EP0378273B1 - Tube à rayons X à anode tournante comportant un palier à glissement, en particulier un palier à rainures spirales - Google Patents

Tube à rayons X à anode tournante comportant un palier à glissement, en particulier un palier à rainures spirales Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0378273B1
EP0378273B1 EP90200048A EP90200048A EP0378273B1 EP 0378273 B1 EP0378273 B1 EP 0378273B1 EP 90200048 A EP90200048 A EP 90200048A EP 90200048 A EP90200048 A EP 90200048A EP 0378273 B1 EP0378273 B1 EP 0378273B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing
lubricant
ray tube
anode
rotary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90200048A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0378273A2 (fr
EP0378273A3 (fr
Inventor
Axel Vetter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV, Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Publication of EP0378273A2 publication Critical patent/EP0378273A2/fr
Publication of EP0378273A3 publication Critical patent/EP0378273A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0378273B1 publication Critical patent/EP0378273B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
    • H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
    • H01J35/101—Arrangements for rotating anodes, e.g. supporting means, means for greasing, means for sealing the axle or means for shielding or protecting the driving
    • H01J35/1017—Bearings for rotating anodes
    • H01J35/104—Fluid bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/10—Drive means for anode (target) substrate
    • H01J2235/1046—Bearings and bearing contact surfaces
    • H01J2235/106—Dynamic pressure bearings, e.g. helical groove type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/10—Drive means for anode (target) substrate
    • H01J2235/1046—Bearings and bearing contact surfaces
    • H01J2235/1066—Treated contact surfaces, e.g. coatings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotating anode X-ray tube according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Such an X-ray tube with a spiral groove bearing is known from EP-OS 141 476.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a rotating anode X-ray tube of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that damage to the bearing in the event of loss of lubricant is largely prevented.
  • the rotary anode X-ray tube shown in FIG. 1 has a metal piston 1 to which the cathode 3 is attached via a first insulator 2 and the rotary anode is attached via a second insulator 4.
  • the rotating anode has an anode disc 5, on the surface of which is opposite the cathode 3, when a high voltage is switched on, X-radiation is generated, which emerges through a radiation exit window 6 in the bulb 1, which preferably consists of beryllium.
  • the anode disk 5 is connected via a bearing to a carrier body 7 which is fastened to the second insulator 4. As can be seen in particular from FIG.
  • the bearing comprises a bearing shaft 8 which is fixedly connected to the carrier body 7 and a bearing shell 9 which concentrically surrounds the bearing shaft 8 and which has at its lower end a rotor 10 for driving the anode disk 5, which at the upper end the bearing shell 9 is attached.
  • the bearing axis 8 and the bearing shell 9 consist of tungsten, molybdenum or a tungsten-molybdenum alloy (TZM).
  • the axis 8 is provided with two herringbone groove patterns 11 which are offset from one another in the axial direction.
  • the grooves are only a few »m deep and the surfaces of the grooves are preferably in a ratio of 1: 1 to the surfaces in between.
  • the space between the groove patterns 11 and the bearing shell 9 is filled with a liquid lubricant, preferably a gallium alloy (GaInSn).
  • GaInSn gallium alloy
  • the bearing axis 12 has a section 12 several millimeters thick, the diameter of which is substantially larger than the diameter of the remaining part of the bearing axis 8; a section follows below, the diameter of which is slightly smaller than the diameter of the bearing axis 8 in the upper region and which is connected to the carrier body 7.
  • the inner contour of the bearing shell 9 is adapted to the outer contour of the axis 8; as a result, the bearing shell cannot be formed in one piece, as shown in the drawing, but must consist of at least two parts which are connected in a suitable manner in the area of section 12 in such a way that the lubricant cannot escape through the connection areas.
  • the lower end face of the section 12 is provided with a herringbone-like pattern 13 of grooves and, together with a parallel surface of the bearing shell 9, forms a pair of bearing surfaces which can absorb axially upward forces on the rotating anode.
  • the upper end face 14 of the section 12 is provided with a similar groove pattern. It forms together with the opposite parallel surface of the bearing shell 9 a pair of bearing surfaces, which absorbs downward axial forces on the rotating anode.
  • the bearing 8, 9 is closed towards the anode disk 5; the lubricant film only adjoins the vacuum space in the lower section. So that the surfaces adjacent to the bearing surfaces are not wetted by the lubricant and thereby remove lubricant from the bearing, the surfaces in the opening area of the bearing are provided with a layer that cannot be wetted by the lubricant, for example titanium oxide, as known from EP-OS 141 476. Nevertheless, it cannot be avoided that lubricant can escape due to sudden mechanical stress on the bearing.
  • a relatively large gap is provided between the outer lateral surface of section 12 and the opposite and concentric surface of the bearing shell 9, which surrounds a lubricant reservoir 15.
  • a gap of only 0.5 mm is sufficient to form a lubricant reservoir of around 500 mm 3, which is large compared to the amount of lubricant in the radial or axial direction Spiral groove bearings (70 mm3 or 50 mm3). Since the lubricant in the lubricant reservoir 15 from the Rotation axis 16 has the greatest distance, the centrifugal forces generated by rotating anode cause the lubricant to remain in the reservoir during normal operation.
  • a channel 17 is drilled in section 12 of the bearing axis 8, which connects the lubricant reservoir 15 to the opening area, so that the end of this channel facing away from the lubricant reservoir is connected to the vacuum space in the X-ray tube.
  • the lubricant initially contained in the channel 17 empties into the lubricant reservoir 15, and then the vacuum can expand into the lubricant region 15 and form a cavity there.
  • the channel 17 has the effect that all bearing points are automatically supplied with the required amount of lubricant.
  • the diameter of the channel should be as large as possible, but only so large - for example 0.6 mm - that the Capillary forces still hold the lubricant and do not let it flow into the vacuum space of the rotating anode X-ray tube. This must also not happen while the rotating anode is rotating. Therefore, a radially outwardly directed channel through the bearing shell 9 is prohibited because the centrifugal forces could push the lubricant outwards through the channel during operation. This danger does not exist with the channel 17 directed inwards from the lubricant reservoir. In order to enable a faster flow from the lubricant reservoir in the event of a loss of lubricant, it can be expedient to provide a plurality of channels 17 - symmetrical to the axis of rotation and evenly distributed over the circumference.
  • the lubricant gap of the spiral groove bearing 14 on the anode side becomes smaller. This leads to a higher pressure build-up there and consequently to a pumping action, as a result of which lubricant is sucked into the outer and inner edge of this bearing.
  • the lubricant comes from the opposite spiral groove bearing 13. This lubricant transport through the narrow bearing gaps would create high negative pressures, which can lead to the tearing of the lubricating film (cavitation).
  • Such a cavitation or strong lubricant flows across the bearing surface can be avoided by a channel 18, which has approximately the same diameter as the channel 17 and which connects the spiral groove bearing 14 facing away from the opening of the bearing to the lubricant reservoir 15 at its inner edge. This is because the lubricant is supplied to the inner edge of the bearing 14 from the reservoir 15 via the bore 18.
  • the channel 17 has a similar function for the opposite axial movement, if it ends in the area of the inner edge of the axial spiral groove bearing 13.
  • the inner part of the bearing - the bearing axis 8 - is fixed, while the outer part - the bearing shell 9 - rotates; the opening of the bearing faces away from the anode disk.
  • the inner part could rotate and the outer part could be fixed; the opening of the bearing would face the anode disk.
  • the channels 17 and 18 could then also run in the inner part and should be directed inwards from the lubricant reservoir.
  • a bearing was assumed whose cross-section part provided with spiral grooves has the shape of an inverted T. Instead, this part can also have a rectangular cross section; i.e., the spiral grooves can be applied to the front and lateral surfaces of a cylindrical bearing axis.
  • the lubricant reservoir is located on the lateral surface between the two radial spiral groove bearings attached there. In order to establish a connection with the axial spiral groove bearings on the end faces - the lubricant can practically not be transported there via the radial bearings - there must be a system of channels which connects the edges of the bearing axis with the lubricant reservoir.
  • the lubricant reservoir must be connected to the vacuum space via a plurality of channels - that is, also a channel system - the inlet opening having to be closer to the axis of rotation than the reservoir.
  • the two channel systems mentioned can share some of their channels.

