EP0382247B1 - Installation for preparing plants for packaging - Google Patents

Installation for preparing plants for packaging Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0382247B1
EP0382247B1 EP90102589A EP90102589A EP0382247B1 EP 0382247 B1 EP0382247 B1 EP 0382247B1 EP 90102589 A EP90102589 A EP 90102589A EP 90102589 A EP90102589 A EP 90102589A EP 0382247 B1 EP0382247 B1 EP 0382247B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveyor
plants
assembly
plant
bow
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP90102589A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0382247A1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Dipl.-Ing. Helms
Reiner Peters
Peter Hoppe
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Kordes W Sohne Rosenschulen GmbH and Co KG
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Kordes W Sohne Rosenschulen GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
    • B65B25/02—Packaging agricultural or horticultural products

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plant for preparing plants for packaging according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Shrub-shaped plants especially rose plants, which are increasingly frequently packaged individually by the breeder and sent to customers, are usually too bulky in the state in which they have been harvested and cleared of soil to be put directly into packaging. It is therefore common to tie such plants together on shoots and roots.
  • binding devices are known which are used in such a way that a person only holds each individual plant into the device with one end, for example the roots, triggers a first binding, then pulls the plant out of the device, with which it turns holding the other end ahead again into the device, releasing the second binding and finally placing the plant in a place where it can be reached or made accessible by an intermediate conveyor for another person who trims the shoots and roots with a cutting device.
  • Working on tying and cutting devices is tedious and not entirely harmless, especially for plants with bulky roots and shoots. Above corresponds to the inner state of the art.
  • a machine for paraffinizing and packing grafted vines is known.
  • This system has a conveyor on which fork-shaped brackets for one plant are arranged one behind the other, vessels arranged laterally next to the conveyor with a paraffin mixture or coolant, into which parts of the graft protruding from the brackets can be successively immersed, and one above the conveyor arranged auxiliary conveyor with elastic pressure pads, which press from above onto the grafted vines and hold them in the holders.
  • the paraffined grafted vines are then passed between two film strips, which are heated and pressed together by pressure rollers, i.e. welded together.
  • the film strips with the grafted vines thus fixed between them are finally wound onto a winding drum.
  • the wraps with grafted vines produced in this way can be easily transported and stored.
  • the invention has for its object to prepare shrub-like plants for packaging, which, like rose plants in particular, have more or less bulky shoots and roots, with less human labor and without endangering them.
  • Protruding parts of the plant are to be understood as their roots and / or shoots. It is not always necessary to bind the roots as well as the shoots. The roots do not need to be bound if they are temporarily held together in a subsequent work step in which the plants are packaged as if they were bound. On the other hand, there are cases conceivable in which the shoots of the plants do not need to be bound because they are then cut relatively short on the system according to the invention. In such cases, it is sufficient if the system according to the invention has only a single binding device. For appropriate considerations, it may be sufficient if the plant according to the invention has only a single cutting device with which either the roots or the shoots of the plant are shortened. In general, however, two cutters are provided, one of which shortens the roots and the other shortens the shoots of the plants.
  • the person working on a system according to the invention can generally restrict himself to inserting plants into one of the holders at the beginning of the conveyor. Everything else can be done automatically with the usual design of the binding and cutting devices arranged along the conveyor.
  • the system shown has an elongated machine frame 10 in which an endless conveyor 12 is mounted.
  • the conveyor 12 consists essentially of a pair of parallel chains 14 which run over deflection wheels 16 and drive wheels and are driven together by a geared motor 20 in the direction of arrow A.
  • the two chains 14 are connected to one another at regular intervals by carriages 22 which are each divided in a central transverse plane and each have a double joint 24 with two horizontal joint axes B arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the conveyor 12.
  • Each carriage 22 carries two forks 26 and 28 which are open at the top and which together form a holder 30 for a plant P; the fork 26 is for receiving the shoots T, and the fork 28 for receiving the roots W of the plant P.
  • a binding device 40 or 42 of a type known per se for binding the shoots T or the roots W is arranged on the two long sides of the conveyor 12. Further downstream, a cutting device 44 and 46 for trimming the shoots T and roots W is arranged on the two long sides of the conveyor 12.
