EP0368838A1 - Device for the consolidation of geological formations having no or only little stability - Google Patents

Device for the consolidation of geological formations having no or only little stability Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0368838A1
EP0368838A1 EP89890281A EP89890281A EP0368838A1 EP 0368838 A1 EP0368838 A1 EP 0368838A1 EP 89890281 A EP89890281 A EP 89890281A EP 89890281 A EP89890281 A EP 89890281A EP 0368838 A1 EP0368838 A1 EP 0368838A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection
channel
anchor
drill
spit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89890281A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0368838B1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Dr.-Ing. Sauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0368838A1 publication Critical patent/EP0368838A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0368838B1 publication Critical patent/EP0368838B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0033—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts having a jacket or outer tube
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0053—Anchoring-bolts in the form of lost drilling rods

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for securing non or moderately stable non-cohesive to slightly cohesive geological formations, in particular in the manufacture of tunnels, in which holes are first made in the formation, after completion of the holes, the drill pipe is withdrawn, during which Retracting a hardenable injection compound is pressed into the bore.
  • Injection drill anchors and pre-attachments with pre-attachment plates, pre-attachment skewers and the like represent a further known variant of pre-securing. These safeguards can be introduced on site with relatively little outlay on equipment.
  • a disadvantage of the injection drill anchor is that the drill bit remains in the borehole together with the anchor and is therefore lost. This leads to a relatively high expenditure of expensive material.
  • Injection skewers (aluminum skewers) are also known, in which after drilling a borehole, the drill pipe is removed from the borehole, and an anchor or a skewer is inserted, which is poured into the borehole using a hardenable injection compound.
  • This method has the disadvantage that several operations are required to carry it out, so that only slow work progress can be achieved.
  • the hole can fall between the removal of the drill pipe and the insertion of the aluminum spike, so that further time-consuming operations are required.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a method for securing cavities or embankments which requires little mechanical effort and essentially a single operation.
  • a spike or anchor is inserted into the bore with the drill string, which remains during the extraction in the bore and which is firmly connected to the formation by the injection compound.
  • the expensive drill head can be recovered and reused until it wears out.
  • the injection mass which is pressed in during the pulling of the drill pipe, holds the anchor in place and, after hardening, firmly connects it to the surrounding rock.
  • reliable corrosion protection is achieved in this way.
  • the drill string corresponds essentially to known drill string, with the exception that the bore is enlarged in the axial direction for receiving the armature.
  • the hardenable injection mass is preferably pressed in via the flushing channel of the drill pipe. In this way, a particularly simple construction of the drill pipe can be achieved, since no additional channels are required to introduce the injection compound.
  • a drilling injection screen is first produced by means of anchors or skewers which are inclined outwardly in the direction of advance, the excavation is then carried out under the drilling injection screen, and after the excavation the surrounding mountains are secured by injection anchors.
  • an optimal connection of pre-securing with an additional securing of the surrounding mountains by means of injection anchors can be achieved, which brings about a substantial increase in the load-bearing capacity of the mountains.
  • the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method with a drill pipe which has a channel in the axial direction and which has a drill head at its front end.
  • This method is characterized by an anchor or spit in the channel is ejectable at the front. In this way it is possible for the spit to remain in the borehole together with the drill head while the drill rod is being pulled back. It is also advantageous if the anchor or spike used only fills a part of the cross-sectional area of the channel. In this way, a flushing liquid or an injection compound can be pressed to the drill head in the remaining cross section of the channel.
  • the anchor or spit preferably has at least in one section a cross-section deviating from the circular shape, which is preferably arranged in the region of the drill head and which can be received non-rotatably by a corresponding section of the channel.
  • the front end of the anchor or spike can be equipped with a device for drilling.
  • the device according to the invention consists of a drill head 1 which is fixedly connected to a drill pipe 3.
  • the drill pipe 3 has an annular cross section.
  • the drill head 1 essentially has an oval outer cross section, the large radial dimension 11a of which extends beyond the outer diameter 13 of the drill pipe 3, and the small radial dimension 11b of which essentially corresponds to the outer diameter 13 of the drill pipe. In this way, a bore with a circular cross section is obtained during the advance, the diameter of which corresponds approximately to the large radial dimension 11a of the drill head 1.
  • an anchor 5 is provided, which consists of a cylindrical body 5a and a thickened anchor head 5b.
  • the cylindrical body 5a has a diameter 15 which is significantly smaller than the inner diameter 14 of the drill pipe 3. In this way, an annular space 4 remains free between the armature 5 and the drill pipe 3, through which an irrigation liquid or the like can be pumped to the drill head 1.
  • the thickened anchor head 5b has a substantially oval cross section, the large radial dimension 15b of which is larger than the diameter 15 of the cylindrical body 5a, while the small radial dimension 15a corresponds approximately to the diameter 15 of the cylindrical body 5a.
  • the thickened anchor head 5b of the anchor 5 is guided in a corresponding opening of the drill head 1, so much play being provided that passage of the flushing liquid is possible, but no rotational movement of the anchor 5 relative to the drill head 1 or the drill rod 3 is possible.
  • the armature 5 is provided with a cutting edge 16, which participates in the drilling.
  • the anchor 5 is inserted into the drill pipe 3. This can be done from the front or from the rear depending on the respective requirements. Subsequently, the drill pipe 3 is connected to a blow drilling unit, not shown, in a known manner. Now the drilling head 1 is driven into the mountains to be secured. During the advance, a flushing liquid is pressed through the annular space 4 to the drill head 1 in order to flush away the cuttings. The removal takes place via channels 9, which remain free between the side flats of the drill head 1 and the wall of the bore.
  • the drilling process is ended and a hardenable In instead of the flushing agent Injection compound such as special cement mortar, synthetic resins, plastic / natural material mixtures and the like are pressed through the annular space 4.
  • the drill pipe 3 together with the drill head 1 is withdrawn from the borehole.
  • the pressure exerted on the thickened head 5b by the injection compound ensures that the armature 5 remains in its position. It is completely surrounded by the injection compound so that after the injection compound has hardened it is firmly poured into the borehole.
  • a screen of anchors 5 ' is introduced by means of a drilling carriage 6, on which a percussion drilling device 7 is pivotably arranged, which are arranged radially outward in the direction of advance.
  • the outbreak is carried out, for example, in the following order: 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e.
  • anchors 5 ⁇ are introduced in the radial direction, which produce a vault effect in the surrounding rock, and to which any cladding of the tunnel can be attached.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used for securing slope cuts, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • An inclined slope is first provided with an incision 18a.
  • the flank 19a is secured with anchors 5 ′′′.
  • the incision is then gradually deepened around sections 18b, 18c and 18d.
  • the flanks 19b, 19c, 19d are each secured analogously by means of further anchors, not shown.
  • the method according to the invention allows loose rock to be reliably and easily secured in tunnel construction, but also in related fields of technology. In addition to accelerating the work process, qualitative improvements in tunnel construction can also be achieved.