Landscapes

  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Tube à rayons X à anode tournante comportant un palier à glissement, en particulier un palier à rainures spirales, pour le tourillonnement axial de l'anode tournante, qui comprend au moins deux paires de portées (13, 14) pour absorber des forces axiales agissant dans des directions opposées, qui présentent chacune deux portées qui se trouvent sur des parties de palier tournant l'une par rapport à l'autre et qui coopèrent via un lubrifiant, le palier à glissement étant en liaison avec l'espace sous vide du tube à rayons X via au moins une ouverture, caractérisé en ce que, dans la zone comprise entre les paires de portées (13, 14), il est prévu un réservoir de lubrifiant (15) qui est en liaison avec le lubrifiant des paires de portées, et en ce que, dans l'une des deux parties de palier (8), il est prévu un système de canaux (17), qui relie le réservoir de lubrifiant (15) à l'espace sous vide du tube à rayons X.
  2. Tube à rayons X à anode tournante selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le système de canaux présente plusieurs canaux (17) agencés symétriquement par rapport à l'axe de rotation (16) et répartis uniformément dans la première partie de palier (8).
  3. Tube à rayons X à anode tournante selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le réservoir de lubrifiant (15) est à une distance de l'axe de rotation plus grande que la paire de portées et est formé par une zone symétrique par rapport à l'axe de rotation (16) avec une plus grande distance entre la partie de palier fixe (8) et la partie de palier tournante (9).
  4. Tube à rayons X à anode tournante selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, dans la première partie de palier (8), est prévu un canal supplémentaire (18), qui relie la paire de portées opposées à l'ouverture, dans sa zone éloignée du réservoir de lubrifiant (15), à celle-ci.
EP90200048A 1989-01-12 1990-01-09 Tube à rayons X à anode tournante comportant un palier à glissement, en particulier un palier à rainures spirales Expired - Lifetime EP0378273B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3900729A DE3900729A1 (de) 1989-01-12 1989-01-12 Drehanoden-roentgenroehre mit einem gleitlager, insbesondere einem spiralrillenlager
DE3900729 1989-01-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0378273A2 EP0378273A2 (fr) 1990-07-18
EP0378273A3 EP0378273A3 (fr) 1991-02-06
EP0378273B1 true EP0378273B1 (fr) 1995-05-31

