EP0397586B1 - Kesselglied für Niedertemperatur-Heizkessel - Google Patents

Kesselglied für Niedertemperatur-Heizkessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0397586B1
EP0397586B1 EP19900440040 EP90440040A EP0397586B1 EP 0397586 B1 EP0397586 B1 EP 0397586B1 EP 19900440040 EP19900440040 EP 19900440040 EP 90440040 A EP90440040 A EP 90440040A EP 0397586 B1 EP0397586 B1 EP 0397586B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plates
plate
plane
heating body
boiler
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19900440040
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0397586A1 (de
Inventor
Alfred Engel
Charles Helmer
Philippe Weitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
De Dietrich Thermique SAS
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De Dietrich Thermique SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8906331A external-priority patent/FR2646893B1/fr
Application filed by De Dietrich Thermique SAS filed Critical De Dietrich Thermique SAS
Priority to AT90440040T priority Critical patent/ATE87726T1/de
Publication of EP0397586A1 publication Critical patent/EP0397586A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0397586B1 publication Critical patent/EP0397586B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/30—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built up from sections
    • F24H1/32—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0026—Guiding means in combustion gas channels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heating body for a so-called low temperature boiler and more particularly to a heating body making it possible to control the temperature of the flue gases.
  • FR-A-2071754 describes a boiler whose flues are open on the front face of the heating body in order to facilitate their cleaning.
  • horizontal flues can include baffles or trays whose function is to slow the exit of gases.
  • the main drawback of this boiler is that the front panel is not used to heat the water in the canals, resulting in a loss of energy from the front of the boiler.
  • a first object of the invention is to provide a heating body of a new type making it possible to overcome the above drawbacks while maintaining the cost price of the assembly.
  • the heating body according to the invention which comprises a front face, a rear face, possibly one or two intermediate elements, a plurality of channels for the circulation of the heating water, a door being applied on a façade plan, is characterized in that the front façade participates in the exchange of calories between the fumes and the water.
  • the front facade a set of one or more trays occupying most of the front face, set back from an appropriate distance from the facade plane, said trays being equipped with pins directed towards the front plane and in that there is also provided at least one water circulation channel, applied against or forming a body with said plates on the one hand, and in contact with the hearth on the other hand and in that one further provides a cavity forming the front part of the hearth and a plurality of smoke flues, cavity and smoke flues opening on the one hand on the facade plane to facilitate cleaning, and on the other hand on the assembly plane of the parts facade or intermediate exchanger elements.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a heating body making it possible to produce a particularly efficient boiler in a reduced size, by lengthening the internal flue gas circuit and by increasing the exchange surfaces.
  • a third object of the present invention is to involve the front panel in the exchange of water / smoke heat.
  • Another object of the invention is to vary, by a suitable device, the outlet temperature of the fumes and to adjust this temperature according to the characteristics and needs of the chimney, in order to mainly avoid condensation therein. observed when the temperature of the fumes leaving the boiler turns out to be too low.
  • Flame temperature variators are already known such as that described in document FR-A-2017563, which acts on the length of the path of the fumes just before they leave the boiler.
  • this boiler is higher than the usual boilers, because it comprises above the heating body a return chamber in which the variator is placed.
  • the variator according to the invention does not have this drawback, it consists of at least one plate, placed on the smoke path, in the space between the internal face of the door and the exchanger plates of the boiler, this plate being either applied to at least part of the pins of one of the exchanger plates, or fixed to the internal face of the boiler door; the variator can also be formed by two of these plates.
  • the cast iron heating body represented in the figures from 1 to 5 is preferably composed of two parts, a front face 1 and a rear face 2 assembled according to a vertical assembly plane P, by tie rods not shown placed in housings appropriate 9 and of the pairs which come to be housed in the connections.
  • the front facade has a central cavity 3 forming the front part of the hearth where the flame will develop.
  • This cavity 3 opens onto the front facade plane 17 substantially following the general shape of a rhombus 31 with rounded angles.
