EP0434553B1 - Plattenwärmetauscher, insbesondere für einen Ölkühler eines Kraftfahrzeugs - Google Patents

Plattenwärmetauscher, insbesondere für einen Ölkühler eines Kraftfahrzeugs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0434553B1
EP0434553B1 EP90403663A EP90403663A EP0434553B1 EP 0434553 B1 EP0434553 B1 EP 0434553B1 EP 90403663 A EP90403663 A EP 90403663A EP 90403663 A EP90403663 A EP 90403663A EP 0434553 B1 EP0434553 B1 EP 0434553B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
casing
heat exchanger
plate
baffle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90403663A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0434553A1 (de
Inventor
Philippe Le Gauyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
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Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
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Publication of EP0434553A1 publication Critical patent/EP0434553A1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0012—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the apparatus having an annular form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/916—Oil cooler

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plate-type heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such an exchanger is known and intended to carry out a heat exchange between two fluids and usable in particular for cooling the lubricating oil, it that is to say engine oil and / or gearbox oil, of a motor vehicle.
  • the plates are identical and each have the general shape of a disc which has a circular peripheral lip and a lip. circular interior.
  • these two plates define an annular blade for the circulation of the first fluid, for example oil.
  • each blade has two diametrically opposite passage openings, namely an inlet opening and an outlet opening, each opening being bordered by a lip capable of '' be joined tightly to a homologous lip of an adjacent plate.
  • This known heat exchanger is used in particular for cooling the lubricating oil from an engine block and it has a central tube around which the disc-shaped plates are threaded and inside which an axis is engaged. threaded on the one hand for fixing the heat exchanger on the engine block and on the other hand for fixing an oil filter on the heat exchanger.
  • the hollow tube is then used to return the oil to the engine block, either directly in the tube, or via the threaded axis which is then made hollow.
  • this known heat exchanger comprises a bypass fitted with a valve which is normally open when the oil is cold and viscous and closed when the oil is hot and fluid.
  • the oil flows directly through the exchanger from the inlet to the bypass, passing through the inlet openings on the plates, to reach the filter directly and return to the engine via the tube or the central axis, the oil then not being cooled.
  • the closed position of the valve the oil is distributed in each blade through the inlet openings of plates and the oil leaves each blade through the outlet openings of the plates to reach a passage communicating with the filter, the return to the engine being effected by the duct or the central axis, the oil then being cooled by heat exchange with the coolant.
  • the object of the invention is essentially to propose a plate heat exchanger, of the type defined in the introduction, which makes it possible to optimize the heat exchange, and this without it being necessary to provide means of complex and costly structure.
  • the invention provides, for this purpose, a plate heat exchanger, as defined in the introduction, which, according to the invention, comprises at least two internal partitions arranged parallel to the plates inside the housing to delimit therein. at least three chambers each containing a defined number of plates, namely two end chambers into which the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold of the second fluid open respectively, and at least one intermediate chamber, in that each partition has a passage opening of configuration chosen to ensure the circulation of the second fluid from one chamber to the other by creating a forced circulation, and in that the respective passage openings of two adjacent partitions are not not aligned in a direction parallel to the stacking direction to create a counter-current circulation of the second fluid from one chamber to another.
  • each partition simultaneously plays the role of a plate and has the general configuration of a plate which is provided with at least one extension so that the partition occupies the entire section transverse of the housing, said extension being provided with the aforementioned passage opening.
  • each partition is a flat plate which is suitable for being disposed between two pairs of adjacent plates and which has means for the passage of the first fluid between said adjacent pairs, said partition occupying all of the cross section of the housing and sparing the opening for the passage of the second fluid.
  • the housing comprises a single envelope and each partition is attached to the interior of the envelope.
  • the housing is formed of several housing elements having respective envelopes which are assembled end to end, each partition being held at its periphery in the assembly of two envelopes.
  • the housing is formed of several housing elements each comprising an envelope and a bottom which are assembled end to end, each partition being formed by the bottom of a housing element.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 show a leaf heat exchanger, according to the prior art, usable for cooling the engine oil of a motor vehicle.
