the waste.
- This waste treatment plant is not stationary, but can be used at various locations on request and also enables magnetic material to be separated. However, it does not allow the sorting out of different waste materials from the shredded and screened waste.
- suction cupboards There are also known, for example in laboratories, fume cupboards or suction cupboards (DE-A-3 404 775), which enable working with pollutants without the pollutants getting into the surrounding space or endangering the people working on the suction cupboard.
- a suction cupboard is generally closed on all sides except for the front side and contains nozzles arranged at work table height in the corner areas for generating an air flow which widens inwards and backwards and upwards and forms a transverse air swirl column in the upper area of the suction cupboard. The air flow picks up the pollutants that are on the work table arise, and transports them upwards from the front to the air swirl column, via which they are discharged.
- the invention has for its object to provide a waste sorting system of the type mentioned, which can be created with relatively little effort and used in a variety of locations and in which the sorting forces are largely protected from dust and odor nuisance.
- this object is achieved in that the enclosed area is formed by a cabin on a transportable frame and on opposite sides of the conveyor means for generating an air curtain are arranged along the opposite sides of the conveyor, which separates the conveyor and the space with the sorting forces from each other and allows the manual sorting process.
- Such a facility does not require a building. If necessary, it can be moved to the required location together with other assemblies, for example with a comminution device and / or a screening device.
- a system of the type described can be used for sorting household waste, commercial waste similar to household waste, bulky waste or construction site waste.
- Embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
- the waste sorting system contains a conveyor system 10, which allows a manual sorting of the material passing through, which is input into a hopper 12.
- the conveyor system 10 contains a conveyor device 14 which conveys in the longitudinal direction and leaves the material to be conveyed accessible. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this conveyor device 14 is a conveyor belt.
- transverse conveyors 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 and 30 are arranged on both sides and at a distance from one another.
- the cross conveyors are arranged in pairs opposite each other on both sides of the conveyor 14.
- the cross conveyors of each pair, e.g. 16 and 18, convey in opposite directions.
- the cross conveyors 16, 20, 24 and 28 convey upwards in FIG. 2.
- the cross conveyors 18, 22, 26 and 30 convey downwards in FIG. 2.
- the cross conveyors are also formed by conveyor belts.
- the cross conveyors 16 to 30 are arranged at lateral distances from one another.
- Workplaces 32 are then formed between the cross conveyors.
- sorters sorts a certain type of recyclable components from the waste and throws this component onto the associated cross conveyor.
- Such components can be, for example: wood, paper, glass, plastic, metal, building rubble or earth or slag.
- Waste that has not been sorted out continues to run on the conveyor 14 and falls into a container trough 34. These are unusable residues that have to be deposited in a landfill. These residues form only a fraction of the total amount of waste. It has been shown that the system described can reduce the amount of waste to be deposited in a landfill by at least 50%. The percentage of course depends on the nature of the waste.
- the working conditions of the sorters are of course a problem with such a mobile system. It is usually not reasonable for the sorters to work outdoors all day unprotected and to be exposed to cold and heat, rain or snow. The system must be able to work regardless of the weather and season. Waste also occurs regardless of the weather and season. For this reason, the area of the conveyor system 10 containing the work stations 32 is through a cabin 36 covered.
- the conveyor 14 and the cross conveyor 16 to 30 are sealed by conventional rubber aprons into the interior of the cabin 36. 1, the hopper 12, the conveyor system 10 and the cabin 36 are arranged on a frame 38.
- the frame 38 is designed as a semi-trailer and is supported on two pairs of wheels 40, 42 and a support 44.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a section through the cabin 36 with the conveying device 14.
- First air openings 46 are arranged laterally along the same and open in an inclined surface 47 which extends at an acute angle to the level of the conveying device 14 in the direction of the conveying device 14.
- second air openings 48 are provided along the conveyor device 14 and above it, which are formed between a bell-shaped hood 49 and a flow guide body 51 arranged therein.
- the second air openings 48 lead to air channels 53, which are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the conveying device 14 and are connected to air lines 55.
- the first air openings 46 are connected via a 2/4-way valve 50 to an air conveying means in the form of a fresh air blower 52 which draws in fresh air from a fresh air inlet 54.
- the second air openings 48 lie essentially vertically opposite the first air openings 46.