  • This cavity widens and opens into the plane "P" in a complex shape 32 shown in FIG. 1, the lower part of which is substantially the same shape and the same dimensions as the lower part of the form 31, and the upper part recalls the general shape of a rectangle with rounded angles occupying practically the width of the boiler.
  • Exchanger flues are provided in the lower and upper parts of the front panel, and are fitted with exchange fins 16 in a manner known per se.
  • Two horizontal lower flues 14a, 14b, in a direction perpendicular to the plane "P" or to the facade plane 17 have a substantially triangular rounded section whose side resembling a hypotenuse is directed towards the focal point and the angular part towards the outside of the body of the boiler.
  • Three horizontal upper flues 15a, 15b, 15 ′ in a direction perpendicular to the plane "P", show a section of substantially rectangular shape with rounded corners, the central flue 15 ′ having its narrow side towards the hearth 3 and, the lateral flues 15a 15b showing him their largest side.
  • the front façade also has two large exchanger plates 11, 12 parallel to the front façade plane 17 and recessed with respect to this plane by a distance "d".
  • the exchanger plates 11, 12 are equipped over their entire surface with pins or fins 13 increasing the exchange surface in known manner.
  • the rear facade 2 comprises a central cavity 33 forming the rear part of the hearth, this cavity does not open onto the rear of the boiler but it opens onto the plane "P" in a substantially rectangular shape 34, the upper part of which substantially affects the shapes and dimensions of the upper part of the form 32 of the front panel, and the lower part of which extends to the bottom of the heating body, as can be seen in FIG. 2.
  • the rear facade 2 comprises three flues 25a, 25b, 25 ′ in the upper part which are the extensions of the flues 15a, 15b, 15 ′ of the front facade.
  • a set of water circulation channels 4 is provided all around the fireplace and the flues.
  • two vertical channels 42 of L-shaped section (see FIG. 4), run along the exchanger plates 11,12 to capture the calories collected by said plates 11,12.
  • the internal and concave wall 43 of each channel 42 looks entirely at the front part 3 of the hearth and at least part of the external wall 44 is applied to an exchanger plate or is integral with it.
  • the front facade is closed by a door 5 covering most of the plane 17 of the facade and closing both the central opening 31 and the five front flues 14a, 14b, 15b, 15 ′, 15a, for example the support door burner (described in patent application FR-A-2590003 with special hinges for opening on the right or on the left (patent application FR-A-2634542).
  • the rear facade is closed by the manifold 7 with central nozzle 71 provided for collecting the smoke from the flues 25a, 25b, 25 ′.
  • the heating body which has just been described has been designed so that the vertical paths in the front panel are ascending, this arrangement has the function of creating a natural thermal draft and of reducing the overall pressure drop of the boiler.
  • one of the peculiarities of the front facade concerns the presence of two plates 11, 12 fitted with pins or heat exchange fins directed towards the plane 17 of the facade, and the presence of a vertical circulation channel 42 of water by plate applied each against or forming a body with on the one hand each of said plates 11, 12 and in contact on the other hand with the hearth. Said circulation channels 42 are thus doubly heated: by the hearth and by the plates 11, 12 of the front facade 1.
  • the distance "d" between the plates 11, 12 and the front plane 17 is calculated as a function of the flow rate of the fumes and of the admissible pressure drops.
  • the shape of the hearth gives it a large surface in relation to its volume, this design has the function of reducing the temperature of the flame and therefore the production of nitrogen oxides.
  • one or more means of communication can be provided between the home and the route of the smoke (IIa, IIb) in the vicinity of the outlet of the lower flues 14a, 14b, either in the flues themselves, or in the trays 11,12.
  • These communication means for example simple holes 18, have the function of recycling part of the combustion gases, of reducing the rate of unburnt and improving the overall yield.
  • a sound trap can be integrated in door 5 (patent application FR-A-2590003).
  • the present boiler can also benefit from the improvements described in patent applications FR-A-2547025 for the removal of condensates in the joint plane "P" for operation at low temperature, and in patent applications FR -A-2615591 and FR-A-2631421 published on 17.11.89 for adjustable feet.
