EP0397586B1 - Boiler section for low temperature heating boiler - Google Patents
Boiler section for low temperature heating boiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0397586B1 EP0397586B1 EP19900440040 EP90440040A EP0397586B1 EP 0397586 B1 EP0397586 B1 EP 0397586B1 EP 19900440040 EP19900440040 EP 19900440040 EP 90440040 A EP90440040 A EP 90440040A EP 0397586 B1 EP0397586 B1 EP 0397586B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plates
- plate
- plane
- heating body
- boiler
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 14
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000031968 Cadaver Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
- F24H1/30—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built up from sections
- F24H1/32—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
- F24H9/001—Guiding means
- F24H9/0026—Guiding means in combustion gas channels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heating body for a so-called low temperature boiler and more particularly to a heating body making it possible to control the temperature of the flue gases.
- FR-A-2071754 describes a boiler whose flues are open on the front face of the heating body in order to facilitate their cleaning.
- horizontal flues can include baffles or trays whose function is to slow the exit of gases.
- the main drawback of this boiler is that the front panel is not used to heat the water in the canals, resulting in a loss of energy from the front of the boiler.
- a first object of the invention is to provide a heating body of a new type making it possible to overcome the above drawbacks while maintaining the cost price of the assembly.
- the heating body according to the invention which comprises a front face, a rear face, possibly one or two intermediate elements, a plurality of channels for the circulation of the heating water, a door being applied on a façade plan, is characterized in that the front façade participates in the exchange of calories between the fumes and the water.
- the front facade a set of one or more trays occupying most of the front face, set back from an appropriate distance from the facade plane, said trays being equipped with pins directed towards the front plane and in that there is also provided at least one water circulation channel, applied against or forming a body with said plates on the one hand, and in contact with the hearth on the other hand and in that one further provides a cavity forming the front part of the hearth and a plurality of smoke flues, cavity and smoke flues opening on the one hand on the facade plane to facilitate cleaning, and on the other hand on the assembly plane of the parts facade or intermediate exchanger elements.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a heating body making it possible to produce a particularly efficient boiler in a reduced size, by lengthening the internal flue gas circuit and by increasing the exchange surfaces.
- a third object of the present invention is to involve the front panel in the exchange of water / smoke heat.
- Another object of the invention is to vary, by a suitable device, the outlet temperature of the fumes and to adjust this temperature according to the characteristics and needs of the chimney, in order to mainly avoid condensation therein. observed when the temperature of the fumes leaving the boiler turns out to be too low.
- Flame temperature variators are already known such as that described in document FR-A-2017563, which acts on the length of the path of the fumes just before they leave the boiler.
- this boiler is higher than the usual boilers, because it comprises above the heating body a return chamber in which the variator is placed.
- the variator according to the invention does not have this drawback, it consists of at least one plate, placed on the smoke path, in the space between the internal face of the door and the exchanger plates of the boiler, this plate being either applied to at least part of the pins of one of the exchanger plates, or fixed to the internal face of the boiler door; the variator can also be formed by two of these plates.
- the cast iron heating body represented in the figures from 1 to 5 is preferably composed of two parts, a front face 1 and a rear face 2 assembled according to a vertical assembly plane P, by tie rods not shown placed in housings appropriate 9 and of the pairs which come to be housed in the connections.
- the front facade has a central cavity 3 forming the front part of the hearth where the flame will develop.
- This cavity 3 opens onto the front facade plane 17 substantially following the general shape of a rhombus 31 with rounded angles.
- This cavity widens and opens into the plane "P" in a complex shape 32 shown in FIG. 1, the lower part of which is substantially the same shape and the same dimensions as the lower part of the form 31, and the upper part recalls the general shape of a rectangle with rounded angles occupying practically the width of the boiler.
- Exchanger flues are provided in the lower and upper parts of the front panel, and are fitted with exchange fins 16 in a manner known per se.
- Two horizontal lower flues 14a, 14b, in a direction perpendicular to the plane "P" or to the facade plane 17 have a substantially triangular rounded section whose side resembling a hypotenuse is directed towards the focal point and the angular part towards the outside of the body of the boiler.
- Three horizontal upper flues 15a, 15b, 15 ′ in a direction perpendicular to the plane "P", show a section of substantially rectangular shape with rounded corners, the central flue 15 ′ having its narrow side towards the hearth 3 and, the lateral flues 15a 15b showing him their largest side.
- the front façade also has two large exchanger plates 11, 12 parallel to the front façade plane 17 and recessed with respect to this plane by a distance "d".
- the exchanger plates 11, 12 are equipped over their entire surface with pins or fins 13 increasing the exchange surface in known manner.
- the rear facade 2 comprises a central cavity 33 forming the rear part of the hearth, this cavity does not open onto the rear of the boiler but it opens onto the plane "P" in a substantially rectangular shape 34, the upper part of which substantially affects the shapes and dimensions of the upper part of the form 32 of the front panel, and the lower part of which extends to the bottom of the heating body, as can be seen in FIG. 2.
- the rear facade 2 comprises three flues 25a, 25b, 25 ′ in the upper part which are the extensions of the flues 15a, 15b, 15 ′ of the front facade.
- a set of water circulation channels 4 is provided all around the fireplace and the flues.
- two vertical channels 42 of L-shaped section (see FIG. 4), run along the exchanger plates 11,12 to capture the calories collected by said plates 11,12.
