EP0430367A2 - Tube à rayons X - Google Patents
Tube à rayons X Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0430367A2 EP0430367A2 EP90203106A EP90203106A EP0430367A2 EP 0430367 A2 EP0430367 A2 EP 0430367A2 EP 90203106 A EP90203106 A EP 90203106A EP 90203106 A EP90203106 A EP 90203106A EP 0430367 A2 EP0430367 A2 EP 0430367A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coolant
- anode
- bearing part
- ray tube
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
- H01J35/105—Cooling of rotating anodes, e.g. heat emitting layers or structures
- H01J35/106—Active cooling, e.g. fluid flow, heat pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
- H01J35/105—Cooling of rotating anodes, e.g. heat emitting layers or structures
- H01J35/107—Cooling of the bearing assemblies
Definitions
- the invention relates to an X-ray tube with an anode body, which has a cylindrical, outwardly open cavity which can be connected to a coolant flow.
- an X-ray tube is known from the book "Guide to Medical X-ray Technology" by van der Plaats, 1961, Fig. 21. It is a fixed anode X-ray tube.
- the fixed anode has a cavity into which a coolant supply line projects. The coolant flows through this line to the end face of the cavity on which the fixed anode is mounted and then back past the coolant line in the cavity.
- the object of the present invention is to design an X-ray tube of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that good cooling also results on the lateral surfaces of the cylindrical cavity.
- This object is achieved in that a cooler is arranged in the cavity for distributing the coolant flow, which comprises a tube, on the outer surfaces of which a coolant guide device is attached, which is designed so that the coolant in the space between the anode body and flows around the pipe several times.
- the coolant guiding device prevents the coolant flow in the space between the tube and the inner surfaces of the anode body, which delimit the cylindrical cavity, from running exclusively in the longitudinal direction of the tube, and forces the coolant to move around the pipe flows around. This causes turbulence of the coolant flow on the inner surfaces, which results in improved cooling.
- the coolant-guiding device could, for example, be a web which helically encloses the tube and whose outer dimensions are adapted to the opening in the anode body.
- the coolant guiding device comprises a plurality of disks perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tube, that each disk is provided with an opening for the passage of the coolant, and that the openings of adjacent disks are each offset by 180 °.
- the coolant flow can only get through an opening in a pane into the area between this pane and the subsequent pane. Since the openings in successive disks are each offset by 180 ° (based on the longitudinal axis of the tube), the coolant flow must flow from opening to opening in an arc of 180 ° around the tube.
- the anode is a rotating anode, which is mounted by means of a bearing which has a rotating bearing part and a fixed bearing part, a liquid coolant being located between the bearing parts, and that the fixed bearing part is open to the outside has cylindrical cavity in which the cooler is arranged.
- the described rotating anode X-ray tubes in particular those with a spiral groove bearing, show a temperature distribution during operation which requires effective cooling of the cylindrical outer surfaces of the cavity in the anode body.
- Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of the cooling device according to the invention in a part of this X-ray tube
- Fig. 3 is a plan view of the cooler.
- the rotary anode X-ray tube shown in FIG. 1 has a metal piston 1 to which the cathode is fastened via a first insulator 2 and the rotary anode is fastened via a second insulator 4.
- the rotating anode has an anode disc 5, on the surface of which is opposite the cathode 3, when a high voltage is switched on, X-ray radiation is generated, which emerges through a radiation exit window 6 in the bulb 1, which preferably consists of beryllium.
- the anode disc 1 is connected via a bearing arrangement to a carrier body 7 which is fastened to the second insulator 4.
- the bearing arrangement comprises a fixed bearing part 8 connected to the carrier 7 and a rotating bearing part 9 which has a rotor 10 at its lower end for driving the anode disk 5 fastened at the upper end.
- the bearing parts 8, 9 can consist of a molybdenum alloy (TZM).
- the bearing part 8 is provided with two herringbone groove patterns 11a, 11b which are offset with respect to one another in the axial direction.
- the grooves are, for example, 10 ⁇ m deep, and the areas of the grooves are, for example, in a ratio of 1: 1 to the areas in between.
- the space between the groove patterns 11a, 11b and the bearing part 9 is with a liquid lubricant filled, preferably a gallium alloy.
- the surfaces of the fixed bearing part 8 provided with the groove patterns 11a, 11b and the surfaces of the rotating bearing part 9 lying opposite them thus form two spiral groove bearings for absorbing the radial bearing forces.
- the bearing part has a section 12 several millimeters thick, the diameter of which is considerably larger than the diameter of the rest of the bearing part 8.
- a section whose diameter corresponds at least approximately to the diameter of the bearing part 8 in the upper region and which is connected to the carrier body 7.