- the flow guide 51 divides the air flow from the first air openings 46 into a first partial air flow 56, which enters the second air openings 48, and a second partial air flow 57, which between the Conveyor 14 and the flow guide 51 circulates.
- the air lines 55 connected to the second air openings 48 are connected to an air conveying means in the form of an exhaust air blower 58, which sucks the exhaust air out of the interior of the cabin 36 and thus also the partial air flow 56 via the 2/4-way valve 50 and via a one Exhaust outlet 60 pushes outside.
- an air conveying means in the form of an exhaust air blower 58, which sucks the exhaust air out of the interior of the cabin 36 and thus also the partial air flow 56 via the 2/4-way valve 50 and via a one Exhaust outlet 60 pushes outside.
- the mode of operation shown corresponds to the case that the outside temperature is higher than the room temperature.
- the relatively warm fish air rises to the second air openings 48 due to thermal buoyancy, which favors the formation of the air curtain.
- the 2/4-way valve 50 is switched over: the fresh air is then supplied via the second air openings 48.
- the exhaust air is extracted through the first air openings 46.
- the formation of the air curtain is favored by the fact that the relatively cold fresh air sinks downward.
- the cabin 36 is further provided with an air conditioning system 62, which maintains a desired temperature in the cabin 36 regardless of the outside temperature.
- the sorted out material transported by the cross conveyors 16 to 30 forming the output device falls into the associated material Container troughs 64 to 78.
- the unsorted remainder falls from the conveyor 14 into a container trough 80.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 a modified version of a waste sorting system is shown.
- the waste sorting system of FIGS. 4 and 5 is constructed similarly to the waste sorting system of FIGS. 1 to 3. Corresponding parts are therefore provided with the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 3.
- the cabin is 36 is supported on the frame 38 by hydraulic lifting members 82, 84, 86 and 88 and can be raised in the manner shown in FIG. 4.
- slides 90, 92, 94, 96, 98 and 100 are provided for receiving and forwarding the sorted material, via which the sorted material is guided into the associated container troughs 64 to 74.
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Lens Barrels (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abfallsortieranlage mit einem umschlossenen Bereich, der von einer Fördereinrichtung durchsetzt ist, an der Arbeitsplätze für Sortierkräfte zur manuellen Sortierung von mit der Fördereinrichtung transportiertem Abfall vorgesehen sind, mit den Arbeitsplätzen zugeordneten Ausgabevorrichtungen und Behältern für die aussortierten Abfallmaterialien.The invention relates to a waste sorting system with an enclosed area which is penetrated by a conveyor device at which workplaces for sorting staff are provided for manual sorting of waste transported by the conveyor device, with the output devices and containers assigned to the workplaces for the sorted waste materials.
Abfall (Müll) wird üblicherweise auf Deponien abgelegt oder in Müllverbrennungsanlagen verbrannt. Beide Verfahren sind mit erheblichen Beeinträchtigungen der Umwelt verbunden. In vielen Fällen ist es sogar erforderlich, im Rahmen der sogenannten Altlastsanierung vorhandene Deponien wieder abzubauen. Bei der Müllverbrenung besteht die Gefahr gesundheitsgefährdender Luftverschmutzung. Die Verbrennungsrückstände müssen wieder auf Deponien abgelegt werden. Deponieraum ist knapp und in vielen Gebieten kaum noch verfügbar, während der Anfall von Müll und Abfall ständig steigt.Waste (rubbish) is usually deposited in landfills or incinerated in waste incineration plants. Both methods are associated with considerable environmental damage. In many cases, it is even necessary to dismantle existing landfills as part of the so-called contaminated site remediation. When incinerating waste, there is a risk of harmful air pollution. The incineration residues have to be deposited in landfills again. Landfill space is scarce and barely available in many areas, while the amount of waste and refuse is constantly increasing.
Abfall enthält andererseits in der Regel eine Vielzahl wiederverwendbarer Bestandteile wie Metalle, organische Bestandteile, die zu Humus verarbeitet werden können, Kunststoffe, Glas und Papier. Man ist daher bestrebt, solche Bestandteile von vornherein in getrennten Müllbehältern zu sammeln. Das ist aber in der Praxis nur in beschränktem Umfang möglich.On the other hand, waste generally contains a large number of reusable components such as metals, organic components that can be processed into humus, plastics, glass and paper. It is therefore endeavored to collect such components from the outset in separate waste containers. In practice, however, this is only possible to a limited extent.