- the internal and concave wall 43 of each channel 42 looks entirely at the front part 3 of the hearth and at least part of the external wall 44 is applied to an exchanger plate or is integral with it.
- the front facade is closed by a door 5 covering most of the plane 17 of the facade and closing both the central opening 31 and the five front flues 14a, 14b, 15b, 15 ′, 15a, for example the support door burner (described in patent application FR-A-2590003 with special hinges for opening on the right or on the left (patent application FR-A-2634542).
- the rear facade is closed by the manifold 7 with central nozzle 71 provided for collecting the smoke from the flues 25a, 25b, 25 ′.
- the heating body which has just been described has been designed so that the vertical paths in the front panel are ascending, this arrangement has the function of creating a natural thermal draft and of reducing the overall pressure drop of the boiler.
- one of the peculiarities of the front facade concerns the presence of two plates 11, 12 fitted with pins or heat exchange fins directed towards the plane 17 of the facade, and the presence of a vertical circulation channel 42 of water by plate applied each against or forming a body with on the one hand each of said plates 11, 12 and in contact on the other hand with the hearth. Said circulation channels 42 are thus doubly heated: by the hearth and by the plates 11, 12 of the front facade 1.
- the distance "d" between the plates 11, 12 and the front plane 17 is calculated as a function of the flow rate of the fumes and of the admissible pressure drops.
- the shape of the hearth gives it a large surface in relation to its volume, this design has the function of reducing the temperature of the flame and therefore the production of nitrogen oxides.
- one or more means of communication can be provided between the home and the route of the smoke (IIa, IIb) in the vicinity of the outlet of the lower flues 14a, 14b, either in the flues themselves, or in the trays 11,12.
- These communication means for example simple holes 18, have the function of recycling part of the combustion gases, of reducing the rate of unburnt and improving the overall yield.
- a sound trap can be integrated in door 5 (patent application FR-A-2590003).
- the present boiler can also benefit from the improvements described in patent applications FR-A-2547025 for the removal of condensates in the joint plane "P" for operation at low temperature, and in patent applications FR -A-2615591 and FR-A-2631421 published on 17.11.89 for adjustable feet.
- Another variant would be to equip the rear facade with trays similar to the trays 11,12 and functionally equivalent, this would increase the exchange surface but would increase the dimensions of the boiler.
- one or two intermediate exchanger elements can be provided, between the two front elements 1, 2 in order to increase the volume of the hearth and the power of the boiler.
- the boiler design which has just been described is particularly suitable for small boilers from 15 to 40 KW approximately and up to a hundred KW depending on the variants. This design can be applied to steel boilers.
- the invention also relates to a flue gas temperature controller in the form of one or more plates, of adjustable surface, to be mounted on the heating body described above.
- the temperature variator consists of a plate, for example of cast iron P1 placed on one of the exchanger plates 11 or 12, and applied to the tips of the pins 13 by any means suitable fixing "S".
- the fixing means shown “S” is a screw “R” with a square head, capable of withstanding the temperature of the fumes, associated with a vertical adjustment light "L” of the plate P1 allowing the positioning in height of said plate relative to the exchanger plate or to each exchanger plate.
- the high position of P1 has been shown in solid lines and in its dashed lines in its low position.
- the plate P1 is for example substantially rectangular and has the function of improving the speed of the fumes in the path or paths of the fumes (IIIa, IIIb), situated on each side of the hearth in the space between the plates 11, 12 and the internal face of the door 5, therefore improving the heat exchanges with the water circulating in the channels 42 and lowering the temperature of the gases in the paths (IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, IV ′) and in boiler outlet.
- the pins 13 can be partially or entirely covered with the same exchanger plate, the variation in the temperature of the boiler outlet gases can therefore be adjusted to the needs of the chimney and / or the standards in force.
- the temperature variator consists of two plates P1.
- the temperature variator consists of one or two plates P2 of refractory fibers, for example ceramic fibers or equivalent, fixed on the internal face of the door 5, on both sides and d 'other of the burner opening, by any suitable fixing means, for example screws "V” or a temperature-resistant adhesive.
- Plate P2 has the function of reducing the space "d" between pins and door and to improve the speed of the fumes and to decrease the temperature.
- Each plate P2 can be rectangular (variant not shown) or have the shape of a "C", the concave part of which faces the opening of the hearth (variant of FIGS. 8 and 9).
- One or more pre-cuts can be provided on P2, for example L1, L2 so that the installer of the boiler can easily reduce the surface area of the plates delivered with the boiler, and thus adjust the variation of the outlet temperature of the fumes.
- This alternative embodiment has the advantage of reducing the noise level of the boiler, in particular if two complete P2 plates are fixed or if the parts below the line L2 are kept at a minimum.
- the adjustable useful surface as well as the location of the temperature controller plate (s) is or are chosen or modified by the installer when installing the boiler .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Description
La présente invention se rapporte à un corps de chauffe pour chaudière dite basse température et plus particulièrement à un corps de chauffe permettant de contrôler la température des fumées.The present invention relates to a heating body for a so-called low temperature boiler and more particularly to a heating body making it possible to control the temperature of the flue gases.
Les chaudières actuelles présentent un certain nombre d'inconvénients :
- elles sont souvent difficiles à nettoyer,
- la production d'oxydes d'azote n'est pas négligeable,
- elles sont bruyantes dans certains cas.
- they are often difficult to clean,
- the production of nitrogen oxides is not negligible,
- they are noisy in some cases.