  • Each of the two cutting devices 44 and 46 consists of a pair of fine-tooth circular saws.
  • a group of hot wax fountains 48 is provided which are directed essentially vertically upwards by nozzles in a collecting basin, wet the drives T and then drip back into the collecting basin.
  • the wax which forms the hot wax fountains 48 at a temperature which is still acceptable for the shoots T, solidifies before the plants P have left the region above the collecting basin, and then forms a protective layer which prevents the shoots T from drying out.
  • Each of the carriages 22, as already indicated with reference to FIG. 1, consists of a front and a rear half 52 and 54, which are connected to one another by double joints 24 with transverse joint axes B.
  • each carriage 22 On the front half 52 of each carriage 22, two transverse shafts 60 are rotatably aligned in a bearing 62, but are axially immovable.
  • a bracket 64 for holding down a plant P inserted in the forks 26 and 28 is fastened to the outer end of each shaft 60 with respect to the associated carriage 22.
  • At the other end of each shaft 60 is a ratchet wheel 66 which is sawtooth-toothed.
  • the ratchet wheels 66 cooperate with a pawl 68, which is mounted on the front half of the carriage 52 in such a way that under the effect of its own weight, if necessary supported by a spring, it strives to engage in the associated ratchet wheel 66.
  • a locking lever 70 is fastened to each of the locking wheels 66, and a control member 72 in the form of a roller is mounted on its free end.
  • Each of the locking levers 70, and thus also the associated bracket 64, is prestressed by a spring 73 indicated in FIG. 6 in the sense of pivoting upward in the opening direction.
  • actuators 74 are arranged in the form of draw hooks in an initial region of the conveyor. These are each connected to a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit 76 via a tension spring 75.
  • the rollers 72 of a carriage 22, which is in an initial position can be pulled forward with an adjustable force.
  • each of the locking levers 70 exerts a torque counterclockwise on the associated shaft 60.
  • each carriage 22 carries only a complete fork 26 and instead of the other fork a receptacle 28, both of which are attached to the rear half 54 of the carriage.
  • a release lever 78 is mounted, which is pivotable in a vertical longitudinal plane of the conveyor 12 and normally occupies an ineffective position in which it is inclined obliquely backwards downwards.
  • a control member 80 is arranged in the form of a stationary roller, on which the release lever 78 runs, so that it is pivoted upwards.
  • the two pawls 68 of the carriage 22 in question are pivoted upward.
  • the two associated ratchet wheels 66 are released so that the two brackets 64 of the carriage 22 in question are pivoted upward by the associated spring 73 into their open position.
  • Each of the two cutting devices 44 and 46 has a fixed knife 82 with two straight cutting edges 84 and 86 which converge in the direction of movement A of the conveyor 12 and form a right angle with one another. With these two straight cutting edges 84 and 86, an arcuate cutting edge 88 of a pivotable knife 90 interacts, which is pivotably mounted on the fixed knife 82 in a vertical longitudinal plane of the conveyor 12 and can be actuated with a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit 92, only indicated.
  • Each of the two cutting devices 44 and 46 is arranged on a slide 94 which is mounted on a pair of horizontal guide rods 96 arranged transversely to the direction of movement A by means of a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit 98 between an adjustable working position in the immediate vicinity of the conveyor 12 and a rest position at a greater distance from the conveyor can be pushed back and forth.
  • a handwheel 100 is provided for setting the working position.
  • a plant P is placed transversely in the fork 26 and receptacle 28 of each carriage 22 at the beginning of the conveyor 12, as long as the two brackets 64 assume their open position.
  • the insertion of the plant P is determined by a sensor of the usual type, not shown, which is arranged at the insertion point and which causes the piston-cylinder unit 76 to pull the actuating members 74 forward.
  • the stirrups 64 are closed to a greater or lesser extent by their closing levers 70, so that the plant P is held in place by the stirrups 64 with sufficient, but still harmless, forces.
  • the plant P in question reaches a position in which its shoots T protrude into the binding device 40 and are bound together by the latter.
  • the plant P reaches the two cutting devices 44 and 46, from which the shoots T and roots W are trimmed.
  • the angular arrangement of the fixed cutting edges 84 and 86 prevents the drives T or roots W of the movable cutting edge 88 from evading.
  • the release lever 78 runs onto the control member 80 with the result that the plant P is released from the brackets 64 and falls out of the fork 26 and receptacle 28 as soon as the carriage 22 in question moves downward at the end of the conveyor 12.
  • a scraper 102 is arranged there, which ensures that the plant P is safely detached from the carriage 22 and falls onto a further conveyor (not shown) or into a container.