Eine bekannte Abfallaufbereitungsanlage (EP-A-0 170 301) dieser Art ist in einem Gebäude untergebracht und enthält in einem Vorratsbunker häuslichen Abfall. Aus diesem Bunker wird der Abfall mittels Förderanlagen verschiedenen Verarbeitungsstufen zugeführt, darunter einer Siebvorrichtung und einer Sortieranlage. Letztere wird von einem umschlossenen Bereich gebildet, durch den hindurch ein Bandförderer verläuft. Aus dem Abfallmaterial auf dem Bandförderer werden Papier, Lumpen, Glas und Kunststoff von Sortierkräften aussortiert und in trichterförmige Ausgabevorrichtungen gegeben, die zu entsprechenden Sammelbehältern führen.A known waste treatment plant (EP-A-0 170 301) of this type is housed in a building and contains domestic waste in a storage bunker. From this bunker, the waste is conveyed to various processing stages by means of conveyor systems, including a screening device and a sorting system. The latter is formed by an enclosed area through which a belt conveyor runs. Out Paper, rags, glass and plastic are sorted out of the waste material on the belt conveyor by sorting forces and placed in funnel-shaped output devices which lead to corresponding collecting containers.
Eine solche Anlage ist stationär und daher an einen bestimmten Ort gebunden; sie erfordert viel Platz und den An- und Abtransport von größeren Mengen Abfall und der aussortierten Abfallbestandteile, was oft zu unerwünschten Verkehrsbelastungen führt. Darüberhinaus sind die in dem umschlossenen Bereich tätigen Sortierkräfte nicht vor Staub- und Geruchsbelästigungen geschützt, die von dem Abfall auf dem Bandförderer ausgehen.Such a system is stationary and therefore tied to a specific location; it requires a lot of space and the transport of larger quantities of waste and the sorted waste components, which often leads to undesirable traffic loads. In addition, the sorting forces operating in the enclosed area are not protected against dust and odor nuisance that emanate from the waste on the belt conveyor.
Eine transportable Abfallaufbereitungsanlage (CH-A-403 683) geringerer Größe befindet sich auf dem Fahrgestell eines Lastwagens und enthält eine Siebmaschine, eine Magnetrolle, eine zerreißend und zerkleinernd arbeitende Schlegelmühle und Transportbänder zum Transport des Abfalls. Diese Abfallaufbereitungsanlage ist nicht stationär, sondern kann an verschiedensten Orten auf Anforderung zum Einsatz gebracht werden und ermöglicht auch die Abtrennung von magnetischem Material. Sie gestattet aber nicht eine Aussortierung verschiedener Abfallmaterialien aus dem zerkleinerten und gesiebten Abfall.A transportable waste treatment plant (CH-A-403 683) of smaller size is located on the chassis of a truck and contains a screening machine, a magnetic roller, a tearing and shredding mill and conveyor belts for transporting the waste. This waste treatment plant is not stationary, but can be used at various locations on request and also enables magnetic material to be separated. However, it does not allow the sorting out of different waste materials from the shredded and screened waste.
