EP0427156B1 - Schärfmaschine - Google Patents

Schärfmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0427156B1
EP0427156B1 EP90121080A EP90121080A EP0427156B1 EP 0427156 B1 EP0427156 B1 EP 0427156B1 EP 90121080 A EP90121080 A EP 90121080A EP 90121080 A EP90121080 A EP 90121080A EP 0427156 B1 EP0427156 B1 EP 0427156B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measuring device
memory
thickness
workpiece
values
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90121080A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0427156A3 (en
EP0427156A2 (de
Inventor
Günther Lerch
Dieter Braun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fortuna Werke Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
Fortuna Werke Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fortuna Werke Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Fortuna Werke Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Publication of EP0427156A2 publication Critical patent/EP0427156A2/de
Publication of EP0427156A3 publication Critical patent/EP0427156A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0427156B1 publication Critical patent/EP0427156B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
    • C14B1/02—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather
    • C14B1/14—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather using tools cutting the skin in a plane substantially parallel to its surface
    • C14B1/22—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather using tools cutting the skin in a plane substantially parallel to its surface using cylindrical knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/02—Bevelling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sharpening machine with a feed roller with at least one guide element and with a bell knife for transporting and guiding flap-like workpieces made of leather or leather substitutes, and for making marginal cuts of a predetermined cross-sectional shape, with servomotors for adjusting the feed roller and the guide element, with an electronic control device which contains a memory for storing sets of setting values corresponding to cross-sectional shapes for the setting of the servo motors, and with a keyboard for addressing memory locations of the memory.
  • a sharpening machine of the type mentioned above is known from DE-OS 37 32 059.
  • Sharpening machines are used in the leather-working industry, in particular the shoe industry and the bagging industry, to provide cuts of leather, rubber, plastic or other leather substitutes on their edges by trimming with a predetermined cross-sectional shape.
  • Cross-sectional shapes have developed certain standard shapes, which are referred to in technical terms as "cuts". Examples of such cuts with defined cross-sectional shapes are the so-called “undercut”, the “buggy cut”, the “front grill cut”, the "open edge” and the "running edge”, where other terms are also sometimes used for such cuts.
  • the cuts mentioned generally have either a bevel in the region of the edge of the workpiece or a recess with those parallel to the side surfaces of the workpiece Pages on.
  • two values are usually sufficient, for example the remaining thickness at the trimmed front edge of the workpiece and the width of the cut at the surface plane of the workpiece or - in the case of an obliquely cut workpiece - the slope angle of the bevel.
  • the blanks are provided with different types of cuts on their usually odd outer edges, depending on how the blank is to be assembled later with other blanks into an article, for example a shoe, a wallet or the like.
  • multi-cut sharpening machines it is known to specify the intended cuts for each workpiece to be machined with their respective set of values, that is to say the two numerical values mentioned, one after the other in the form of a group of sets of values (cutting sequence), namely in the sequence as the cuts follow each other on the outer circumference of the workpiece.
  • a switch usually a foot switch
  • the sets of values can then be called up one after the other, whereby the guiding elements and the feed roller are adjusted depending on the sets of values so that the sharpening machine performs the desired cut.
  • the user of such a multi-cut sharpening machine can apply the workpiece to the sharpening machine at a predetermined starting position of the circumference and, with the first set of values set, carry out the corresponding cut over a specific circumferential range. He then switches over to the next set of values in the group by actuating the foot switch, and the sharpening machine adjusts its elements in such a way that the adjacent one is still unprocessed section of the circumference of the workpiece is further processed with the second preselected cut.
  • certain sets of values (cuts) recur periodically, because the way a cut is attached to other cuts, for example, is the same in pairs on the sides.
  • a monitor is provided, on the screen of which the cut selected in each case is shown both graphically and alphanumerically with its respective values.
  • the values or sets of values are sorted according to article numbers, so that when an article number is entered, for example a model number of a shoe model, the corresponding values or sets of values are automatically called up.
  • the individual cuts are defined by their values (thickness, width, angle) being specified.
