EP0411372B1 - Matériau textile plat déformable, et filet produit de ce matériau - Google Patents

Matériau textile plat déformable, et filet produit de ce matériau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0411372B1
EP0411372B1 EP90113530A EP90113530A EP0411372B1 EP 0411372 B1 EP0411372 B1 EP 0411372B1 EP 90113530 A EP90113530 A EP 90113530A EP 90113530 A EP90113530 A EP 90113530A EP 0411372 B1 EP0411372 B1 EP 0411372B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarn
textile
textile material
formable
yarns
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90113530A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0411372A2 (fr
EP0411372A3 (en
Inventor
Elke Gebauer
Karlheinz Blaschke
Hermann Mildenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Invista Technologies SARL Switzerland
Original Assignee
Hoechst AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Publication of EP0411372A2 publication Critical patent/EP0411372A2/fr
Publication of EP0411372A3 publication Critical patent/EP0411372A3/de
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Publication of EP0411372B1 publication Critical patent/EP0411372B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/14—Processes for the fixation or treatment of textile materials in three-dimensional forms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
    • Y10T428/24636—Embodying mechanically interengaged strand[s], strand-portion[s] or strand-like strip[s] [e.g., weave, knit, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
    • Y10T428/24636—Embodying mechanically interengaged strand[s], strand-portion[s] or strand-like strip[s] [e.g., weave, knit, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24645—Embodying mechanically interengaged strand[s], strand-portion[s] or strand-like strip[s] [e.g., weave, knit, etc.] with folds in parallel planes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
    • Y10T428/24661—Forming, or cooperating to form cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thermoformable sheet-like textile material and network materials produced therefrom.
  • EP-A-158 234 describes an example of the use of such network materials in the form of a sandwich molding made of two solid cover layers and a core of knitted fabric deformed by thermoforming to give a cup structure and provided with synthetic resin.
  • DE-A-38 44 458 proposes a wrapping yarn made from a core yarn of low stability and a high-strength enveloping yarn for producing such deep-drawable flat structures.
  • the mechanism described can be further supported by using core threads that have a lower stability than the sheath filaments, i. H. the core thread is wrapped with a yarn that becomes the actual reinforcement, but has a much greater length in the wrapping yarn.
  • the core thread is destroyed by the mechanical load, possibly also by a thermal load and / or by the influence of chemicals, the previous wrapping yarn is stretched and then takes on the supporting function in the fabric.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a deformable, e.g. to provide deep-drawable textile material that can be produced with little effort.
  • the deformable textile material according to the invention from a textile fabric, such as e.g. a woven or preferably knitted fabric made from a uniform mixture of at least two different types of yarn, at least one of the yarns having a thermal shrinkage at cooking temperature of at least 45%, preferably at least 60%, and at least one of the yarns having a thermal shrinkage of at most 10%, preferably at most 5%, and the quantitative ratio of the first and second types of yarn is in the range from 80:20 to 20:80.
  • a textile fabric such as e.g. a woven or preferably knitted fabric made from a uniform mixture of at least two different types of yarn, at least one of the yarns having a thermal shrinkage at cooking temperature of at least 45%, preferably at least 60%, and at least one of the yarns having a thermal shrinkage of at most 10%, preferably at most 5%, and the quantitative ratio of the first and second types of yarn is in the range from 80:20 to 20:80.
  • multi-thread textile material which is produced from at least two types of yarn, will be referred to in the following as "multi-thread textile material", “multi-thread fabric” or “multi-thread knitwear”.
  • the yarns of the first type and the second type are preferably present in the deformable textile materials in a quantity ratio of 60:40 to 40:60.
  • Yarns of the first type usually have a maximum tensile elongation of 80 to 200%.
  • Preferred as the first type of yarn with a thermal shrinkage of at least 45% is a partially oriented, undrawn, so-called fast spinning yarn.
  • Such yarns are usually at a high spinning take-off speed, that of polyesters at about 2,000 to 4,000 m / min. lies.
  • Yarns of high strength are preferably used as yarns of the second type.
  • High-strength polyester yarns such as e.g. ®TREVIRA HOCHFEST from HOECHST AG.
  • both types of yarn consist of polyester, in particular of polyethylene terephthalate.
  • Deformable fabrics to be used according to the invention can be produced by uniformly mixing warp threads and / or weft threads from yarns of the two types mentioned in the quantitative ratio indicated above. If fabrics are to be used, then those which have the highest possible resistance to displacement are advantageous.