Es sind weiterhin, zum Beispiel in Laboratorien, Abzüge oder Absaugeschränke (DE-A-3 404 775) bekannt, die das Arbeiten mit Schadstoffen ermöglichen, ohne daß die Schadstoffe in den umgebenden Raum gelangen oder die an dem Absaugeschrank tätigen Personen gefährden. Ein solcher Absaugeschrank ist im allgemeinen bis auf die Vorderseite allseitig geschlossen und enthält in Arbeitstischhöhe in den Eckbereichen angeordnete Düsen zur Erzeugung eines Luftstroms, der sich nach innen und hinten und oben verbreitert und im oberen Bereich des Absaugeschrankes eine quer verlaufende Luftdrallsäule ausbildet. Der Luftstrom nimmt die Schadstoffe auf, die auf dem Arbeitstisch entstehen, und transportiert sie nach oben von der Vorderseite weg zu der Luftdrallsäule, über die sie abgeleitet werden. Gleichzeitig wird aus dem umgebenden Raum Luft in den Absaugeschrank eingeführt, wodurch ebenfalls die im Absaugeschrank entstehenden Schadstoffe von der Vorderseite weg der Luftdrallsäule zugeführt werden. Zusätzlichen können über die Breite des Arbeitstisches in Tischhöhe angeordnete Injektordüsen vorgesehen werden, die entlang des Arbeitstisches gegen die Rückwand des Absaugeschranks gerichtete Luftströme erzeugen. Die in dem Absaugeschrank herrschenden Strömungsverhältnisse lassen sich nur in Verbindung mit einem Raum erzeugen, der nur auf der Arbeitsseite offen ist.There are also known, for example in laboratories, fume cupboards or suction cupboards (DE-A-3 404 775), which enable working with pollutants without the pollutants getting into the surrounding space or endangering the people working on the suction cupboard. Such a suction cupboard is generally closed on all sides except for the front side and contains nozzles arranged at work table height in the corner areas for generating an air flow which widens inwards and backwards and upwards and forms a transverse air swirl column in the upper area of the suction cupboard. The air flow picks up the pollutants that are on the work table arise, and transports them upwards from the front to the air swirl column, via which they are discharged. At the same time, air is introduced into the suction cupboard from the surrounding space, whereby the pollutants arising in the suction cupboard are also fed from the front away to the air swirl column. In addition, injector nozzles arranged at table height across the width of the work table can be provided, which produce air flows directed along the work table against the rear wall of the suction cupboard. The flow conditions prevailing in the suction cupboard can only be created in connection with a room that is only open on the working side.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Abfallsortieranlage der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die mit relativ geringem Aufwand erstellt und an verschiedensten Orten eingesetzt werden kann und in der die Sortierkräfte vor Staubund Geruchsbelästigungen weitestgehend geschützt sind.The invention has for its object to provide a waste sorting system of the type mentioned, which can be created with relatively little effort and used in a variety of locations and in which the sorting forces are largely protected from dust and odor nuisance.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß
der umschlossene Bereich von einer Kabine auf einem transportablen Rahmen gebildet ist und
an gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Fördereinrichtung Mittel zur Erzeugung eines Luftvorhangs entlang der gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Fördereinrichtung angeordnet sind, der die Fördereinrichtung und den Raum mit den Sortierkräften voneinander trennt und den manuellen Sortiervorgang zuläßt.According to the invention this object is achieved in that
the enclosed area is formed by a cabin on a transportable frame and
on opposite sides of the conveyor means for generating an air curtain are arranged along the opposite sides of the conveyor, which separates the conveyor and the space with the sorting forces from each other and allows the manual sorting process.
Eine solche Anlage benötigt kein Gebäude. Sie kann gegebenenfalls zusammen mit anderen Baugruppen, zum Beispiel mit einer Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung und/oder einer Siebvorrichtung, zu dem Bedarfsort gefahren werden.Such a facility does not require a building. If necessary, it can be moved to the required location together with other assemblies, for example with a comminution device and / or a screening device.
Die Sortierkräfte, welche die einzelnen wiederverwertbaren Bestandteile des Abfalls heraussortieren, sind trotz der Mobilität in einer Kabine gegen Witterungseinflüsse geschützt untergebracht. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die beim Arbeiten mit Abfall, insbesondere mit Müll, in einer relativ kleinen Kabine auftretenden Probleme der Staub- und Geruchsbelästigung der Sortierkräfte durch den Luftvorhang gelöst werden, der die Fördereinrichtung von dem umgebenden Raum trennt.The sorting forces that sort out the individual recyclable components of the waste are despite the mobility housed in a cabin protected from the weather. It has been shown that the problems of dust and odor nuisance of the sorting forces which occur when working with waste, in particular with waste, in a relatively small cabin are solved by the air curtain which separates the conveyor from the surrounding space.
Eine Anlage der beschriebenen Art kann eingesetzt werden zur Sortierung von Hausmüll, hausmüllähnlichem Gewerbeabfall, Sperrmüll oder Baustellenabfällen.A system of the type described can be used for sorting household waste, commercial waste similar to household waste, bulky waste or construction site waste.
Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die zugehörigen Zeichnungen näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- Fig.1Fig. 1
- ist eine schematische Seitenansicht, teilweise im Schnitt, einer Abfallsortieranlage mit einer auf einem Sattelaufleger angeordneten Kabine.is a schematic side view, partly in section, of a waste sorting plant with a cabin arranged on a semitrailer.