On connaît déjà des chaudières monobloc de faible puissance à basse température. Celles-ci présentent les inconvénients suivants :
- . la fabrication industrielle nécessite des noyaux complexes,
- . en cas de défaut de fabrication tout l'ensemble est à changer.
- . industrial manufacturing requires complex cores,
- . in the event of a manufacturing defect, the entire assembly must be changed.
A titre d'exemple, on cite le document FR-A-2071754 qui décrit une chaudière dont les carneaux sont ouverts sur la façade avant du corps de chauffe en vue de faciliter leur nettoyage. En outre, les carneaux horizantaux peuvent comporter des chicanes ou des plateaux dont la fonction est de ralentir la sortie des gaz. L'inconvénient principal de cette chaudière est que la façade avant n'est pas utilisée pour chauffer l'eau des canaux, d'où une perte d'énergie par l'avant de la chaudière.By way of example, reference is made to the document FR-A-2071754 which describes a boiler whose flues are open on the front face of the heating body in order to facilitate their cleaning. In addition, horizontal flues can include baffles or trays whose function is to slow the exit of gases. The main drawback of this boiler is that the front panel is not used to heat the water in the canals, resulting in a loss of energy from the front of the boiler.
Un premier but de l'invention est de procurer un corps de chauffe d'un type nouveau permettant de pallier les inconvénients ci-dessus tout en maintenant le prix de revient de l'ensemble.A first object of the invention is to provide a heating body of a new type making it possible to overcome the above drawbacks while maintaining the cost price of the assembly.
Pour atteindre ces buts, le corps de chauffe selon l'invention, qui comporte une façade avant, une façade arrière, éventuellement un ou deux éléments intermédiaires, une pluralité de canaux pour la circulation de l'eau de chauffage, une porte s'appliquant sur un plan de façade, est caractérisé en ce que la façade avant participe à l'échange de calories entre les fumées et l'eau. Pour ce faire, on prévoit sur la façade avant un ensemble d'un ou de plusieurs plateaux occupant la majeure partie de la face avant, en retrait d'une distance appropriée par rapport au plan de façade, lesdits plateaux étant équipés de picots dirigés vers le plan de façade et en ce que l'on prévoit également au moins un canal de circulation d'eau, appliqué contre ou faisant corps avec lesdits plateaux d'une part, et en contact avec le foyer d'autre part et en ce que l'on prévoit encore une cavité formant partie avant du foyer et une pluralité de carneaux de fumées, cavité et carneaux de fumées débouchant d'une part sur le plan de façade pour faciliter le nettoyage, et d'autre part sur le plan d'assemblage des pièces de façade ou éléments échangeurs intermédiaires.To achieve these goals, the heating body according to the invention, which comprises a front face, a rear face, possibly one or two intermediate elements, a plurality of channels for the circulation of the heating water, a door being applied on a façade plan, is characterized in that the front façade participates in the exchange of calories between the fumes and the water. To do this, there is provided on the front facade a set of one or more trays occupying most of the front face, set back from an appropriate distance from the facade plane, said trays being equipped with pins directed towards the front plane and in that there is also provided at least one water circulation channel, applied against or forming a body with said plates on the one hand, and in contact with the hearth on the other hand and in that one further provides a cavity forming the front part of the hearth and a plurality of smoke flues, cavity and smoke flues opening on the one hand on the facade plane to facilitate cleaning, and on the other hand on the assembly plane of the parts facade or intermediate exchanger elements.
Un deuxième but de la présente invention est de procurer un corps de chauffe permettant de réaliser une chaudière particulièrement performante dans un encombrement réduit, en allongeant le circuit interne des fumées et en augmentant les surfaces d'échange.A second object of the present invention is to provide a heating body making it possible to produce a particularly efficient boiler in a reduced size, by lengthening the internal flue gas circuit and by increasing the exchange surfaces.
Un troisième but de la présente invention est de faire participer la façade avant à l'échange de chaleur eau/fumées.A third object of the present invention is to involve the front panel in the exchange of water / smoke heat.
Un autre but de l'invention est de faire varier, par un dispositif adapté, la température de sortie des fumées et d'ajuster cette température en fonction des caractéristiques et besoins de la cheminée, afin d'éviter principalement les condensations dans celle-ci observées lorsque la température des fumées en sortie de chaudière s'avère trop basse.Another object of the invention is to vary, by a suitable device, the outlet temperature of the fumes and to adjust this temperature according to the characteristics and needs of the chimney, in order to mainly avoid condensation therein. observed when the temperature of the fumes leaving the boiler turns out to be too low.
On connaît déjà des variateurs de température des fumées tel que celui décrit dans le document FR-A-2017563, qui agit sur la longueur du parcours des fumées juste avant leur sortie de chaudière. Cependant, cette chaudière est plus haute que les chaudières habituelles, car elle comporte au-dessus du corps de chauffe une chambre de renvoi dans laquelle se place le variateur.Flame temperature variators are already known such as that described in document FR-A-2017563, which acts on the length of the path of the fumes just before they leave the boiler. However, this boiler is higher than the usual boilers, because it comprises above the heating body a return chamber in which the variator is placed.
Le variateur selon l'invention ne présente pas cet inconvénient, il est constitué au moins d'une plaque, placée sur le parcours des fumées, dans l'espace compris entre la face interne de la porte et les plateaux échangeurs de la chaudière, cette plaque étant soit appliquée sur une partie au moins des picots de l'un des plateaux échangeurs, soit fixée sur la face interne de la porte de la chaudière; le variateur pouvant également être formé par deux de ces plaques.The variator according to the invention does not have this drawback, it consists of at least one plate, placed on the smoke path, in the space between the internal face of the door and the exchanger plates of the boiler, this plate being either applied to at least part of the pins of one of the exchanger plates, or fixed to the internal face of the boiler door; the variator can also be formed by two of these plates.
