EP0368838A1 - Dispositif de consolidation de formations géologiques non ou peu stables - Google Patents

Dispositif de consolidation de formations géologiques non ou peu stables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0368838A1
EP0368838A1 EP89890281A EP89890281A EP0368838A1 EP 0368838 A1 EP0368838 A1 EP 0368838A1 EP 89890281 A EP89890281 A EP 89890281A EP 89890281 A EP89890281 A EP 89890281A EP 0368838 A1 EP0368838 A1 EP 0368838A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection
channel
anchor
drill
spit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89890281A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0368838B1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Dr.-Ing. Sauer
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0033—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts having a jacket or outer tube
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0053—Anchoring-bolts in the form of lost drilling rods

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for securing non or moderately stable non-cohesive to slightly cohesive geological formations, in particular in the manufacture of tunnels, in which holes are first made in the formation, after completion of the holes, the drill pipe is withdrawn, during which Retracting a hardenable injection compound is pressed into the bore.
  • Injection drill anchors and pre-attachments with pre-attachment plates, pre-attachment skewers and the like represent a further known variant of pre-securing. These safeguards can be introduced on site with relatively little outlay on equipment.
  • a disadvantage of the injection drill anchor is that the drill bit remains in the borehole together with the anchor and is therefore lost. This leads to a relatively high expenditure of expensive material.
  • Injection skewers (aluminum skewers) are also known, in which after drilling a borehole, the drill pipe is removed from the borehole, and an anchor or a skewer is inserted, which is poured into the borehole using a hardenable injection compound.
  • This method has the disadvantage that several operations are required to carry it out, so that only slow work progress can be achieved.
  • the hole can fall between the removal of the drill pipe and the insertion of the aluminum spike, so that further time-consuming operations are required.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a method for securing cavities or embankments which requires little mechanical effort and essentially a single operation.
  • a spike or anchor is inserted into the bore with the drill string, which remains during the extraction in the bore and which is firmly connected to the formation by the injection compound.
  • the expensive drill head can be recovered and reused until it wears out.
  • the injection mass which is pressed in during the pulling of the drill pipe, holds the anchor in place and, after hardening, firmly connects it to the surrounding rock.
  • reliable corrosion protection is achieved in this way.
  • the drill string corresponds essentially to known drill string, with the exception that the bore is enlarged in the axial direction for receiving the armature.
  • the hardenable injection mass is preferably pressed in via the flushing channel of the drill pipe. In this way, a particularly simple construction of the drill pipe can be achieved, since no additional channels are required to introduce the injection compound.
  • a drilling injection screen is first produced by means of anchors or skewers which are inclined outwardly in the direction of advance, the excavation is then carried out under the drilling injection screen, and after the excavation the surrounding mountains are secured by injection anchors.
  • an optimal connection of pre-securing with an additional securing of the surrounding mountains by means of injection anchors can be achieved, which brings about a substantial increase in the load-bearing capacity of the mountains.
  • the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method with a drill pipe which has a channel in the axial direction and which has a drill head at its front end.
  • This method is characterized by an anchor or spit in the channel is ejectable at the front. In this way it is possible for the spit to remain in the borehole together with the drill head while the drill rod is being pulled back. It is also advantageous if the anchor or spike used only fills a part of the cross-sectional area of the channel. In this way, a flushing liquid or an injection compound can be pressed to the drill head in the remaining cross section of the channel.
  • the anchor or spit preferably has at least in one section a cross-section deviating from the circular shape, which is preferably arranged in the region of the drill head and which can be received non-rotatably by a corresponding section of the channel.
  • the front end of the anchor or spike can be equipped with a device for drilling.
  • the device according to the invention consists of a drill head 1 which is fixedly connected to a drill pipe 3.
  • the drill pipe 3 has an annular cross section.
  • the drill head 1 essentially has an oval outer cross section, the large radial dimension 11a of which extends beyond the outer diameter 13 of the drill pipe 3, and the small radial dimension 11b of which essentially corresponds to the outer diameter 13 of the drill pipe. In this way, a bore with a circular cross section is obtained during the advance, the diameter of which corresponds approximately to the large radial dimension 11a of the drill head 1.
  • an anchor 5 is provided, which consists of a cylindrical body 5a and a thickened anchor head 5b.
  • the cylindrical body 5a has a diameter 15 which is significantly smaller than the inner diameter 14 of the drill pipe 3. In this way, an annular space 4 remains free between the armature 5 and the drill pipe 3, through which an irrigation liquid or the like can be pumped to the drill head 1.
  • the thickened anchor head 5b has a substantially oval cross section, the large radial dimension 15b of which is larger than the diameter 15 of the cylindrical body 5a, while the small radial dimension 15a corresponds approximately to the diameter 15 of the cylindrical body 5a.
  • the thickened anchor head 5b of the anchor 5 is guided in a corresponding opening of the drill head 1, so much play being provided that passage of the flushing liquid is possible, but no rotational movement of the anchor 5 relative to the drill head 1 or the drill rod 3 is possible.
  • the armature 5 is provided with a cutting edge 16, which participates in the drilling.
  • the anchor 5 is inserted into the drill pipe 3. This can be done from the front or from the rear depending on the respective requirements. Subsequently, the drill pipe 3 is connected to a blow drilling unit, not shown, in a known manner. Now the drilling head 1 is driven into the mountains to be secured. During the advance, a flushing liquid is pressed through the annular space 4 to the drill head 1 in order to flush away the cuttings. The removal takes place via channels 9, which remain free between the side flats of the drill head 1 and the wall of the bore.
  • the drilling process is ended and a hardenable In instead of the flushing agent Injection compound such as special cement mortar, synthetic resins, plastic / natural material mixtures and the like are pressed through the annular space 4.
  • the drill pipe 3 together with the drill head 1 is withdrawn from the borehole.
  • the pressure exerted on the thickened head 5b by the injection compound ensures that the armature 5 remains in its position. It is completely surrounded by the injection compound so that after the injection compound has hardened it is firmly poured into the borehole.
  • a screen of anchors 5 ' is introduced by means of a drilling carriage 6, on which a percussion drilling device 7 is pivotably arranged, which are arranged radially outward in the direction of advance.
  • the outbreak is carried out, for example, in the following order: 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e.
  • anchors 5 ⁇ are introduced in the radial direction, which produce a vault effect in the surrounding rock, and to which any cladding of the tunnel can be attached.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used for securing slope cuts, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • An inclined slope is first provided with an incision 18a.
  • the flank 19a is secured with anchors 5 ′′′.
  • the incision is then gradually deepened around sections 18b, 18c and 18d.
  • the flanks 19b, 19c, 19d are each secured analogously by means of further anchors, not shown.
  • the method according to the invention allows loose rock to be reliably and easily secured in tunnel construction, but also in related fields of technology. In addition to accelerating the work process, qualitative improvements in tunnel construction can also be achieved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP89890281A 1988-11-03 1989-10-30 Dispositif de consolidation de formations géologiques non ou peu stables Expired - Lifetime EP0368838B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2704/88A AT392517B (de) 1988-11-03 1988-11-03 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur absicherung von nicht bzw. maessig standfesten kohaesionslosen bis leicht kohaesiven geologischen formationen
AT2704/88 1988-11-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0368838A1 true EP0368838A1 (fr) 1990-05-16
EP0368838B1 EP0368838B1 (fr) 1993-08-04

