EP0434553B1 - Plate-like heat-exchanger, especially for a motor car oil cooler - Google Patents

Plate-like heat-exchanger, especially for a motor car oil cooler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0434553B1
EP0434553B1 EP90403663A EP90403663A EP0434553B1 EP 0434553 B1 EP0434553 B1 EP 0434553B1 EP 90403663 A EP90403663 A EP 90403663A EP 90403663 A EP90403663 A EP 90403663A EP 0434553 B1 EP0434553 B1 EP 0434553B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
casing
heat exchanger
plate
baffle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90403663A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0434553A1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Le Gauyer
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Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
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Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
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Publication of EP0434553A1 publication Critical patent/EP0434553A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0012—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the apparatus having an annular form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/916—Oil cooler

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plate-type heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such an exchanger is known and intended to carry out a heat exchange between two fluids and usable in particular for cooling the lubricating oil, it that is to say engine oil and / or gearbox oil, of a motor vehicle.
  • the plates are identical and each have the general shape of a disc which has a circular peripheral lip and a lip. circular interior.
  • these two plates define an annular blade for the circulation of the first fluid, for example oil.
  • each blade has two diametrically opposite passage openings, namely an inlet opening and an outlet opening, each opening being bordered by a lip capable of '' be joined tightly to a homologous lip of an adjacent plate.
  • This known heat exchanger is used in particular for cooling the lubricating oil from an engine block and it has a central tube around which the disc-shaped plates are threaded and inside which an axis is engaged. threaded on the one hand for fixing the heat exchanger on the engine block and on the other hand for fixing an oil filter on the heat exchanger.
  • the hollow tube is then used to return the oil to the engine block, either directly in the tube, or via the threaded axis which is then made hollow.
  • this known heat exchanger comprises a bypass fitted with a valve which is normally open when the oil is cold and viscous and closed when the oil is hot and fluid.
  • the oil flows directly through the exchanger from the inlet to the bypass, passing through the inlet openings on the plates, to reach the filter directly and return to the engine via the tube or the central axis, the oil then not being cooled.
  • the closed position of the valve the oil is distributed in each blade through the inlet openings of plates and the oil leaves each blade through the outlet openings of the plates to reach a passage communicating with the filter, the return to the engine being effected by the duct or the central axis, the oil then being cooled by heat exchange with the coolant.
  • the object of the invention is essentially to propose a plate heat exchanger, of the type defined in the introduction, which makes it possible to optimize the heat exchange, and this without it being necessary to provide means of complex and costly structure.
  • the invention provides, for this purpose, a plate heat exchanger, as defined in the introduction, which, according to the invention, comprises at least two internal partitions arranged parallel to the plates inside the housing to delimit therein. at least three chambers each containing a defined number of plates, namely two end chambers into which the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold of the second fluid open respectively, and at least one intermediate chamber, in that each partition has a passage opening of configuration chosen to ensure the circulation of the second fluid from one chamber to the other by creating a forced circulation, and in that the respective passage openings of two adjacent partitions are not not aligned in a direction parallel to the stacking direction to create a counter-current circulation of the second fluid from one chamber to another.
  • each partition simultaneously plays the role of a plate and has the general configuration of a plate which is provided with at least one extension so that the partition occupies the entire section transverse of the housing, said extension being provided with the aforementioned passage opening.
  • each partition is a flat plate which is suitable for being disposed between two pairs of adjacent plates and which has means for the passage of the first fluid between said adjacent pairs, said partition occupying all of the cross section of the housing and sparing the opening for the passage of the second fluid.
  • the housing comprises a single envelope and each partition is attached to the interior of the envelope.
  • the housing is formed of several housing elements having respective envelopes which are assembled end to end, each partition being held at its periphery in the assembly of two envelopes.
  • the housing is formed of several housing elements each comprising an envelope and a bottom which are assembled end to end, each partition being formed by the bottom of a housing element.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 show a leaf heat exchanger, according to the prior art, usable for cooling the engine oil of a motor vehicle.
  • the exchanger 10 comprises a housing 12 having a casing wall defined by generators parallel to an axis XX.
  • This envelope wall (FIG. 3) comprises a semi-cylindrical wall 14 which is connected to two parallel flat walls 16 and 18, the latter connecting, respectively by rounded edges 20 and 22, to a flat wall 24 perpendicular to the walls. 16 and 18. From the wall 24 depend two pipes 26 and 28 respectively serving for the inlet and the outlet of the cooling liquid, for example glycol water.
  • the exchanger further comprises a stack of plates 30 arranged in pairs and alternately inside of the housing, in a stacking direction of axis XX.
  • the plates 30, also called “half-plates", are identical and each have the general shape of a disc which has a circular peripheral lip 32 and a circular inner lip 34 (FIG. 3).
  • the lips 32 and 34 are in the same plane while the annular region 36 of the plate 30, which is between the two lips 32 and 34, is located in a plane different from that of the two lips 32 and 34.
  • annular blade 38 Figures 1 and 2 for the circulation of oil.
  • each blade has two diametrically opposite passage openings, namely an inlet opening 40 limited by a peripheral lip 42 and an outlet opening 44 limited by a peripheral lip 46.
  • Each of the lips 42 and 46 is capable of being joined in leaktight manner to a homologous opening of an adjacent plate.
  • the plates 30 are joined together preferably by brazing and the stack of plates is inserted into the housing around a central tube 48 of axis XX.
  • the lips 34 of the plates 30 come into contact against the external surface of the tube 48 while the lips 32 come into contact against the internal face of the wall 14 and come flush with the internal face of the wall 24, which makes it possible to provide two regions 50 and 52 (FIG. 3) for the circulation of the coolant inside the housing.
  • the pairs of plates 30 define between them, and at their periphery inside the housing, blades 54 (FIGS. 1 and 2) which communicate with each other and communicate with the regions 50 and 52.
  • the heat exchanger 10 further comprises an annular bottom 56 which has an opening 58 located in alignment with the openings 40 and constituting the oil inlet of the exchanger.
  • the bottom 56 is held by a seal-holder cup 60 placed between the casing of the housing and the central tube 48.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a seal holder cup 62 connected to the casing of the housing and to the central tube 48.
  • the cup 62 has a bypass 64 located in the axial alignment of the openings 40 and controlled by a valve 66, as well as a passage opening 68 arranged in alignment with the openings 44.
  • the heat exchanger 10 is intended to be fixed on an engine block 70 and to receive an oil filter 72, the fixing of the exchanger on the engine block and the fixing of the oil filter 72 on the exchanger taking place for example by means of a hollow threaded pin (not shown) as described in French Patent No 73 02134 already cited.
  • the exchanger 10 operates in the following manner. When the oil is cold and viscous, it enters the exchanger 10 through the opening 58 and, under the effect of the high viscosity of the cold oil, this results in a rise in the pressure which causes the opening of the valve 66. The oil passes directly through the exchanger from the inlet 58 to the bypass 64 through the openings 40 formed in the plates 30. The oil then passes through the filter and returns to the engine block via the central tube 48.