Abstract

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Absicherung von nicht bzw. mäßig standfesten kohäsionslosen bis leicht kohäsiven geologischen Formationen, insbesonders bei der Herstellung von Tunneln, bei dem zunächst Bohrungen in die Formation eingebracht werden, nach Fertigstellung der Bohrungen das Bohrgestänge (3) zurückgezogen wird, wobei während des Zurückziehens eine erhärtbare Injektionsmasse in die Bohrung eingepreßt wird, wobei mit dem Bohrgestänge (3) ein Spieß oder Anker (5) in die Bohrung eingebracht wird, der während des Herausziehens in der Bohrung verbleibt und durch die Injektionsmasse fest mit der Formation verbunden wird.Method and device for securing non or moderately stable non-cohesive to slightly cohesive geological formations, especially in the manufacture of tunnels, in which holes are first made in the formation, after completion of the holes, the drill pipe (3) is withdrawn, during which Withdrawal, a hardenable injection compound is pressed into the bore, the drill rod (3) being used to insert a spit or anchor (5) into the bore, which remains in the bore during extraction and is firmly connected to the formation by the injection compound.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Absicherung von nicht bzw. mäßig standfesten kohäsionslosen bis leicht kohäsiven geologischen Formationen, insbesonders bei der Herstellung von Tunneln, bei dem zunächst Bohrungen in die Formation eingebracht werden, nach Fertigstellung der Bohrungen das Bohrgestänge zurückgezogen wird, wobei während des Zurückziehens eine erhärtbare Injektionsmasse in die Bohrung eingepreßt wird.The present invention relates to a method for securing non or moderately stable non-cohesive to slightly cohesive geological formations, in particular in the manufacture of tunnels, in which holes are first made in the formation, after completion of the holes, the drill pipe is withdrawn, during which Retracting a hardenable injection compound is pressed into the bore.

