EP0425620B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schmelzen von metallen im kokslos betriebenen kupolofen - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schmelzen von metallen im kokslos betriebenen kupolofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0425620B1
EP0425620B1 EP90906860A EP90906860A EP0425620B1 EP 0425620 B1 EP0425620 B1 EP 0425620B1 EP 90906860 A EP90906860 A EP 90906860A EP 90906860 A EP90906860 A EP 90906860A EP 0425620 B1 EP0425620 B1 EP 0425620B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
furnace
burners
injected
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90906860A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0425620A1 (de
Inventor
Wolfgang Kullik
Rainer Graf
Alfred Langner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DOSSMANN GMBH EISENGIESSEREI UND MASCHINENFABRIK
Original Assignee
Dossmann Eisengiesserei und Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0425620A1 publication Critical patent/EP0425620A1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
    • C21B11/02—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in low shaft furnaces or shaft furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/08—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces heated otherwise than by solid fuel mixed with charge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/90—Metal melting furnaces, e.g. cupola type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for melting metals, in particular cast iron, in the coke-free cupola and a device for carrying out the method, the cup-free cupola having a vertically standing housing which is lined on the inside with a lining made of refractory material, in the lower Part contains a grate, which is provided with a bed of loosely packed refractory bodies, and in which the burners are arranged below the grate at a distance from the grate.
  • FR-A-1 226 487 and DE-C-23 29 772 describe processes for exclusively coke-fired cupola furnaces, according to which, on the one hand, quality improvements and, on the other hand, the desired quality standards are maintained by: means in the area of the furnace where the metal melts and flows off the glowing coke, certain substances are injected.
  • the above-mentioned DE-C-23 29 772 describes a process for refining, embroidering and carburizing or decarburizing, the use of which allows defined casting qualities to be melted from heterogeneous starting materials by corrective additives in the form of chemical substances.
  • Such additives serve as other nitrogen and / or halogen-releasing compounds in liquid or gaseous form, and also, in the case of a desired carburization, compounds from the distillation of products of vegetable origin and, in the case of a desired decarburization, those compounds which release oxygen at the melting temperature.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method for melting metals in a cupola furnace operated without coke and an apparatus for carrying out the method, in the use of which a constant melting product and constant quality standards of the product, in particular a uniform crystal structure and a defined one Graphite formation can be achieved.
  • the temperature of the collected melt in the coke-free cupola is about 200 ° C lower than in the coke-fired cupola. This means that the higher temperature favoring the chemical reactions is not available in the coke-free cupola.
  • the cupola oven operated without a coke is compared to the known one
  • the process on the coke-fired cupola furnace requires about half the amount of additional substances per ton of metal, for example with 1 to 2 liters per ton.
  • the substances to be added can be used, for example, for refining and / or germ enrichment.
  • Such substances can be the same as those disclosed in DE-C-23 29 772 described above, in particular Nitrogen-releasing compounds, for example hydrogen compounds of nitrogen, such as ammonia or hydrazine or their derivatives, and also organic nitro compounds, such as nitrobenzene; Halogen releasing compounds such as methyl chloride, chlorobenzene or fluorobenzene; Halogen and nitrogen releasing compounds as monochlorinated and nitrated organic compounds.
  • Nitrogen-releasing compounds for example hydrogen compounds of nitrogen, such as ammonia or hydrazine or their derivatives, and also organic nitro compounds, such as nitrobenzene; Halogen releasing compounds such as methyl chloride, chlorobenzene or fluorobenzene; Halogen and nitrogen releasing compounds as monochlorinated and nitrated organic compounds.
  • Suitable solvents are, for example, cyclohexane, toluene or xylene, and also chlorinated solvents which release chlorine at the melting temperature.
  • a gray cast iron with reduced sensitivity to wall thickness and pearlitic microstructure and with a predominant type A graphite formation is obtained in a reliable manner.
  • a device for performing the method according to the invention is specified in claim 9 and shown schematically in the drawing.
  • the cupola furnace 1 has a vertical, cylindrical housing 2, which is lined on the inside with a lining 3 made of refractory material.
  • a lining 3 made of refractory material.
  • the grate 4 on which a bed 5 of refractory bodies is packed. Above this bed 5, the cupola furnace 1 is charged with the material to be melted.
  • the foot end of the cupola furnace 1 is designed as a collecting space 8 for the melt.
  • a siphon 9 on the side leads with a riser pipe 10 to the trough 11; a downpipe 12 leads to the slag discharge 13.
  • the burners 7 with their flame guides 6 are arranged in a radial plane at a clear distance below the grate 4 (for example of approximately 90 cm for a given furnace diameter of 130 cm). Several burners 7 are required for good and uniform heating. The number of burners 7 depends on the furnace diameter. The burners 7 are evenly distributed over the furnace circumference.
  • at least one lance 15 is inserted into the space between the grate 4 and the burners 7 through a guide 14 in the furnace wall. The lance 15 is used to inject the quality-improving substances. The tip of the lance is flush with the inner wall of the furnace.
  • a lance 15 is preferably directed obliquely downwards, and its mouth is designed such that the emerging jet is directed upwards against the grate 4.
  • the preferably obliquely downward position of the lance 15 is to be selected if the lance 15 is provided with water cooling in such a way that between the jacket of the lance 15 and an injection tube for the substances to be added, which is guided centrally through the lance 15 lower end open pipe for the supply of coolant is arranged.
  • the cooling liquid is introduced under pressure into the jacket of the lance 15 and pressed out again at the upper end of the lance 15.
  • injection nozzles can also be provided, the number of which also depends on the furnace diameter.
  • the individual burners 7 are kept constantly at the same output by means of a computer control for the air and fuel supply.
  • coke-free cupolas of known construction can be used after appropriate conversion.
  • the furnace (culvert) disclosed in the above-mentioned DE-A-32 21 241 has proven to be particularly suitable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
EP90906860A 1989-05-20 1990-05-11 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schmelzen von metallen im kokslos betriebenen kupolofen Expired - Lifetime EP0425620B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3916503A DE3916503C1 (ja) 1989-05-20 1989-05-20
DE3916503 1989-05-20
PCT/DE1990/000344 WO1990014568A1 (de) 1989-05-20 1990-05-11 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schmelzen von metallen im kokslos betriebenen kupolofen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0425620A1 EP0425620A1 (de) 1991-05-08
EP0425620B1 true EP0425620B1 (de) 1994-09-21