  • the exchanger 10 comprises a housing 12 having a casing wall defined by generators parallel to an axis XX.
  • This envelope wall (FIG. 3) comprises a semi-cylindrical wall 14 which is connected to two parallel flat walls 16 and 18, the latter connecting, respectively by rounded edges 20 and 22, to a flat wall 24 perpendicular to the walls. 16 and 18. From the wall 24 depend two pipes 26 and 28 respectively serving for the inlet and the outlet of the cooling liquid, for example glycol water.
  • the exchanger further comprises a stack of plates 30 arranged in pairs and alternately inside of the housing, in a stacking direction of axis XX.
  • the plates 30, also called “half-plates", are identical and each have the general shape of a disc which has a circular peripheral lip 32 and a circular inner lip 34 (FIG. 3).
  • the lips 32 and 34 are in the same plane while the annular region 36 of the plate 30, which is between the two lips 32 and 34, is located in a plane different from that of the two lips 32 and 34.
  • annular blade 38 Figures 1 and 2 for the circulation of oil.
  • each blade has two diametrically opposite passage openings, namely an inlet opening 40 limited by a peripheral lip 42 and an outlet opening 44 limited by a peripheral lip 46.
  • Each of the lips 42 and 46 is capable of being joined in leaktight manner to a homologous opening of an adjacent plate.
  • the plates 30 are joined together preferably by brazing and the stack of plates is inserted into the housing around a central tube 48 of axis XX.
  • the lips 34 of the plates 30 come into contact against the external surface of the tube 48 while the lips 32 come into contact against the internal face of the wall 14 and come flush with the internal face of the wall 24, which makes it possible to provide two regions 50 and 52 (FIG. 3) for the circulation of the coolant inside the housing.
  • the pairs of plates 30 define between them, and at their periphery inside the housing, blades 54 (FIGS. 1 and 2) which communicate with each other and communicate with the regions 50 and 52.
  • the heat exchanger 10 further comprises an annular bottom 56 which has an opening 58 located in alignment with the openings 40 and constituting the oil inlet of the exchanger.
  • the bottom 56 is held by a seal-holder cup 60 placed between the casing of the housing and the central tube 48.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a seal holder cup 62 connected to the casing of the housing and to the central tube 48.
  • the cup 62 has a bypass 64 located in the axial alignment of the openings 40 and controlled by a valve 66, as well as a passage opening 68 arranged in alignment with the openings 44.
  • the heat exchanger 10 is intended to be fixed on an engine block 70 and to receive an oil filter 72, the fixing of the exchanger on the engine block and the fixing of the oil filter 72 on the exchanger taking place for example by means of a hollow threaded pin (not shown) as described in French Patent No 73 02134 already cited.
  • the exchanger 10 operates in the following manner. When the oil is cold and viscous, it enters the exchanger 10 through the opening 58 and, under the effect of the high viscosity of the cold oil, this results in a rise in the pressure which causes the opening of the valve 66. The oil passes directly through the exchanger from the inlet 58 to the bypass 64 through the openings 40 formed in the plates 30. The oil then passes through the filter and returns to the engine block via the central tube 48.
  • valve 66 When the oil is hot and fluid, the valve 66 is closed. The oil is then distributed in each blade 38 through the openings 40 and the oil leaves each blade through the openings 44 to reach the opening 68. The oil then passes through the filter and returns to the engine block through the central tube 48.
  • this known heat exchanger does not allow an optimal heat exchange between the coolant and the oil.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 show a heat exchanger 74 according to the invention which takes up the general structure of the heat exchanger 10 of FIGS. 1 to 3. Consequently, the elements common to the two exchangers are designated by the same reference numbers.
  • the exchanger 74 further comprises two partitions 76 and 78, the relative arrangement of which appears best in FIG. 7 (in which the plates 30 have not been shown for the sake of clarity of the drawing). These partitions are arranged parallel to the plates and inside the housing to define three chambers there: two end chambers 80 and 82 into which the inlet manifold 26 and the outlet manifold 28 open respectively, and an intermediate chamber 84. The latter communicates respectively with the chambers 80 and 82 thanks to passage openings 86 and 88 of chosen configuration which are provided respectively by the partitions 76 and 78. The openings 86 and 88 are not aligned axially in a direction parallel to the axis d 'stacking XX and this to allow forced circulation, against the current, in said chambers.