Im Hohlraumbau werden längere Vortriebe in Weichge­steinen bzw. Lockergesteinen entweder vermieden oder mittels aufwendiger Maschinentechnik wie z.B. Schilde, hydrogestützte Ortsbrust u. dgl. oder mit umfangreichen Injektionsmaßnahmen bzw. mit Gefrierverfahren durchgeführt.In cavity construction, longer drives in soft rock or loose rock are either avoided or by means of complex machine technology such as Shields, hydro-assisted face and Like. Or carried out with extensive injection measures or with freezing processes.

Ein weiteres kompliziertes und teures Verfahren be­steht in der Kombination von Druckluft und der neuen österrei­chischen Tunnelbauweise. Diese Verfahren haben den Nachteil, daß zu ihrer Durchführung ein großer maschineller Aufwand er­forderlich ist. Insbesondere für kürzere Tunnels bzw. für den Fall, daß nur kleinere Abschnitte eines längeren Tunnels wegen Lockergesteines aufwendigere Stützmaßnahmen erfordern, sind solche Verfahren nicht mit vertretbarem Aufwand anwendbar.Another complicated and expensive process is the combination of compressed air and the new Austrian tunnel construction. The disadvantage of these methods is that a large amount of mechanical effort is required to carry them out. In particular for shorter tunnels or in the event that only smaller sections of a longer tunnel require more complex support measures due to loose rock, such methods cannot be used with reasonable effort.

Eine weitere bekannte Variante der Voraussicherung stellen Injektionsbohranker sowie Vorpfändungen mit Vorpfänd­blechen, Vorpfändspießen und ähnlichem dar. Diese Sicherungen können mit relativ geringen apparativem Aufwand vor Ort einge­bracht werden. Nachteilig ist jedoch beim Injektionsbohranker, daß die Bohrkrone zusammen mit dem Anker im Bohrloch ver­bleibt, und damit verloren ist. Dies führt zu relativ hohem Aufwand an teurem Material.Injection drill anchors and pre-attachments with pre-attachment plates, pre-attachment skewers and the like represent a further known variant of pre-securing. These safeguards can be introduced on site with relatively little outlay on equipment. However, a disadvantage of the injection drill anchor is that the drill bit remains in the borehole together with the anchor and is therefore lost. This leads to a relatively high expenditure of expensive material.

Weiters sind Injektionsspieße (Aluvialspieße) be­kannt, bei denen nach Erstellung eines Bohrloches das Bohrge­stänge aus der Bohrung entfernt wird, und ein Anker bzw. ein Spieß eingeführt wird, der mittels einer erhärtbaren Injek­tionsmasse in das Bohrloch eingegossen wird. Dieses Verfahren hat den Nachteil, daß mehrere Arbeitsgänge zur Durchführung erforderlich sind, sodaß nur ein langsamer Arbeitsfortschritt erzielbar ist. Weiters kann die Bohrung zwischen dem Entfernen des Bohrgestänges und dem Einführen des Aluvialspießes zufal­len, sodaß weitere zeitaufwendige Arbeitsvorgänge erforderlich sind.Injection skewers (aluminum skewers) are also known, in which after drilling a borehole, the drill pipe is removed from the borehole, and an anchor or a skewer is inserted, which is poured into the borehole using a hardenable injection compound. This method has the disadvantage that several operations are required to carry it out, so that only slow work progress can be achieved. Furthermore, the hole can fall between the removal of the drill pipe and the insertion of the aluminum spike, so that further time-consuming operations are required.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, die genann­ten Nachteile zu vermeiden und ein Verfahren zur Absicherung von Hohlräumen bzw. Böschungen zu schaffen, das mit geringem maschinellen Aufwand und im wesentlichen einem einzigen Ar­beitsgang auskommt.The object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a method for securing cavities or embankments which requires little mechanical effort and essentially a single operation.