Family

ID=3538986

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89890281A Expired - Lifetime EP0368838B1 (fr) 1988-11-03 1989-10-30 Dispositif de consolidation de formations géologiques non ou peu stables

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4979848A (fr)
EP (1) EP0368838B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2735650B2 (fr)
AT (1) AT392517B (fr)
CA (1) CA2002143A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE58905148D1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2669355A1 (fr) * 1990-11-19 1992-05-22 Bouygues Sa Procede et dispositif pour ameliorer les caracteristiques mecaniques d'un sol dans le cadre de la realisation d'un ouvrage souterrain.
EP0582554A1 (fr) * 1992-08-07 1994-02-09 Giuseppe Franco Darteni Procédé pour la consolidation du sol et tête de forage pour effectuer le procédé
EP3199709A1 (fr) * 2016-02-01 2017-08-02 Blade Offshore Services Ltd. Appareil et procédé pour forer des cavités annulaires
CN113445519A (zh) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-28 中国水利水电第九工程局有限公司 一种用于支护边坡的注浆锚杆施工工艺

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10220197A (ja) * 1996-11-13 1998-08-18 Gerhard Sauer 地質学的な構造物の固定方法および装置
US5951208A (en) * 1997-06-13 1999-09-14 J. H. Fletcher & Co., Inc. Roof bolting method and related apparatus
AT408248B (de) * 1997-06-18 2001-09-25 Techmo Entw & Vertriebs Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum bohren von löchern
CN100402793C (zh) * 2006-10-11 2008-07-16 北京交通大学 低巷道锚杆锚索气动钻机
JP4939260B2 (ja) * 2007-03-07 2012-05-23 鹿島建設株式会社 長尺部材の地中への挿入方法
CN101225735B (zh) * 2008-01-31 2011-05-11 山东交院机械厂 架柱支撑气动钻机
US9175561B2 (en) 2011-06-14 2015-11-03 Shane Brown Resin injection apparatus for drilling apparatus for installing a ground anchor
CN107461200B (zh) * 2017-09-18 2020-02-21 中铁四局集团第五工程有限公司 一种处理盾构机穿越锚索障碍区域锚索的施工工艺
CN109209457B (zh) * 2018-10-26 2020-01-21 辽宁工程技术大学 一种吸能防冲锚索及其使用方法
CN111927515B (zh) * 2020-08-12 2021-08-10 东北大学 抗剪吸能防冲增阻锚索及厚顶煤巷道支卸联耦合防冲方法
CN115217124B (zh) * 2021-04-16 2024-02-13 河北省交通规划设计研究院有限公司 一种用于边坡扩挖的原位支挡结构及施工方法
CN113431598A (zh) * 2021-08-09 2021-09-24 太原理工大学 一种具有新型刀具安装方式的小直径刀盘及隧道掘进机

