EP0430367B1 - Tube à rayons X - Google Patents
Tube à rayons X Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0430367B1 EP0430367B1 EP90203106A EP90203106A EP0430367B1 EP 0430367 B1 EP0430367 B1 EP 0430367B1 EP 90203106 A EP90203106 A EP 90203106A EP 90203106 A EP90203106 A EP 90203106A EP 0430367 B1 EP0430367 B1 EP 0430367B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- anode
- cooling medium
- ray tube
- bearing part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
- H01J35/105—Cooling of rotating anodes, e.g. heat emitting layers or structures
- H01J35/106—Active cooling, e.g. fluid flow, heat pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
- H01J35/105—Cooling of rotating anodes, e.g. heat emitting layers or structures
- H01J35/107—Cooling of the bearing assemblies
Definitions
- the invention relates to an x-ray tube according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such an X-ray tube is known from EP-A 293 791. It is a rotating anode X-ray tube, the inside of which is cooled by a rotating coolant. After it has passed the focal spot path, the coolant flows through a cavity in which there is a tube through which the coolant is supplied. The coolant flows in the space between the tube and the cavity to a fixed outlet opening. So that the speed of rotation of the coolant is reduced, a spiral-shaped coolant guide device is arranged on the outer surface of the tube, by means of which the coolant is forced to flow around the tube in a spiral.
- the object of the present invention is to design an X-ray tube of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that good cooling also results on the lateral surfaces of the cylindrical cavity. This object is achieved by the measures specified in claim 1.
- the coolant guide device prevents the coolant flow in the space between the pipe and the inner surfaces of the anode body, which delimit the cylindrical cavity, run exclusively in the longitudinal direction of the tube, and forces the coolant to flow around the tube. This causes turbulence of the coolant flow on the inner surfaces, which results in improved cooling.
- the coolant flow can only pass through an opening in a pane in the area between this pane and the subsequent pane. Since the openings in successive disks are each offset by 180 ° (with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tube), the coolant flow must flow from opening to opening in an arc of 180 ° around the tube.
- the anode is a rotating anode, which is mounted by means of a bearing which has a rotating bearing part and a fixed bearing part, a liquid lubricant being located between the bearing parts, and that the fixed bearing part is open to the outside has cylindrical cavity in which the cooler is arranged.
- the described rotating anode X-ray tubes in particular those with a spiral groove bearing, show a temperature distribution during operation which requires effective cooling of the cylindrical outer surfaces of the cavity in the anode body.
- the rotary anode X-ray tube shown in FIG. 1 has a metal piston 1 to which the cathode is attached via a first insulator 2 and the rotary anode is attached via a second insulator 4.
- the rotating anode has an anode disk 5, on the surface of which is opposite the cathode 3, when a high voltage is switched on, X-ray radiation is generated, which emerges through a radiation exit window 6 in the bulb 1, which preferably consists of beryllium.
- the anode disc 1 is connected via a bearing arrangement to a carrier body 7 which is fastened to the second insulator 4.
- the bearing arrangement comprises a fixed bearing part 8 connected to the carrier 7 and a rotating bearing part 9 which has at its lower end a rotor 10 for driving the anode disk 5 fastened at the upper end.
- the bearing parts 8, 9 can consist of a molybdenum alloy (TZM).
- the bearing part 8 is provided with two herringbone groove patterns 11a, 11b which are offset with respect to one another in the axial direction.
- the grooves are, for example, 10 »m deep, and the areas of the grooves are, for example, in a ratio of 1: 1 to the areas in between.
- the space between the groove patterns 11a, 11b and the bearing part 9 is with a liquid lubricant filled, preferably a gallium alloy.
- the surfaces of the fixed bearing part 8 provided with the groove patterns 11a, 11b and the surfaces of the rotating bearing part 9 opposite them thus form two spiral groove bearings for absorbing the radial bearing forces.
- the bearing part has a section 12 several millimeters thick, the diameter of which is substantially larger than the diameter of the rest of the bearing part 8.
- a section whose diameter corresponds at least approximately to the diameter of the bearing part 8 in the upper region and which is connected to the carrier body 7.
- the inner contour of the bearing part 9 is adapted to the outer contour of the bearing part 8.
- the rotating bearing part 9 cannot be formed in one piece, as shown schematically in the drawing, but must consist of at least two parts which are connected to one another in a suitable manner in the region of section 12.
