EP0409790A1 - Installation de combustion - Google Patents

Installation de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0409790A1
EP0409790A1 EP90810544A EP90810544A EP0409790A1 EP 0409790 A1 EP0409790 A1 EP 0409790A1 EP 90810544 A EP90810544 A EP 90810544A EP 90810544 A EP90810544 A EP 90810544A EP 0409790 A1 EP0409790 A1 EP 0409790A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boiler
combustion
chamber
combustion air
control circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90810544A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Willi Hager
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0409790A1 publication Critical patent/EP0409790A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
    • F23B10/02—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers including separate secondary combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B50/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone
    • F23B50/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel forming a column, stack or thick layer with the combustion zone at its bottom
    • F23B50/06—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel forming a column, stack or thick layer with the combustion zone at its bottom the flue gases being removed downwards through one or more openings in the fuel-supporting surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/10—Measuring temperature stack temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/04—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers in stacks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/06—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/06—Controlling two predeterming temperatures, e.g. day-night

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a furnace with a boiler in which at least one chamber for combusting fuel is designed, with at least one device for feeding combustion air into the boiler, with a device for removing flue gases from the boiler, with at least one heat exchanger, which is connected between the discharge device and the combustion chamber and with a device for controlling the course of fuel burnup.
  • Such fuels include logs, for example. Openers in which logs are burned are filled with wood and you then wait until the respective fill is almost burned. Then the furnace is filled again. After the wood has been filled into the furnace, the temperature of the exhaust gas, which results from the combustion of the quantity of wood filled, is relatively low. The temperature of this exhaust gas then slowly rises. When all the wood glows, the exhaust gas temperature is at its highest and after When the amount of wood burns up, the exhaust gas temperature drops relatively quickly. This is repeated after each filling of the combustion device with the fuel.
  • the exhaust gas also has different compositions. At certain temperatures, the exhaust gas contains substances that pollute the environment or can even damage it.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned of the known combustion plants.
  • the combustion system shown schematically in FIG. 1 comprises a boiler 1 for the combustion of fuel.
  • wood is the most suitable fuel. It can be logs or else shredded pieces of wood, which can be fed to the boiler 1 to a certain extent continuously. Under certain circumstances, the fuel can also be heating gas.
  • the boiler 1 will be an atmospheric gas boiler.
  • the boiler 1 is a wooden boiler, advantageously a log boiler.
  • the boiler 1 can be constructed in such a way that it is suitable for the lower burning of wood.
  • a device 2 for feeding combustion air is connected upstream of the boiler 1.
  • This feed device 2 is designed such that it enables the combustion air to be supplied to the boiler 1 in a controlled manner.
  • a device 3 is connected to the outlet section of the boiler 1, which enables smoke gases to be removed from the boiler 1.
  • the present combustion device or firing system further comprises a device 5, which makes it possible to influence or regulate the course of the fuel combustion in the boiler 1.
  • This device 5 contains at least one control circuit A or B.
  • the respective control circuit A or B includes a measuring device 6 or 26, a controller 7 or 27 and an actuating device 8 or 18, these elements of the respective control circuit A or B are connected to one another in a manner known per se.
  • the boiler 1 contains only one combustion or gasification chamber 10, which is connected to the flue gas outlet device 3 via a heat exchanger 9.
  • the feed device 2 is assigned to the combustion chamber 10.
  • the heat exchanger 9 contains a side wall 33 which faces the interior of the boiler 1 and in which an opening 29 for the entry of the flue gases from the combustion chamber 10 into the heat exchanger 9 is made.
  • At this inlet opening 29 there is a flow channel 31 in the interior of the heat exchanger 9, where the actual heat exchange between the flue gases and the water supplied to the heat exchanger 9 takes place.
  • the flow channel 31 ends with an outlet opening 34, to which the exhaust or outlet device 3 of the present system is connected.
  • the outlet device 3 comprises a channel 12 through which the flue gases can escape from the boiler 1.
  • the channel 12 can be a chimney draft or a pipe which connects the boiler 1 to the chimney draft.
  • the measuring device 6 of the first control circuit A of the control device 5 is attached to the flue gas outlet 12.
  • This measuring device 6 contains a sensor 13 which responds to the temperature of the flue gases in the smoke exhaust duct 12.