- Fig.2Fig. 2
- ist eine zugehörige Draufsicht.is an associated plan view.
- Fig.3Fig. 3
- zeigt schematisch einen Querschnitt durch die Abfallsortieranlage von Fig.1 zusammen mit einer Schaltung der Frischluftzuführung und Abluftabführung der Geruchssperre.shows schematically a cross section through the waste sorting system of Figure 1 together with a circuit of the fresh air supply and exhaust air discharge of the odor barrier.
- Fig.4Fig. 4
- ist eine schematische Seitenansicht einer abgewandelten Ausführung der Abfallsortieranlage.is a schematic side view of a modified version of the waste sorting system.
- Fig.5Fig. 5
- ist eine zugehörige Draufsicht.is an associated plan view.
Die Abfallsortieranlage enthält ein Fördersystem 10, welches eine manuelle Sortierung des hindurchlaufenden Materials gestattet, das in einen Einfülltrichter 12 eingegeben wird. Das Fördersystem 10 enthält eine in Längsrichtung fördernde, das Fördergut zugänglich lassende Fördereinrichtung 14. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist diese Fördereinrichtung 14 ein Förderband. Unterhalb der Fördereinrichtung 14 sind zu beiden Seiten und im Abstand voneinander Querförderer 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 und 30 angeordnet. Die Querförderer sind paarweise einander gegenüberliegend zu beiden Seiten der Fördereinrichtung 14 angeordnet. Die Querförderer jedes Paares, z.B. 16 und 18, fördern in entgegengesetzten Richtungen. Die Querförderer 16, 20, 24, und 28 fördern nach oben in Fig.2. Die Querförderer 18, 22, 26 und 30 fördern nach unten in Fig.2. Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Querförderer ebenfalls von Förderbändern gebildet. Die Querförderer 16 bis 30 sind in seitlichen Abständen voneinander angeordnet. Zwischen den Querförderern sind dann Arbeitsplätze 32 gebildet. An den Arbeitsplätzen 32 sitzen Sortierer. Jeder dieser Sortierer sortiert eine bestimmte Art von wiederverwertbaren Bestandteilen aus dem Abfall heraus und wirft diesen Bestandteil auf den zugehörigen Querförderer. Solche Bestandteile können beispielsweise sein: Holz, Papier, Glas, Kunststoff, Metall, Bauschutt oder Erden bzw. Schlacken. Nicht aussortierter Abfall läuft auf der Fördereinrichtung 14 weiter und fällt in eine Containermulde 34. Das sind unverwertbare Reste, die auf einer Deponie abgelegt werden müssen. Diese Reste bilden nur einen Bruchteil der gesamten Abfallmenge. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß mit der beschriebenen Anlage die auf einer Deponie abzulegende Abfallmenge um wenigstens 50% vermindert werden kann. Der Prozentsatz hängt natürlich von der Natur des Abfalls ab.The waste sorting system contains a conveyor system 10, which allows a manual sorting of the material passing through, which is input into a
Ein Problem bei einer solchen mobilen Anlage sind natürlich die Arbeitsbedingungen der Sortierer. Es ist in der Regel nicht zumutbar, daß die Sortierer den ganzen Tag ungeschützt im Freien arbeiten und dabei Kälte und Hitze, Regen oder Schnee ausgesetzt sind. Die Anlage muß aber unabhängig von Wetter und Jahreszeit arbeiten können. Auch der Abfall fällt wetter- und jahreszeitunabhängig an. Aus diesem Grund ist der die Arbeitsplätze 32 enthaltende Bereich des Fördersystems 10 durch eine Kabine 36 abgedeckt. Die Fördereinrichtung 14 und die Querförderer 16 bis 30 sind durch übliche Gummischürzen abgedichtet in den Innenraum der Kabine 36 hineingeführt. Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, sind der Einfülltrichter 12, das Fördersystem 10 und die Kabine 36 auf einem Rahmen 38 angeordnet. Der Rahmen 38 ist als Sattelauflieger ausgebildet und auf zwei Radpaaren 40, 42 und einer Stütze 44 abgestützt. In einer solchen relativ engen Kabine wären die Sortierkräfte jedoch bei den meisten Abfallarten erheblicher Staub- und/oder Geruchsbelästigung ausgesetzt. Es sind Maßnahmen getroffen, diese Staub- und/oder Geruchsbelästigung der Sortierkräfte zu vermeiden oder auf ein zulässiges Maß zu reduzieren. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß dies möglich ist.The working conditions of the sorters are of course a problem with such a mobile system. It is usually not reasonable for the sorters to work outdoors all day unprotected and to be exposed to cold and heat, rain or snow. The system must be able to work regardless of the weather and season. Waste also occurs regardless of the weather and season. For this reason, the area of the conveyor system 10 containing the work stations 32 is through a