- the inner contour of the bearing part 9 is adapted to the outer contour of the bearing part 8.
- the rotating bearing part 9 cannot be formed in one piece, as shown schematically in the drawing, but must consist of at least two parts which are connected to one another in a suitable manner in the region of the section 12.
- section 12 which run perpendicular to the axis of rotation 16 of the bearing part 9, are likewise provided with a herringbone-like pattern (not shown in the drawing) and, together with the parallel faces of the bearing part 9, form two further spiral groove bearings, the forces directed axially upwards and downwards can record on the rotating anode.
- Fig. 2 shows the fixed bearing part 8 and the cooling device located therein.
- the bearing part 8 has a cavity with a circular cylindrical outer surface and a flat end surface perpendicular to the axis 16.
- the inside diameter of the cavity is e.g. 20mm.
- a cooler 14 is arranged, which comprises a metal tube 141, which is provided on its outer surface with a number of disks 142, which are located in planes perpendicular to the axis of rotation 16 and whose outer diameter corresponds to the inner diameter of the opening 13 or at most a few is a tenth of a millimeter smaller than this.
- the cooler 14 has at its end facing the end face of the fixed bearing part 8 an opening 143 in the tube 141.
- each disk 142 has a radial opening, for example 3 mm wide slot-shaped opening 144. The openings are shown in the illustration in FIG. 2 alternately on the right or on the left side, so that the openings 144 in two successive disks are offset by 180 ° (with respect to the axis 16).
- a coolant supply line 17 is introduced, which is also made of metal and whose outer diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of section 145.
- the coolant flow which is indicated by the arrow 18, flows through the feed line 17 into the pipe 141 and emerges from the pipe through the opening 143 in the region of the end face of the bearing part 8.
- the end Incoming coolant divides into two streams that flow in opposite directions in a semicircle until they reach the opening 144 in the first disc 142 on the opposite side of the tube, where they combine and pass through the opening.
- there are again two coolant flows which flow in a semicircular shape around the pipe to the opening in the next pane, etc. until finally the coolant emerges from the opening in the last (bottom pane) and is fed back to the coolant circuit in a manner not shown becomes.
- the coolant would flow past the inner walls of the bearing part 8 to be cooled in a substantially laminar direction.
- the cooling effect would be low.
- the disks create turbulence in the coolant flow, and the stronger the closer the disks are, the stronger. At these points, i.e. in the area of section 12, the greatest cooling effect results. - It follows from the above that the cooler itself does not directly serve to dissipate the heat, but rather that it forces a flow in the coolant flow which ensures good heat dissipation.
- the coolant supply line 17 can be arranged in the interior of a high-voltage plug, not shown, which is inserted into an opening in the ceramic insulator 4.
- the cooler 14 results between the above-mentioned high-voltage connector and the anode disk 5 via the supply line 17 , the bearing part 8, the Lubricant and the rotating bearing part 9 - an electrically conductive connection that can serve to connect the anode disk 5 to a positive high voltage.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE8914064U | 1989-11-29 | ||
DE8914064U DE8914064U1 (de) | 1989-11-29 | 1989-11-29 | Röntgenröhre |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0430367A2 true EP0430367A2 (fr) | 1991-06-05 |
EP0430367A3 EP0430367A3 (en) | 1991-09-11 |
EP0430367B1 EP0430367B1 (fr) | 1995-08-16 |
Family
ID=6845002
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90203106A Expired - Lifetime EP0430367B1 (fr) | 1989-11-29 | 1990-11-23 | Tube à rayons X |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5091927A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0430367B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2983617B2 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE8914064U1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0584868A1 (fr) * | 1992-08-20 | 1994-03-02 | Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH | Tube à rayons X à anode tournante avec dispositif de refroidissement |
DE19926741A1 (de) * | 1999-06-11 | 2001-01-11 | Siemens Ag | Flüssigmetall-Gleitlager mit Kühllanze |
EP2324485B1 (fr) * | 2008-09-13 | 2015-03-11 | CXR Limited | Tube radiogène |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5652778A (en) * | 1995-10-13 | 1997-07-29 | General Electric Company | Cooling X-ray tube |
US5673301A (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 1997-09-30 | General Electric Company | Cooling for X-ray systems |
US6249569B1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2001-06-19 | General Electric Company | X-ray tube having increased cooling capabilities |
US6335512B1 (en) | 1999-07-13 | 2002-01-01 | General Electric Company | X-ray device comprising a crack resistant weld |