  • the sensor 13 is coupled to a suitable transducer 14, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the controller 7 of this control circuit A.
  • the device 2 for the supply of combustion air contains a means 4, by means of which the flow of combustion air through the boiler 1 can be controlled.
  • This means 4 comprises a fan 15, which is connected via a feed channel 16 to an inlet opening of the combustion chamber 10.
  • a throttle valve 17 which represents the actuator of the actuating device 8 of the first control circuit 8.
  • the position of the throttle 17 can be changed by a motor 18, which represents the actuator of the actuating device 8.
  • the amount of combustion air supplied to the boiler 1 can however, can also be changed in such a way that the speed of the fan 15 is changed by the controller 7 in accordance with the respective situation in the boiler 1.
  • the throttle valve 17 is omitted (not shown in FIG. 1) and the output of the controller 7 is designed to influence the drive of the fan 15.
  • Such a boiler 1 comprises the gasification chamber 10 already mentioned as well as a burnout chamber 20 for wood gas which is connected downstream thereof.
  • the flow connection between these chambers 10 and 20 is indicated by an opening 21 which is implemented in the wall 22 separating these chambers 10 and 20.
  • the inner side wall 33 of the heat exchanger 9 is assigned to the burnout chamber 20.
  • the gasification chamber 10 is the one described above Feeder 2 equipped for combustion air.
  • the burnout chamber 20 is equipped with its own supply device 11 for the combustion air and with its own control circuit B of the control device 5.
  • One of the inputs of the controller 27 of this second control circuit B is connected to a measuring device 26, which is assigned to the outlet section of the furnace.
  • This measuring device 26 contains an oxygen probe 23 which is coupled to a measuring transducer 24 and whose output is connected to one of the inputs of the controller 27.
  • the oxygen probe 23 is located in the exhaust duct 12 (not shown), and it can be arranged in the vicinity of the thermometer 13.
  • the second device 11 for supplying combustion air to the burnout chamber 20 contains a means 19 by means of which the flow of combustion air through the burnout chamber 2 can be controlled.
  • This means 19 comprises a blower 15, which is connected via a feed channel 16 to an inlet opening of the burnout chamber 20.
  • a throttle valve 17 which represents the actuator of the actuating device 28 of this control circuit B.
  • the position of the throttle 17 can be changed by a motor 18, which represents the actuator of the actuating device 28.
  • the amount of combustion air supplied to the burnout chamber 20 can also be changed in such a way that the speed of the fan 15 is changed by the controller 27 in accordance with the respective situation in the burnout chamber 20.
  • the throttle valve 17 is thus eliminated (not shown in FIG. 1) and the output of the controller 27 is designed to influence the drive of the fan 15.
  • the oxygen probe 23 could be damaged if it is arranged in the exhaust duct 1.
  • a bypass channel 30 is provided, which runs parallel to the flow channel 31 in the heat exchanger 9.
  • a further opening 32 is embodied in the side wall 33 of the boiler 1, which represents the inlet opening of the bypass channel 30.
  • the bypass channel 30 also has an outer mouth 37, where it ends and where it meets the outlet mouth 34 of the flow channel 31 in the heat exchanger 9.
  • the extraction duct 12 of the discharge device 3 connects to this branching point 34, 37 of the ducts 30 and 31.
  • a changeover flap 35 is provided, which in the area where the flow channel 31 merges with the bypass channel 30 is arranged.
  • This changeover flap 35 which is adjustable between two end positions, is articulated at this branching point 34, 37 in such a way that it can either close the outlet opening 34 of the flow channel 31 or the outlet opening 37 of the bypass channel 30.
  • the changeover flap 35 is advantageously pivotally articulated at that point of the branching 34, 37 between the channels 30 and 31 that lies at the confluence of the walls of these channels 30 and 31.
  • the pivoting range of the flap 35 is about 90 degrees and when it is in its end positions, it closes either the outer mouth 37 of the bypass channel 30 or the outer mouth 34 of the flow channel 31.
  • the flue gases from the burnout chamber 20 then flow accordingly through either Heat exchanger 9 or through the bypass duct 30.
  • the flow channel 31 has an end section 36 which is connected upstream of the outlet opening 34 of this channel 31.