Deux variantes de réalisation du variateur de température sont proposées et décrites ci-après.Two alternative embodiments of the temperature variator are proposed and described below.
On comprendra mieux l'invention à l'aide de la description ci-après faite en référence aux figures annexées dans lesquelles :
- la figure 1 est une vue en élévation de la façade avant du corps de chauffe ;
- la figure 2 est une vue en élévation de la façade arrière du même corps de chauffe, objet de la description ci-après ;
- la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon AA de la figure 1 ;
- la figure 4 est une vue en coupe selon BB de la figure 1 ;
- la figure 5 est un croquis montrant le parcours des fumées dans le corps de chauffe ;
- la figure 6 est une demi-vue de face de la face avant d'une chaudière équipée d'une première forme de réalisation d'un variateur de température conforme à l'invention ;
- la figure 7 est une vue en coupe selon CC de la figure 6 ;
- la figure 8 est une demi-vue de face de la face arrière de la chaudière équipée d'une deuxième forme de réalisation de variateur de température conforme à l'invention ;
- la figure 9 est une vue en coupe selon DD de la figure 8.
- Figure 1 is an elevational view of the front panel of the heater;
- Figure 2 is an elevational view of the rear facade of the same heater, object of the description below;
- Figure 3 is a sectional view along AA of Figure 1;
- Figure 4 is a sectional view along BB of Figure 1;
- FIG. 5 is a sketch showing the course of the fumes in the heating body;
- Figure 6 is a half front view of the front face of a boiler equipped with a first embodiment of a temperature controller according to the invention;
- Figure 7 is a sectional view along CC of Figure 6;
- Figure 8 is a half front view of the rear face of the boiler equipped with a second embodiment of the temperature controller according to the invention;
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view along DD of FIG. 8.
Le corps de chauffe en fonte représenté sur les figures de 1 à 5 est composé de préférence de deux pièces, une façade avant 1 et une façade arrière 2 assemblées selon un plan d'assemblage P vertical, par des tirants non représentés placés dans des logements appropriés 9 et des niples qui viennent se loger dans les connexions.The cast iron heating body represented in the figures from 1 to 5 is preferably composed of two parts, a front face 1 and a
La façade avant comporte une cavité centrale 3 formant la partie avant du foyer où se développera la flamme. Cette cavité 3 débouche sur le plan de façade avant 17 suivant sensiblement la forme générale d'un losange 31 à angles arrondis. Cette cavité s'évase et débouche dans le plan "P" selon une forme complexe 32 représentée sur la figure 1, dont la partie inférieure est sensiblement de même forme et de mêmes dimensions que la partie inférieure de la forme 31, et dont la partie supérieure rappelle la forme générale d'un rectangle à angles arrondis occupant pratiquement la largeur de la chaudière.The front facade has a
Des carneaux échangeurs sont prévus en parties basse et haute de la façade avant, et sont équipés d'ailettes d'échange 16 de façon connue en soi.Exchanger flues are provided in the lower and upper parts of the front panel, and are fitted with
Deux carneaux inférieurs horizontaux 14a, 14b, selon une direction perpendiculaire au plan "P" ou au plan de façade 17 présentent une section sensiblement triangulaire arrondie dont le côté rappelant une hypoténuse est dirigé vers le foyer et la partie angulaire vers l'extérieur du corps de la chaudière.Two horizontal lower flues 14a, 14b, in a direction perpendicular to the plane "P" or to the
Trois carneaux supérieurs horizontaux 15a, 15b, 15′ selon une direction perpendiculaire au plan "P", montrent une section de forme sensiblement rectangulaire à coins arrondis, le carneau central 15′ présentant son côté étroit vers le foyer 3 et, les carneaux latéraux 15a 15b lui présentant leur plus grand côté.Three horizontal
La façade avant possède également deux grands plateaux échangeurs 11, 12 parallèles au plan de façade avant 17 et en retrait par rapport à ce plan d'une distance "d".The front façade also has two
Les plateaux échangeurs 11, 12 sont équipés sur la totalité de leur surface de picots ou ailettes 13 augmentant de façon connue la surface d'échange.The
Ils s'étendent sur la majeure partie de la façade, en tout cas sur toute la zone disponible entre les carneaux inférieurs 14a, 14b et supérieurs 15b, 15b, et l'avant 31 du foyer.They extend over most of the facade, in any case over the entire area available between the lower flues 14a, 14b and upper 15b, 15b, and the
La façade arrière 2 comporte une cavité centrale 33 formant partie arrière du foyer, cette cavité ne débouche pas sur l'arrière de la chaudière mais elle débouche sur le plan "P" selon une forme 34 sensiblement rectangulaire, dont la partie supérieure affecte sensiblement les formes et dimensions de la partie supérieure de la forme 32 de la façade avant, et dont la partie inférieure s'étend jusqu'en bas du corps de chauffe, comme cela est visible sur la figure 2.The
La façade arrière 2 comporte trois carneaux 25a, 25b, 25′ en partie haute qui sont les prolongements des carneaux 15a, 15b, 15′ de la façade avant.The