  • valve 66 When the oil is hot and fluid, the valve 66 is closed. The oil is then distributed in each blade 38 through the openings 40 and the oil leaves each blade through the openings 44 to reach the opening 68. The oil then passes through the filter and returns to the engine block through the central tube 48.
  • this known heat exchanger does not allow an optimal heat exchange between the coolant and the oil.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 show a heat exchanger 74 according to the invention which takes up the general structure of the heat exchanger 10 of FIGS. 1 to 3. Consequently, the elements common to the two exchangers are designated by the same reference numbers.
  • the exchanger 74 further comprises two partitions 76 and 78, the relative arrangement of which appears best in FIG. 7 (in which the plates 30 have not been shown for the sake of clarity of the drawing). These partitions are arranged parallel to the plates and inside the housing to define three chambers there: two end chambers 80 and 82 into which the inlet manifold 26 and the outlet manifold 28 open respectively, and an intermediate chamber 84. The latter communicates respectively with the chambers 80 and 82 thanks to passage openings 86 and 88 of chosen configuration which are provided respectively by the partitions 76 and 78. The openings 86 and 88 are not aligned axially in a direction parallel to the axis d 'stacking XX and this to allow forced circulation, against the current, in said chambers.
  • the partitions 76 and 78 each play the role of a plate at the same time and are each associated with a normal plate 30 (shown in broken lines in Figure 7) to form each times a pair of plates delimiting a blade for the circulation of oil.
  • the partition 76 has the general configuration of a plate and has lips 32 and 34, as well as lips 42 and 46 respectively limiting two openings 40 and 44.
  • the partition 76 has an extension 90 specific to s' extend to region 52 of the housing. In other words, this extension 90 comes to bear, preferably sealed, against the internal face of the casing of the housing, in the region of the walls 18, 22 and 24. It will be noted that the partition 76 does not extend not up to the region 50 of the housing so as to delimit the passage 86 defined above.
  • the partition 78 shown in FIG. 6 has a shape symmetrical to that of the partition 76 with respect to an axis YY as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the partition 78 thus has an extension 92 which extends into the internal space 50 of the housing.
  • the internal space 52 of the housing is not divided, so as to provide the opening 88 above. Thanks to the heat exchanger of FIGS. 4 to 7, better heat exchange is obtained since the coolant first circulates in the chamber 80 in the blades 54, then passes through the partition 76 through the opening 86, then flows against the current in the chamber 84 and in the blades 54 contained in this chamber, then crosses the opening 88 to reach the chamber 82 where it flows against the current to finally leave the housing through the pipe 28.
  • FIGS 8 to 11 show another alternative embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • this heat exchanger includes elements common with the heat exchanger of Figures 1 to 3 and with that of Figures 4 to 7. These common elements are designated by the same reference numerals.
  • the heat exchanger 94 shown in Figures 8 to 11 comprises two internal partitions 96, 98 which are constituted here by simple flat plates whose general outline is the same as that of the partitions 76 and 78 described above.
  • the partitions 96 and 98 each extend in a plane perpendicular to the axis XX and are arranged at a distance from each other so as to define three chambers inside the housing: two chambers 100 and 102 in which respectively open the pipes 26 and 28 and an intermediate chamber 104.
  • the partitions 96 and 98 provide respective openings 106 and 108 allowing communication between the three aforementioned chambers.
  • the partition 96 has an extension 110 extending into the internal region 52 of the housing, the internal region 50 being free to form the opening 106 above.
  • the partition 98 has an extension 112 extending as far as the internal region 50, the internal region 52 being free to form the opening 108.
  • the operation of the exchanger 94 is the same as that of the exchanger 74 described above.
  • FIGS. 12 to 15 show a heat exchanger 104 which is similar to the heat exchanger 94 of FIGS. 8 to 11.
  • the exchanger 104 comprises three housing elements 12a, 12b and 12c, the respective envelopes of which are assembled end to end.
  • the elements 12a and 12b include respective edges 106a and 106b.
  • partitions 110 and 112 Inside the housing thus formed are arranged two partitions 110 and 112, in the form of a flat plate, the shape of which resembles that of the partitions 96 and 98 described. previously. These partitions define, inside the housing, two end chambers 114 and 116 into which the pipes 26 and 28 respectively open, and an intermediate chamber 118. These chambers communicate with each other by openings 120 and 122 which are respectively provided by the partitions 114 and 116.
  • the partitions 110 and 112 have respective folded edges 108b and 108c.
  • the folded edge 108b of the partition 110 is capable of receiving, preferably in a sealed manner, the edge 106a of the element 12a, while the end 119 of element 12b bears on said partition so that the latter is trapped between the two elements 12a and 12b.
  • the end 121 of the element 12c is held captive between the elements 12b and 12c.
  • the operation of the heat exchanger 104 is the same as that of the heat exchangers 74 and 94 described above.
  • FIGS. 16 to 19 show a heat exchanger 124 in another embodiment.
  • the exchanger has three housing elements 126a, 126b and 126c. These housing elements comprise respective envelopes 128a, 128b and 128c each attached to an annular bottom 130a, 130b and 130c. At their opposite end, the envelopes 128a and 128b have a flared edge 132a, 132b allowing the direct fitting of the element 126a on the element 126b and the direct fitting of the element 126b on the element 126c.
  • the housing bottoms 130b and 130c directly constitute the partitions of the housing and have a general shape which is similar to that of the partitions 110 and 112 of the exchanger 104. In particular the bottoms 130b and 130c provide respective openings 134 and 136 for the passage of the coolant from one chamber to the other.
  • the operation of the exchanger 124 is the same as that of the exchangers 74, 94 and 104 described above.
  • FIGS. 20 to 22 show another heat exchanger capable of being used more particularly for cooling the oil coming from an automatic gearbox.
  • the heat exchanger 138 shown in these figures is formed by the assembly of three housing elements 140a, 140b and 140c.
  • These elements comprise respective envelopes 142a, 142b and 142c which have, in cross section, the general shape of an elongated octagon (FIG. 21).
  • the envelopes 142a, 142b and 142c each depend on a bottom 144a, 144b and 144c.
  • the envelopes 142a and 142b have a free flared edge respectively 146a and 146b allowing the fitting of the element 140a in the item 140b and the fitting of the latter in the item 140c.
  • the elements 140a and 140c are respectively provided with an inlet pipe 148 and an outlet pipe 150 for the coolant.
  • the three housing elements thus define three chambers: two end chambers 152 and 154 into which the pipes 148 and 150 open respectively, and an intermediate chamber 156.
  • the bottoms 144b and 144c which each appear in half-section in FIG. 21 , constitute at the same time the partitions of the exchanger and have an elongated octagonal shape. They respectively have openings of passages 158 and 160 arranged in a non-aligned manner.
  • the heat exchanger 138 further comprises two tubes 162 and 164 which pass through the housing elements and which are each provided with a longitudinal slot 166 respectively 168. These two tubes pass through respective openings 170 and 172 of the bottoms 144b and 144c ( Figure 21).
  • the exchanger comprises four pairs of plates 174 in the chamber 152 and similarly four pairs of plates (not shown) in each of the other two chambers. These plates do not extend to the two end walls 176 and 178 so as to provide empty spaces inside the housing.
  • the coolant enters through the inlet pipe 148, circulates in the chamber 152, passes through the opening 158, flows against the current in the chamber 156, passes through the opening 160, flows against the current in the chamber 154 and leaves the exchanger via the outlet pipe 150.
  • the oil enters through the split tube 164 and is distributed inside the blades defined between the pairs of plates 174 and leaves the exchanger through the split tube 162.