  • This end section 36 is designed as an elbow which consists of two tube pieces 361 and 362 which are practically at right angles to one another.
  • the free end of the horizontal pipe section 362 is assigned to the housing of the heat exchanger 9, while the vertical pipe section 361 ends in the outlet opening 34 of the flow channel 31.
  • the oxygen probe 23 is located in that section 361 of the elbow 36 which is in the outlet opening 34 of the through Run channel 31 ends.
  • the oxygen probe 23 can also be arranged at another point on the flow channel 31, for example also in the horizontal blank 362.
  • thermometer 13 is located in that section of the execution device 3 through which flue gases can flow regardless of the position of the changeover flap 35.
  • the thermometer 13 is therefore housed in the culvert 12.
  • the changeover flap 35 is in its horizontal position (FIG. 1), so that the flow channel 31 is closed and the flue gases can only flow through the bypass channel 30. In this way, the flue gases go directly into the smoke exhaust duct 12. Since no flue gases flow through the heat exchanger 9, the oxygen probe 23 is protected against the harmful effects of the flue gases and the second control circuit B is ineffective. Only after the operating conditions in the boiler 1 have stabilized to such an extent that there is no longer any danger to the oxygen probe 23 is the switchover flap 35 moved to its vertical position (not shown). The flue gases now flow through the heat exchanger 9 and thus also past the oxygen probe 23.
  • the control circuit B can supply combustion air for burnout Regulate chamber 20 according to the given specifications.
  • Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the present furnace, in which one of the control loops B described above is used.
  • the boiler 1 is advantageously an atmospheric gas boiler, which can enable condensation heat to be used.
  • the boiler 1 has a housing 40 and at least one gas burner 41 is arranged in the lower section of this housing 40.
  • the connection of this burner 41 to a gas line is only indicated schematically in FIG. 2.
  • an opening 42 is made in one of the walls 43 of the boiler housing 40, through which combustion air can get into the boiler 1.
  • a connecting piece 45 Connected to the outside of said housing wall 43 is a connecting piece 45, which ends at one end in the housing opening 42 and thus opens into the interior of the boiler housing 40.
  • This nozzle 43 can be designed as a piece of pipe.
  • the heat exchanger 9 which is known a and which is therefore only indicated by the relevant reference number.
  • the smoke exhaust duct 12 with its inner end section adjoins this upper housing section, specifically to one of the side walls 47 of the boiler housing 40.
  • This side wall 47 can advantageously counteract that side wall 43 of the boiler housing 40 lie in which the opening 42 is designed for the supply of combustion air.
  • the other end part of the smoke exhaust duct 12 is connected to a chimney flue 46 of a type generally known in gas boilers.
  • the control loop used in the present case corresponds to the second control loop B already described.
  • the oxygen probe 23 is located in the smoke exhaust duct 12 and is connected to the controller 27 via the transducer 24.
  • the means 19 for supplying combustion air comprises the throttle valve 17 already described, which is sub-wired in the pipe socket 45. The position of the throttle 17 can be adjusted with the aid of the motor 18, the motor 18 being controllable by the controller 27.
  • the gas boilers known to date are mostly reliant on the natural draft. However, such fireplaces are mostly operated with too much excess air, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the boiler.
  • the boiler 1 (FIG. 2) is equipped with the control circuit B described.
  • the oxygen probe 23 can determine the residual oxygen content in the flue gases. If this excess exceeds a predetermined optimal value, the throttle valve 17 is adjusted so that less combustion air is supplied to the boiler 1 and vice versa.
  • Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of the furnace with a gas boiler. This design is very similar to the combustion system according to FIG. 2 and therefore the same reference numbers apply to the same components of the system.
  • the system according to FIG. 5 differs from the system according to FIG. 2 primarily in that the throttle valve 17 is located in the exhaust duct 12.
  • An insert 44 is interposed in the discharge duct 12, in which the throttle 17 is pivotally mounted.
  • the oxygen probe 23 is advantageously located in front of the throttle valve 17.
  • the inlet opening 42 for the combustion air is designed as a series of slots which is made in the lower region of the boiler housing 40.
  • a furnace is shown in a vertical section, which is constructed according to the scheme of FIG. 1.