JP4357094B2 (ja) | 1999-08-10 | 2009-11-04 | 株式会社東芝 | 回転陽極型x線管及びそれを内蔵したx線管装置 |
JP3663111B2 (ja) | 1999-10-18 | 2005-06-22 | 株式会社東芝 | 回転陽極型x線管 |
US6477231B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-11-05 | General Electric Company | Thermal energy transfer device and x-ray tubes and x-ray systems incorporating same |
US6430260B1 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2002-08-06 | General Electric Company | X-ray tube anode cooling device and systems incorporating same |
US6377659B1 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2002-04-23 | Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc | X-ray tubes and x-ray systems having a thermal gradient device |
US6456693B1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-09-24 | Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc | Multiple row spiral groove bearing for X-ray tube |
US6940947B1 (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2005-09-06 | Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. | Integrated bearing assembly |
GB0812864D0 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2008-08-20 | Cxr Ltd | Coolign anode |
GB0525593D0 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2006-01-25 | Cxr Ltd | X-ray tomography inspection systems |
US10483077B2 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2019-11-19 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | X-ray sources having reduced electron scattering |
US8243876B2 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2012-08-14 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | X-ray scanners |
US8094784B2 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2012-01-10 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | X-ray sources |
US9208988B2 (en) | 2005-10-25 | 2015-12-08 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | Graphite backscattered electron shield for use in an X-ray tube |
US9046465B2 (en) | 2011-02-24 | 2015-06-02 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | Optimization of the source firing pattern for X-ray scanning systems |
GB0901338D0 (en) | 2009-01-28 | 2009-03-11 | Cxr Ltd | X-Ray tube electron sources |
US8300770B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 | 2012-10-30 | Varian Medical Systems, Inc. | Liquid metal containment in an x-ray tube |
DE102017008810A1 (de) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-21 | Cetteen Gmbh | MBFEX-Röhre |
US11276542B2 (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2022-03-15 | Varex Imaging Corporation | Enhanced thermal transfer nozzle and system |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1972414A (en) * | 1931-10-29 | 1934-09-04 | Gen Electric X Ray Corp | Electron discharge device |
US3694685A (en) * | 1971-06-28 | 1972-09-26 | Gen Electric | System for conducting heat from an electrode rotating in a vacuum |
WO1983002850A1 (fr) * | 1982-02-16 | 1983-08-18 | Stephen Whitaker | Tubes anodiques a rayons x refroidis par un liquide |
EP0293791A1 (fr) * | 1987-06-02 | 1988-12-07 | IVERSEN, Arthur H. | Anodes tournantes avec refroidissement par liquide |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4622687A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1986-11-11 | Arthur H. Iversen | Liquid cooled anode x-ray tubes |
US4945562A (en) * | 1989-04-24 | 1990-07-31 | General Electric Company | X-ray target cooling |
-
1989
- 1989-11-29 DE DE8914064U patent/DE8914064U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-11-23 EP EP90203106A patent/EP0430367B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-23 DE DE59009531T patent/DE59009531D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-26 US US07/618,350 patent/US5091927A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-26 JP JP2325128A patent/JP2983617B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1972414A (en) * | 1931-10-29 | 1934-09-04 | Gen Electric X Ray Corp | Electron discharge device |
US3694685A (en) * | 1971-06-28 | 1972-09-26 | Gen Electric | System for conducting heat from an electrode rotating in a vacuum |
WO1983002850A1 (fr) * | 1982-02-16 | 1983-08-18 | Stephen Whitaker | Tubes anodiques a rayons x refroidis par un liquide |
EP0293791A1 (fr) * | 1987-06-02 | 1988-12-07 | IVERSEN, Arthur H. | Anodes tournantes avec refroidissement par liquide |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0584868A1 (fr) * | 1992-08-20 | 1994-03-02 | Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH | Tube à rayons X à anode tournante avec dispositif de refroidissement |
US5416820A (en) * | 1992-08-20 | 1995-05-16 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Rotary-anode X-ray tube comprising a cooling device |
DE19926741A1 (de) * | 1999-06-11 | 2001-01-11 | Siemens Ag | Flüssigmetall-Gleitlager mit Kühllanze |
DE19926741C2 (de) * | 1999-06-11 | 2002-11-07 | Siemens Ag | Flüssigmetall-Gleitlager mit Kühllanze |
EP2324485B1 (fr) * | 2008-09-13 | 2015-03-11 | CXR Limited | Tube radiogène |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0430367A3 (en) | 1991-09-11 |
DE8914064U1 (de) | 1990-02-01 |
JPH03182037A (ja) | 1991-08-08 |
DE59009531D1 (de) | 1995-09-21 |
JP2983617B2 (ja) | 1999-11-29 |
EP0430367B1 (fr) | 1995-08-16 |
US5091927A (en) | 1992-02-25 |
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