Family

ID=6381078

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90906860A Expired - Lifetime EP0425620B1 (de) 1989-05-20 1990-05-11 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schmelzen von metallen im kokslos betriebenen kupolofen

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5224985A (ja)
EP (1) EP0425620B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH04500098A (ja)
AT (1) ATE112044T1 (ja)
DE (2) DE3916503C1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2060160T3 (ja)
WO (1) WO1990014568A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4104507C2 (de) * 1991-02-14 1997-08-07 Elsner Emil Dr Ing Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verarbeiten von Abfallstoffen, insbesondere Hausmüll, zu einem brennbaren Gasgemisch, Metallen und Schlacke
US5690888A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-11-25 Molten Metal Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for tapping a reactor containing a molten fluid
US6221123B1 (en) 1998-01-22 2001-04-24 Donsco Incorporated Process and apparatus for melting metal
CN101625194B (zh) * 2008-07-10 2011-01-26 周克华 带有炉箅的竖炉
CN102679350B (zh) * 2012-05-11 2016-06-01 王林海 一种用于冲天炉的燃气与氧气混合燃烧的方法及冲天炉

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1102977B (de) * 1956-07-31 1961-03-23 Zsigmond De Galocsy Verfahren zum Betrieb eines fuer das Schrottumschmelzen bestimmten Schachtofens mit einem oder mehreren im Unterteil des Ofens angebrachten Brennern und Ofen zur Durchfuehrung dieses Verfahrens
FR1226487A (fr) * 1959-01-28 1960-07-13 Procédé d'élaboration de la fonte
CH370878A (fr) * 1960-04-08 1963-07-31 Conduites Ste Indle Four de fusion continue métallurgique
US3424573A (en) * 1964-11-02 1969-01-28 Rocco Catoggio De Villiers Process for combined oxygen iron refining and producing of ferrous melts
BE702319A (ja) * 1966-08-06 1968-02-05
ZA72390B (en) * 1971-02-01 1972-09-27 Hayes Shell Cast Ltd Metal-melting furnaces
FR2187919B1 (ja) * 1972-06-15 1974-10-25 Bonvarite
JPS5835193B2 (ja) * 1974-08-30 1983-08-01 丸善石油株式会社 ３．４− メチレンジオキシスチレンノセイゾウホウホウ
JPS52126603A (en) * 1976-04-16 1977-10-24 Kubota Ltd Improved gas cupola
DE3221241A1 (de) * 1982-06-04 1983-12-08 Eisenwerke Fried. Wilh. Düker GmbH & Co, 8782 Karlstadt Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von giessfertigem metall
DE3321241A1 (de) * 1983-06-11 1984-12-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Aggregat zum foerdern von kraftstoff aus einem vorratstank zur brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere eines kraftfahrzeugs
JPS6246186A (ja) * 1985-08-23 1987-02-28 株式会社　環境総研コンサルタント 予熱塔を有する溶解炉
SU1310773A1 (ru) * 1986-02-10 1987-05-15 Кузнецкий металлургический комбинат им.В.И.Ленина Система автоматической оптимизации
DE3733999A1 (de) * 1987-09-17 1989-03-30 Robert Doat Einblasen von kohlenstaub in den kupolofen
DE3742349C1 (de) * 1987-12-14 1988-12-08 Korf Engineering Gmbh Verfahren zum Schmelzen von Metallschrott und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE112044T1 (de) 1994-10-15
ES2060160T3 (es) 1994-11-16
JPH04500098A (ja) 1992-01-09
US5224985A (en) 1993-07-06
WO1990014568A1 (de) 1990-11-29
EP0425620A1 (de) 1991-05-08
DE3916503C1 (ja) 1990-12-13
DE59007237D1 (de) 1994-10-27

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