  • the walls of the boiler housing 40 are, as is common, lined with insulating material.
  • the gasification chamber 10 be can be found in the upper area of the boiler housing 40 and the burnout chamber 20 lies below it.
  • Heat exchangers 9 are provided, in which water can be heated.
  • the wall 22, which separates these two chambers 10 and 20 from one another, runs horizontally in this boiler 1. At least part of this partition 22 is designed as a grate 48 on which glowing fuel, in particular wood, can rest.
  • the opening 21 in the partition 22 of the boiler 1 according to FIG. 1 indicates the grate 48.
  • the means 4 for the supply of combustion air is designed so that it can supply the two chambers 10 and 20 with combustion air.
  • the means 19 is also designed so that the amount of supply air for the respective chamber 10 or 20 can be set individually.
  • the feed means 4 merely has a single blower 15 which opens into an equalizing chamber 49.
  • This compensation chamber 49 is followed by supply channels 161 and 162 for the combustion air at one end, in each of which a throttle valve 17 of the control circuits A and B is accommodated.
  • the distributor 50 is fastened in one of the side walls 51 of the boiler 1.
  • the distributor 50 is ver shown larger in Fig. 4. From FIG. 4 it can be seen, among other things, that the insert 50 is inserted in an opening 39 in the boiler side wall 51 from the inside of the boiler 1, so that most of the distributor 50 is in the boiler 1 and the opening 39 from the inside concealed here.
  • a seal 52 is inserted, which seals the joint between the boiler opening 39 and the edge of the housing 55 of the distributor 50.
  • the distributor 50 has prechambers 53 and 54, the first feed line 161 being connected to the first prechamber 53 and the second feed line 162 being connected to the second prechamber 54.
  • the antechambers 53 and 54 are separated from one another in the interior of the distributor housing 55 by means of an intermediate wall 56.
  • the outside of the outer wall 57 of the housing 55 is provided with a layer 58 made of a heat-insulating material.
  • the inner wall 6u of the housing 55 which faces the interior of the boiler 1, is designed as a double wall, which represents a section of one of the heat exchangers 9.
  • the intermediate wall 56 in the distributor 50 lies at the level of the partition 22 in the boiler 1 or higher than the partition 22.
  • the first antechamber 53, which lies above the intermediate wall 56, is therefore practically completely in the region of the gasification chamber 10.
  • the first antechamber 53 is provided with an outlet orifice 61 through which combustion air can enter the gasification chamber 10.
  • This outlet mouth 61 is located in the upper wall 65 of this prechamber 53.
  • the second prechamber 54 is also provided with an outlet mouth 62 through which combustion air can reach the burnout chamber 20.
  • This outlet opening 62 is located in the lower wall 66 of this pre-chamber 62.
  • the distributor 50 has a channel 63 in the region of the second pre-chamber 54, which passes through the double wall 60 of the distributor housing 50 and which adjoins an air channel 64 in the partition 22 of the boiler 1.
  • This air duct 64 extends practically parallel to the larger surfaces of the partition wall 22 and extends to the grate 48. With the aid of the ducts 63 and 64, air is supplied from the second antechamber 54 to the grate 48 in the partition wall 22.
  • the flow channel 31 indicated, which passes through the rear wall 59 of the boiler housing 40.
  • the intermediate piece 36 is fastened, in which the flow channel 31 continues up to its outlet mouth 34 on the discharge channel 12.
  • the intermediate piece 36 is designed as a straight tube or hollow piece, the mouths of which form a right angle between them and which is assigned to the outside 9 of the rear wall 59.
  • the changeover flap 35 already described is located in the region of the outlet mouth 34 of the channel 31.
  • a part 69 of one of the heat exchangers 9 is likewise embedded in the rear wall 59.
  • This heat exchanger part 69 is designed as a double wall, which is arranged in the region of the partition wall 22 for the same reason as the heat exchanger part 60.
  • the intermediate piece 36 rests on the outside of this intermediate wall 69, so that water in the heat exchanger 69 can also remove heat from the flue gases in the intermediate piece 36.