Un ensemble de canaux 4 de circulation d'eau est prévu tout autour du foyer et des carneaux. En particulier deux canaux 42 verticaux de section en L (voir figure 4), longent les plateaux échangeurs 11,12 pour capter les calories recueillies par lesdits plateaux 11,12. La paroi interne et concave 43 de chaque canal 42, regarde en totalité la partie avant 3 du foyer et une partie au moins de la paroi externe 44 s'applique sur un plateau échangeur ou fait corps avec lui.A set of
La façade avant est fermée par une porte 5 couvrant la majeure partie du plan 17 de la façade et fermant à la fois l'ouverture centrale 31 et les cinq carneaux avant 14a, 14b, 15b, 15′, 15a, par exemple la porte support de brûleur (décrite dans la demande de brevet FR-A-2590003 avec charnières spéciales pour ouverture à droite ou à gauche (demande de brevet FR-A-2634542).The front facade is closed by a
La façade arrière est fermée par le collecteur 7 à buse centrale 71 prévu pour collecter les fumées des carneaux 25a, 25b, 25′.The rear facade is closed by the manifold 7 with
On se reportera maintenant à la figure 5 qui montre le trajet des fumées, il s'agit d'un trajet à quatre parcours référencés de I à IV :
- parcours (I) horizontal vers le fond du foyer,
- séparation des fumées selon deux parcours (IIa, IIb) horizontaux, d'arrière en avant, dans les carneaux inférieurs 14a, 14b,
- ascension des fumées selon les parcours (IIIa, IIIb) le long des plateaux échangeurs se divisant respectivement au-dessus de la cavité 31 en (IVa, III′a) et en (IVb, III′b),
- aspiration d'avant en arrière par la cheminée selon des parcours (IVa, IVb, IV′) dans les carneaux 15a, 25a,15′,25′, ce dernier carneau collectant les fumées des parcours (III′a, III′b).
- horizontal path (I) towards the bottom of the hearth,
- separation of smoke along two horizontal routes (IIa, IIb), from back to front, in the lower flues 14a, 14b,
- smoke ascent along the paths (IIIa, IIIb) along the exchanger plates dividing respectively above the
cavity 31 in (IVa, III′a) and in (IVb, III′b), - suction from front to back through the chimney along routes (IVa, IVb, IV ′) in the
15a, 25a, 15 ′, 25 ′, the latter flue collecting the smoke from the routes (III′a, III′b) .flues
Le corps de chauffe qui vient d'être décrit a été conçu pour que les parcours verticaux dans la façade avant soient ascendants, cette disposition a pour fonction de créer un tirage thermique naturel et de diminuer la perte de charge globale de la chaudière.The heating body which has just been described has been designed so that the vertical paths in the front panel are ascending, this arrangement has the function of creating a natural thermal draft and of reducing the overall pressure drop of the boiler.
Comme indiqué, une des particularités de la façade avant concerne est la présence de deux plateaux 11, 12 équipés de picots ou d'ailettes d'échange thermique dirigés vers le plan 17 de façade, et la présence d'un canal 42 vertical de circulation d'eau par plateau appliqué chacun contre ou faisant corps avec d'une part chacun desdits plateaux 11, 12 et en contact d'autre part avec le foyer. Lesdits canaux de circulation 42 sont ainsi doublement chauffés : par le foyer et par les plateaux 11, 12 de la façade avant 1.As indicated, one of the peculiarities of the front facade concerns the presence of two
La distance "d" entre les plateaux 11, 12 et le plan 17 de façade est calculée en fonction du débit des fumées et des pertes de charge admissibles.The distance "d" between the
On remarquera également que la totalité des carneaux débouche sur le plan 17 de façade, de même que le foyer. Cette conception a pour fonction de faciliter le nettoyage : ainsi, à l'ouverture de la porte, toutes les surfaces léchées par les fumées, carneaux, plateaux, foyer sont directement accessibles en totalité. De plus, les ailettes 16 des carneaux sont alignées et disposées de façon à faciliter également le nettoyage.It will also be noted that all of the flues open onto the
D'autre part, la forme du foyer lui donne une surface importante par rapport à son volume, cette conception a pour fonction de diminuer la température de la flamme et donc la production d'oxydes d'azote.On the other hand, the shape of the hearth gives it a large surface in relation to its volume, this design has the function of reducing the temperature of the flame and therefore the production of nitrogen oxides.
En option, on peut prévoir un ou des moyens de communication entre le foyer et le parcours des fumées (IIa, IIb) au voisinage de la sortie des carneaux inférieurs 14a, 14b, soit dans les carneaux eux-mêmes, soit dans les plateaux 11,12. Ces moyens de communication, par exemple de simples trous 18, ont pour fonction de recycler une partie des gaz de combustion, de diminuer le taux des imbrûlés et d'améliorer le rendement global.Optionally, one or more means of communication can be provided between the home and the route of the smoke (IIa, IIb) in the vicinity of the outlet of the lower flues 14a, 14b, either in the flues themselves, or in the
Selon une autre option, on peut intégrer un piège à sons dans la porte 5 (demande de brevet FR-A-2590003).According to another option, a sound trap can be integrated in door 5 (patent application FR-A-2590003).