  • the specified setting values must always refer to a certain initial thickness of the blanks supplied.
  • a weighting stage is therefore provided within the control unit, which is connected downstream of the memory.
  • the cut decreases or increases Weighting level the setting values on their way from the memory to the control elements of the servo motors. In this way, the measured values used in each case are corrected in the required manner without the values in the memory itself being touched.
  • the known machine assumes that the user of the sharpening machine can feel the thickness of the material of the blank based on his many years of experience, in order then to set a corresponding correction factor if necessary via the weighting level.
  • the known sharpening machine therefore has the disadvantage that an exact correction of the cutting values, especially in the case of strongly fluctuating material thickness, is not possible or only takes a great deal of time, and it has been shown in practice that the users of such sharpening machines always carry out a number of test sharpenings carry out on workpieces before the optimal setting has been found again with changed material thickness. It is on the edge that this takes a considerable amount of time, apart from the fact that workpieces are spoiled by the test cuts and cannot be used.
  • the memory is essentially freely programmable and can therefore be programmed by the user of the sharpening machine according to his individual needs.
  • the memory contains, for example, 99 storage places, on which individual cuts or cutting sequences can be stored as values.
  • the invention is based on the object to further develop a sharpening machine of the type mentioned in such a way that even in the case of workpieces with a fluctuating material thickness, the required cut or the required cutting sequence can be set without trying and without tedious searching in documents.
  • a measuring device has means for detecting a thickness of the workpiece comprises that the measuring device generates a digital signal corresponding to the thickness, and that the measuring device is connected to a first address line of the memory.
  • an exact digital measurement of the thickness of the workpiece guarantees that inaccuracies, such as those experienced by experienced workers when scanning workpieces, are completely avoided.
  • the direct coupling of the thickness measurement with the addressing of the memory has the advantage that the memory location or group of memory locations in which those cuts or cutting sequences whose values are matched to the respectively measured material thickness are stored without error.
  • Sharpening machines of the type of interest here are often used in larger production plants, where a large number of such machines with corresponding workplaces are accommodated in a common operating hall. If at Knurling machines of known type new batches of workpieces are delivered and it turns out that the delivered new workpieces are of different thickness, so there is considerable unrest in conventional production systems because now on each individual sharpening machine by trying or looking up measured values, a new setting of the Sharpening machine must be found. This concern naturally multiplies in larger production plants and can lead to a significant reduction in productivity.
  • the first address line leads to at least one higher position of multi-digit addresses in the memory and a second address line which can be controlled manually by the keyboard leads to at least one lower position of the addresses.
  • the measuring device further comprises means for detecting a hardness of the workpiece, the measuring device generating a signal corresponding to the hardness and a superposition stage for the thickness signal and the hardness signal being provided which is connected to the first address line.
  • This measure has the advantage that processing errors are excluded, which could result from the fact that For example, a particularly soft leather is compressed to a smaller thickness during processing, so that it would be necessary to work with values that correspond to the thickness of the leather in the compressed state. Due to the described superimposition of the measured values of thickness and hardness, a compensation is created here, because, for example, in the case of a very soft material, the memory addressing is shifted in such a way that the thickness of the material, which is too small, is used as a basis for processing the soft material.
  • an embodiment of the sharpening machine according to the invention is particularly preferred in which the measuring device is arranged directly above the guide roller.
  • This measure has the advantage that the machining position and the measuring position are located almost at the same viewing angle, so that the user of the sharpening machine can carry out the measurement and machining in succession without having to turn or tilt their heads.
  • FIG. 1 designates a sharpening machine with a box-like housing 11.
  • a bell knife 12 with a horizontal axis of rotation protrudes slightly above a surface of the housing 11.
  • a stop 13, a guide roller 14 and a feed roller 15 are arranged on the bell knife 12 in a manner known per se.
  • the drive motors and servo motors for the sake of clarity, the adjustment of the above-mentioned elements is not shown in FIG. 1, they are also known per se.