  • the bypass duct 30 In the upper region of the rear wall 59 of the boiler housing 40, the bypass duct 30 already mentioned is designed with its inlet opening 32 and with its outlet opening 37. This time, however, the bypass duct 30 is implemented in that area of the rear wall 59 of the boiler 1 which is assigned to the gasification chamber 10. It follows that the bypass channel 30 can also be assigned to the gasification chamber 10. In such a case the inlet opening 32 of the same lies in the upper section of the wall 59 of the gasification chamber 10. The outlet channel 37 is connected to the outlet opening 37 of the bypass duct 30. In Fig. 3 the switching flap 35 is shown in its vertical position.
  • thermometer 13 which is one of the components of the first control circuit A, is located in the flue gas outlet 12, as has already been described.
  • pieces of wood 70 are introduced into the gasification chamber 10 through a fill opening which can be closed by a door 71 and are ignited.
  • the switch flap 35 is in its horizontal position (FIG. 1) and the throttle valve 17 in the first channel 161 for the supply of primary air is closed. Consequently, the combustion air can only flow through the second feed channel 162 and it enters the burnout chamber 20. Since the flow channel 31 is closed by means of the changeover flap 35, this air can only pass through the grate 48, through the wood charge 70 in the gasification chamber 10, through the Bypass channel 30 and the lying flap 35 in front at get into the culvert 12. This supports the start-up of the boiler 1 and the oxygen probe 23 is outside the range of the flue gases.
  • the throttle 17 in the first feed channel 161 is opened and the switching flap 35 is brought into the vertical position shown in FIG. 3.
  • the throttle 17 in the first feed channel 161 is opened so far that an air overpressure arises in the gasification chamber 10.
  • the combustion air flows from the gasification chamber 10 through the grate 48 into the burnout chamber 20 and from there through the flow channels 31 and 36 into the smoke vent 12.
  • the oxygen probe 23 now emits a usable signal and the control circuits A and B can start to function, to regulate the operation of the boiler 1 in the manner already described.
  • the primary air supply through the duct 161 into the gasification chamber 10 is regulated as a function of the exhaust gas temperature, a constant, well-burning flame of sufficient temperature is created in the afterburning zone 20 and, thanks to the regulation, it can also be maintained.
  • the chemical turnover and the firing performance are kept constant and they can be kept at an optimal level.
  • the secondary air is automatically regulated through the second feed channel 162 into the burnout chamber 20 as a function of the excess of oxygen in the flue gases. This makes it possible to adjust the composition of the flue gases so that they contain as little pollutants as possible.
  • the afterburning zone 20 is not water-cooled, so that the flame temperature can become sufficiently high.
  • the excess of oxygen differs depending on the boiler design. Setpoint specifications are selected and set in accordance with the boiler design and the oxygen excess can thus be kept constant.
  • the electronic control and regulation enables the boiler to start as quickly as possible and the optimum operating temperature to be reached as quickly as possible in order to keep the pollutant emissions low at the start.
  • the changeover flap 35 By moving the changeover flap 35, the residual oxygen probe 23 in the exhaust gas is protected from the exhaust gas shock that partially burns out when the boiler is started. It is also conceivable that the oxygen probe 23 is also located in the exhaust duct 12, but that it is temporarily covered with a cover (not shown) during the start of the boiler.
  • the primary and secondary air can be supplied in a controlled manner during normal operation of the boiler.
  • Log burning is a batch process and this is characterized by the fact that in different operating phases the oxygen requirement to achieve an optimal boiler efficiency and to achieve the best emission values is different.
  • the condition can also be signaled if additional fuel has to be added to the log boiler. Any automatically undesired bridging in the gasification zone 10 can be disturbed by automatically initiated stoking.
  • the present regulation can also be applied to boilers in which shredded pieces of wood, e.g. Wood chips to be burned.
  • optimal firing results can be achieved by keeping the firing output, which is proportional to the firing temperature, constant at a suitable level by regulating the fuel supply (not shown) and the primary air supply to the gasification chamber 10.
  • the secondary air supply is regulated according to the excess of oxygen in the exhaust gases.
  • the actual combustion output value is determined by the temperature measurement in the exhaust gas stream 12 and by the controller 7, which can be a PI controller with a slow response, to a boiler specific setpoint value.
  • the control value for log boilers is the primary air supply through duct 161. For wood boilers that are fed with chopped wood, the primary air supply and the fuel input are the control values.