Family

ID=6371944

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90200048A Expired - Lifetime EP0378273B1 (fr) 1989-01-12 1990-01-09 Tube à rayons X à anode tournante comportant un palier à glissement, en particulier un palier à rainures spirales

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5068885A (fr)
EP (1) EP0378273B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2851097B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3900729A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5204890A (en) * 1990-10-01 1993-04-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Rotary anode type x-ray tube
CN1022007C (zh) * 1990-10-05 1993-09-01 东芝株式会社 旋转阳极型x射线管
CN1019926C (zh) * 1990-10-05 1993-02-17 东芝株式会社 旋转阳极型x射线管
CN1024235C (zh) * 1990-10-05 1994-04-13 株式会社东芝 旋转阳极型x射线管
CN1024065C (zh) * 1990-10-19 1994-03-16 株式会社东芝 旋转阳极型x射线管
JP2989050B2 (ja) * 1991-09-19 1999-12-13 株式会社東芝 回転陽極型ｘ線管
US5384819A (en) * 1992-04-08 1995-01-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba X-ray tube of the rotary anode type
DE4339817A1 (de) * 1993-11-23 1995-05-24 Philips Patentverwaltung Drehanoden-Röntgenröhre mit einem Gleitlager
US5483570A (en) * 1994-06-24 1996-01-09 General Electric Company Bearings for x-ray tubes
JP3093581B2 (ja) * 1994-10-13 2000-10-03 株式会社東芝 回転陽極型ｘ線管及びその製造方法
DE19502207A1 (de) * 1995-01-25 1996-08-01 Philips Patentverwaltung Drehanoden-Röntgenröhre mit einem Gleitlager
JP2760781B2 (ja) * 1996-01-31 1998-06-04 株式会社東芝 Ｘ線断層撮影装置
JP2948163B2 (ja) * 1996-02-29 1999-09-13 株式会社東芝 Ｘ線装置
DE19733274A1 (de) * 1997-08-01 1999-02-04 Philips Patentverwaltung Drehanoden-Röntgenröhre mit einem Gleitlager
US6377658B1 (en) 2001-07-27 2002-04-23 General Electric Company Seal for liquid metal bearing assembly
US6891928B2 (en) * 2003-05-07 2005-05-10 Ge Medical Systems Liquid metal gasket in x-ray tubes
US20090103684A1 (en) * 2004-10-26 2009-04-23 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Molybdenum-molybdenum brazing and rotary-anode x-ray tube comprising such a brazing
JP2009081069A (ja) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-16 Toshiba Corp 回転陽極型ｘ線管
DE202014011302U1 (de) 2014-05-28 2019-02-25 Jules Hendrix Röntgengenerator
US10438767B2 (en) 2017-11-30 2019-10-08 General Electric Company Thrust flange for x-ray tube with internal cooling channels

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL6512869A (fr) * 1965-10-05 1967-04-06
DE2815009C2 (de) * 1978-04-07 1983-03-17 Dornier System Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spiralrillenkalottenlagers
DE2845007C2 (de) * 1978-10-16 1983-05-05 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Drehanoden-Röntgenröhre mit einem Metallkolben
JPS5913113A (ja) * 1982-07-09 1984-01-23 Nippon Seiko Kk 動圧形スラスト軸受
DE3368731D1 (en) * 1982-09-02 1987-02-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Dynamic pressure type of fluid bearing device
NL8303832A (nl) * 1983-11-08 1985-06-03 Philips Nv Roentgenbuis met spiraalgroeflager.
NL8400072A (nl) * 1984-01-10 1985-08-01 Philips Nv Roentgenbuis met een spiraalgroeflager.
JPS60159417A (ja) * 1984-01-31 1985-08-20 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 流体軸受装置
NL8601414A (nl) * 1986-06-02 1988-01-04 Philips Nv Roentgenbuis met een draaianode.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0378273A2 (fr) 1990-07-18
EP0378273A3 (fr) 1991-02-06
US5068885A (en) 1991-11-26
JP2851097B2 (ja) 1999-01-27
DE3900729A1 (de) 1990-07-19
JPH02227947A (ja) 1990-09-11
DE59009164D1 (de) 1995-07-06

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