Erfindungsgemäß ist daher vorgesehen, daß mit dem Bohrgestänge ein Spieß oder Anker in die Bohrung eingebracht wird, der während des Herausziehens in der Bohrung verbleibt und der durch die Injektionsmasse fest mit der Formation verbunden wird. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, daß außer dem Bohren und dem Herausziehen des Bohrers keine zusätzlichen Arbeitsgänge erforderlich sind. Der teure Bohrkopf kann dabei wiedergewonnen werden und bis zu seiner Abnützung wieterverwendet werden. Die Injektionsmasse, die während des Ziehens des Bohrgestänges durch dieses eingepreßt wird, hält den Anker in seiner Lage fest, und verbindet ihn nach dem Aushärten fest mit dem umgebenden Gestein. Weiters wird auf diese Weise ein zuverlässiger Korrosionsschutz erzielt. Das Bohrgestänge entspricht im wesentlichen bekannten Bohrgestängen mit der Ausnahme, daß die Bohrung in axialer Richtung zur Aufnahme des Ankers vergrößert ist.According to the invention it is therefore provided that a spike or anchor is inserted into the bore with the drill string, which remains during the extraction in the bore and which is firmly connected to the formation by the injection compound. In this way it is achieved that, apart from drilling and pulling out the drill, no additional operations are required. The expensive drill head can be recovered and reused until it wears out. The injection mass, which is pressed in during the pulling of the drill pipe, holds the anchor in place and, after hardening, firmly connects it to the surrounding rock. In addition, reliable corrosion protection is achieved in this way. The drill string corresponds essentially to known drill string, with the exception that the bore is enlarged in the axial direction for receiving the armature.

Vorzugsweise wird die erhärtbare Injektionsmasse über den Spülkanal des Bohrgestänges eingepreßt. Auf diese Weise kann ein besonders einfacher Aufbau des Bohrgestänges erzielt werden, da keinerlei zusätzlich Kanäle zum Einbringen der In­jektionsmasse erforderlich sind.The hardenable injection mass is preferably pressed in via the flushing channel of the drill pipe. In this way, a particularly simple construction of the drill pipe can be achieved, since no additional channels are required to introduce the injection compound.

Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß zunächst ein Bohrinjek­tionsschirm mittels schräg in Vortriebsrichtung nach außen ge­neigter Anker oder Spieße hergestellt wird, darauf der Aus­bruch unter dem Bohrinjektionsschirm durchgeführt wird, und nach dem Ausbruch das umgebende Gebirge mittels Injektionsan­kern gesichert wird. Auf diese Weise kann eine optimale Ver­bindung einer Voraussicherung mit einer zusätzlichen Sicherung des umgebenden Gebirges durch Injektionsanker erzielt werden, die eine wesentliche Erhöhung der Tragfestigkeit des Gebirges bewirkt.It can be provided that a drilling injection screen is first produced by means of anchors or skewers which are inclined outwardly in the direction of advance, the excavation is then carried out under the drilling injection screen, and after the excavation the surrounding mountains are secured by injection anchors. In this way, an optimal connection of pre-securing with an additional securing of the surrounding mountains by means of injection anchors can be achieved, which brings about a substantial increase in the load-bearing capacity of the mountains.

Weiters betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens mit einem Bohrgestänge, das in axialer Richtung einen Kanal aufweist, und das an seinem vor­deren Ende einen Bohrkopf besitzt. Dieses Verfahren ist da­durch gekennzeichnet daß im Kanal ein Anker oder Spieß nach vorne ausstoßbar aufnehmbar ist. Auf diese Weise ist es mög­lich, daß der Spieß während des Zurückziehens des Bohregestän­ges samt Bohrkopf im Bohrloch verbleibt. Es ist weiters vor­teilhaft, wenn der eingesetzte Anker oder Spieß nur einen Teil der Querschnittsfläche des Kanals ausfüllt. Auf diese Weise kann eine Spülflüssigkeit oder eine Injektionsmasse in dem verbleibenden Querschnitt des Kanals zum Bohrkopf gepreßt wer­den.Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method with a drill pipe which has a channel in the axial direction and which has a drill head at its front end. This method is characterized by an anchor or spit in the channel is ejectable at the front. In this way it is possible for the spit to remain in the borehole together with the drill head while the drill rod is being pulled back. It is also advantageous if the anchor or spike used only fills a part of the cross-sectional area of the channel. In this way, a flushing liquid or an injection compound can be pressed to the drill head in the remaining cross section of the channel.