  • the oxygen probe 23 is to be installed as close as possible to the boiler outlet of the flue gases in order to ensure very little time delays. A high exhaust gas velocity should prevail at the installation site in order to ensure a short reaction time of the probe 23.
  • the oxygen surpluses can be kept to a minimum when regulating the furnace, because the control circuit B constantly pays attention to a minimal oxygen surplus. It is therefore unnecessary to provide safety supplements for all the unpredictability of the subsequent operation of the furnace.
  • control loop B alone can be used with the oxygen probe 23 on a boiler, so that control loop A need not be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP90810544A 1989-07-19 1990-07-17 Installation de combustion Withdrawn EP0409790A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2692/89 1989-07-19
CH269289 1989-07-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0409790A1 true EP0409790A1 (fr) 1991-01-23

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EP90810544A Withdrawn EP0409790A1 (fr) 1989-07-19 1990-07-17 Installation de combustion

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0604388A1 (fr) * 1992-12-22 1994-06-29 Kurt Pfisterer Dispositif de réglage de l'alimentation d'air comburant pour un foyer
EP0866266A3 (fr) * 1997-03-20 1999-08-18 Heribert Posch Dispositif de combustion avec deux sortes d' arrivée d' air
EP1118816A2 (fr) * 2000-01-21 2001-07-25 Spiess Ofentechnik AG Poêle et dispositif pour ameliorer des caractéristiques de combustion d'une telle poêle
WO2001071253A2 (fr) * 2000-03-24 2001-09-27 Organic Power Asa Procede et dispositif permettant de bruler un combustible solide
WO2008037413A3 (fr) * 2006-09-30 2008-07-17 Hochschule Karlsruhe Technik U Procédé et dispositif destinés à brûler des combustibles
EP2058589A3 (fr) * 2007-11-10 2009-10-21 IHT Innovative Heiztechnik GmbH Chaudière pour combustible solide
EP1698828A3 (fr) * 2005-02-28 2009-11-25 Kutzner + Weber GmbH Installation de combustion, en particulier système de réglage d'une installation de combustion selon ses conditions de ventilation ou d'échappement de gaz de combustion
EP1983258A3 (fr) * 2007-03-13 2010-03-31 Central Boiler Inc. Brûleur à bois
ITMI20100204A1 (it) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-12 Domotherm S R L Sistema di riscaldamento domestico con sorgente di calore costituita da focolare chiuso alimentato da legna e/o biomasse e sistema di recupero calore dai fumi ad esso applicabile.
EP2246624A3 (fr) * 2009-04-29 2012-04-25 Heinz Prof. Dr. Kohler Installation de combustion ménagère dotée d'une combustion de matière solide continue et son procédé de fonctionnement
EP3081860A1 (fr) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-19 RIKA Innovative Ofentechnik GmbH Four
EP3208542A1 (fr) 2016-02-22 2017-08-23 Finoptim Appareil de chauffage domestique
EP4209708A1 (fr) * 2022-01-03 2023-07-12 Blaze Harmony s.r.o. Chaudière de gazéification de combustible solide à tuyère radiale

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US4319556A (en) * 1981-03-09 1982-03-16 Jamestown Group Catalytic stove
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FR2518231A1 (fr) * 1981-12-10 1983-06-17 Deville Ste Indle Procede et dispositif de regulation du regime de chauffe d'une chaudiere
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EP0124945A2 (fr) * 1983-05-06 1984-11-14 Van der Voort, Eduard Thomas Jacobus Générateur de chaleur
EP0154956A2 (fr) * 1984-03-16 1985-09-18 UNICAL S.p.A. Brûleur pour chaudière en acier à combustible solide
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DE2950690A1 (de) * 1979-12-17 1981-06-25 Servo-Instrument, in Deutschland Alleinvertrieb der BEAB-Regulatoren GmbH u. Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach Vorrichtung zur regelung der verbrennungsluftmenge einer feuerstaette