Description

L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur du type à lames selon le préambule de la revendication 1. Un tel échangeur est connu et destiné à réaliser un échange thermique entre deux fluides et utilisable notamment pour le refroidissement de l'huile de lubrification, c'est-à-dire de l'huile du moteur et/ou de l'huile de la boîte de vitesses, d'un véhicule automobile.The invention relates to a plate-type heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1. Such an exchanger is known and intended to carry out a heat exchange between two fluids and usable in particular for cooling the lubricating oil, it that is to say engine oil and / or gearbox oil, of a motor vehicle.

Dans cet échangeur de chaleur connu, les plaques sont identiques et ont chacune la forme générale d'un disque qui présente une lèvre périphérique circulaire et une lèvre intérieure circulaire. Ainsi, lorsque les lèvres homologues de deux plaques en vis-à-vis, faisant partie d'une même paire, sont réunies entre elles, par exemple par brasage, ces deux plaques définissent une lame annulaire pour la circulation du premier fluide, par exemple de l'huile.In this known heat exchanger, the plates are identical and each have the general shape of a disc which has a circular peripheral lip and a lip. circular interior. Thus, when the homologous lips of two facing plates, forming part of the same pair, are joined together, for example by brazing, these two plates define an annular blade for the circulation of the first fluid, for example oil.

Pour assurer le passage de l'huile d'une paire de plaques à une autre, chaque lame comporte deux ouvertures de passage diamétralement opposées, à savoir une ouverture d'entrée et une ouverture de sortie, chaque ouverture étant bordée par une lèvre susceptible d'être réunie de manière étanche à une lèvre homologue d'une plaque adjacente.To ensure the passage of oil from one pair of plates to another, each blade has two diametrically opposite passage openings, namely an inlet opening and an outlet opening, each opening being bordered by a lip capable of '' be joined tightly to a homologous lip of an adjacent plate.

Cet échangeur de chaleur connu est utilisé tout particulièrement pour le refroidissement de l'huile de lubrification issue d'un bloc moteur et il comporte un tube central autour duquel sont enfilées les plaques en forme de disque et à l'intérieur duquel est engagé un axe fileté servant, d'une part, à la fixation de l'échangeur de chaleur sur le bloc moteur et, d'autre part, à la fixation d'un filtre à huile sur l'échangeur de chaleur. Le tube creux sert alors au retour de l'huile vers le bloc moteur, soit directement dans le tube, soit par l'intermédiaire de l'axe fileté qui est alors réalisé creux.This known heat exchanger is used in particular for cooling the lubricating oil from an engine block and it has a central tube around which the disc-shaped plates are threaded and inside which an axis is engaged. threaded on the one hand for fixing the heat exchanger on the engine block and on the other hand for fixing an oil filter on the heat exchanger. The hollow tube is then used to return the oil to the engine block, either directly in the tube, or via the threaded axis which is then made hollow.

En outre, cet échangeur de chaleur connu comporte un bipasse muni d'un clapet qui est normalement ouvert lorsque l'huile est froide et visqueuse et fermé lorsque l'huile est chaude et fluide. Dans la position d'ouverture du clapet, l'huile traverse directement l'échangeur depuis l'entrée jusqu'au bipasse, en passant par les ouvertures d'entrée des plaques, pour parvenir directement au filtre et revenir au moteur par le tube ou l'axe central, l'huile n'étant alors pas refroidie. Dans la position de fermeture du clapet, l'huile est distribuée dans chaque lame par les ouvertures d'entrée des plaques et l'huile quitte chaque lame par les ouvertures de sortie des plaques pour parvenir vers un passage communiquant avec le filtre, le retour vers le moteur s'effectuant par le conduit ou l'axe central, l'huile étant alors refroidie par échange thermique avec le liquide de refroidissement.In addition, this known heat exchanger comprises a bypass fitted with a valve which is normally open when the oil is cold and viscous and closed when the oil is hot and fluid. In the valve open position, the oil flows directly through the exchanger from the inlet to the bypass, passing through the inlet openings on the plates, to reach the filter directly and return to the engine via the tube or the central axis, the oil then not being cooled. In the closed position of the valve, the oil is distributed in each blade through the inlet openings of plates and the oil leaves each blade through the outlet openings of the plates to reach a passage communicating with the filter, the return to the engine being effected by the duct or the central axis, the oil then being cooled by heat exchange with the coolant.

Il a été constaté, toutefois, qu'un tel échangeur de chaleur ne permettait pas d'avoir un échange thermique optimal.It has been found, however, that such a heat exchanger does not allow optimal heat exchange.

On connaît, par ailleurs, d'après le FR-A-2 214 873, un échangeur de chaleur à lames qui permet d'augmenter les performances d'échange thermique, mais cela au prix d'une structure beaucoup plus complexe que celle de l'échangeur de chaleur connu évoqué plus haut.Furthermore, from FR-A-2 214 873, a leaf heat exchanger is known which makes it possible to increase the heat exchange performance, but this at the cost of a much more complex structure than that of the known heat exchanger mentioned above.

L'invention a essentiellement pour but de proposer un échangeur de chaleur à lames, du type défini en introduction, qui permet d'optimiser l'échange thermique, et cela sans qu'il soit nécessaire de prévoir des moyens de structure complexe et coûteux.The object of the invention is essentially to propose a plate heat exchanger, of the type defined in the introduction, which makes it possible to optimize the heat exchange, and this without it being necessary to provide means of complex and costly structure.

L'invention propose, à cet effet, un échangeur de chaleur à lames, tel que défini en introduction, qui, selon de l'invention, comprend au moins deux cloisons internes disposées parallèlement aux plaques à l'intérieur du boîtier pour y délimiter au moins trois chambres contenant chacune un nombre défini de plaques, à savoir deux chambres d'extrémité dans lesquelles débouchent respectivement la tubulure d'entrée et la tubulure de sortie du second fluide, et au moins une chambre intermédiaire, en ce que chaque cloison comporte une ouverture de passage de configuration choisie pour assurer la circulation du second fluide d'une chambre à l'autre en créant une circulation forcée, et en ce que les ouvertures de passage respectives de deux cloisons adjacentes ne sont pas alignées suivant une direction parallèle à la direction d'empilage pour créer une circulation à contre-courant du second fluide d'une chambre à l'autre.The invention provides, for this purpose, a plate heat exchanger, as defined in the introduction, which, according to the invention, comprises at least two internal partitions arranged parallel to the plates inside the housing to delimit therein. at least three chambers each containing a defined number of plates, namely two end chambers into which the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold of the second fluid open respectively, and at least one intermediate chamber, in that each partition has a passage opening of configuration chosen to ensure the circulation of the second fluid from one chamber to the other by creating a forced circulation, and in that the respective passage openings of two adjacent partitions are not not aligned in a direction parallel to the stacking direction to create a counter-current circulation of the second fluid from one chamber to another.