  • a vertical attachment 20 of the housing 11 is provided with adjusting means 21, for example for grinding the bell knife 12 and for dressing the grinding wheel or the like.
  • a hinge 22 is arranged, the counterpart of which carries a monitor 23 with a screen 24.
  • the hinge 22 can be rotated about a vertical axis 25.
  • a surface 30 of the housing 11 has a depression 31 in the region of the bell knife 12.
  • a desk-like front part 32 which is provided with a corner cutout 33 in the right front corner of the housing 11.
  • a vertical axis 34 is arranged in the area of the corner cutout 33, around which a keyboard block 35 can be rotated in the direction of an arrow 36.
  • the keypad 35 houses a keyboard 37 with a plurality of setting keys.
  • a foot switch is designated, which also serves to control a sharpening machine 10.
  • the user can now insert a blank into the depression 31 in a manner known per se and can use the rotating feed roller 15 past the stop 13 and the guide roller 14, while the bell knife 12 processes the edge of the blank with the desired cutting shape.
  • the user of the sharpening machine 10 presses the foot switch 38 and the electronic control of the sharpening machine 10 automatically switches to the next set of values, the next cut to be made, within a cutting sequence corresponds.
  • the stop 13, the guide roller 14 and the feed roller 15 are adjusted accordingly, and the user can carry out the cut now set over the next section of the circumference of the blank.
  • the entered or the set value sets are displayed on the screen 24 alphanumerically and graphically, so that a constant control of the activity of the user of the sharpening machine 10 is possible.
  • a measuring device 40 is provided on the sharpening machine 10.
  • the measuring device 40 is located on the vertical attachment 20, preferably directly above the guide roller 14.
  • the measuring device 40 is used to measure the thickness of the material of the blank or additionally its hardness.
  • the arrangement of the measuring device 40 above the guide roller 14 has the purpose of achieving the measurement and processing of the blank in positions as close as possible, so that both steps take place from the same point of view of the user.
  • the user inserts the blank into a measuring gap of the measuring device 40, the measurement is carried out, and immediately thereafter the user can insert the blank with the same location on the guide roller 14 for subsequent processing.
  • the measured value determined by the measuring device 40 is displayed on the screen 24 of the monitor 23, as indicated by 41 in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 A first embodiment of a measuring device 40 is shown in FIG. 2.
  • a machine-fixed housing 50 there is a support 51 for a leather workpiece 52, i.e. a blank of the type explained above.
  • a vertical measuring rod 53 is guided axially in the housing 50.
  • the measuring rod 53 runs into a measuring plate 54 at its lower end.
  • a length sensor is arranged at the upper end of the measuring rod 53, as illustrated by a mark 55 on the measuring rod 53, an immediately adjacent scale 56 and a clamp 57 connected to it.
  • the elements 55 to 57 can represent any type of length sensor, i.e. inductive, capacitive, magnetic, optical or other length sensors of known design.
  • a handle is indicated at 58, which allows the measuring rod 53 to be raised in the direction of an arrow 59.
  • the measuring rod 53 is provided with an axially fixed flange 60 between the two bearings of the housing 50.
  • a helical spring 61 surrounding the measuring rod 53 is located between the flange 60 and an upper counter surface 62 of the housing 50.
  • the measuring arrangement 40 can be calibrated in such a way that, in the absence of an workpiece 52, the measuring plate 54 rests directly on the support 51 and the elements 55 to 57 are adjusted to emit a zero signal.
  • the user When the measuring device 40 is in operation, the user lifts the measuring rod 53 upwards against the force of the spring 61 by means of the handle 58 and places the workpiece 52 between the support 51 and the measuring plate 54. If the handle 58 is now released, the measuring plate 54 sets on the workpiece 52.
  • the force of the spring 61 is dimensioned extremely low so that no measurement errors occur due to compression of the workpiece 52.
  • the respective measured value of the thickness of the workpiece 52 can now be determined by means of the elements 55 to 57 and taken off at the clamp 57 as an electrical signal, preferably as a digitized electrical signal.