Eine Lösung des Problems der Staub- und Geruchsbelästigung der Sortierkräfte durch den Abfall ist in Fig. 3 dargestellt. Fig. 3 zeigt schematisch einen Schnitt durch die Kabine 36 mit der Fördereinrichtung 14. Seitlich längs derselben sind erste Luftöffnungen 46 angeordnet und öffnen sich in einer Schrägfläche 47, die unter einem spitzen Winkel zur Ebene der Fördereinrichtung 14 in Richtung auf die Fördereinrichtung 14 verläuft. Weiterhin sind längs der Fördereinrichtung 14 und oberhalb derselben zweite Luftöffnungen 48 vorgesehen, die zwischen einer glockenförmigen Haube 49 und einem darin angeordneten Strömungsleitkörper 51 ausgebildet sind. Die zweiten Luftöffnungen 48 führen zu Luftkanälen 53, die symmetrisch zu beiden Seiten der Fördereinrichtung 14 angeordnet und mit Luftleitungen 55 verbunden sind.A solution to the problem of dust and odor nuisance to the sorting forces caused by the waste is shown in FIG. 3. 3 schematically shows a section through the
Bei der dargestellten Betriebsweise sind die ersten Luftöffnungen 46 über ein 2/4-Wegeventil 50 an ein Luftfördermittel in Form eines Frischluftgebläses 52 angeschlossen, das Frischluft aus einem Frischlufteinlaß 54 ansaugt. Die zweiten Luftöffnungen 48 liegen den ersten Luftöffnungen 46 im wesentlichen vertikal gegenüber. Der Strömungsleitkörper 51 teilt den Luftstrom aus den ersten Luftöffnungen 46 in einen ersten Teil-Luftstrom 56, der in die zweiten Luftöffnungen 48 eintritt, und einen zweiten Teil-Luftstrom 57, der zwischen der Fördereinrichtung 14 und dem Strömungsleitkörper 51 zirkuliert. Die an die zweiten Luftöffnungen 48 angeschlossenen Luftleitungen 55 sind mit einem Luftfördermittel in Gestalt eines Abluftgebläses 58 verbunden, das über das 2/4-Wegeventil 50 die Abluft aus dem Innenraum der Kabine 36 und damit auch den Teil-Luftstrom 56 absaugt und diese über einen Abluftauslaß 60 ins Freie drückt.In the operating mode shown, the
Es ensteht somit zwischen der Fördereinrichtung 14 und den in der Kabine 36 tätigen Sortierkräften ein Luftvorhang, der die Verteilung von Staub und Gestank im Innenraum der Kabine 36 verhindert und der den Staub und übelriechende Gase von dem Abfall zu den zweiten Luftöffnungen 48 leitet. Da die angesaugte, unter Umständen übermäßig warme Frischluft im wesentlichen sofort über die gegenüberliegenden Luftöffnungen 48 wieder abgesaugt wird, beeinflußt sie die Raumtemperatur in der Kabine 36 nur wenig.An air curtain thus arises between the
Die dargestellte Betriebsweise entspricht dem Fall, daß die Außentemperatur höher ist als die Raumtemperatur. In diesem Fall steigt die relativ warme Fischluft durch thermischen Auftrieb auf zu den zweiten Luftöffnungen 48, was die Ausbildung des Luftvorhangs begünstigt. Ist die Außentemperatur geringer als die Raumtemperatur, dann wird das 2/4-Wegeventil 50 umgeschaltet: Die Frischluft wird dann über die zweiten Luftöffnungen 48 zugeführt. Die Abluft wird über die ersten Luftöffnungen 46 abgesaugt. Die Ausbildung des Luftvorhangs wird dadurch begünstigt, daß die relativ kalte Frischluft nach unten sinkt.The mode of operation shown corresponds to the case that the outside temperature is higher than the room temperature. In this case, the relatively warm fish air rises to the
Die Kabine 36 ist weiterhin mit einer Klimaanlage 62 versehen, welche unabhängig von der Außentemperatur eine gewünschte Temperatur in der Kabine 36 aufrechterhält.The
Das von den die Ausgabevorrichtung bildenden Querförderern 16 bis 30 transportierte, aussortierte Material fällt in zugehörige Containermulden 64 bis 78. Der nicht aussortierte Rest fällt von der Fördereinrichtung 14 in eine Containermulde 80.The sorted out material transported by the