En option également, on a la possibilité d'augmenter la température de sortie des fumées, par exemple en prévoyant un by-pass 19 sur la façade avant pour envoyer des gaz chauds du foyer directement le long et selon les parcours III ou IV, et/ou en prévoyant des trous 26 sur la façade arrière entre le foyer et le collecteur 7.Also optional, there is the possibility of increasing the smoke outlet temperature, for example by providing a
La présente chaudière peut encore bénéficier des perfectionnements décrits dans la demandes de brevet FR-A-2547025 pour l'élimination des condensats dans le plan de joint "P" en vue d'un fonctionnement à basse température, et dans les demandes de brevet FR-A-2615591 et FR-A-2631421 publié le 17.11.89 pour les pieds réglables.The present boiler can also benefit from the improvements described in patent applications FR-A-2547025 for the removal of condensates in the joint plane "P" for operation at low temperature, and in patent applications FR -A-2615591 and FR-A-2631421 published on 17.11.89 for adjustable feet.
De plus, par construction, on prévoit des connexions 8 de grand diamètre pour la mise en place de résistances électriques, et pour permettre une utilisation bi-énergie de la chaudière.In addition, by construction,
En variante, on pourrait bien entendu réaliser une chaudière à quatre parcours comme celle qui vient d'être décrite, dont le sens de circulation est inversé, c'est-à-dire avec sortie des fumées du foyer en partie haute, descente des fumées le long des plateaux de la façade avant et extraction en partie basse à l'arrière, mais dans ce cas, on perdrait l'avantage du tirage ascendant naturel décrit précédemment.As a variant, it is of course possible to produce a boiler with four paths like the one which has just been described, the direction of circulation of which is reversed, that is to say with the smoke outlet from the hearth in the upper part, the smoke going down along the plates of the front facade and extraction in the lower part at the rear, but in this case, we would lose the advantage of the natural upward pull described above.
Une autre variante consisterait à équiper la façade arrière de plateaux semblables aux plateaux 11,12 et fonctionnellement équivalents, cela augmenterait la surface d'échange mais augmenterait les dimensions de la chaudière.Another variant would be to equip the rear facade with trays similar to the
Selon une troisième variante, on peut prévoir un ou deux éléments échangeurs intermédiaires, entre les deux éléments de façade 1,2 dans le but d'augmenter le volume du foyer et la puissance de la chaudière.According to a third variant, one or two intermediate exchanger elements can be provided, between the two
Sans sortir du principe de l'invention, on peut également :
- décaler latéralement le foyer, dans ce cas la chaudière comporte un plateau unique en façade avant;
- modifier la forme du foyer ;
- modifier le nombre et la forme technique des carneaux;
- modifier le nombre et la forme des canaux 42 prévus entre le foyer et le ou les plateaux 11,12.
- laterally shift the hearth, in this case the boiler has a single plate on the front;
- modify the shape of the fireplace;
- modify the number and technical form of the flues;
- modify the number and the shape of the
channels 42 provided between the hearth and the plate or 11,12.plates
La conception de chaudière qui vient d'être décrite est particulièrement adaptée pour les petites chaudières de 15 à 40 KW environ et jusqu'à une centaine de KW suivant les variantes. Cette conception peut être appliquée à des chaudière acier.The boiler design which has just been described is particularly suitable for small boilers from 15 to 40 KW approximately and up to a hundred KW depending on the variants. This design can be applied to steel boilers.
Les avantages de cette chaudière sont un bon rapport volume-utile/puissance, amélioration de la fabrication et du prix de revient, facilité d'entretien, faibles nuisances (bruit, oxyde d'azote).The advantages of this boiler are a good volume-useful / power ratio, improved manufacturing and cost price, ease of maintenance, low nuisance (noise, nitrogen oxide).
L'invention concerne également un variateur de température des fumées sous la forme d'une ou plusieurs plaques, de surface ajustable, à monter sur le corps de chauffe décrit précédemment.The invention also relates to a flue gas temperature controller in the form of one or more plates, of adjustable surface, to be mounted on the heating body described above.
Selon une première variante représentée sur les figures 6 et 7, le variateur de température est constitué d'une plaque par exemple en fonte P1 placée sur l'un des plateaux échangeurs 11 ou 12, et appliquée sur les pointes des picots 13 par tout moyen de fixation approprié "S". A titre d'exemple, le moyen de fixation représenté "S" est une vis "R" à tête carrée, apte à supporter la température des fumées, associée à une lumière de réglage "L" verticale de la plaque P1 permettant le positionnement en hauteur de ladite plaque par rapport au plateau échangeur ou à chaque plateau échangeur.According to a first variant represented in FIGS. 6 and 7, the temperature variator consists of a plate, for example of cast iron P1 placed on one of the
On a représenté en traits pleins la position haute de P1 et en traits mixtes sa position basse.The high position of P1 has been shown in solid lines and in its dashed lines in its low position.
On peut de même prévoir un positionnement en largeur de la plaque au moyen d'une lumière horizontale.It is likewise possible to provide a positioning in width of the plate by means of a horizontal light.
La plaque P1 est par exemple sensiblement rectangulaire et a pour fonction d'améliorer la vitesse des fumées dans le ou les parcours des fumées (IIIa, IIIb), situés de chaque côté du foyer dans l'espace compris entre les plateaux 11, 12 et la face interne de la porte 5, donc d'améliorer les échanges de chaleur avec l'eau circulant dans les canaux 42 et d'abaisser la température des gaz dans les parcours (IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, IV′) et en sortie de chaudière.The plate P1 is for example substantially rectangular and has the function of improving the speed of the fumes in the path or paths of the fumes (IIIa, IIIb), situated on each side of the hearth in the space between the
Selon la forme et la surface de la plaque P1 on peut recouvrir en partie ou en totalité les picots 13 d'un même plateau échangeur, la variation de la température des gaz de sortie de chaudière peut donc être ajustée aux besoins de la cheminée et/ou aux normes en vigueur.Depending on the shape and surface of the plate P1, the
En outre, il est possible de placer deux plaques P1, une sur chaque plateau échangeur, dans ce cas le variateur de température est constitué de deux plaques P1.In addition, it is possible to place two plates P1, one on each exchanger plate, in this case the temperature variator consists of two plates P1.