On optimise ainsi les performances de l'échangeur à lames au moyen d'un circuit du second fluide, par exemple du fluide de refroidissement, que l'on peut qualifier de "multipasse" dans la mesure où ce fluide traverse successivement plusieurs chambres à l'intérieur du boîtier.This optimizes the performance of the leaf heat exchanger by means of a circuit of the second fluid, for example cooling fluid, which can be described as "multi-pass" insofar as this fluid successively passes through several chambers at l inside the housing.

Dans une première forme de réalisation de l'invention, chaque cloison joue en même temps le rôle d'une plaque et présente la configuration générale d'une plaque qui est munie d'au moins un prolongement de manière que la cloison occupe toute la section transversale du boîtier, ledit prolongement étant muni de l'ouverture de passage précitée.In a first embodiment of the invention, each partition simultaneously plays the role of a plate and has the general configuration of a plate which is provided with at least one extension so that the partition occupies the entire section transverse of the housing, said extension being provided with the aforementioned passage opening.

Dans une seconde forme générale de réalisation de l'invention, chaque cloison est une plaque plane qui est propre à être disposée entre deux paires de plaques adjacentes et qui présente des moyens de passage du premier fluide entre lesdites paires adjacentes, ladite cloison occupant toute la section transversale du boîtier et ménageant l'ouverture de passage du second fluide.In a second general embodiment of the invention, each partition is a flat plate which is suitable for being disposed between two pairs of adjacent plates and which has means for the passage of the first fluid between said adjacent pairs, said partition occupying all of the cross section of the housing and sparing the opening for the passage of the second fluid.

Dans une première variante de cette seconde forme de réalisatiion, le boîtier comporte un seule enveloppe et chaque cloison est rapportée à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe.In a first variant of this second embodiment, the housing comprises a single envelope and each partition is attached to the interior of the envelope.

Dans une autre variante, le boîtier est formé de plusieurs éléments de boîtier possédant des enveloppes respectives qui sont assemblées bout à bout, chaque cloison étant maintenue à sa périphérie dans l'assemblage de deux enveloppes.In another variant, the housing is formed of several housing elements having respective envelopes which are assembled end to end, each partition being held at its periphery in the assembly of two envelopes.

Dans une autre variante, le boîtier est formé de plusieurs éléments de boîtier comportant chacun une enveloppe et un fond qui sont assemblés bout à bout, chaque cloison étant formée par le fond d'un élément de boîtier.In another variant, the housing is formed of several housing elements each comprising an envelope and a bottom which are assembled end to end, each partition being formed by the bottom of a housing element.

Dans la description qui suit, faite seulement à titre d'exemple, on se réfère aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un échangeur de chaleur à lames conforme à la technique antérieure ;
  • la figure 2 est un détail de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne III-III de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe d'un échangeur de chaleur à lames selon une première forme de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne V-V de la figure 4 ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne VI-VI de la figure 4 ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne VII-VII de la figure 5 ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un échangeur de chaleur selon une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 9 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne IX-IX de la figure 8 ;
  • la figure 10 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne X-X de la figure 8 ;
  • la figure 11 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne XI-XI de la figure 9 ;
  • la figure 12 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un échangeur de chaleur à lames selon une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 13 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne XIII-XIII de la figure 12 ;
  • la figure 14 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne XIV-XIV de la figure 12 ;
  • la figure 15 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne XV-XV de la figure 13 ;
  • la figure 16 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un échangeur de chaleur à lames selon une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 17 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne XVII-XVII de la figure 16 ;
  • la figure 18 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne XVIII-XVIII de la figure 16 ;
  • la figure 19 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne XIX-XIX de la figure 17 ;
  • la figure 20 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un échangeur de chaleur à lames selon l'invention, dans une autre forme de réalisation ;
  • la figure 21 est une vue en demi-coupe suivant la ligne XXIA-XXIA de la figure 20 et en demi-coupe suivant la ligne XXIB-XXIB de la figure 20 ; et
  • la figure 22 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne XXII-XXII de la figure 21.
In the description which follows, given solely by way of example, reference is made to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a leaf heat exchanger according to the prior art;
  • Figure 2 is a detail of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of a leaf heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view along line VV of Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view along line VI-VI of Figure 4;
  • Figure 7 is a sectional view along line VII-VII of Figure 5;
  • Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat exchanger according to another embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 9 is a sectional view along line IX-IX of Figure 8;
  • Figure 10 is a sectional view along line XX of Figure 8;
  • Figure 11 is a sectional view along line XI-XI of Figure 9;
  • Figure 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of a leaf heat exchanger according to another embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 13 is a sectional view along line XIII-XIII of Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a sectional view along line XIV-XIV of Figure 12;
  • Figure 15 is a sectional view along line XV-XV of Figure 13;
  • FIG. 16 is a view in longitudinal section of a plate heat exchanger according to another embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 17 is a sectional view along the line XVII-XVII of Figure 16;
  • Figure 18 is a sectional view along line XVIII-XVIII of Figure 16;
  • Figure 19 is a sectional view along line XIX-XIX of Figure 17;
  • Figure 20 is a longitudinal sectional view of a leaf heat exchanger according to the invention, in another embodiment;
  • Figure 21 is a half-sectional view along the line XXIA-XXIA of Figure 20 and in half-section along the line XXIB-XXIB of Figure 20; and
  • FIG. 22 is a sectional view along line XXII-XXII of FIG. 21.

On se réfère tout d'abord aux figures 1 à 3 qui montrent un échangeur de chaleur à lames, selon la technique antérieure, utilisable pour le refroidissement de l'huile du moteur d'un véhicule automobile. L'échangeur 10 comprend un boîtier 12 possédant une paroi d'enveloppe définie par des génératrices parallèles à un axe XX. Cette paroi d'enveloppe (figure 3) comprend une paroi semi-cylindrique 14 qui se raccorde à deux parois planes parallèles 16 et 18, ces dernières se raccordant, respectivement par des bords arrondis 20 et 22, à une paroi plane 24 perpendiculaire aux parois 16 et 18. De la paroi 24 dépendent deux tubulures 26 et 28 servant respectivement à l'entrée et à la sortie du liquide de refroidissement, par exemple de l'eau glycolée.First of all, reference is made to FIGS. 1 to 3 which show a leaf heat exchanger, according to the prior art, usable for cooling the engine oil of a motor vehicle. The exchanger 10 comprises a housing 12 having a casing wall defined by generators parallel to an axis XX. This envelope wall (FIG. 3) comprises a semi-cylindrical wall 14 which is connected to two parallel flat walls 16 and 18, the latter connecting, respectively by rounded edges 20 and 22, to a flat wall 24 perpendicular to the walls. 16 and 18. From the wall 24 depend two pipes 26 and 28 respectively serving for the inlet and the outlet of the cooling liquid, for example glycol water.