  • Fig. 3 shows a variant with a measuring device 40 ', in which some parts correspond to those of the measuring device 40 according to FIG. 2. These parts are the same in Fig. 3 Provided reference numerals, but an apostrophe is added in each case.
  • the measuring device 40 'shown in FIG. 3 enables not only the thickness of the workpiece 52' but also to determine its hardness.
  • a cylinder 70 is arranged on the housing 50 ', in the cylinder bore 71 a piston 72 runs.
  • the piston 72 which is axially attached to the measuring rod 53 ', defines in the cylinder bore 71 an upper, first chamber 73, to which a fluid line 74 leads from the outside.
  • a pressure sensor 75 is connected into the fluid line 74, the signal of which can be removed at a terminal 76.
  • the fluid line 74 can be pressurized or depressurized in a manner known per se by means of a 3/2 solenoid valve 77.
  • the solenoid valve 77 can be actuated via a terminal 78 by means of a control signal.
  • the solenoid valve 77 can be connected to a pressure line 79 or a pressure-free reservoir 79a.
  • a second chamber 80 of the cylinder bore 71 below the piston 72 there is the helical spring 61 ', which supports the piston 72 downwards against the cylinder 70 and thus the housing 50'.
  • a line 81 leads from the second chamber 80 to an unpressurized reservoir 82.
  • the mode of operation of the measuring device 40 ′ according to FIG. 3 is as follows: In the rest position, the solenoid valve 77 is in the position not shown in FIG. 3. The fluid line 74 is relaxed, and the spring 61 'presses the piston 72 and thus the measuring rod 53' upwards.
  • the vertical position of the measuring rod 53' and the respective pressure in the first chamber 73 are measured on the elements 55 'to 57'.
  • This pressure initially takes a very low value, which only has to overpress the force of the spring 61 '.
  • a force-path diagram can now be recorded by firstly the path of the measuring rod 53 'in the manner already described and secondly the force via the pressure signal (terminal 76) and the cross-sectional area of the piston 72 is determined. From the force t-path diagram, the slope of the measurement curve and thus the elasticity or hardness of the workpiece 52 'can be determined in a manner known per se.
  • This controller contains a memory 90 which, on the one hand, can be manually addressed in a conventional manner via a terminal 91, namely via the keyboard 37 of the keyboard block 35.
  • a connecting line 92 of the memory 90 leads to an electronic control unit 93, to which control signals can also be fed manually via terminals 94 and 95.
  • the control unit 93 in turn controls servomotors 96, 97 etc. in a manner known per se for adjusting the feed roller 15 and the guide element 13, 14.
  • the thickness signal which was measured by means of elements 55 to 57, is passed directly to memory 90 via a first address line 99a, while those that can be input manually Addressing signals from the terminal 91 are supplied to the memory 90 in the manner already mentioned via a second addressing line 99b.
  • the thickness signal can be superimposed in a summing point 98 with the hardness signal, which is supplied by the pressure sensor 75.
  • the memory 90 has, for example, a total of 300 memory locations 101, each of which can be addressed by an address 100.
  • the addresses 100 have three digits, with a first address digit being 100/1, a second address digit 100/2 and a third address digit 100/3.
  • the memory locations 101 themselves are divided into 10 positions 101/1, 101/2 etc.
  • each of the 300 memory locations 101 with a decimal three-digit address 100.
  • a maximum of ten cuts can be stored in each storage location 101.
  • the cuts are symbolized below with A, B, C, D, E, these letters denoting the usual cuts, namely, for example, a step, a bow cut, a front grill cut, an open edge or a running edge.
  • the addresses 100 begin with the numbering "020" in the first line, and only a single section A is stored in the associated first storage location 101.
  • the next line with the address "021” there is a single cut B, in the following "022” a cut C, in the following "023” a cut D and in the next "024" a cut E.
  • the addressing is the same in the first two digits within each group 102, while the addressing in the third digit is numbered from 0 to 9.
  • the addressing in the first two digits is identical to the section thickness, measured in tenths of a millimeter. Addressing "025" therefore means that the corresponding memory location is designed for u a material thickness of 0.2 millimeters and contains the cutting sequence A-B (for this material thickness).