  • the partitions 76 and 78 each play the role of a plate at the same time and are each associated with a normal plate 30 (shown in broken lines in Figure 7) to form each times a pair of plates delimiting a blade for the circulation of oil.
  • the partition 76 has the general configuration of a plate and has lips 32 and 34, as well as lips 42 and 46 respectively limiting two openings 40 and 44.
  • the partition 76 has an extension 90 specific to s' extend to region 52 of the housing. In other words, this extension 90 comes to bear, preferably sealed, against the internal face of the casing of the housing, in the region of the walls 18, 22 and 24. It will be noted that the partition 76 does not extend not up to the region 50 of the housing so as to delimit the passage 86 defined above.
  • the partition 78 shown in FIG. 6 has a shape symmetrical to that of the partition 76 with respect to an axis YY as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the partition 78 thus has an extension 92 which extends into the internal space 50 of the housing.
  • the internal space 52 of the housing is not divided, so as to provide the opening 88 above. Thanks to the heat exchanger of FIGS. 4 to 7, better heat exchange is obtained since the coolant first circulates in the chamber 80 in the blades 54, then passes through the partition 76 through the opening 86, then flows against the current in the chamber 84 and in the blades 54 contained in this chamber, then crosses the opening 88 to reach the chamber 82 where it flows against the current to finally leave the housing through the pipe 28.
  • FIGS 8 to 11 show another alternative embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • this heat exchanger includes elements common with the heat exchanger of Figures 1 to 3 and with that of Figures 4 to 7. These common elements are designated by the same reference numerals.
  • the heat exchanger 94 shown in Figures 8 to 11 comprises two internal partitions 96, 98 which are constituted here by simple flat plates whose general outline is the same as that of the partitions 76 and 78 described above.
  • the partitions 96 and 98 each extend in a plane perpendicular to the axis XX and are arranged at a distance from each other so as to define three chambers inside the housing: two chambers 100 and 102 in which respectively open the pipes 26 and 28 and an intermediate chamber 104.
  • the partitions 96 and 98 provide respective openings 106 and 108 allowing communication between the three aforementioned chambers.
  • the partition 96 has an extension 110 extending into the internal region 52 of the housing, the internal region 50 being free to form the opening 106 above.
  • the partition 98 has an extension 112 extending as far as the internal region 50, the internal region 52 being free to form the opening 108.
  • the operation of the exchanger 94 is the same as that of the exchanger 74 described above.
  • FIGS. 12 to 15 show a heat exchanger 104 which is similar to the heat exchanger 94 of FIGS. 8 to 11.
  • the exchanger 104 comprises three housing elements 12a, 12b and 12c, the respective envelopes of which are assembled end to end.
  • the elements 12a and 12b include respective edges 106a and 106b.
  • partitions 110 and 112 Inside the housing thus formed are arranged two partitions 110 and 112, in the form of a flat plate, the shape of which resembles that of the partitions 96 and 98 described. previously. These partitions define, inside the housing, two end chambers 114 and 116 into which the pipes 26 and 28 respectively open, and an intermediate chamber 118. These chambers communicate with each other by openings 120 and 122 which are respectively provided by the partitions 114 and 116.
  • the partitions 110 and 112 have respective folded edges 108b and 108c.
  • the folded edge 108b of the partition 110 is capable of receiving, preferably in a sealed manner, the edge 106a of the element 12a, while the end 119 of element 12b bears on said partition so that the latter is trapped between the two elements 12a and 12b.
  • the end 121 of the element 12c is held captive between the elements 12b and 12c.
  • the operation of the heat exchanger 104 is the same as that of the heat exchangers 74 and 94 described above.
  • FIGS. 16 to 19 show a heat exchanger 124 in another embodiment.
  • the exchanger has three housing elements 126a, 126b and 126c. These housing elements comprise respective envelopes 128a, 128b and 128c each attached to an annular bottom 130a, 130b and 130c. At their opposite end, the envelopes 128a and 128b have a flared edge 132a, 132b allowing the direct fitting of the element 126a on the element 126b and the direct fitting of the element 126b on the element 126c.