  • Another variant would be to equip the rear facade with trays similar to the trays 11,12 and functionally equivalent, this would increase the exchange surface but would increase the dimensions of the boiler.
  • one or two intermediate exchanger elements can be provided, between the two front elements 1, 2 in order to increase the volume of the hearth and the power of the boiler.
  • the boiler design which has just been described is particularly suitable for small boilers from 15 to 40 KW approximately and up to a hundred KW depending on the variants. This design can be applied to steel boilers.
  • the invention also relates to a flue gas temperature controller in the form of one or more plates, of adjustable surface, to be mounted on the heating body described above.
  • the temperature variator consists of a plate, for example of cast iron P1 placed on one of the exchanger plates 11 or 12, and applied to the tips of the pins 13 by any means suitable fixing "S".
  • the fixing means shown “S” is a screw “R” with a square head, capable of withstanding the temperature of the fumes, associated with a vertical adjustment light "L” of the plate P1 allowing the positioning in height of said plate relative to the exchanger plate or to each exchanger plate.
  • the high position of P1 has been shown in solid lines and in its dashed lines in its low position.
  • the plate P1 is for example substantially rectangular and has the function of improving the speed of the fumes in the path or paths of the fumes (IIIa, IIIb), situated on each side of the hearth in the space between the plates 11, 12 and the internal face of the door 5, therefore improving the heat exchanges with the water circulating in the channels 42 and lowering the temperature of the gases in the paths (IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, IV ′) and in boiler outlet.
  • the pins 13 can be partially or entirely covered with the same exchanger plate, the variation in the temperature of the boiler outlet gases can therefore be adjusted to the needs of the chimney and / or the standards in force.
  • the temperature variator consists of two plates P1.
  • the temperature variator consists of one or two plates P2 of refractory fibers, for example ceramic fibers or equivalent, fixed on the internal face of the door 5, on both sides and d 'other of the burner opening, by any suitable fixing means, for example screws "V” or a temperature-resistant adhesive.
  • Plate P2 has the function of reducing the space "d" between pins and door and to improve the speed of the fumes and to decrease the temperature.
  • Each plate P2 can be rectangular (variant not shown) or have the shape of a "C", the concave part of which faces the opening of the hearth (variant of FIGS. 8 and 9).
  • One or more pre-cuts can be provided on P2, for example L1, L2 so that the installer of the boiler can easily reduce the surface area of the plates delivered with the boiler, and thus adjust the variation of the outlet temperature of the fumes.
  • This alternative embodiment has the advantage of reducing the noise level of the boiler, in particular if two complete P2 plates are fixed or if the parts below the line L2 are kept at a minimum.
  • the adjustable useful surface as well as the location of the temperature controller plate (s) is or are chosen or modified by the installer when installing the boiler .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Kesselglied für Heizkessel, bestehend aus mindestens einer vorderen Stirnseite (1) und einer hinteren Stirnseite (2), die nach einem Zusammenbau in einer senkrechten Ebene (P) einerseits einen Förderweg für die warmen Gase und für die Rauchgase von dem Feuerraum, in dem die Flamme sich bildet, bis zu dem Sammelstück am Austritt, wobei dieser Förderweg waagerechte Feuerzüge enthält, und andererseits einen Wasserumlaufkreis bilden, wobei die Flächen für den Wärmeaustausch zwischen den beiden Medien mit Rippen (13) oder gleichwertigen Elementen versehen sind und das besagte Kesselglied ebenfalls eine Tür (5) enthält, die sich auf einer senkrechten vorderen Ebene (17) der vorderen Stirnseite (1) anlegt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vordere Stirnseite (1) enthält:
    - mindestens eine senkrechte Austauschplatte (11, 12), die gegenüber der vorderen Ebene (17) um einen Abstand (d) zurückversetzt ist, wobei jede Austauschplatte mit Rippen (13) versehen ist, die derart gegen die vordere Ebene (17) gerichtet sind, daß zwischen dieser vorderen Ebene (17) und der oder den Austauschplatten ein senkrechtes Volumen gebildet wird, das den größten Teil der vorderen Fläche der vorderen Stirnseite einnimmt, wobei in diesem Volumen die waagrechten Feuerzüge münden und gashaltige Schwaden strömen;
    - eine Einrichtung für die Änderung der Dicke der besagten gashaltigen Schwaden;
    - mindestens einen senkrechten Kanal für den Wasserumlauf (42), wovon mindestens ein Teil der außenliegenden Wandung (44) sich auf der Austauschplatte anlegt oder mit der Austauschplatte ein Ganzes bildet, während die innenliegende Wandungen mit dem Feuerraum in Berührung steht.