In Fig. 4 und 5 ist eine abgewandelte Ausführung einer Abfallsortieranlage dargestellt. Die Abfallsortieranlage von Fig. 4 und 5 ist ähnlich aufgebaut wie die Abfallsortieranlage von Fig. 1 bis 3. Entsprechende Teile sind daher mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen wie in Fig. 1 bis 3. Bei der Abfallsortieranlage nach Fig. 4 und 5 ist die Kabine 36 durch hydraulische Hubglieder 82, 84, 86 und 88 auf dem Rahmen 38 abgestützt und kann in der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Weise hochgefahren werden. Statt der Querförderer sind zur Aufnahme und Weiterleitung des aussortierten Materials Rutschen 90, 92, 94, 96, 98 und 100 vorgesehen, über welche das aussortierte Material in die zugehörigen Containermulden 64 bis 74 geleitet wird.4 and 5, a modified version of a waste sorting system is shown. The waste sorting system of FIGS. 4 and 5 is constructed similarly to the waste sorting system of FIGS. 1 to 3. Corresponding parts are therefore provided with the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 3. In the waste sorting system according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the cabin is 36 is supported on the
Claims (11)
- Waste sorting installation including an enclosed area throughpassed by a conveying device (14) at which working places (32) are provided for sorting personnel manually sorting the waste conveyed by the conveying device (14), and further including discharge devices associated with the working places (32) and containers (64 to 78) for sorted-out waste materials,
characterised in that
the enclosed area is formed by a cabin (36) placed on a movable frame (38) and
means (46 to 58) are disposed on opposite sides of the conveying device (14) for generating an air seal along the opposite sides of the conveying device (14), the air seal separating from each other the conveying device (14) and the space in which the working personnel is staying and permitting the manual sorting operation. - Waste sorting installation according to claim 1, characterised in that the means for generating the air seal comprise air conveying means (52,58) for supplying fresh air and for exhausting exhaust air.
- Waste sorting installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the means for generating the air seal comprise a set of air openings (46) disposed laterally along at least part of the conveying device (14) and a further set of air openings (48) disposed at a spacing above the conveying device and along the same, whereby exhaust air is exhausted through one of the sets of air openings (48;46) and fresh air is supplied through the other one of the sets of air openings (46;48).
- Waste sorting installation according to claim 3, characterised in that a set of first air openings (46) extends at an acute angle relative to a plane of the conveying device (14) and opens laterally close to the conveying device (14) generally in a direction toward a set of second air openings (48) which are located at a spacing above the conveying device (14) and thus permit the manual sorting operation.
- Waste sorting installation according to claim 4, characterised in that the first air openings (46) open in an inclined plane (47) opening at an acute angle relative to the plane of the conveying device (14).
- Waste sorting installation according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the set of second air openings (48) is formed by means of a generally bell-shaped hood (49) and a flow divider (51) disposed within the bell-shaped hood (49) and dividing the air flow into a first component air flow (56) which flows from the first air openings (46) toward the second air openings (48), and a second component air flow which circulates above the plane of the conveying device (14) between the same and the flow divider (51).
- Waste sorting installation according to claim 6, characterised in that the second air openings (48) lead to two air ducts (53) symmetrically arranged on both sides along the conveying device (14), said air ducts (53) being connected to common air conveying means (52;58) through respective air conduits (55).
- Waste sorting installation according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterised in that the air conveying means (52,58) are adapted to be switched between the sets of first and second air openings (46,48) in a manner such that, at low external temperatures, the fresh air is supplied through the second air openings (48) and the exhaust air is exhausted through the first air openings (46) whilst, at high external temperatures, the fresh air is supplied through the first air openings (46) and the exhaust air is exhausetd through the second air openings (48).