  • deformable knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics and knitted fabrics are equally suitable, but especially warp knitted fabrics.
  • the weaves and to be selected for the production of the warp-knit fabric to be used according to the invention Strength settings on the warp knitting machines are primarily based on the later intended use of the network material according to the invention or the desired depth of the three-dimensional formations perpendicular to the base surface of the textile fabric, for example the depth of the cells.
  • needle-drawn patterns are suitable in which the individual components are fed into the system separately or together, the feed being clad or arbitrary for two threads.
  • These are R / L constructions in which stitches and handles can be formed in one row using one or two needles. You can work on circular knitting single and double-surface circular knitting machines.
  • Throwing patterns in which the individual components are fed separately or together to the stitch-forming elements are also suitable. It is a matter of double-surface constructions based on interlock or cross hose. These fabrics are made on double-surface circular knitting machines.
  • a "multi-yarn textile material” for example a multi-yarn fabric or preferably a multi-yarn knitted fabric, is first produced by means of processes known per se.
  • This multi-yarn textile material is then allowed to shrink in a manner known per se by metered heat treatment, preferably in the range from 75 to 100.degree.
  • the linear shrinkage is adjusted by the choice of the shrinking temperature and the heat treatment time in such a way that it leads to the desired degree of deep-drawing ability of the multilayer textile material.
  • This shrunk, multilayer textile fabric is also an object of the present invention.
  • the shrunk multi-yarn textile material obtained preferably the knitted fabric, is subjected to the deformation into the desired three-dimensional structure, preferably by deep drawing in the manner known from EP-A-158 234.
  • the shrinkage permitted in the shrinkage stage of the manufacturing process is essentially pulled out again.
  • the less shrinking, firm component, the mesh of which was pushed on, is stretched again so that the mesh webs are pulled smooth and guarantee good compressive strength.
  • the heat treatment carried out for the targeted shrinkage of the multi-yarn textile material can also be well combined with other, if desired, i.e. combine optional manufacturing steps.
  • a possibly desired finishing of the textile material with z. B. strengthening resins, adhesion promoters for rubber and the like can be carried out under temperature conditions at which the desired shrinkage occurs.
  • the network materials (for example, well structures) obtained after the spatial deformation, preferably by deep drawing, can be used for many purposes without further reinforcement, since they already have excellent dimensional stability.
  • they can be filled with concrete or foam.
  • they can also be additionally strengthened and dimensionally stabilized by resin impregnation of the multilayer textile material.
  • the shape-stabilizing resins contained in the network materials according to the invention can originate from the various known thermoplastic or thermosetting resin groups, provided that their mechanical properties allow the shape stabilization of the network materials according to the invention.
  • suitable thermoplastic resins are polyacrylates or polyvinyl chloride; however, preferred resins are thermosets, e.g. Melamine and especially phenolic resins.
  • the amount of resin contained in the three-dimensionally deformed network materials according to the invention is preferably matched to the weight of the textile material so that when Deep-drawing the sheet-like textile material, opening the stitches into a delicate network.
  • Suitable quantities are in the range from 50 to 500, preferably 100 to 300 g resin / m2 of the undrawn textile material.
  • the amount of resin is expediently adapted to the weight per square meter of the deep-drawable textile material.
  • the decisive criterion is the condition that the meshes of the textile material open into a network during the deep-drawing process. Higher amounts of resin can also be used for special purposes, so that the meshes are closed by resin storage.
  • the three-dimensionally deformed network fabric according to the invention has a large number of deformations which extend at least in a direction which has a component perpendicular to the original plane of the textile fabric from which the network fabric according to the invention was produced.
  • the network material according to the invention has a large number of elevations on a base surface in a regular arrangement.
  • the network material according to the invention has a plurality of elevations and depressions in a regular arrangement on the level of the original base surface.
  • the elevations and depressions can have the shape of cups with a round or angular base surface or, for example, the shape of webs.
  • the plateau surfaces of the elevations or the bottom surfaces of the depressions all lie in one plane and parallel to the base surface.
  • the number, size, shape and spatial arrangement of the deformations per unit area of the fabric are selected such that the arithmetic product of the surface sizes of the original plane and the size the plateau areas of the elevations or the bottom areas of the depressions become as large as possible.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a section of a network material (3) according to the invention which has a multiplicity of cone-shaped elevations (5) on a base surface (4).
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged schematic representation of one of the cone-shaped deformations and clearly illustrates the drastic widening of the mesh structure of the textile material that occurs in the region of the deformation.