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JPS5777826A (en) * 1980-10-31 1982-05-15 Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd Heating furnace
JPS57144821A (en) * 1981-03-04 1982-09-07 Chino Works Ltd Control unit for combustion furnace
US4319556A (en) * 1981-03-09 1982-03-16 Jamestown Group Catalytic stove
JPS57155017A (en) * 1981-03-20 1982-09-25 Hitachi Metals Ltd Energy saving type incinerator
FR2518231A1 (fr) * 1981-12-10 1983-06-17 Deville Ste Indle Procede et dispositif de regulation du regime de chauffe d'une chaudiere
DE3242288A1 (de) * 1982-11-16 1984-05-17 Josef Stadler Gmbh & Co, 7910 Neu-Ulm Verfahren und einrichtung zur regelung der verbrennung bei heizkesseln fuer feste brennstoffe
EP0124945A2 (fr) * 1983-05-06 1984-11-14 Van der Voort, Eduard Thomas Jacobus Générateur de chaleur
EP0154956A2 (fr) * 1984-03-16 1985-09-18 UNICAL S.p.A. Brûleur pour chaudière en acier à combustible solide
JPS60228819A (ja) * 1984-04-27 1985-11-14 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ボイラの空気流量制御装置

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Cited By (20)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0604388A1 (fr) * 1992-12-22 1994-06-29 Kurt Pfisterer Dispositif de réglage de l'alimentation d'air comburant pour un foyer
EP0866266A3 (fr) * 1997-03-20 1999-08-18 Heribert Posch Dispositif de combustion avec deux sortes d' arrivée d' air
EP1118816A3 (fr) * 2000-01-21 2003-12-03 Spiess Ofentechnik AG Poêle et dispositif pour ameliorer des caractéristiques de combustion d'une telle poêle
EP1118816A2 (fr) * 2000-01-21 2001-07-25 Spiess Ofentechnik AG Poêle et dispositif pour ameliorer des caractéristiques de combustion d'une telle poêle
CZ304760B6 (cs) * 2000-03-24 2014-10-01 Inc Engineering As Způsob a zařízení ke spalování pevných paliv a konkrétně pevných odpadů
US6848375B2 (en) 2000-03-24 2005-02-01 Organic Power Asa Method and device for combustion of solid fuel
CN100476293C (zh) * 2000-03-24 2009-04-08 Inc工程股份有限公司 燃烧特别是固体废物的固体燃料的方法和装置
WO2001071253A2 (fr) * 2000-03-24 2001-09-27 Organic Power Asa Procede et dispositif permettant de bruler un combustible solide
WO2001071253A3 (fr) * 2000-03-24 2002-01-24 Organic Power As Procede et dispositif permettant de bruler un combustible solide
EP1698828A3 (fr) * 2005-02-28 2009-11-25 Kutzner + Weber GmbH Installation de combustion, en particulier système de réglage d'une installation de combustion selon ses conditions de ventilation ou d'échappement de gaz de combustion
DE102006046599B4 (de) * 2006-09-30 2012-02-09 Hochschule Karlsruhe-Technik Und Wirtschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur diskontinuierlichen Verbrennung von Brennstoffen
WO2008037413A3 (fr) * 2006-09-30 2008-07-17 Hochschule Karlsruhe Technik U Procédé et dispositif destinés à brûler des combustibles
EP1983258A3 (fr) * 2007-03-13 2010-03-31 Central Boiler Inc. Brûleur à bois
EP2058589A3 (fr) * 2007-11-10 2009-10-21 IHT Innovative Heiztechnik GmbH Chaudière pour combustible solide
EP2246624A3 (fr) * 2009-04-29 2012-04-25 Heinz Prof. Dr. Kohler Installation de combustion ménagère dotée d'une combustion de matière solide continue et son procédé de fonctionnement
ITMI20100204A1 (it) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-12 Domotherm S R L Sistema di riscaldamento domestico con sorgente di calore costituita da focolare chiuso alimentato da legna e/o biomasse e sistema di recupero calore dai fumi ad esso applicabile.
EP3081860A1 (fr) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-19 RIKA Innovative Ofentechnik GmbH Four
EP3208542A1 (fr) 2016-02-22 2017-08-23 Finoptim Appareil de chauffage domestique
FR3048072A1 (fr) * 2016-02-22 2017-08-25 Finoptim Appareil de chauffage domestique
EP4209708A1 (fr) * 2022-01-03 2023-07-12 Blaze Harmony s.r.o. Chaudière de gazéification de combustible solide à tuyère radiale

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