Vorzugsweise weist der Anker oder Spieß zumindest in einem Abschnitt einen von der Kreisform abweichenden Quer­schnitt auf, der vorzugsweise im Bereich des Bohrkopfes ange­ordnet ist, und der unverdrehbar von einem entsprechenden Ab­schnitt des Kanals aufnehmbar ist. Insbesonders kann das vor­dere Ende des Ankers oder Spießes mit einer Einrichtung zum Bohren ausgestattet sein. Durch eine drehmomentfeste Verbin­dung des Ankers oder Spießes mit dem Bohrkopf bzw. dem Bohrge­stänge und der Anordnung einer Schneide an der Spitze des An­kers kann erreicht werden, daß der Anker beim Bohren beteiligt ist. Auf diese Weise kann der Druck auf diesen Anker während des Bohrens wesentlich verringert werden.The anchor or spit preferably has at least in one section a cross-section deviating from the circular shape, which is preferably arranged in the region of the drill head and which can be received non-rotatably by a corresponding section of the channel. In particular, the front end of the anchor or spike can be equipped with a device for drilling. Through a torque-proof connection of the armature or spit to the drill head or the drill rod and the arrangement of a cutting edge at the tip of the armature, it can be achieved that the armature is involved in the drilling. In this way, the pressure on this anchor can be significantly reduced during drilling.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand des in den Fi­guren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.

  • Die Figur 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in einer Ansicht in axialer Richtung.
  • Die Figur 2 ist ein Schnitt nach Linie II-II in Figur 1.
  • Die Figur 3 ein Schnitt nach Linie III-III in Figur 1.
  • Die Figur 4 zeigt die Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung beim Tunnel­vortrieb im Längsschnitt.
  • Die Figur 5 ist ein Schnitt nach Linie V-V in Figur 4.
  • Die Figur 6 zeigt eine Sicherung eines Hangeinschnit­tes im Schnitt.
  • Die Figur 7 die Sicherung gegen eine Hangrutschung im Schnitt.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of the exemplary embodiment illustrated in the figures.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention in a view in the axial direction.
  • FIG. 2 is a section along line II-II in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section along line III-III in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows the use of the method and the device according to the invention in tunneling in longitudinal section.
  • FIG. 5 is a section along line VV in FIG. 4.
  • Figure 6 shows a backup of a slope incision in section.
  • 7 shows the protection against a landslide on average.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung besteht aus einem Bohrkopf 1, der fest mit einem Bohrgestänge 3 verbunden ist. Das Bohrgestänge 3 hat einen kreisringförmigen Querschnitt. Auf der Vorderseite des Bohrkopfes 1 sind Hartmetallschneiden 2 für den Vortrieb vorgesehen. Der Bohrkopf 1 hat im wesentli­chen einen ovalen Außenquerschnitt dessen große radiale Abmes­sung 11a über den Außendurchmesser 13 des Bohrgestänges 3 hinausgeht, und dessen kleine radiale Abmessung 11b im wesentlichen dem Außendurchmesser 13 des Bohrgestänges entspricht. Auf diese Weise wird beim Vortrieb eine Bohrung mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt erzielt, deren Durchmesser etwa der großen radialen Abmessung 11a des Bohrkopfes 1 entspricht. Im Inneren des Bohrgestänges 3 ist ein Anker 5 vorgesehen, der aus einem zylindrischen Körper 5a und einem verdickten Ankerkopf 5b besteht. Der zylindrische Körper 5a hat dabei einen Durchmesser 15, der deutlich kleiner als der Innendurchmesser 14 des Bohrgestänges 3 ist. Auf diese Weise bleibt zwischen dem Anker 5 und dem Bohrgestänge 3 ein Ringraum 4 frei, durch den eine Spülflüssigkeit od. dgl. zum Bohrkopf 1 gepumpt werden kann. Der verdickte Ankerkopf 5b hat einen im wesentlichen ovalen Querschnitt, dessen große radiale Abmessung 15b größer als der Durchmesser 15 des zylindrischen Körpers 5a ist, während die kleine radiale Abmessung 15a etwa dem Durchmesser 15 des zylindrischen Körpers 5a entspricht. Der verdickte Ankerkopf 5b des Ankers 5 ist in einer entsprechenden Öffnung des Bohrkopfes 1 geführt, wobei soviel Spiel vorgesehen ist, daß der Durchtritt der Spülflüssigkeit möglich ist, jedoch keine Drehbewegung des Ankers 5 gegenüber dem Bohrkopf 1 bzw. dem Bohrgestänge 3 möglich ist. An seiner Spitze ist der Anker 5 mit einer Schneide 16 versehen, die beim Bohren mitwirkt.The device according to the invention consists of a drill head 1 which is fixedly connected to a drill pipe 3. The drill pipe 3 has an annular cross section. On the front of the drill head 1 there are hard metal cutting edges 2 intended for tunneling. The drill head 1 essentially has an oval outer cross section, the large radial dimension 11a of which extends beyond the outer diameter 13 of the drill pipe 3, and the small radial dimension 11b of which essentially corresponds to the outer diameter 13 of the drill pipe. In this way, a bore with a circular cross section is obtained during the advance, the diameter of which corresponds approximately to the large radial dimension 11a of the drill head 1. In the interior of the drill pipe 3, an anchor 5 is provided, which consists of a cylindrical body 5a and a thickened anchor head 5b. The cylindrical body 5a has a diameter 15 which is significantly smaller than the inner diameter 14 of the drill pipe 3. In this way, an annular space 4 remains free between the armature 5 and the drill pipe 3, through which an irrigation liquid or the like can be pumped to the drill head 1. The thickened anchor head 5b has a substantially oval cross section, the large radial dimension 15b of which is larger than the diameter 15 of the cylindrical body 5a, while the small radial dimension 15a corresponds approximately to the diameter 15 of the cylindrical body 5a. The thickened anchor head 5b of the anchor 5 is guided in a corresponding opening of the drill head 1, so much play being provided that passage of the flushing liquid is possible, but no rotational movement of the anchor 5 relative to the drill head 1 or the drill rod 3 is possible. At its tip, the armature 5 is provided with a cutting edge 16, which participates in the drilling.