- the end faces of the section 12, which run perpendicular to the axis of rotation 16 of the bearing part 9, are also provided with a herringbone-like pattern (not shown in the drawing) and, together with the surfaces of the bearing part 9 parallel thereto, form two further spiral groove bearings, the forces directed axially upwards and downwards can record on the rotating anode.
- Fig. 2 shows the fixed bearing part 8 and the cooling device located therein.
- the bearing part 8 has a cavity with a circular cylindrical outer surface and a flat end surface perpendicular to the axis 16.
- the inside diameter of the cavity is e.g. 20mm.
- a cooler 14 which comprises a metal tube 141, which is provided on its outer surface with a number of disks 142, which are located in planes perpendicular to the axis of rotation 16 and whose outer diameter corresponds to the inner diameter of the opening 13 or at most a few is a tenth of a millimeter smaller than this.
- the cooler 14 has an opening 143 in the tube 141 at its end facing the end face of the fixed bearing part 8.
- each disk 142 has a slot-shaped opening 144 which extends in the radial direction, for example 3 mm wide. The openings are shown in the illustration in FIG. 2 alternately on the right or on the left side, so that the openings 144 in two successive disks are offset by 180 ° (with respect to the axis 16).
- a coolant supply line 17 is introduced, which is also made of metal and whose outer diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of section 145.
- the coolant flow which is indicated by the arrow 18, flows through the feed line 17 into the pipe 141 and emerges from the pipe through the opening 143 in the region of the end face of the bearing part 8.
- the emerging Coolant splits into two streams that flow in opposite directions in a semicircle until they reach the opening 144 in the first disc 142 on the opposite side of the pipe, where they combine and pass through the opening.
- the coolant would flow past the inner walls of the bearing part 8 to be cooled in the direction of the axis and essentially laminar.
- the cooling effect would be low.
- the disks create turbulence in the coolant flow, and the stronger the closer the disks are, the stronger. At these points, i.e. in the area of section 12, the strongest cooling effect results.
- the cooler itself does not directly serve to dissipate the heat, but rather that it forces a flow in the coolant flow which ensures good heat dissipation.
- the coolant supply line 17 can be arranged in the interior of a high-voltage plug, not shown, which is inserted into an opening in the ceramic insulator 4.
- the cooler 14 results between the above-mentioned high-voltage connector and the anode disk 5 via the supply line 17 , the bearing part 8, the Lubricant and the rotating bearing part 9 - an electrically conductive connection that can serve to connect the anode disk 5 to a positive high voltage.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Claims (4)
- Tube à rayons X comportant un corps anodique, qui présente un espace creux (13) de forme cylindrique ouvert vers l'extérieur, qui peut être raccordé à un flux d'agent de refroidissement et dans lequel est installé, pour répartir le flux d'agent de refroidissement, un dispositif de refroidissement (14) qui comprend un tube (141), sur les surfaces externes duquel est prévu un dispositif de guidage d'agent de refroidissement (142, 144), qui est conformé de telle sorte que l'agent de refroidissement s'écoule à plusieurs reprises autour du tube dans l'espace intermédiaire compris entre le corps anodique (8) et le tube (141), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de guidage de l'agent de refroidissement comprend plusieurs disques (142) perpendiculaires à l'axe longitudinal du tube, que chaque disque est pourvu d'une ouverture (144) pour le passage de l'agent de refroidissement et que les ouvertures de disques voisins sont décalées respectivement de 180°.
- Tube à rayons X selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les disques (142) sont disposés à des distances différentes les uns des autres et la distance entre des disques voisins est la plus faible aux endroits (en 12) qui doivent être refroidis le plus intensément.
- Tube à rayons X selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'anode est une anode tournante, qui est montée à l'aide d'un palier, qui comporte une partie de palier tournante (9) et une partie de palier fixe (8), un agent de lubrification liquide étant présent entre les parties de palier, et la partie de palier fixe (8) présente un espace creux (13) de forme cylindrique ouvert vers l'extérieur, dans lequel le dispositif de refroidissement est agencé.