  • the network material according to the invention can of course also have other three-dimensional deformations. It is also quite possible that the surface of the original textile material is no longer retained in the three-dimensionally deformed network material according to the invention, if, for example, the material is deep-drawn by stamping from both sides of the textile surface, so that cup-shaped or cone-shaped parts are made in the material Formations alternately upwards and downwards occur at the bottom or when the original textile surface is pulled out from both sides into a zigzag surface by a plurality of narrow stamps extending in the same longitudinal direction and stabilized in this form.
  • the shrunk multi-yarn textile material is first impregnated with an above-mentioned resin suitable for increasing the strength.
  • the resins can be applied to the textile material in the customary manner by brushing, brushing, knife coating, slapping or, particularly advantageously, by dipping.
  • the resin-loaded fabric is then expediently squeezed onto the desired resin holder by a pair of squeeze rollers.
  • Thermoplastic resins are expediently applied in the form of solutions or preferably emulsions for the impregnation process.
  • Heat-curable resins (thermosets) are expediently in the commercially available form as highly concentrated aqueous solutions or dispersions.
  • thermoset the temperature of the deep-drawing device is set so that the flow area of the thermoset is reached.
  • the temperature of the deep-drawing device is regulated so that the impregnating resin can harden.
  • the temperature must be reduced below the melting point of the thermoplastics; for thermosets, the temperature of the Thermoformers generally remain unchanged because the thermosets harden even at elevated temperatures.
  • the deep-drawing device is kept closed until the stabilizing resin has hardened completely.
  • the thermoset can also be cured in a heating cabinet.
  • the resin is not required to stabilize the deep-drawn structure, but only for any additional reinforcement that may be required, the resin can also be applied after deep-drawing.
  • Another object of the present invention is a sheet-like sandwich molded body consisting of two outer solid cover layers which are connected to one another via a core consisting of the network material according to the invention described above.
  • the core material used for this purpose is the network material described above, which is particularly preferred for the production of sandwich structures and which has a multiplicity of elevations with flat plateau surfaces lying in one plane on a base area.
  • the connection between the plateau surfaces of the elevations or the bottom surfaces of the depressions of the core material according to the invention with the cover layers can be carried out by conventional lamination processes using adhesives, in particular cold or heat-curing adhesives, such as epoxy resins or thermosetting resins. Due to the large contact area between the core material and the cover layers, the bond proves to be extremely stable.
  • the sandwich moldings produced therewith have a surprisingly high compressive strength with extremely low weight.
  • the manufacturing process described above can be varied in that, as an alternative to the conventional impregnation of the fabric with resin, the deep-drawable textile material is processed together with a commercially available resin film.
  • a thermoformable textile material and one or more resin films are stacked on top of one another, the stack is thermoformed to the desired shape at a temperature at which the resin becomes flowable, and the temperature is then set such that the resin flows can and impregnates the textile material.
  • the resin films used in this process can also consist of thermoplastic or thermosetting resins. Thermosets, in particular those resins which cure at elevated temperature with crosslinking to give an infusible material of high rigidity, are also preferred here.
  • Suitable such resins which are also commercially available in the form of films, are e.g. B. unsaturated polyester resins (alkyd resins), mixtures of unsaturated polyesters with unsaturated monomeric compounds, such as. B. styrene, epoxy resins, phenolic resins or melamine resins.
  • B. unsaturated polyester resins alkyd resins
  • unsaturated monomeric compounds such as. B. styrene, epoxy resins, phenolic resins or melamine resins.
  • the resins in the form of films are also brought onto the market and applied in the uncrosslinked state, in which they are still meltable and flowable at elevated temperature.
  • the films of uncrosslinked resins to be used in the embodiment of the production process according to the invention for the network materials discussed here have a thickness of approximately 50 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 100 to 500 ⁇ m and a basis weight of approximately 50 to 500 g / m2, preferably 100 to 500 g / m2. Using these resins in the specified film thickness achieves approximately the same resin impregnation as in the application of the liquid resin preparation described above by conventional impregnation.
  • the temperature at which the uncrosslinked resin melts is generally 100 to 250 ° C., preferably 140 to 200 ° C.
  • Textile fabrics which are made solely from the shrinking high-speed spinning yarn, show an uncontrolled stretching during deep drawing and the resulting serious fluctuations in strength.
  • the "multi-yarn textile materials” according to the invention do not result in fluctuations in strength.
  • the stretchable and shrinkable yarn type regulates the tightness of the textile material.