- Waste sorting installation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the cabin (36) is air conditioned.
- Waste sorting installation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the discharge devices are formed by transverse conveyors (16 to 30).
- Waste sorting installation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that
elevating means (82 to 84) is provided for elevating the cabin (36) to a raised position and
the discharge devices are formed by chutes (90 to 100) by means of which the sorted-out waste material is passed by gravity into the containers (64 to 72) which are disposed below the chutes (90 to 100) in the raised condition of the cabin (36).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4005332 | 1990-02-20 | ||
| DE4005332A DE4005332A1 (en) | 1990-02-20 | 1990-02-20 | WASTE SORTING PLANT |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0443314A2 EP0443314A2 (en) | 1991-08-28 |
| EP0443314A3 EP0443314A3 (en) | 1991-12-18 |
| EP0443314B1 true EP0443314B1 (en) | 1994-12-21 |
Family
ID=6400585
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91100217A Expired - Lifetime EP0443314B1 (en) | 1990-02-20 | 1991-01-09 | Waste sorting installation |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0443314B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE115892T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4005332A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0443314T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4133113C2 (en) * | 1991-10-05 | 1993-11-04 | Rolf Emil Roland | RECYCLING METHOD AND PLANT FOR PLASTIC WASTE CONTAINED IN HOME AND / OR HOSPITAL |
| DE4407660C1 (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1995-10-05 | Melenk Klaus Dieter | Waste sorting plant for an organic waste composting plant |
| FR2735996B1 (en) * | 1995-06-29 | 1997-08-01 | Soc D Expl Des Ets Racodon Sa | MOBILE WASTE SORTING DEVICE |
| DE19609031A1 (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1997-09-11 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Refuse sorting room process and assembly |
| FR2766110B1 (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 2003-10-10 | Valoref | MOBILE SORTING PLANT FOR SORTING ON-SITE REFRACTORY WASTE |
| FR2775761A1 (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 1999-09-03 | Sereib Sarl | Modular protection cabin for sorting of waste |
| ES2268909B1 (en) * | 1998-10-22 | 2007-12-01 | Sana, S.L. | SELECTIVE PLANT OF INORGANIC URBAN WASTE. |
| HRPK20110260B3 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2014-10-10 | Tehnix D.O.O. | Process and plant for municipal solid waste separation |
| CN107323918A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-07 | 深圳市和网零售有限公司 | Based on modular expansible Intelligent refuse classification apparatus and method |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH403683A (en) * | 1963-09-09 | 1965-12-15 | Hazemag Hartzerkleinerung | Mobile unit for processing rubbish |
| US3595389A (en) * | 1970-03-05 | 1971-07-27 | George W Morgan | Reclamation method and apparatus |
| US3804248A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1974-04-16 | R Talamantz | Sortation system |
| DE3037714C2 (en) * | 1977-07-07 | 1984-01-26 | Fa. Matthias Trienekens, 4060 Viersen | Plant for processing household and commercial waste |
| FR2403837A1 (en) * | 1977-09-27 | 1979-04-20 | Samro Bystronic Maschinen Ag | Potato harvesting machine sorter - consists of two continuously rotating flexible belts with protuberances and revolving in opposite directions |
| DE3404775C1 (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1985-07-18 | Heinrich Dipl.-Ing. 5205 St Augustin Hilbers | Bench extractor cabinet for operations involving pollutants and for energy-saving ventilation |
| NO851377L (en) * | 1984-04-09 | 1985-10-10 | Vuilafvoer Mij Vam N V | PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR TREATMENT OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE |
| DE4005331A1 (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-08-22 | Doppstadt Werner | WASTE TREATMENT PLANT |
-
1990
- 1990-02-20 DE DE4005332A patent/DE4005332A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-01-09 DK DK91100217.8T patent/DK0443314T3/en active
- 1991-01-09 DE DE59103942T patent/DE59103942D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-01-09 AT AT91100217T patent/ATE115892T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-01-09 EP EP91100217A patent/EP0443314B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK0443314T3 (en) | 1995-05-29 |
| DE59103942D1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
| DE4005332A1 (en) | 1991-09-05 |
| EP0443314A3 (en) | 1991-12-18 |
| EP0443314A2 (en) | 1991-08-28 |
| ATE115892T1 (en) | 1995-01-15 |
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