L'échangeur comporte en outre un empilage de plaques 30 disposées par paires et de façon alternée à l'intérieur du boîtier, suivant une direction d'empilage d'axe X-X. Les plaques 30, encore appelées "demi-plaques", sont identiques et ont chacune la forme générale d'un disque qui présente une lèvre périphérique circulaire 32 et une lèvre intérieure circulaire 34 (figure 3). Les lèvres 32 et 34 sont dans un même plan alors que la région annulaire 36 de la plaque 30, qui est comprise entre les deux lèvres 32 et 34, se situe dans un plan différent de celui des deux lèvres 32 et 34. Ainsi lorsque les lèvres homologues de deux plaques en vis-à-vis sont réunies entre elles pour former une paire, ces deux plaques définissent une lame annulaire 38 (figures 1 et 2) pour la circulation de l'huile.The exchanger further comprises a stack of plates 30 arranged in pairs and alternately inside of the housing, in a stacking direction of axis XX. The plates 30, also called "half-plates", are identical and each have the general shape of a disc which has a circular peripheral lip 32 and a circular inner lip 34 (FIG. 3). The lips 32 and 34 are in the same plane while the annular region 36 of the plate 30, which is between the two lips 32 and 34, is located in a plane different from that of the two lips 32 and 34. Thus when the homologous lips of two facing plates are joined together to form a pair, these two plates define an annular blade 38 (Figures 1 and 2) for the circulation of oil.

Pour assurer le passage de l'huile d'une paire de plaques à une autre, c'est-à-dire d'une lame 38 à une autre, chaque lame comporte deux ouvertures de passage diamétralement opposées à savoir une ouverture d'entrée 40 limitée par une lèvre périphérique 42 et une ouverture de sortie 44 limitée par une lèvre périphérique 46. Chacune des lèvres 42 et 46 est susceptible d'être réunie de manière étanche à une ouverture homologue d'une plaque adjacente. Les plaques 30 sont réunies entre elles de préférence par brasage et la pile des plaques est insérée dans le boîtier autour d'un tube central 48 d'axe XX. Ainsi les lèvres 34 des plaques 30 viennent en contact contre la surface externe du tube 48 tandis que les lèvres 32 viennent en contact contre la face interne de la paroi 14 et viennent affleurer la face interne de la paroi 24, ce qui permet de ménager deux régions 50 et 52 (figure 3) pour la circulation du liquide de refroidissement à l'intérieur du boîtier. Les paires de plaques 30 définissent entre elles, et à leur périphérie à l'intérieur du boîtier, des lames 54 (figures 1 et 2) qui communiquent entre elles et communiquent avec les régions 50 et 52.To ensure the passage of oil from one pair of plates to another, that is to say from one blade 38 to another, each blade has two diametrically opposite passage openings, namely an inlet opening 40 limited by a peripheral lip 42 and an outlet opening 44 limited by a peripheral lip 46. Each of the lips 42 and 46 is capable of being joined in leaktight manner to a homologous opening of an adjacent plate. The plates 30 are joined together preferably by brazing and the stack of plates is inserted into the housing around a central tube 48 of axis XX. Thus the lips 34 of the plates 30 come into contact against the external surface of the tube 48 while the lips 32 come into contact against the internal face of the wall 14 and come flush with the internal face of the wall 24, which makes it possible to provide two regions 50 and 52 (FIG. 3) for the circulation of the coolant inside the housing. The pairs of plates 30 define between them, and at their periphery inside the housing, blades 54 (FIGS. 1 and 2) which communicate with each other and communicate with the regions 50 and 52.

L'échangeur de chaleur 10 comprend en outre un fond annulaire 56 qui présente une ouverture 58 située dans l'alignement des ouvertures 40 et constituant l'entrée d'huile de l'échangeur. Le fond 56 est maintenu par une coupelle porte-joint 60 disposée entre l'enveloppe du boîtier et le tube central 48.The heat exchanger 10 further comprises an annular bottom 56 which has an opening 58 located in alignment with the openings 40 and constituting the oil inlet of the exchanger. The bottom 56 is held by a seal-holder cup 60 placed between the casing of the housing and the central tube 48.

A son autre extrémité, l'échangeur de chaleur comprend une coupelle porte-joint 62 reliée à l'enveloppe du boîtier et au tube central 48. La coupelle 62 comporte un bipasse 64 situé dans l'alignement axial des ouvertures 40 et contrôlé par un clapet 66, ainsi qu'une ouverture de passage 68 disposée dans l'alignement des ouvertures 44.At its other end, the heat exchanger comprises a seal holder cup 62 connected to the casing of the housing and to the central tube 48. The cup 62 has a bypass 64 located in the axial alignment of the openings 40 and controlled by a valve 66, as well as a passage opening 68 arranged in alignment with the openings 44.

L'échangeur de chaleur 10 est destiné à être fixé sur un bloc moteur 70 et à recevoir un filtre à huile 72, la fixation de l'échangeur sur le bloc moteur et la fixation du filtre à huile 72 sur l'échangeur s'effectuant par exemple au moyen d'un axe fileté creux (non représenté) de la manière décrite dans le Brevet français No 73 02134 déjà cité.The heat exchanger 10 is intended to be fixed on an engine block 70 and to receive an oil filter 72, the fixing of the exchanger on the engine block and the fixing of the oil filter 72 on the exchanger taking place for example by means of a hollow threaded pin (not shown) as described in French Patent No 73 02134 already cited.

L'échangeur 10 fonctionne de la manière suivante. Lorsque l'huile est froide et visqueuse, elle pénètre dans l'échangeur 10 par l'ouverture 58 et, sous l'effet de la viscosité élevée de l'huile froide, il en résulte une élévation de la pression qui provoque l'ouverture du clapet 66. L'huile traverse directement l'échangeur de l'entrée 58 au bipasse 64 par les ouvertures 40 ménagées dans les plaques 30. L'huile traverse ensuite le filtre et revient vers le bloc moteur par le tube central 48.The exchanger 10 operates in the following manner. When the oil is cold and viscous, it enters the exchanger 10 through the opening 58 and, under the effect of the high viscosity of the cold oil, this results in a rise in the pressure which causes the opening of the valve 66. The oil passes directly through the exchanger from the inlet 58 to the bypass 64 through the openings 40 formed in the plates 30. The oil then passes through the filter and returns to the engine block via the central tube 48.

Lorsque l'huile est chaude et fluide, le clapet 66 est fermé. L'huile est alors distribuée dans chaque lame 38 par les ouvertures 40 et l'huile ressort de chaque lame par les ouvertures 44 pour parvenir jusqu'à l'ouverture 68. L'huile traverse ensuite le filtre et revient au bloc moteur par le tube central 48.When the oil is hot and fluid, the valve 66 is closed. The oil is then distributed in each blade 38 through the openings 40 and the oil leaves each blade through the openings 44 to reach the opening 68. The oil then passes through the filter and returns to the engine block through the central tube 48.

Comme indiqué plus haut, cet échangeur de chaleur connu ne permet pas un échange thermique optimal entre le liquide de refroidissement et l'huile.As indicated above, this known heat exchanger does not allow an optimal heat exchange between the coolant and the oil.

On se réfère maintenant aux figures 4 à 7 qui montrent un échangeur de chaleur 74 selon l'invention qui reprend la structure générale de l'échangeur de chaleur 10 des figures 1 à 3. Par conséquent, les éléments communs aux deux échangeurs sont désignés par les mêmes références numériques.Reference is now made to FIGS. 4 to 7 which show a heat exchanger 74 according to the invention which takes up the general structure of the heat exchanger 10 of FIGS. 1 to 3. Consequently, the elements common to the two exchangers are designated by the same reference numbers.