  • Their high level of shrinkage provides a good stretch reserve for deep drawing with a good mesh density. A high constructional stretch is therefore no longer of decisive importance when choosing a pattern.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that the shrunk multi-yarn textile material has an increased stability during possible impregnation and finishing steps.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Outer Garments And Coats (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Matière textile déformable composée d'un produit textile plat, caractérisé en ce que le produit plat se compose d'un mélange à parts égales d'au moins deux types différents de filés, au moins l'un des filés ayant un retrait thermique à la température d'ébullition d'au moins 45%, de préférence d'au moins 60%, et au moins l'un des filés ayant un retrait thermique de 10% au maximum, de préférence de 5% au maximum, et le rapport quantitatif du premier type de filé au deuxième se trouve dans le domaine de 80:20 à 20:80.
  2. Matière textile déformable selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le produit textile plat est un tricot.
  3. Matière textile déformable selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que le filé ayant un retrait thermique >45% est un filé à filage rapide.
  4. Matière textile déformable selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le filé avec un retrait thermique inférieur à 10% est un filé très résistant.
  5. Matière textile déformable selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que le filé se compose de polyester, de préférence de téréphtalate de polyéthylène.
  6. Matière textile déformable selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que il se présente sous forme rétrécie.
  7. Matière textile déformable selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu'il est muni d'un apprêt, de préférence d'un apprêt à la résine.
  8. Matériau de réseau à dimensions stables, déformé en trois dimensions à base d'une matière textile déformable, caractérisé en ce que la matière textile est une matière de l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, le matériau de réseau forme une structure de réseau tridimensionnel à mailles ouvertes et en ce que les déformations s'étendent dans au moins une direction, qui présente un composant perpendiculaire au plan d'origine du produit plat et les déformations ont la forme de coupelles, de rainures ou analogues, qui possèdent de préférence chacune un nouveau plan, disposé en parallèle au plan d'origine du produit plat.
  9. Procédé pour la préparation de matière textile déformable de la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite au moins deux types de filés dont au moins un des filés a un retrait thermique à la température d'ébullition d'au moins 45%, de préférence d'au moins 60% et au moins l'un des filés a un retrait thermique de 10% au maximum, de préférence de 5% au maximum, de façon connue en soi pour obtenir un produit plat textile, le premier et le deuxième type de filé étant dans un rapport quantitatif de 80:20 à 20:80, de telle façon qu'on obtienne dans le plan un mélange uniforme des filés.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'on transforme deux types de filé en tissu ou de préférence en tricot.
  11. Procédé selon au moins une des revendications 9 et 10, caractérisé en ce que les produits plats textiles sont rétrécis à une température élevée, de préférence entre 75 et 150°C.
  12. Procédé pour la préparation d'un matériau de réseau à dimensions stables, déformé en trois dimensions, caractérisé en ce qu'une matière textile déformable des revendications 1 à 7 est déformée en trois dimensions de façon recherchée par emboutissage ou par un procédé de mise en forme analogue.
  13. Corps-sandwich composé d'une matière d'âme et de deux plaques de recouvrement, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme matière d'âme un matériau de réseau de la revendication 8.
EP90113530A 1989-07-21 1990-07-14 Matériau textile plat déformable, et filet produit de ce matériau Expired - Lifetime EP0411372B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3924150 1989-07-21
DE3924150A DE3924150A1 (de) 1989-07-21 1989-07-21 Verformbares textiles flaechengebilde und daraus hergestellte netzwerkstoffe

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0411372A2 EP0411372A2 (fr) 1991-02-06
EP0411372A3 EP0411372A3 (en) 1991-12-04
EP0411372B1 true EP0411372B1 (fr) 1995-10-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90113530A Expired - Lifetime EP0411372B1 (fr) 1989-07-21 1990-07-14 Matériau textile plat déformable, et filet produit de ce matériau

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5158821A (fr)
EP (1) EP0411372B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0359153A (fr)
AT (1) ATE128741T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3924150A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0411372T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2078926T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3018070T3 (fr)

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JPH0359153A (ja) 1991-03-14
ES2078926T3 (es) 1996-01-01
EP0411372A2 (fr) 1991-02-06
DK0411372T3 (da) 1996-02-12
ATE128741T1 (de) 1995-10-15
DE3924150A1 (de) 1991-01-31
DE59009737D1 (de) 1995-11-09
US5158821A (en) 1992-10-27
EP0411372A3 (en) 1991-12-04
GR3018070T3 (en) 1996-02-29

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