  • the housing bottoms 130b and 130c directly constitute the partitions of the housing and have a general shape which is similar to that of the partitions 110 and 112 of the exchanger 104. In particular the bottoms 130b and 130c provide respective openings 134 and 136 for the passage of the coolant from one chamber to the other.
  • the operation of the exchanger 124 is the same as that of the exchangers 74, 94 and 104 described above.
  • FIGS. 20 to 22 show another heat exchanger capable of being used more particularly for cooling the oil coming from an automatic gearbox.
  • the heat exchanger 138 shown in these figures is formed by the assembly of three housing elements 140a, 140b and 140c.
  • These elements comprise respective envelopes 142a, 142b and 142c which have, in cross section, the general shape of an elongated octagon (FIG. 21).
  • the envelopes 142a, 142b and 142c each depend on a bottom 144a, 144b and 144c.
  • the envelopes 142a and 142b have a free flared edge respectively 146a and 146b allowing the fitting of the element 140a in the item 140b and the fitting of the latter in the item 140c.
  • the elements 140a and 140c are respectively provided with an inlet pipe 148 and an outlet pipe 150 for the coolant.
  • the three housing elements thus define three chambers: two end chambers 152 and 154 into which the pipes 148 and 150 open respectively, and an intermediate chamber 156.
  • the bottoms 144b and 144c which each appear in half-section in FIG. 21 , constitute at the same time the partitions of the exchanger and have an elongated octagonal shape. They respectively have openings of passages 158 and 160 arranged in a non-aligned manner.
  • the heat exchanger 138 further comprises two tubes 162 and 164 which pass through the housing elements and which are each provided with a longitudinal slot 166 respectively 168. These two tubes pass through respective openings 170 and 172 of the bottoms 144b and 144c ( Figure 21).
  • the exchanger comprises four pairs of plates 174 in the chamber 152 and similarly four pairs of plates (not shown) in each of the other two chambers. These plates do not extend to the two end walls 176 and 178 so as to provide empty spaces inside the housing.
  • the coolant enters through the inlet pipe 148, circulates in the chamber 152, passes through the opening 158, flows against the current in the chamber 156, passes through the opening 160, flows against the current in the chamber 154 and leaves the exchanger via the outlet pipe 150.
  • the oil enters through the split tube 164 and is distributed inside the blades defined between the pairs of plates 174 and leaves the exchanger through the split tube 162.

Claims (7)

  1. Plattenwärmetauscher, geeignet zur Herbeiführung eines Wärmeaustauschs zwischen einem ersten Fluid, zum Beispiel einem zu kühlenden Öl, und einem zweiten Fluid, zum Beispiel einer Kühlflüssigkeit, enthaltend:
    - ein Gehäuse (zum Beispiel 12), versehen mit einem Einlaufstutzen (26) und einem Auslaufstutzen (28) für das zweite Fluid,
    - ein Plattenpaket (zum Beispiel 30), wobei die Platten paarweise und abwechselnd im Innern des Gehäuses in einer Stapelrichtung XX in der Weise angeordnet sind, daß die Platten des gleichen Paars dazwischen eine Zirkulationslamelle (38) für das erste Fluid definieren und daß die Plattenpaare an ihrem Kreisumfang und im Innern des Gehäuses Zirkulationslamellen (54) für das zweite Fluid definieren, die miteinander kommunizieren, wobei Kommunikationsmittel (40, 44) geeignet sind, die Zirkulation des ersten Fluids zwischen den aufeinanderfolgenden Paaren von einem Einlauf (58) für das erste Fluid zu einem Auslauf (68) des ersten Fluids zu ermöglichen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er wenigstens zwei innere Trennwände (zum Beispiel 76, 78) enthält, die parallel zu den Platten (30) im Innern des Gehäuses angeordnet sind, um dort wenigstens drei Kammern (80, 82, 84) zu begrenzen, von denen jede eine bestimmte Anzahl Platten enthält, und zwar zwei Endkammern (80, 82), in die der Einlaufstutzen (26) bzw. der Auslaufstutzen (28) des zweiten Fluids einmündet, und wenigstens eine Zwischenkammer (84), daß jede Trennwand eine Durchtrittsöffnung (86, 88) der gewählten Konfiguration enthält, um die Zirkulation des zweiten Fluids von einer Kammer zur anderen zu gewährleisten und dabei eine Zwangszirkulation zu bewirken, und daß die jeweiligen Durchtrittsöffnungen (86, 88) von zwei angrenzenden Trennwänden nicht in einer Richtung ausgefluchtet sind, die parallel zur Stapelrichtung XX verläuft, um eine Gegenstromzirkulation des zweiten Fluids von einer Kammer zur anderen zu bewirken.