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP90/00214 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 4, 1990 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 4, 1990 PCT Filed Feb. 9, 1990 PCT Pub. No. WO90/09317 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 23, 1990.At least one binder means (40,42) for tying together projecting parts (T,W) of the plants (p) each held in a retainer (30) and at least one cutter means (44,46) for shortening projecting parts (T,W) of the plants (P) are arranged beside a conveyor (12) which comprises retainers (30) for a plant (P) each. Each retainer (30) includes at least one upwardly open fork (26,28) into which a plant (P) can be put and at least one bow (64) to press down the plant (P). Each bow (64) is pivotable about a transverse axis, is biased by a spring (73) in the sense of an opening movement, and is adapted to be locked in various closing positions by a ratchet mechanism (66,68). In a starting range of the conveyor (12) there is an actuating member (74) which acts on a control member (72) at each bow (64) so as to pivot it in closing direction. In a final range of the conveyor (12) there is a control member (80) for release of the ratchet mechanism (66,68).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage zum Vorbereiten von Pflanzen für das Verpacken nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a plant for preparing plants for packaging according to the preamble of claim 1.

Strauchförmige Pflanzen, insbes. Rosenpflanzen, die vom Züchter zunehmend häufig einzeln verpackt und an Kunden versandt werden, sind in dem Zustand, in dem sie geerntet und von Erdreich befreit worden sind, meist zu sperrig, um unmittelbar in eine Verpackung gesteckt zu werden. Es ist deshalb üblich, solche Pflanzen an Trieben und Wurzeln zusammenzubinden. Hierzu sind Bindevorrichtungen bekannt, die in der Weise benutzt werden, daß eine Person jede einzelne Pflanze erst mit einem Ende, beispielsweise den Wurzeln voran, in die Vorrichtung hineinhält, eine erste Bindung auslöst, die Pflanze dann aus der Vorrichtung herauszieht, wendet, mit dem anderen Ende voran wieder in die Vorrichtung hineinhält, die zweite Bindung auslöst und die Pflanze schließlich an einer Stelle ablegt, an der sie erreichbar ist oder durch einen Zwischenförderer erreichbar gemacht wird für eine weitere Person, die mit einer Schneidevorrichtung die Triebe und Wurzeln beschneidet. Die Arbeit an Binde- und Schneidevorrichtungen ist besonders bei Pflanzen mit sperrigen Wurzeln und Trieben mühsam und nicht ganz ungefährlich. Obengenanntes entspricht dem inneren Stand der Technik.Shrub-shaped plants, especially rose plants, which are increasingly frequently packaged individually by the breeder and sent to customers, are usually too bulky in the state in which they have been harvested and cleared of soil to be put directly into packaging. It is therefore common to tie such plants together on shoots and roots. For this purpose, binding devices are known which are used in such a way that a person only holds each individual plant into the device with one end, for example the roots, triggers a first binding, then pulls the plant out of the device, with which it turns holding the other end ahead again into the device, releasing the second binding and finally placing the plant in a place where it can be reached or made accessible by an intermediate conveyor for another person who trims the shoots and roots with a cutting device. Working on tying and cutting devices is tedious and not entirely harmless, especially for plants with bulky roots and shoots. Above corresponds to the inner state of the art.

Aus der DE 3541385 A1 ist eine Maschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 zum Paraffinieren und Verpacken von Pfropfreben bekannt. Diese Anlage hat einen Förderer, auf dem gabelförmige Halterungen für je eine Pflanze hintereinander angeordnet sind, seitlich neben dem Förderer angeordnete Gefäße mit einem Paraffingemisch bzw. Kühlmittel, in das seitlich aus den Halterungen herausragende Teile der Pfropfreben nacheinander eintauchbar sind, sowie einen oberhalb des Förderers angeordneten Hilfsförderer mit elastischen Druckpolstern, die von oben her auf die Pfropfreben drücken und diese in den Halterungen festhalten. Daraufhin werden die paraffinierten Pfropfreben zwischen zwei Folienbändern geführt, die erhitzt und von Druckrollen zusammengedrückt, also miteinander verschweißt werden. Die Folienbänder mit den so zwischen ihnen fixierten Pfropfreben werden schließlich auf eine Aufwickeltrommel aufgewickelt. Die auf diese Weise hergestellten Wickel mit Pfropfreben können einfach transportiert und gelagert werden.From DE 3541385 A1 a machine according to the preamble of claim 1 for paraffinizing and packing grafted vines is known. This system has a conveyor on which fork-shaped brackets for one plant are arranged one behind the other, vessels arranged laterally next to the conveyor with a paraffin mixture or coolant, into which parts of the graft protruding from the brackets can be successively immersed, and one above the conveyor arranged auxiliary conveyor with elastic pressure pads, which press from above onto the grafted vines and hold them in the holders. The paraffined grafted vines are then passed between two film strips, which are heated and pressed together by pressure rollers, i.e. welded together. The film strips with the grafted vines thus fixed between them are finally wound onto a winding drum. The wraps with grafted vines produced in this way can be easily transported and stored.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, strauchförmige Pflanzen, die, wie insbes. Rosenpflanzen, mehr oder weniger sperrige Triebe und Wurzeln haben, mit geringerem Einsatz menschlicher Arbeitskraft, und ohne diese zu gefährden, für das Verpacken vorzubereiten.The invention has for its object to prepare shrub-like plants for packaging, which, like rose plants in particular, have more or less bulky shoots and roots, with less human labor and without endangering them.

Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved with the features of claim 1.