Conformément à l'invention, l'échangeur 74 comprend en outre deux cloisons 76 et 78 dont la disposition relative apparaît le mieux sur la figure 7 (sur laquelle les plaques 30 n'ont pas été représentées pour la clarté du dessin). Ces cloisons sont disposées parallèlement aux plaques et à l'intérieur du boîtier pour y définir trois chambres: deux chambres d'extrémités 80 et 82 dans lesquelles débouchent respectivement la tubulure d'entrée 26 et la tubulure de sortie 28 et une chambre intermédiaire 84. Cette dernière communique respectivement avec les chambres 80 et 82 grâce à des ouvertures de passage 86 et 88 de configuration choisie que ménagent respectivement les cloisons 76 et 78. Les ouvertures 86 et 88 ne sont pas alignées axialement dans une direction parallèle à l'axe d'empilage XX et cela pour permettre une circulation forcée, à contre-courant, dans lesdites chambres.According to the invention, the exchanger 74 further comprises two partitions 76 and 78, the relative arrangement of which appears best in FIG. 7 (in which the plates 30 have not been shown for the sake of clarity of the drawing). These partitions are arranged parallel to the plates and inside the housing to define three chambers there: two end chambers 80 and 82 into which the inlet manifold 26 and the outlet manifold 28 open respectively, and an intermediate chamber 84. The latter communicates respectively with the chambers 80 and 82 thanks to passage openings 86 and 88 of chosen configuration which are provided respectively by the partitions 76 and 78. The openings 86 and 88 are not aligned axially in a direction parallel to the axis d 'stacking XX and this to allow forced circulation, against the current, in said chambers.

Dans la forme de réalisation des figures 4 à 7, les cloisons 76 et 78 jouent chacune en même temps le rôle d'une plaque et sont associées chacune avec une plaque normale 30 (représentée en traits interrompus sur la figure 7) pour former à chaque fois une paire de plaques délimitant une lame pour la circulation d'huile. Comme montré à la figure 5, la cloison 76 présente la configuration générale d'une plaque et comporte des lèvres 32 et 34, ainsi que des lèvres 42 et 46 limitant respectivement deux ouvertures 40 et 44. Toutefois, la cloison 76 comporte un prolongement 90 propre à s'étendre jusque dans la région 52 du boîtier. En d'autres termes, ce prolongement 90 vient en appui, de préférence étanche, contre la face interne de l'enveloppe du boîtier, dans la région des parois 18, 22 et 24. On notera, que la cloison 76 ne s'étend pas jusqu'à la région 50 du boîtier de manière à délimiter le passage 86 défini précédemment.In the embodiment of Figures 4 to 7, the partitions 76 and 78 each play the role of a plate at the same time and are each associated with a normal plate 30 (shown in broken lines in Figure 7) to form each times a pair of plates delimiting a blade for the circulation of oil. As shown in the Figure 5, the partition 76 has the general configuration of a plate and has lips 32 and 34, as well as lips 42 and 46 respectively limiting two openings 40 and 44. However, the partition 76 has an extension 90 specific to s' extend to region 52 of the housing. In other words, this extension 90 comes to bear, preferably sealed, against the internal face of the casing of the housing, in the region of the walls 18, 22 and 24. It will be noted that the partition 76 does not extend not up to the region 50 of the housing so as to delimit the passage 86 defined above.

La cloison 78 représentée à la figure 6 a une forme symétrique de celle de la cloison 76 par rapport à un axe YY comme représenté à la figure 5. La cloison 78 présente ainsi un prolongement 92 qui s'étend jusque dans l'espace interne 50 du boîtier. Par contre, l'espace interne 52 du boîtier n'est pas divisé, de manière à ménager l'ouverture 88 précitée. Grâce à l'échangeur de chaleur des figures 4 à 7, on obtient un meilleur échange thermique étant donné que le liquide de refroidissement circule d'abord dans la chambre 80 dans les lames 54, traverse ensuite la cloison 76 par l'ouverture 86, circule ensuite à contre-courant dans la chambre 84 et dans les lames 54 contenues dans cette chambre, traverse ensuite l'ouverture 88 pour parvenir dans la chambre 82 où il circule à contre-courant pour enfin quitter le boîtier par la tubulure 28.The partition 78 shown in FIG. 6 has a shape symmetrical to that of the partition 76 with respect to an axis YY as shown in FIG. 5. The partition 78 thus has an extension 92 which extends into the internal space 50 of the housing. By cons, the internal space 52 of the housing is not divided, so as to provide the opening 88 above. Thanks to the heat exchanger of FIGS. 4 to 7, better heat exchange is obtained since the coolant first circulates in the chamber 80 in the blades 54, then passes through the partition 76 through the opening 86, then flows against the current in the chamber 84 and in the blades 54 contained in this chamber, then crosses the opening 88 to reach the chamber 82 where it flows against the current to finally leave the housing through the pipe 28.

On se réfère maintenant aux figures 8 à 11 qui montrent une autre variante de réalisation d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention. Là encore, cet échangeur de chaleur comporte des éléments communs avec l'échangeur de chaleur des figures 1 à 3 et avec celui des figures 4 à 7. Ces éléments communs sont désignés par les mêmes références numériques.Referring now to Figures 8 to 11 which show another alternative embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention. Again, this heat exchanger includes elements common with the heat exchanger of Figures 1 to 3 and with that of Figures 4 to 7. These common elements are designated by the same reference numerals.

L'échangeur de chaleur 94 représenté aux figures 8 à 11 comporte deux cloisons internes 96, 98 qui sont constituées ici par de simples plaques planes dont le contour général est le même que celui des cloisons 76 et 78 décrites précédemment. Les cloisons 96 et 98 s'étendent chacune dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe XX et sont disposées à distance l'une de l'autre de manière à définir trois chambres à l'intérieur du boîtier: deux chambres 100 et 102 dans lesquelles débouchent respectivement les tubulures 26 et 28 et une chambre intermédiaire 104. Les cloisons 96 et 98 ménagent des ouvertures respectives 106 et 108 permettant la communication entre les trois chambres précitées. Comme montré à la figure 9, la cloison 96 comporte un prolongement 110 s'étendant jusque dans la région interne 52 du boîtier, la région interne 50 étant libre pour ménager l'ouverture 106 précitée.The heat exchanger 94 shown in Figures 8 to 11 comprises two internal partitions 96, 98 which are constituted here by simple flat plates whose general outline is the same as that of the partitions 76 and 78 described above. The partitions 96 and 98 each extend in a plane perpendicular to the axis XX and are arranged at a distance from each other so as to define three chambers inside the housing: two chambers 100 and 102 in which respectively open the pipes 26 and 28 and an intermediate chamber 104. The partitions 96 and 98 provide respective openings 106 and 108 allowing communication between the three aforementioned chambers. As shown in Figure 9, the partition 96 has an extension 110 extending into the internal region 52 of the housing, the internal region 50 being free to form the opening 106 above.

De façon correspondante, la cloison 98 comporte un prolongement 112 s'étendant jusque dans la région interne 50, la région interne 52 étant libre pour ménager l'ouverture 108.Correspondingly, the partition 98 has an extension 112 extending as far as the internal region 50, the internal region 52 being free to form the opening 108.