  2. Kesselglied nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anzahl der senkrechten Austauschplatten zwei beträgt.
  3. Kesselglied nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rauchgase von unten nach oben in dem Raum zwischen den Austauschplatten (11,12) und der vorderen Ebene (17) strömen, die von der Tür verschlossen ist.
  4. Kesselglied nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vordere Stirnseite versehen ist mit:
    - zwei Austauschplatten (11,12);
    - zwei waagerechten unteren Feuerzügen (14a,14b) gemäß einer Richtung, die zu der vorderen Ebene (17) senkrecht ist;
    - einem zentralen Hohlraum (3),
    wobei die Feuerzüge und der Hohlraum einerseits auf der vorderen Ebene (17) und andererseits auf der Ebene (P) des Zusammenbaus münden.
  5. Kesselglied nach Anspruch 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlraum (3) im wesentlichen nach der Gestalt eines Rhombusses (31) mit abgerundeten Ecken auf der vorderen Ebene (17) mündet, sich entfaltet und auf der Ebene (P) gemäß einer komplexeren Gestalt (32) mündet, deren unterer Teil im wesentlichen die Formen und Abmessungen des unteren Teiles der Gestalt (31) aufweist und deren oberer Teil im wesentlichen die Formen und Abmessungen des oberen Teiles der Gestalt (34) des hinteren Teiles (33) des Feuerraumes besitzt.
  6. Kesselglied nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vordere Stirnseite (1) mit mindestens einer Verbindungsmöglichkeit (18) zwischen dem Feuerraum und dem Ausgang der unteren Feuerzüge (14a,14b) versehen ist.
  7. Kesselglied nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die hintere Stirnseite (2) von der gleichen Art wie die vordere Stirnseite (1) ist.
  8. Kesselglied nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurh gekennzeichnet, daß jeder senkrechte Kanal für den Wasserumlauf (42) einen L-förmigen Querschnitt aufweist, dessen innenliegende und hohlgewölbte Wandung (43) sich in ihrer Gesamtheit auf dem vorderen Teil (3) des Feuerraums anlegt.
  9. Verstellgerät für Temperatur, verwendet an einem Kesselglied, nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es aus mindestens einer abnehmbaren Platte (P1 oder P2) mit einstellbarer Fläche gebildet ist, die in dem Förderweg der Rauchgase in dem senkrechten Volumen zwischen der innenliegenden Seite der Tür (5) des Heizkessels und den Austauschplatten des Kesselgliedes senkrecht angeordnet ist.
  10. Verstellgerät nach Anspruch 9,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platte (P1) auf einer der Austauschplatten (11,12) angeordnet und mit Hilfe einer Befestigung (S) auf mindestens einem Teil ihrer Rippen (13) angelegt ist.
  11. Verstellgerät nach Anspruch 9,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platte (P2) auf der innenliegenden Seite der Tür (5) befestigt ist.
  12. Verstellgerät nach Anspruch 10,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es zwei Platten (P2) enthält, und zwar auf jeder Austauschplatte eine.
  13. Verstellgerät nach Anspruch 11,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es zwei Platten (P2) enthält, und zwar auf jeder Seite der öffnung des Brenners eine.