Unter abstehenden Teilen der Pflanze sind deren Wurzeln und/oder Triebe zu verstehen. Es ist nicht in jedem Fall erforderlich, die Wurzeln ebenso wie die Triebe zu binden. Die Wurzeln brauchen dann nicht gebunden zu werden, wenn sie in einem anschließenden Arbeitsgang, in dem die Pflanzen verpackt werden, vorübergehend so zusammengehalten werden, als wären sie gebunden. Andererseits sind Fälle denkbar, in denen die Triebe der Pflanzen nicht gebunden zu werden brauchen, weil sie anschließend auf der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage verhältnismäßig kurz geschnitten werden. In solchen Fällen genügt es, wenn die erfindungsgemäße Anlage nur eine eine einzige Bindevorrichtung aufweist. Aus entsprechenden Erwägungen kann es genügen, wenn die erfindungsgemäße Anlage nur eine einzige Schneidevorrichtung aufweist, mit der entweder die Wurzeln oder die Triebe der Pflanze gekürzt werden. Im allgemeinen sind jedoch zwei Schneidevorrichtungen vorgesehen, von denen eine die Wurzeln und die andere die Triebe der Pflanzen kürzt.Protruding parts of the plant are to be understood as their roots and / or shoots. It is not always necessary to bind the roots as well as the shoots. The roots do not need to be bound if they are temporarily held together in a subsequent work step in which the plants are packaged as if they were bound. On the other hand, there are cases conceivable in which the shoots of the plants do not need to be bound because they are then cut relatively short on the system according to the invention. In such cases, it is sufficient if the system according to the invention has only a single binding device. For appropriate considerations, it may be sufficient if the plant according to the invention has only a single cutting device with which either the roots or the shoots of the plant are shortened. In general, however, two cutters are provided, one of which shortens the roots and the other shortens the shoots of the plants.

Die Person, die an einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage arbeitet, kann sich im allgemeinen darauf beschränken, am Anfang des Förderers Pflanzen in je eine der Halterungen einzulegen. Alles weitere kann bei üblicher Ausgestaltung der längs des Förderers angeordneten Binde- und Schneidevorrichtungen selbsttätig geschehen.The person working on a system according to the invention can generally restrict himself to inserting plants into one of the holders at the beginning of the conveyor. Everything else can be done automatically with the usual design of the binding and cutting devices arranged along the conveyor.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Advantageous developments of the invention result from the subclaims.

Ausführungsbeispiele einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage werden im folgenden anhand schematischer Zeichnungen mit weiteren Einzelheiten beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine stark vereinfachte Gesamtdraufsicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage,
  • Fig. 2 eine gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerte Draufsicht von Teilen der Anlage,
  • Fig. 3 die Seitenansicht in Richtung des Pfeils III in Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 4 einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 2 mit weiteren Einzelheiten,
  • Fig. 5 die zu Fig. 4 gehörige Seitenansicht, teilweise als Schnitt in der senkrechten Ebene V-V,
  • Fig. 6 die Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils VI in Fig. 5 und
  • Fig. 7 einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 3.
Exemplary embodiments of a system according to the invention are described in the following with the aid of schematic drawings with further details. Show it:
  • 1 is a greatly simplified overall plan view of a system according to the invention,
  • 2 is an enlarged plan view of parts of the system compared to FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows the side view in the direction of arrow III in FIG. 2,
  • 4 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 2 with further details,
  • 5 shows the side view belonging to FIG. 4, partly as a section in the vertical plane VV,
  • Fig. 6 is the view in the direction of arrow VI in Fig. 5 and
  • 7 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 3.

Die abgebildete Anlage hat ein langgestrecktes Maschinengestell 10, in dem ein endloser Förderer 12 gelagert ist. Der Förderer 12 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Paar paralleler Ketten 14, die über Umlenkräder 16 und Antriebsräder laufen und gemeinsam von einem Getriebemotor 20 in Richtung des Pfeils A angetrieben werden. Die beiden Ketten 14 sind in regelmäßigen Abständen durch Wagen 22 miteinander verbunden, die in je einer mittleren Querebene geteilt sind und dort je ein Doppelgelenk 24 mit zwei waagerechten, quer zur Längsrichtung des Förderers 12 angeordneten Gelenkachsen B aufweisen.The system shown has an elongated machine frame 10 in which an endless conveyor 12 is mounted. The conveyor 12 consists essentially of a pair of parallel chains 14 which run over deflection wheels 16 and drive wheels and are driven together by a geared motor 20 in the direction of arrow A. The two chains 14 are connected to one another at regular intervals by carriages 22 which are each divided in a central transverse plane and each have a double joint 24 with two horizontal joint axes B arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the conveyor 12.

Jeder Wagen 22 trägt nebeneinander zwei nach oben offene Gabeln 26 und 28, die gemeinsam eine Halterung 30 für eine Pflanze P bilden; die Gabel 26 ist zum Aufnehmen der Triebe T, und die Gabel 28 zum Aufnehmen der Wurzeln W der Pflanze P bestimmt.Each carriage 22 carries two forks 26 and 28 which are open at the top and which together form a holder 30 for a plant P; the fork 26 is for receiving the shoots T, and the fork 28 for receiving the roots W of the plant P.