Le fonctionnement de l'échangeur 94 est le même que celui de l'échangeur 74 décrit précédemment.The operation of the exchanger 94 is the same as that of the exchanger 74 described above.

On se réfère maintenant aux figures 12 à 15 qui montrent un échangeur de chaleur 104 qui s'apparente à l'échangeur de chaleur 94 des figures 8 à 11.Reference is now made to FIGS. 12 to 15 which show a heat exchanger 104 which is similar to the heat exchanger 94 of FIGS. 8 to 11.

L'échangeur 104 comprend trois éléments de boîtier 12a, 12b et 12c dont les enveloppes respectives sont assemblées bout à bout. Les éléments 12a et 12b comprennent des bords respectifs 106a et 106b.The exchanger 104 comprises three housing elements 12a, 12b and 12c, the respective envelopes of which are assembled end to end. The elements 12a and 12b include respective edges 106a and 106b.

A l'intérieur du boîtier ainsi constitué sont disposées deux cloisons 110 et 112, en forme de plaque plane, dont la forme s'apparente à celle des cloisons 96 et 98 décrites précédemment. Ces cloisons définissent, à l'intérieur du boîtier, deux chambres d'extrémités 114 et 116 dans lesquelles débouchent respectivement les tubulures 26 et 28, et une chambre intermédiaire 118. Ces chambres communiquent entre elles par des ouvertures 120 et 122 que ménagent respectivement les cloisons 114 et 116.Inside the housing thus formed are arranged two partitions 110 and 112, in the form of a flat plate, the shape of which resembles that of the partitions 96 and 98 described. previously. These partitions define, inside the housing, two end chambers 114 and 116 into which the pipes 26 and 28 respectively open, and an intermediate chamber 118. These chambers communicate with each other by openings 120 and 122 which are respectively provided by the partitions 114 and 116.

Comme le montrent respectivement les figures 13 et 14, les cloisons 110 et 112 comportent des bords rabattus respectifs 108b et 108c. Lors de l'assemblage des éléments de boîtier 12a, 12b et 12c, le bord rabattu 108b de la cloison 110 est apte à recevoir, de préférence de manière étanche, le bord 106a de l'élément 12a, alors que l'extrémité 119 de l'élément 12b porte sur ladite cloison de manière à ce que celle-ci soit prisonnière entre les deux éléments 12a et 12b. De façon correspondante, l'extrémité 121 de l'élément 12c est maintenue prisonnière entre les éléments 12b et 12c.As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 respectively, the partitions 110 and 112 have respective folded edges 108b and 108c. When assembling the housing elements 12a, 12b and 12c, the folded edge 108b of the partition 110 is capable of receiving, preferably in a sealed manner, the edge 106a of the element 12a, while the end 119 of element 12b bears on said partition so that the latter is trapped between the two elements 12a and 12b. Correspondingly, the end 121 of the element 12c is held captive between the elements 12b and 12c.

Le fonctionnement de l'échangeur de chaleur 104 est le même que celui des échangeurs de chaleur 74 et 94 décrits précédemment.The operation of the heat exchanger 104 is the same as that of the heat exchangers 74 and 94 described above.

On se réfère maintenant aux figures 16 à 19 qui montrent un échangeur de chaleur 124 dans une autre forme de réalisation. L'échangeur comporte trois éléments de boîtier 126a, 126b et 126c. Ces éléments de boîtier comportent des enveloppes respectives 128a, 128b et 128c rattachées chacune à un fond annulaire 130a, 130b et 130c. A leur extrémité opposée, les enveloppes 128a et 128b comportent un bord évasé 132a, 132b permettant l'emboîtage direct de l'élément 126a sur l'élément 126b et l'emboîtage direct de l'élément 126b sur l'élément 126c. Les fonds de boîtier 130b et 130c constituent directement les cloisons du boîtier et ont une forme générale qui s'apparente à celle des cloisons 110 et 112 de l'échangeur 104. En particulier les fonds 130b et 130c ménagent des ouvertures respectives 134 et 136 pour le passage du liquide de refroidissement d'une chambre à l'autre. Le fonctionnement de l'échangeur 124 est le même que celui des échangeurs 74, 94 et 104 décrits précédemment.Reference is now made to FIGS. 16 to 19 which show a heat exchanger 124 in another embodiment. The exchanger has three housing elements 126a, 126b and 126c. These housing elements comprise respective envelopes 128a, 128b and 128c each attached to an annular bottom 130a, 130b and 130c. At their opposite end, the envelopes 128a and 128b have a flared edge 132a, 132b allowing the direct fitting of the element 126a on the element 126b and the direct fitting of the element 126b on the element 126c. The housing bottoms 130b and 130c directly constitute the partitions of the housing and have a general shape which is similar to that of the partitions 110 and 112 of the exchanger 104. In particular the bottoms 130b and 130c provide respective openings 134 and 136 for the passage of the coolant from one chamber to the other. The operation of the exchanger 124 is the same as that of the exchangers 74, 94 and 104 described above.

On se réfère maintenant aux figures 20 à 22 qui montrent un autre échangeur de chaleur susceptible d'être utilisé plus particulièrement pour le refroidissement de l'huile provenant d'une boîte de vitesses automatique.Reference is now made to FIGS. 20 to 22 which show another heat exchanger capable of being used more particularly for cooling the oil coming from an automatic gearbox.

L'échangeur de chaleur 138 représenté sur ces figures est formé par l'assemblage de trois éléments de boîtier 140a, 140b et 140c. Ces éléments comportent des enveloppes respectives 142a, 142b et 142c qui présentent, en section transversale, la forme générale d'un octogone allongé (figure 21). Les enveloppes 142a, 142b et 142c dépendent chacune d'un fond 144a, 144b et 144c. Par ailleurs, les enveloppes 142a et 142b comportent un bord libre évasé respectivement 146a et 146b permettant l'emboîtage de l'élément 140a dans l'élément 140b et l'emboîtage de ce dernier dans l'élément 140c. Par ailleurs, les éléments 140a et 140c sont munis respectivement d'une tubulure d'entrée 148 et d'une tubulure de sortie 150 pour le liquide de refroidissement. Les trois éléments de boîtier définissent ainsi trois chambres : deux chambres d'extrémités 152 et 154 dans lesquelles débouchent respectivement les tubulures 148 et 150 et une chambre intermédiaire 156. Les fonds 144b et 144c, qui apparaissent chacun en demi-coupe sur la figure 21, constituent en même temps les cloisons de l'échangeur et ont une forme octogonale allongée. Ils présentent respectivement des ouvertures de passages 158 et 160 disposées de manière non-alignée.The heat exchanger 138 shown in these figures is formed by the assembly of three housing elements 140a, 140b and 140c. These elements comprise respective envelopes 142a, 142b and 142c which have, in cross section, the general shape of an elongated octagon (FIG. 21). The envelopes 142a, 142b and 142c each depend on a bottom 144a, 144b and 144c. Furthermore, the envelopes 142a and 142b have a free flared edge respectively 146a and 146b allowing the fitting of the element 140a in the item 140b and the fitting of the latter in the item 140c. Furthermore, the elements 140a and 140c are respectively provided with an inlet pipe 148 and an outlet pipe 150 for the coolant. The three housing elements thus define three chambers: two end chambers 152 and 154 into which the pipes 148 and 150 open respectively, and an intermediate chamber 156. The bottoms 144b and 144c, which each appear in half-section in FIG. 21 , constitute at the same time the partitions of the exchanger and have an elongated octagonal shape. They respectively have openings of passages 158 and 160 arranged in a non-aligned manner.