  • the addressing "315" means that the storage location 101 is designed for a material thickness of 3.1 millimeters and also contains the cutting sequence A-B.
  • the result is that the first address line 99a is assigned to the first two digits 100/1 and 100/2 of the addresses 100 while the second address line 99b is switched to the third position 100/3 of the addresses 100.
  • this value appears at the terminal 57, for example as a digital value, or it is converted from an analog value into a digital value.
  • This digital value is now transferred to the memory 90 via the first address line 99a, with the result that the first group 102 is selected there directly, because only there the two first digits 100/1 and 100/2 have the values "0" and " 2 ", corresponding to 0.2 millimeters in thickness.
  • the user of the sharpening machine 10 now only needs to use the keyboard 37, i.e. in FIG. 4, the terminal 91 to specify a decimal value varying between 0 and 9 in order to select one of the ten possible cuts or cutting sequences.
  • the user does not need to read, process or take the measured value of the thickness into account in any other way, because the corresponding selection is made automatically, as explained.
  • the user of the sharpening machine 10 therefore only needs to remember ten cuts or cutting sequences or to write them down on a slip of paper, the machine 10 making its selection not only from ten, but rather from three hundred memory locations 100.
  • the measured value of the hardness in the summing point 98 is superimposed on the measured value of the thickness. This can done easily by subtraction. If, for example, the measuring device 40 'determines that the material of the workpiece 52' is relatively soft, a thickness value, for example, measured of 0.4 millimeters at the summing point 98 is converted into a value of 0.3, and with the number sequence "03" then the first two digits 100/1 and 100/2 of the addresses 100 are applied.
  • the sharpening machine 10 then operates as if instead of the soft workpiece 52 'of 0.4 millimeters in thickness, a harder workpiece of 0.3 millimeters in thickness was processed. The compression occurring when machining the soft workpiece 52 'is compensated in this way.
  • a matrix of values can therefore be stored in the memory 90 merely by way of example, which matrix can then be varied accordingly by the respective end user. It is possible to proceed with known methods of characteristic variation by defining individual, unchangeable measured values as the base points of a characteristic field and converting a standard characteristic field specified by the manufacturer of the sharpening machine 10 into a desired new characteristic field using a known mapping method. The consequence of this is that the basic laws of the map are retained, but the individual values of the map are adapted to the desired special features of the user of the sharpening machine 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
EP90121080A 1989-11-10 1990-11-03 Schärfmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP0427156B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3937395 1989-11-10
DE3937395A DE3937395C1 (enExample) 1989-11-10 1989-11-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0427156A2 EP0427156A2 (de) 1991-05-15
EP0427156A3 EP0427156A3 (en) 1991-10-16
EP0427156B1 true EP0427156B1 (de) 1995-09-06

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ID=6393233

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90121080A Expired - Lifetime EP0427156B1 (de) 1989-11-10 1990-11-03 Schärfmaschine

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EP (1) EP0427156B1 (enExample)
DE (2) DE3937395C1 (enExample)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0707079A1 (de) * 1994-10-11 1996-04-17 LEIBROCK MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH Vorrichtung zum Schärfen der Kanten von Lederzuschnitten
DE19929977C1 (de) * 1999-06-30 2001-03-15 Fortuna Spezialmaschinen Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schärfen von lappenartigen Werkstücken
DE102015107438A1 (de) * 2015-05-12 2016-11-17 Fortuna Spezialmaschinen Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Schärfen von Zuschnitten aus biegeschlaffem Material

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3732059A1 (de) * 1987-09-23 1989-04-06 Fortuna Werke Maschf Ag Schaerfmaschine
DE8712850U1 (de) * 1987-09-23 1988-02-18 Fortuna-Werke Maschinenfabrik Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Schärfmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0427156A3 (en) 1991-10-16
DE3937395C1 (enExample) 1991-05-08
EP0427156A2 (de) 1991-05-15
DE59009621D1 (de) 1995-10-12

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