An den beiden Längsseiten des Förderers 12 ist gemäß Fig. 1 je eine Bindevorrichtung 40 bzw. 42 von an sich bekannter Bauart zum Binden der Triebe T bzw. der Wurzeln W angeordnet. Weiter förderstromabwärts ist an den beiden Längsseiten des Förderers 12 je eine Schneidevorrichtung 44 bzw. 46 zum Beschneiden der Triebe T bzw. Wurzeln W angeordnet. Jede der beiden Schneidevorrichtungen 44 und 46 besteht aus einem Paar feinzahniger Kreissägen.According to FIG. 1, a binding device 40 or 42 of a type known per se for binding the shoots T or the roots W is arranged on the two long sides of the conveyor 12. Further downstream, a cutting device 44 and 46 for trimming the shoots T and roots W is arranged on the two long sides of the conveyor 12. Each of the two cutting devices 44 and 46 consists of a pair of fine-tooth circular saws.

Schließlich ist gemäß Fig. 1 nahe dem Ende des Förderers 12 in einem Bereich, über den sich die beschnittenen Triebe T hinwegbewegen, eine Gruppe von Heißwachsfontänen 48 vorgesehen, die von Düsen in einem Auffangbecken im wesentlichen senkrecht nach oben gerichtet werden, die Triebe T benetzen und anschließend in das Auffangbecken zurücktropfen. Das Wachs, das bei einer für die Triebe T noch zuträglichen Temperatur die Heißwachsfontänen 48 bildet, erstarrt, ehe die Pflanzen P den Bereich über dem Auffangbecken verlassen haben, und bildet dann eine Schutzschicht, die die Triebe T vor dem Austrocknen bewahrt.Finally, as shown in FIG. 1, near the end of the conveyor 12 is in an area over which the trimmed Move shoots T away, a group of hot wax fountains 48 is provided which are directed essentially vertically upwards by nozzles in a collecting basin, wet the drives T and then drip back into the collecting basin. The wax, which forms the hot wax fountains 48 at a temperature which is still acceptable for the shoots T, solidifies before the plants P have left the region above the collecting basin, and then forms a protective layer which prevents the shoots T from drying out.

Jeder der Wagen 22 besteht, wie schon anhand der Fig. 1 angedeutet, aus einer vorderen und einer hinteren Hälfte 52 bzw. 54, die durch Doppelgelenke 24 mit querliegenden Gelenkachsen B miteinander verbunden sind. An den beiden Hälten 52 und 54 jedes Wagens 22 ist je ein Paar Laufräder 56 gelagert, die während der Vorwärtsbewegung der Wagen 22 in Richtung des Pfeils A auf Schienen 58 am Maschinengestell 10 laufen.Each of the carriages 22, as already indicated with reference to FIG. 1, consists of a front and a rear half 52 and 54, which are connected to one another by double joints 24 with transverse joint axes B. On the two halves 52 and 54 of each carriage 22 a pair of wheels 56 is mounted, which run on rails 58 on the machine frame 10 during the forward movement of the carriage 22 in the direction of arrow A.

An der vorderen Hälfte 52 jedes Wagens 22 sind zwei querliegende Wellen 60 miteinander fluchtend in je einem Lager 62 drehbar, jedoch axial unverschiebbar gelagert. Am in bezug auf den zugehörigen Wagen 22 äußeren Ende jeder Welle 60 ist ein Bügel 64 zum Niederhalten einer in die Gabeln 26 und 28 eingelegten Pflanze P befestigt. Am anderen Ende jeder Welle 60 ist ein Sperrad 66 befestigt, das sägezahnartig verzahnt ist. Die Sperräder 66 wirken mit je einer Sperrklinke 68 zusammen, die an der vorderen Wagenhälfte 52 derart gelagert ist, daß sie unter der Wirkung ihres Eigengewichts, nötigenfalls unterstützt durch eine Feder, in das zugehörige Sperrad 66 einzugreifen bestrebt ist.On the front half 52 of each carriage 22, two transverse shafts 60 are rotatably aligned in a bearing 62, but are axially immovable. A bracket 64 for holding down a plant P inserted in the forks 26 and 28 is fastened to the outer end of each shaft 60 with respect to the associated carriage 22. At the other end of each shaft 60 is a ratchet wheel 66 which is sawtooth-toothed. The ratchet wheels 66 cooperate with a pawl 68, which is mounted on the front half of the carriage 52 in such a way that under the effect of its own weight, if necessary supported by a spring, it strives to engage in the associated ratchet wheel 66.