  2. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Trennwand (76, 78) gleichzeitig die Funktion einer Platte hat und die allgemeine Konfiguration einer Platte (30) besitzt, die mit wenigstens einer Verlängerung (90, 92) versehen ist, so daß die Trennwand den gesamten Querschnitt des Gehäuses beansprucht und gleichzeitig die Durchtrittsöffnung (86, 88) für das zweite Fluid enthält.
  3. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Trennwand (96, 98) eine flache Platte ist, die zwischen zwei angrenzenden Plattenpaaren angeordnet werden kann, welche Durchtrittsmittel für das erste Fluid zwischen den genannten angrenzenden Paaren aufweisen, wobei die genannte Trennwand den gesamten Querschnitt des Gehäuses beansprucht und die Durchtrittsöffnung (106, 108) für das zweite Fluid enthält.
  4. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (12) nur einen Mantel aufweist und daß jede Trennwand (76, 78; 96, 98) im Innern des Mantels eingebaut ist.
  5. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse aus mehreren Gehäuseelementen (12a, 12b, 12c) besteht, die entsprechende Mäntel aufweisen, welche am Ende zusammengefügt sind, und daß jede Trennwand (110, 112) an ihrem Kreisumfang in der aus zwei Mänteln bestehenden Einheit festgehalten wird.
  6. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse aus mehreren Gehäuseelementen (126a, 126b, 126c; 140a, 140b, 140c) besteht, von denen jedes einen Mantel und einen Boden aufweist, und daß jede Trennwand aus dem Boden (130b, 130c; 144b, 144c) eines Gehäuseelements besteht.
  7. Wärmetauscher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erste Fluid ein Schmieröl und das zweite Fluid eine Kühlflüssigkeit, zum Beispiel Wasser, ist.
EP90403663A 1989-12-21 1990-12-19 Plattenwärmetauscher, insbesondere für einen Ölkühler eines Kraftfahrzeugs Expired - Lifetime EP0434553B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8917002 1989-12-21
FR8917002A FR2656412B1 (fr) 1989-12-21 1989-12-21 Echangeur de chaleur a lames, en particulier pour le refroidissement de l'huile de lubrification d'un vehicule automobile.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0434553A1 EP0434553A1 (de) 1991-06-26
EP0434553B1 true EP0434553B1 (de) 1994-03-09

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EP90403663A Expired - Lifetime EP0434553B1 (de) 1989-12-21 1990-12-19 Plattenwärmetauscher, insbesondere für einen Ölkühler eines Kraftfahrzeugs

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Country Link
US (1) US5146980A (de)
EP (1) EP0434553B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69007258T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2051490T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2656412B1 (de)

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JP2016044896A (ja) * 2014-08-22 2016-04-04 株式会社ティラド 積層型熱交換器
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CN108955318B (zh) * 2018-09-11 2023-11-24 无锡宏盛换热系统有限公司 一种用于电动汽车的油冷却器
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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VDI-Wärmeatlas, 4.Auflage 1984, page Ob10, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2051490T3 (es) 1994-06-16
US5146980A (en) 1992-09-15
FR2656412A1 (fr) 1991-06-28
DE69007258D1 (de) 1994-04-14
EP0434553A1 (de) 1991-06-26
DE69007258T2 (de) 1994-06-16
FR2656412B1 (fr) 1995-02-17

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