- Tube à rayons X selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la haute tension de l'anode est acheminée via le tube (141).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE8914064U DE8914064U1 (de) | 1989-11-29 | 1989-11-29 | Röntgenröhre |
DE8914064U | 1989-11-29 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0430367A2 EP0430367A2 (fr) | 1991-06-05 |
EP0430367A3 EP0430367A3 (en) | 1991-09-11 |
EP0430367B1 true EP0430367B1 (fr) | 1995-08-16 |
Family
ID=6845002
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90203106A Expired - Lifetime EP0430367B1 (fr) | 1989-11-29 | 1990-11-23 | Tube à rayons X |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5091927A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0430367B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2983617B2 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE8914064U1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4227495A1 (de) * | 1992-08-20 | 1994-02-24 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Drehanoden-Röntgenröhre mit Kühlvorrichtung |
US5652778A (en) * | 1995-10-13 | 1997-07-29 | General Electric Company | Cooling X-ray tube |
US5673301A (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 1997-09-30 | General Electric Company | Cooling for X-ray systems |
US6249569B1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2001-06-19 | General Electric Company | X-ray tube having increased cooling capabilities |
DE19926741C2 (de) * | 1999-06-11 | 2002-11-07 | Siemens Ag | Flüssigmetall-Gleitlager mit Kühllanze |
US6335512B1 (en) | 1999-07-13 | 2002-01-01 | General Electric Company | X-ray device comprising a crack resistant weld |
JP4357094B2 (ja) | 1999-08-10 | 2009-11-04 | 株式会社東芝 | 回転陽極型x線管及びそれを内蔵したx線管装置 |
JP3663111B2 (ja) * | 1999-10-18 | 2005-06-22 | 株式会社東芝 | 回転陽極型x線管 |
US6477231B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-11-05 | General Electric Company | Thermal energy transfer device and x-ray tubes and x-ray systems incorporating same |
US6377659B1 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2002-04-23 | Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc | X-ray tubes and x-ray systems having a thermal gradient device |
US6430260B1 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2002-08-06 | General Electric Company | X-ray tube anode cooling device and systems incorporating same |
US6456693B1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-09-24 | Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc | Multiple row spiral groove bearing for X-ray tube |
US6940947B1 (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2005-09-06 | Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. | Integrated bearing assembly |
US8243876B2 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2012-08-14 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | X-ray scanners |
US9208988B2 (en) | 2005-10-25 | 2015-12-08 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | Graphite backscattered electron shield for use in an X-ray tube |
US10483077B2 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2019-11-19 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | X-ray sources having reduced electron scattering |
GB0525593D0 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2006-01-25 | Cxr Ltd | X-ray tomography inspection systems |
GB0812864D0 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2008-08-20 | Cxr Ltd | Coolign anode |
US8094784B2 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2012-01-10 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | X-ray sources |
US9046465B2 (en) | 2011-02-24 | 2015-06-02 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | Optimization of the source firing pattern for X-ray scanning systems |
GB0816823D0 (en) | 2008-09-13 | 2008-10-22 | Cxr Ltd | X-ray tubes |
GB0901338D0 (en) | 2009-01-28 | 2009-03-11 | Cxr Ltd | X-Ray tube electron sources |
US8300770B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 | 2012-10-30 | Varian Medical Systems, Inc. | Liquid metal containment in an x-ray tube |
DE102017008810A1 (de) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-21 | Cetteen Gmbh | MBFEX-Röhre |
US11276542B2 (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2022-03-15 | Varex Imaging Corporation | Enhanced thermal transfer nozzle and system |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1972414A (en) * | 1931-10-29 | 1934-09-04 | Gen Electric X Ray Corp | Electron discharge device |
US3694685A (en) * | 1971-06-28 | 1972-09-26 | Gen Electric | System for conducting heat from an electrode rotating in a vacuum |
US4622687A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1986-11-11 | Arthur H. Iversen | Liquid cooled anode x-ray tubes |
EP0103616A4 (fr) * | 1982-02-16 | 1986-06-11 | Stephen Whitaker | Tubes anodiques a rayons x refroidis par un liquide. |
EP0293791A1 (fr) * | 1987-06-02 | 1988-12-07 | IVERSEN, Arthur H. | Anodes tournantes avec refroidissement par liquide |
US4945562A (en) * | 1989-04-24 | 1990-07-31 | General Electric Company | X-ray target cooling |
-
1989
- 1989-11-29 DE DE8914064U patent/DE8914064U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-11-23 DE DE59009531T patent/DE59009531D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-23 EP EP90203106A patent/EP0430367B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-26 JP JP2325128A patent/JP2983617B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-26 US US07/618,350 patent/US5091927A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5091927A (en) | 1992-02-25 |
EP0430367A2 (fr) | 1991-06-05 |
JP2983617B2 (ja) | 1999-11-29 |
DE8914064U1 (de) | 1990-02-01 |
EP0430367A3 (en) | 1991-09-11 |
JPH03182037A (ja) | 1991-08-08 |
DE59009531D1 (de) | 1995-09-21 |
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