An jedem der Sperräder 66 ist ein Schließhebel 70 befestigt, an dessen freiem Ende ein Steuerglied 72 in Gestalt einer Rolle gelagert ist. Jeder der Schließhebel 70, und somit auch der zugehörige Bügel 64, ist durch eine in Fig. 6 angedeutete Feder 73 im Sinne einer Schwenkung nach oben, in Öffnungsrichtung, vorgespannt. Zum Schließen der Bügel 64 sind in einem Anfangsbereich des Förderers 12 Betätigungsglieder 74 in Form von Zughaken angeordnet. Diese sind über je eine Zugfeder 75 mit einer pneumatischen Kolbenzylindereinheit 76 verbunden. Durch Einfahren der Kolbenzylindereinheit 76 lassen sich die Rollen 72 eines Wagens 22, der eine Anfangsstellung einnimmt, mit je einer einstellbaren Kraft nach vorne ziehen. Das hat zur Folge, daß jeder der Schließhebel 70, bezogen auf die Darstellung in Fig. 3, ein Drehmoment entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn auf die zugehörige Welle 60 ausübt.A locking lever 70 is fastened to each of the locking wheels 66, and a control member 72 in the form of a roller is mounted on its free end. Each of the locking levers 70, and thus also the associated bracket 64, is prestressed by a spring 73 indicated in FIG. 6 in the sense of pivoting upward in the opening direction. To close the bracket 64 12 actuators 74 are arranged in the form of draw hooks in an initial region of the conveyor. These are each connected to a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit 76 via a tension spring 75. By retracting the piston-cylinder unit 76, the rollers 72 of a carriage 22, which is in an initial position, can be pulled forward with an adjustable force. As a result, each of the locking levers 70, based on the illustration in FIG. 3, exerts a torque counterclockwise on the associated shaft 60.

Gemäß Fig. 2 bis 7 trägt jeder Wagen 22 nur eine vollständige Gabel 26 und anstelle der anderen Gabel eine Aufnahme 28, die beide an der hinteren Hälfte 54 des Wagens befestigt sind.2 to 7 each carriage 22 carries only a complete fork 26 and instead of the other fork a receptacle 28, both of which are attached to the rear half 54 of the carriage.

An der vorderen Hälfte 52 jedes Wagens 22 ist ein Lösehebel 78 gelagert, der in einer senkrechten Längsebene des Förderers 12 schwenkbar ist und normalerweise eine wirkungslose Stellung einnimmt, in der er schräg nach hinten unten geneigt ist. In einem Endbereich des Förderers 12 ist ein Steuerglied 80 in Gestalt einer ortsfest gelagerten Rolle angeordnet, auf das der Lösehebel 78 aufläuft, so daß er nach oben geschwenkt wird. Infolgedessen werden die beiden Sperrklinken 68 des betreffenden Wagens 22 nach oben geschwenkt. Dadurch werden die beiden zugehörigen Sperräder 66 freigegeben, so daß die beiden Bügel 64 des betreffenden Wagens 22 von der zugehörigen Feder 73 nach oben in ihre Offenstellung geschwenkt werden.On the front half 52 of each carriage 22, a release lever 78 is mounted, which is pivotable in a vertical longitudinal plane of the conveyor 12 and normally occupies an ineffective position in which it is inclined obliquely backwards downwards. In an end region of the conveyor 12, a control member 80 is arranged in the form of a stationary roller, on which the release lever 78 runs, so that it is pivoted upwards. As a result, the two pawls 68 of the carriage 22 in question are pivoted upward. As a result, the two associated ratchet wheels 66 are released so that the two brackets 64 of the carriage 22 in question are pivoted upward by the associated spring 73 into their open position.

Jede der beiden Schneidevorrichtungen 44 und 46 hat ein feststehendes Messer 82 mit zwei geraden Schneiden 84 und 86, die in Bewegungsrichtung A des Förderers 12 konvergieren und einen rechten Winkel miteinander einschließen. Mit diesen beiden geraden Schneiden 84 und 86 wirkt eine bogenförmige Schneide 88 eines schwenkbaren Messers 90 zusammen, das am festen Messer 82 in einer senkrechten Längsebene des Förderers 12 schwenkbar gelagert und mit einer nur angedeuteten pneumatischen Kolbenzylindereinheit 92 betätigbar ist.Each of the two cutting devices 44 and 46 has a fixed knife 82 with two straight cutting edges 84 and 86 which converge in the direction of movement A of the conveyor 12 and form a right angle with one another. With these two straight cutting edges 84 and 86, an arcuate cutting edge 88 of a pivotable knife 90 interacts, which is pivotably mounted on the fixed knife 82 in a vertical longitudinal plane of the conveyor 12 and can be actuated with a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit 92, only indicated.