Selon la deuxième variante représentée sur les figures 8 et 9, le variateur de température consiste en une ou deux plaques P2 en fibres réfractaires, par exemple en fibres de céramique ou équivalent, fixées sur la face interne de la porte 5, de part et d'autre de l'ouverture du brûleur, par tout moyen de fixation approprié, par exemple des vis "V" ou un adhésif supportant la température. La plaque P2 a pour fonction de diminuer l'espace "d" entre picots et porte et d'améliorer la vitesse des fumées et d'en diminuer la température.According to the second variant shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the temperature variator consists of one or two plates P2 of refractory fibers, for example ceramic fibers or equivalent, fixed on the internal face of the
Chaque plaque P2 peut être rectangulaire (variante non représentée) ou présenter la forme d'un "C" dont la partie concave est tournée vers l'ouverture du foyer (variante des figures 8 et 9).Each plate P2 can be rectangular (variant not shown) or have the shape of a "C", the concave part of which faces the opening of the hearth (variant of FIGS. 8 and 9).
On peut prévoir sur P2 une ou plusieurs prédécoupes, par exemple L1, L2 pour que l'installateur de la chaudière puisse facilement diminuer la surface des plaques livrées avec la chaudière, et ainsi ajuster la variation de la température de sortie des fumées.One or more pre-cuts can be provided on P2, for example L1, L2 so that the installer of the boiler can easily reduce the surface area of the plates delivered with the boiler, and thus adjust the variation of the outlet temperature of the fumes.
On pourrait également réduire les plaques dans leur largeur, en prévoyant des lignes de prédécoupe verticales (non représentées).One could also reduce the plates in their width, by providing vertical precut lines (not shown).
Cette variante de réalisation a l'avantage de réduire le niveau sonore de la chaudière en particulier si on fixe deux plaques P2 complètes ou si on en conserve au minimum les parties inférieures à la ligne L2.This alternative embodiment has the advantage of reducing the noise level of the boiler, in particular if two complete P2 plates are fixed or if the parts below the line L2 are kept at a minimum.
A titre d'exemple, on peut obtenir une diminution de l'ordre de 20° à 30° en installant deux plaques P2 complètes, puis, si la température de sortie est jugée trop basse, on peut progressivement enlever un ou deux morceaux de l'une et/ou de l'autre plaque P2 pour augmenter la température de sortie jusqu'à disparition des condensations dans la cheminée.For example, we can obtain a reduction of the order of 20 ° to 30 ° by installing two complete P2 plates, then, if the outlet temperature is deemed too low, we can gradually remove one or two pieces of l 'one and / or the other plate P2 to increase the outlet temperature until disappearance of condensations in the chimney.
Il doit être clair qu'en fonction de ce qui précède, la surface utile ajustable ainsi que l'emplacement de la ou des plaques du variateur de température est ou sont choisis ou modifiés par l'installateur au moment de l'installation de la chaudière.It must be clear that, based on the above, the adjustable useful surface as well as the location of the temperature controller plate (s) is or are chosen or modified by the installer when installing the boiler .
Claims (20)
- Heating body for a boiler, comprising at least one front face element (1) and one rear face element (2) which, after assembly in a vertical plane (P), form on the one hand a passage for the hot gases and fumes from the furnace, where the flame develops, to the outlet manifold, which passage comprises horizontal flues, and on the other hand a water circulation circuit, the heat exchange surfaces between the two fluids being provided with points (13) or the equivalent, the said heating body also comprising a door (5) bearing against a vertical face plane (17) of the front face element (1), characterised in that the front face element (1) comprises:. at least one vertical exchange plate (11, 12) recessed behind the plane (17) of the face by a distance (d), each plate being provided with points (13) directed towards the plane (17) of the face so as to form, between the plane (17) of this face and the exchange plate or plates, a vertical volume occupying most of the front surface of the front face element, with the horizontal flues opening into this volume and a gas curtain circulating within it,. a means for varying the thickness of the said gas curtain,. at least one vertical water circulation duct (42), at least part of the outer wall (44) of which bears against the exchange plate or forms an integral part with it, while its internal wall is in contact with the furnace.
- Heating body according to claim 1, characterised in that the number of vertical exchange plates is equal to two.
- Heating body according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the fumes circulate upwards within the volume comprised between the plates (11, 12) and the plane (17) of the face closed by the door.
- Heating body according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the front face element is provided with:. two exchange plates (11, 12),. two lower horizontal flues (14a, 14b) in a direction which is perpendicular to the plane (17) of the face,. a central cavity (3), with the flues and the cavity opening, on the one hand, on to the plane (17) of the face and, on the other hand, on to the plane (P) of assembly.
- Heating body according to claim 4, characterised in that the cavity (3) opens on to the plane (17) of the face according to a substantially rhombic shape (31) with rounded angles, flares out and opens on to the plane (P) according to a complex shape (32), the lower part of which has substantially the shape and dimensions of the lower part of the shape (31), and the top part of which has substantially the shape and dimensions of the top part of the shape (34) of the rear part (33) of the furnace.