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3436923A (en) * 1966-07-07 1969-04-08 Atlas Copco Ab Method and equipment for making tension anchors
DE2431113A1 (de) * 1974-06-28 1976-01-15 Takechi Komusho Kk Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einsetzen eines ankers
DE2934116A1 (de) * 1979-08-23 1981-03-26 Beton- und Monierbau Ges.m.b.H., Innsbruck Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erhoehung der standfestigkeit von plastischem, tonig schluffigem gebirge durch entwaessern und zum befestigen von gebirgsankern, insbesondere beim auffahren von unterirdischen hohlraeumen
AT385087B (de) * 1985-11-14 1988-02-10 Sauer Gerhard Verfahren zur absicherung von geologischen formationen und bohrungen zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2667037A (en) * 1949-08-24 1954-01-26 Edward M Thomas Suspension roof support
US3306051A (en) * 1964-02-10 1967-02-28 Howlett Machine Works Rock bolt
GB1257429A (fr) * 1969-05-30 1971-12-15
US3886754A (en) * 1973-07-27 1975-06-03 Lee A Turzillo Method of extending augered pile cavity through rock or like obstruction
DE2408038C3 (de) * 1974-02-20 1980-08-07 Friedrich Karl Dipl.-Ing. Innsbruck Blindow (Oesterreich) Verfahren zur Verminderung von Bodensetzungen beim Ausbau mehrteiliger unterirdischer Hohlräume
US3973409A (en) * 1974-07-05 1976-08-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Takechi Koumusho Apparatus for establishing an anchor
DE2800370C2 (de) * 1978-01-05 1988-11-10 Philipp Holzmann Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einbauen eines Verpreßankers in eine Bodenformation gegen drückendes Wasser
US4253781A (en) * 1979-03-08 1981-03-03 Philipp Holzmann Aktiengesellschaft Method and an apparatus for providing a grouted anchorage against hydrostatic pressure
USRE32076E (en) * 1980-04-03 1986-02-04 A. B. Chance Company Modular screw anchor having lead point non-integral with helix plate
DE3524926A1 (de) * 1985-07-12 1987-01-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zum begasen und verschliessen eines verpackungsbehaelters
US4718791A (en) * 1985-11-15 1988-01-12 Schnabel Foundation Company High capacity tieback installation method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3436923A (en) * 1966-07-07 1969-04-08 Atlas Copco Ab Method and equipment for making tension anchors
DE2431113A1 (de) * 1974-06-28 1976-01-15 Takechi Komusho Kk Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einsetzen eines ankers
DE2934116A1 (de) * 1979-08-23 1981-03-26 Beton- und Monierbau Ges.m.b.H., Innsbruck Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erhoehung der standfestigkeit von plastischem, tonig schluffigem gebirge durch entwaessern und zum befestigen von gebirgsankern, insbesondere beim auffahren von unterirdischen hohlraeumen
AT385087B (de) * 1985-11-14 1988-02-10 Sauer Gerhard Verfahren zur absicherung von geologischen formationen und bohrungen zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2669355A1 (fr) * 1990-11-19 1992-05-22 Bouygues Sa Procede et dispositif pour ameliorer les caracteristiques mecaniques d'un sol dans le cadre de la realisation d'un ouvrage souterrain.
EP0582554A1 (fr) * 1992-08-07 1994-02-09 Giuseppe Franco Darteni Procédé pour la consolidation du sol et tête de forage pour effectuer le procédé
EP3199709A1 (fr) * 2016-02-01 2017-08-02 Blade Offshore Services Ltd. Appareil et procédé pour forer des cavités annulaires
CN113445519A (zh) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-28 中国水利水电第九工程局有限公司 一种用于支护边坡的注浆锚杆施工工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA270488A (de) 1990-09-15
DE58905148D1 (de) 1993-09-09
US4979848A (en) 1990-12-25
JPH02232500A (ja) 1990-09-14
EP0368838B1 (fr) 1993-08-04
AT392517B (de) 1991-04-25
JP2735650B2 (ja) 1998-04-02
CA2002143A1 (fr) 1990-05-03

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