Jede der beiden Schneidevorrichtungen 44 und 46 ist auf einem Schlitten 94 angeordnet, der auf einem Paar waagerechter, quer zur Bewegungsrichtung A angeordneter Führungsstangen 96 mittels einer pneumatischen Kolbenzylindereinheit 98 zwischen einer einstellbaren Arbeitsstellung in unmittelbarer Nähe des Förderers 12 und einer Ruhestellung in größerer Entfernung vom Förderer hin- und herschiebbar ist. Zum Einstellen der Arbeitsstellung ist ein Handrad 100 vorgesehen.Each of the two cutting devices 44 and 46 is arranged on a slide 94 which is mounted on a pair of horizontal guide rods 96 arranged transversely to the direction of movement A by means of a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit 98 between an adjustable working position in the immediate vicinity of the conveyor 12 and a rest position at a greater distance from the conveyor can be pushed back and forth. A handwheel 100 is provided for setting the working position.

Im Betrieb der beschriebenen Anlage wird in die Gabel 26 und Aufnahme 28 jedes Wagens 22 am Anfang des Förderers 12 eine Pflanze P querliegend eingelegt, solange die beiden Bügel 64 ihre Offenstellung einnehmen. Das Einlegen der Pflanze P wird von einem an der Einlegestelle angeordneten, nicht dargestellten Sensor üblicher Bauart festgestellt, der die Kolbenzylindereinheit 76 veranlaßt, die Betätigungsglieder 74 nach vorne zu ziehen. Infolgedessen werden die Bügel 64 durch ihre Schließhebel 70 mehr oder weniger weit geschlossen, so daß die eingelegte Pflanze P von den Bügeln 64 mit ausreichenden, aber noch unschädlichen Kräften festgehalten wird.In the operation of the system described, a plant P is placed transversely in the fork 26 and receptacle 28 of each carriage 22 at the beginning of the conveyor 12, as long as the two brackets 64 assume their open position. The insertion of the plant P is determined by a sensor of the usual type, not shown, which is arranged at the insertion point and which causes the piston-cylinder unit 76 to pull the actuating members 74 forward. As a result, the stirrups 64 are closed to a greater or lesser extent by their closing levers 70, so that the plant P is held in place by the stirrups 64 with sufficient, but still harmless, forces.

Bei der weiteren Bewegung des Förderers 12, die schrittweise stattfindet, erreicht die betreffende Pflanze P eine Stellung, in der ihre Triebe T in die Bindevorrichtung 40 hineinragen und von dieser zusammengebunden werden. Nach einem der weiteren Schritte des Förderers 12 erreicht die Pflanze P die beiden Schneidevorrichtungen 44 und 46, von denen die Triebe T und Wurzeln W beschnitten werden. Dabei wird durch die winkelförmige Anordnung der festen Schneiden 84 und 86 verhindert, daß die Triebe T bzw. Wurzeln W der beweglichen Schneide 88 ausweichen.With the further movement of the conveyor 12, which takes place step by step, the plant P in question reaches a position in which its shoots T protrude into the binding device 40 and are bound together by the latter. After one of the further steps of the conveyor 12, the plant P reaches the two cutting devices 44 and 46, from which the shoots T and roots W are trimmed. The angular arrangement of the fixed cutting edges 84 and 86 prevents the drives T or roots W of the movable cutting edge 88 from evading.

Sobald der Wagen 22 mit der genannten Pflanze P den Endbereich des Förderers 12 erreicht, läuft der Lösehebel 78 auf das Steuerglied 80 auf mit der Folge, daß die Pflanze P von den Bügeln 64 freigegeben wird und aus der Gabel 26 und Aufnahme 28 herausfällt, sobald der betreffende Wagen 22 sich am Ende des Förderers 12 abwärtsbewegt. Dort ist ein Abstreifer 102 angeordnet, der dafür sorgt, daß die Pflanze P sich mit Sicherheit vom Wagen 22 löst und auf einen nicht dargestellten weiteren Förderer oder in einen Behälter fällt.As soon as the carriage 22 with the said plant P reaches the end region of the conveyor 12, the release lever 78 runs onto the control member 80 with the result that the plant P is released from the brackets 64 and falls out of the fork 26 and receptacle 28 as soon as the carriage 22 in question moves downward at the end of the conveyor 12. A scraper 102 is arranged there, which ensures that the plant P is safely detached from the carriage 22 and falls onto a further conveyor (not shown) or into a container.