- Heating body according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the front face (1) is provided with at least one means of communication (18) between the furnace and the outlet of the lower flues (14a, 14b).
- Heating body according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rear face (2) is of the same type as the front face (1).
- Heating body according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each vertical water circulation duct (42) has an L-shaped cross section, the whole of the internal, concave wall (43) of which bears against the front part (3) of the furnace.
- Temperature variator used in a heating body according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it is formed by at least one removable plate (P1 or P2) with an adjustable surface area, arranged vertically in the passage for the fumes, within the vertical volume between the internal surface of the boiler door (5) and the exchange plates of the heating body.
- Variator according to claim 9, characterised in that the plate (P1) is arranged on one of the exchange plates (11, 12) and bears against at least some of its points (13) by way of an attachment means (S).
- Variator according to claim 9, characterised in that the plate (P2) is attached to the internal surface of the door (5).
- Variator according to claim 10, characterised in that it comprises two plates (P1), one on each exchange plate.
- Variator according to claim 11, characterised in that it comprises two plates (P2), one on each side of the opening of the burner.
- Variator according to one of claims 10 or 12, characterised in that the refractory cast iron plate (P1) has a substantially rectangular shape and comprises an adjustment slot (L).
- Variator according to one of claims 11 or 13, characterised in that the refractory fibre plate (P2) comprises at least one pre-cutting line (L₁, L₂).
- Variator according to one of claims 11, 13 or 15, characterised in that the plate (P2) is in the shape of a "C", the concave part of which is oriented towards the opening of the furnace.
- Variator according to any one of preceding claims 9 to 16, characterised in that the plates are rectangular.
- Variator according to any one of preceding claims 9 to 17, characterised in that the adjustable useful surface of the plate or plates of the temperature variator is modified by the installer at the time of the installation of the boiler.
- Variator according to any one of preceding claims 9 to 18, characterised in that the location of the plate or plates is chosen by the installer at the time of the installation of the boiler.
- Variator according to any one of preceding claims 9 to 19, characterised in that the surface area of the plate or plates is chosen by the installer at the time of the installation of the boiler.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT90440040T ATE87726T1 (en) | 1989-05-10 | 1990-05-10 | BOILER ELEMENT FOR LOW TEMPERATURE BOILER. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8906331 | 1989-05-10 | ||
FR8906331A FR2646893B1 (en) | 1989-05-10 | 1989-05-10 | HEATER BODY FOR CAST IRON BOILER |
FR8914022A FR2653540B2 (en) | 1989-05-10 | 1989-10-23 | VARIATOR OF TEMPERATURE OF SMOKE OUTLET OF BOILER. |
FR8914022 | 1989-10-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0397586A1 EP0397586A1 (en) | 1990-11-14 |
EP0397586B1 true EP0397586B1 (en) | 1993-03-31 |
Family
ID=26227326
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19900440040 Expired - Lifetime EP0397586B1 (en) | 1989-05-10 | 1990-05-10 | Boiler section for low temperature heating boiler |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0397586B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69001197T2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2653540B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2115461B1 (en) * | 1994-08-04 | 1999-02-16 | Roca Radiadores | IMPROVEMENTS IN THE HEATING BOILERS. |
ES2156689B1 (en) | 1998-12-11 | 2002-02-01 | Vulcano Sadeca S A | HOT WATER GENERATOR FOR LOW TEMPERATURE OPERATION. |
ITMI20011743A1 (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-02-09 | Gruppo Imar S P A | GAS-LIQUID HEAT EXCHANGER AND BOILER INCLUDING SUCH HEAT EXCHANGER |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1889412A (en) * | 1932-04-25 | 1932-11-29 | Paul M Lukomske | Sectional boiler |
US3070076A (en) * | 1959-02-28 | 1962-12-25 | Buderus Eisenwerk | Heating boiler |
AT267806B (en) * | 1963-10-18 | 1969-01-10 | Husqvarna Vapenfabriks Ab | Central heating boiler |
FR1542297A (en) * | 1967-11-03 | 1968-10-11 | Beeston Boiler Company Ltd | Boiler formed by sections |
AT297263B (en) * | 1968-09-07 | 1972-03-27 | Strebelwerk Gmbh | Articulated boiler |
NL7011979A (en) * | 1969-11-25 | 1971-05-27 | ||
IT1010806B (en) * | 1974-03-08 | 1977-01-20 | Ideal Standard Spa | BOILER FOR CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS PARTICULARLY OF THE GAS OPERATING TYPE WITH ATMOSPHERIC BURNER AND THERMAL EXCHANGE ELEMENTS FOR SAID |
DE8802323U1 (en) * | 1988-02-23 | 1988-04-07 | Buderus Heiztechnik GmbH, 6330 Wetzlar | Sectional boiler |
AT394776B (en) * | 1988-04-19 | 1992-06-25 | Vaillant Gmbh | LINKED BOILER |
-
1989
- 1989-10-23 FR FR8914022A patent/FR2653540B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-05-10 EP EP19900440040 patent/EP0397586B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-10 DE DE1990601197 patent/DE69001197T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0397586A1 (en) | 1990-11-14 |
FR2653540B2 (en) | 1992-02-14 |
DE69001197D1 (en) | 1993-05-06 |
FR2653540A2 (en) | 1991-04-26 |
DE69001197T2 (en) | 1993-08-26 |
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