  14. Verstellgerät nach Anspruch 10 oder 12,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platte (P1) aus hitzebeständigem Gußeisen im wesentlichen eine rechteckige Form aufweist und eine Einstellöffnung (L) enthält.
  15. Verstellgerät nach Anspruch 11 oder 13,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platte (P2) aus feuerfesten Fasern mindestens eine Anreißlinie für das Abschneiden (L₁,L₂) aufweist.
  16. Verstellgerät nach Anspruch 11, 13 oder 15,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platte (P2) die Form eines "C" aufweist, dessen hohler Teil gegen die Öffnung des Feuerraums gewendet ist.
  17. Verstellgerät nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 9 bis 16,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platten rechteckig sind.
  18. Verstellgerät nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 9 bis 17,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einstellbare Nutzfläche von der oder von den Platten des Verstellgerätes für Temperatur während der Aufstellung des Heizkessels von dem Monteur abänderbar ist.
  19. Verstellgerät nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 9 bis 18,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Standort von der oder von den Platten während der Aufstellung des Heizkessels von dem Monteur wählbar ist.
  20. Verstellgerät nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 9 bis 19,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fläche von der oder von den Platten während der Aufstellung des Heizkessels von dem Monteur wählbar ist.
EP19900440040 1989-05-10 1990-05-10 Kesselglied für Niedertemperatur-Heizkessel Expired - Lifetime EP0397586B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90440040T ATE87726T1 (de) 1989-05-10 1990-05-10 Kesselglied fuer niedertemperatur-heizkessel.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8906331 1989-05-10
FR8906331A FR2646893B1 (fr) 1989-05-10 1989-05-10 Corps de chauffe pour chaudiere en fonte
FR8914022 1989-10-23
FR8914022A FR2653540B2 (fr) 1989-05-10 1989-10-23 Variateur de temperature de fumees en sortie de chaudiere.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0397586A1 EP0397586A1 (de) 1990-11-14
EP0397586B1 true EP0397586B1 (de) 1993-03-31

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900440040 Expired - Lifetime EP0397586B1 (de) 1989-05-10 1990-05-10 Kesselglied für Niedertemperatur-Heizkessel

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EP (1) EP0397586B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69001197T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2653540B2 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2115461B1 (es) * 1994-08-04 1999-02-16 Roca Radiadores Perfeccionamientos en las calderas de calefaccion.
ES2156689B1 (es) 1998-12-11 2002-02-01 Vulcano Sadeca S A Generador de agua caliente para funcionamiento a baja temperatura.
ITMI20011743A1 (it) * 2001-08-09 2003-02-09 Gruppo Imar S P A Scambiatore di calore gas-liquido e caldaia includente tale scambiatore di calore

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1889412A (en) * 1932-04-25 1932-11-29 Paul M Lukomske Sectional boiler
US3070076A (en) * 1959-02-28 1962-12-25 Buderus Eisenwerk Heating boiler
AT267806B (de) * 1963-10-18 1969-01-10 Husqvarna Vapenfabriks Ab Zentralheizkessel
FR1542297A (fr) * 1967-11-03 1968-10-11 Beeston Boiler Company Ltd Chaudière formée de sections
AT297263B (de) * 1968-09-07 1972-03-27 Strebelwerk Gmbh Gliederkessel
NL7011979A (de) * 1969-11-25 1971-05-27
IT1010806B (it) * 1974-03-08 1977-01-20 Ideal Standard Spa Caldaia per impianti di riscalda mento centrale particolarmente del tipo funzionante a gas con bruciatore atmosferico ed elemen ti di scambio termico per detta
DE8802323U1 (de) * 1988-02-23 1988-04-07 Buderus Heiztechnik GmbH, 6330 Wetzlar Gliederheizkessel
AT394776B (de) * 1988-04-19 1992-06-25 Vaillant Gmbh Gliederkessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2653540B2 (fr) 1992-02-14
DE69001197D1 (de) 1993-05-06
EP0397586A1 (de) 1990-11-14
FR2653540A2 (fr) 1991-04-26
DE69001197T2 (de) 1993-08-26

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