Claims (7)

  1. An assembly for preparing plants for packing, comprising
    - a conveyor (12) on which fork-shaped retainers (30) for a plant (P) each are arranged in succession,
    - means (40 - 46) for treating parts (T,W) of the plants (P) projecting from the retainers (30), and
    - means (64, 66, 68, 73) for pressing down the plants (P) in the retainers (30),
    characterized in that
    - at least one binder means (40,42) for tying together projecting parts (T,W) of bushy plants (P) held in a respective one each of the retainers (30) and at least one cutter means (44,46) are provided for shortening projecting parts (T,W) of those plants (P), and
    - each retainer (30) comprises at least one bow (64) to press down the bushy plant (P) held by it, said bow being pivotable about a transverse axis, further being biased by a spring (73) in the sense of an opening movement, and being adapted to be locked in different closing positions by a ratched mechanism (66,68).
  2. The assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that each bow (64) is connected to a control member (72), and that an actuating member (74) is disposed in a starting range of the conveyor (12) to act on the control member (72) so as to pivot the corresponding bow (64) in the direction of closing.
  3. The assembly as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a control member (80) is arranged in a final range of the conveyor (12) to release the ratchet mechanism (66,68).
  4. The assembly as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the or each cutter means (44,46) comprise(s) a stationary knife (82) with two blades (84,86) which converge in the direction of movement of the conveyor (12) as well as a movable knife (90) which cooperates with those two blades (84,86).
  5. The assembly as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the or each cutter means (44,46) are/is mounted on a carriage (94) which is movable back and forth transversely of the direction of movement (A) of the conveyor (12) between an operative position adjacent the conveyor (12) and an inoperative position remote from the same.
  6. The assembly as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the operative position is adjustable.
  7. The assembly as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a collecting pan (50) is disposed beside the conveyor (12) from which pan hot wax fountains (48) start for wetting the shoots (T).
EP90102589A 1989-02-10 1990-02-09 Installation for preparing plants for packaging Expired - Lifetime EP0382247B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3904045 1989-02-10
DE3904045A DE3904045C1 (en) 1989-02-10 1989-02-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0382247A1 EP0382247A1 (en) 1990-08-16
EP0382247B1 true EP0382247B1 (en) 1992-12-09

Family

ID=6373845

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90102589A Expired - Lifetime EP0382247B1 (en) 1989-02-10 1990-02-09 Installation for preparing plants for packaging

Country Status (16)

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US (1) US5113633A (en)
EP (1) EP0382247B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03503876A (en)
AT (1) ATE83205T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2024017A1 (en)
DD (1) DD292193A5 (en)
DE (2) DE3904045C1 (en)
DK (1) DK0382247T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2036064T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3006530T3 (en)
HU (1) HU206294B (en)
LT (1) LT3433B (en)
LV (1) LV10413B (en)
PL (1) PL163156B1 (en)
RU (1) RU1833335C (en)
WO (1) WO1990009317A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001079045A1 (en) 2000-04-19 2001-10-25 Asmo Co., Ltd. Wiper device
AT504432B8 (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-09-15 Hofer Forschungs & Entw Gmbh POWER PLANT FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE
CN103482105A (en) * 2012-06-11 2014-01-01 四川制药制剂有限公司 Automatic drug packaging system for pharmaceutical workshop

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE540190C (en) * 1931-12-10 Richard Raupach Device for bundling brushwood, bushes, willows and. like
US2180349A (en) * 1937-01-26 1939-11-21 Chisholm Ryder Co Inc Apparatus for packing foodstuffs
US3001345A (en) * 1959-06-17 1961-09-26 Jack Scoonover Bush packing machine
US4095391A (en) * 1977-05-23 1978-06-20 Veg-A-Mix Apparatus for bunching broccoli
US4262944A (en) * 1979-01-30 1981-04-21 Johnson Associates, Inc. Broccoli bunching and tying machine
FR2464657A1 (en) * 1979-09-07 1981-03-20 Techn Et Realisa Et Machine to trim umbelliferous vegetables partic. celery - fully automatically after vegetable is manually loaded into feed conveyor cradle
FR2470057A1 (en) * 1979-11-20 1981-05-29 Blanc Philippe Cut flower wrapping applicator - has paper and thread encircling bunch supplied on tray and discharged along chute
FR2590543B1 (en) * 1985-11-22 1990-06-22 Avtomatika Zavod PARAFFINING AND PACKAGING MACHINE FOR GRAFT VINE PLANTS
IL85732A (en) * 1987-04-10 1993-08-18 Devis Ltd Apparatus for processing cut flowers or similar articles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU1833335C (en) 1993-08-07
GR3006530T3 (en) 1993-06-30
LV10413B (en) 1995-04-20
DK0382247T3 (en) 1993-01-25
DD292193A5 (en) 1991-07-25
ES2036064T3 (en) 1993-05-01
US5113633A (en) 1992-05-19
EP0382247A1 (en) 1990-08-16
DE59000558D1 (en) 1993-01-21
ATE83205T1 (en) 1992-12-15
HU206294B (en) 1992-10-28
LT3433B (en) 1995-10-25
HUT54577A (en) 1991-03-28
LV10413A (en) 1995-02-20
HU901544D0 (en) 1991-01-28
LTIP881A (en) 1995-03-27
PL163156B1 (en) 1994-02-28
JPH03503876A (en) 1991-08-29
WO1990009317A1 (en) 1990-08-23
DE3904045C1 (en) 1990-04-12
CA2024017A1 (en) 1990-08-11

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