L'échangeur de chaleur 138 comprend en outre deux tubes 162 et 164 qui traversent les éléments de boîtier et qui sont munis chacun d'une fente longitudinale 166 respectivement 168. Ces deux tubes traversent des ouvertures respectives 170 et 172 des fonds 144b et 144c (figure 21). Dans chacune des chambres 152, 154 et 156 sont empilées des plaques 174, disposées par paires et de façon alternée. Comme montré sur les figures 20 et 22, l'échangeur comprend quatre paires de plaques 174 dans la chambre 152 et de même quatre paires de plaques (non représentées) dans chacune des deux autres chambres. Ces plaques ne s'étendent pas jusqu'aux deux parois d'extrémités 176 et 178 de manière à ménager des espaces vides à l'intérieur du boîtier.The heat exchanger 138 further comprises two tubes 162 and 164 which pass through the housing elements and which are each provided with a longitudinal slot 166 respectively 168. These two tubes pass through respective openings 170 and 172 of the bottoms 144b and 144c (Figure 21). In each of the chambers 152, 154 and 156 are stacked plates 174, arranged in pairs and alternately. As shown in Figures 20 and 22, the exchanger comprises four pairs of plates 174 in the chamber 152 and similarly four pairs of plates (not shown) in each of the other two chambers. These plates do not extend to the two end walls 176 and 178 so as to provide empty spaces inside the housing.

Le liquide de refroidissement pénètre par la tubulure d'entrée 148, circule dans la chambre 152, passe par l'ouverture 158, circule à contre-courant dans la chambre 156, passe par l'ouverture 160, circule à contre-courant dans la chambre 154 et quitte l'échangeur par la tubulure de sortie 150.The coolant enters through the inlet pipe 148, circulates in the chamber 152, passes through the opening 158, flows against the current in the chamber 156, passes through the opening 160, flows against the current in the chamber 154 and leaves the exchanger via the outlet pipe 150.

L'huile pénètre par le tube fendu 164 et est distribuée à l'intérieur des lames définies entre les paires de plaques 174 et quitte l'échangeur par le tube fendu 162.The oil enters through the split tube 164 and is distributed inside the blades defined between the pairs of plates 174 and leaves the exchanger through the split tube 162.

Bien que l'invention ait été décrite en référence à des échangeurs de chaleur utilisés pour le refroidissement de l'huile de lubrification d'un véhicule automobile, ils peuvent être utilisés, de façon générale, pour l'échange thermique entre deux fluides.Although the invention has been described with reference to heat exchangers used for cooling the lubricating oil of a motor vehicle, they can be used, in general, for heat exchange between two fluids.

Claims (7)

  1. A plate-type heat exchanger adapted to effect heat transfer between a first fluid, for example an oil to be cooled, and a second fluid, for example a coolant liquid, comprising:
    - a casing (for example 12) having a tubular inlet connection (26) and a tubular outlet connection (28) for the second fluid,
    - a stack of plate elements (for example 30) which are disposed in pairs and in opposed relationship within the casing, in a stacking direction XX, so that the plate elements of any one pair together define a hollow plate (38) for flow of the first fluid therein, and so that the pairs of plate elements define at their peripheries, and within the casing, intercommunicating hollow plates (54) for flow of the second fluid therein, and communication means (40, 44) adapted to enable the first fluid to flow between the successive pairs from an inlet (58) for the first fluid to an outlet (68) for the first fluid,
    characterised in that it includes at least two internal baffles (for example 76, 78) which are disposed parallel to the plate elements (30) within the casing so as to delimit therein at least three chambers (80, 82, 84), each of which contains a defined number of plate elements, namely two end chambers (80, 82) into which the tubular inlet connection (26) and the tubular outlet connection (28) for the second fluid are open respectively, and at least one intermediate chamber (84), in that each baffle has a flow opening (86, 88) having a configuration so chosen as to ensure flow of the second fluid from one chamber to the other by setting up forced flow, and in that the respective flow openings (86, 88) of two adjacent baffles are not aligned in a direction parallel to the stacking direction XX, so as to set up contraflow of the second fluid from one chamber to the other.
  2. A heat exchanger according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that each baffle (76, 78) serves the function of a plate element and at the same time has the general configuration of a plate element (30), which is provided with at least one extension portion (90, 92) so that the baffle occupies the whole of the transverse cross section of the casing, while defining the passage opening (86, 88) for the second fluid.
  3. A heat exchanger according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that each baffle (96, 98) is a flat plate which is adapted to be disposed between two adjacent pairs of plate elements, which have passage means for flow of the first fluid between the said adjacent pairs, the said baffle occupying the whole of the transverse cross section of the casing and defining the flow opening (106, 108) for the second fluid.
  4. A heat exchanger according to Claim 3,
    characterised in that the casing (12) includes a single envelope, and in that each baffle (76, 78; 96, 98) is fitted to the interior of the envelope.
  5. A heat exchanger according to Claim 3,
    characterised in that the casing comprises a plurality of casing elements (12a, 12b, 12c) having respective envelopes which are assembled end-to-end, and in that each baffle (110, 112) is maintained at its periphery within the assembly of two envelopes.
  6. A heat exchanger according to Claim 3,
    characterised in that the casing comprises a plurality of casing elements (126a, 126b, 126c; 140a, 140b, 140c), each of which comprises an envelope and a base, and in that each baffle comprises the base (130b, 130c; 144b, 144c) of a casing element.
  7. A heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
    characterised in that the first fluid is a lubricating oil and the second fluid is a coolant liquid, for example water.
EP90403663A 1989-12-21 1990-12-19 Plate-like heat-exchanger, especially for a motor car oil cooler Expired - Lifetime EP0434553B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8917002A FR2656412B1 (en) 1989-12-21 1989-12-21 BLADE HEAT EXCHANGER, PARTICULARLY FOR THE COOLING OF THE LUBRICATING OIL OF A MOTOR VEHICLE.
FR8917002 1989-12-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0434553A1 EP0434553A1 (en) 1991-06-26
EP0434553B1 true EP0434553B1 (en) 1994-03-09

Family

ID=9388827

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90403663A Expired - Lifetime EP0434553B1 (en) 1989-12-21 1990-12-19 Plate-like heat-exchanger, especially for a motor car oil cooler

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5146980A (en)
EP (1) EP0434553B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69007258T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2051490T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2656412B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2051490T3 (en) 1994-06-16
US5146980A (en) 1992-09-15
DE69007258D1 (en) 1994-04-14
EP0434553A1 (en) 1991-06-26
FR2656412A1 (en) 1991-06-28
FR2656412B1 (en) 1995-02-17
DE69007258T2 (en) 1994-06-16

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