Bei der Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung werden folgende Arbeitsschritte durchgeführt: In das Bohrge­stänge 3 wird der Anker 5 eingeführt. Dies kann in Abhängig­keit von den jeweiligen Erfordernissen von vorne oder von hin­ten geschehen. Im Anschluß daran wird das Bohrgestänge 3 mit einer nicht dargestellten Schlagbohreinheit in bekannter Weise verbunden. Nun erfolgt der Vortrieb des Bohrkopfes 1 in das zu sichernde Gebirge. Während des Vortriebs wird in üblicher Weise eine Spülflüssigkeit durch den Ringraum 4 zum Bohrkopf 1 gepreßt, um das Bohrklein wegzuspülen. Der Abtransport erfolgt über Kanäle 9, die zwischen seitlichen Abflachungen des Bohr­kopfes 1 und der Wandung der Bohrung freibleiben. Sobald die Bohrung die endgültige Tiefe erreicht hat, wird der Bohrvor­gang beendet, und anstelle des Spülmittels eine erhärtbare In­ jektionsmasse wie z.B. Spezialzementmörtel, Kunstharze, Kunst­stoffnaturstoffgemische und ähnliches durch den Ringraum 4 eingepreßt. Gleichzeitig wird das Bohrgestänge 3 samt Bohrkopf 1 aus dem Bohrloch zurückgezogen. Durch den auf dem verdickten Kopf 5b von der Injektionsmasse ausgeübten Druck wird er­reicht, daß der Anker 5 in seiner Stellung verbleibt. Er wird dabei vollständig von der Injektionsmasse umgeben, sodaß er nach Erhärten der Injektionsmasse fest in das Bohrloch einge­gossen ist.The following work steps are carried out when using the device according to the invention: the anchor 5 is inserted into the drill pipe 3. This can be done from the front or from the rear depending on the respective requirements. Subsequently, the drill pipe 3 is connected to a blow drilling unit, not shown, in a known manner. Now the drilling head 1 is driven into the mountains to be secured. During the advance, a flushing liquid is pressed through the annular space 4 to the drill head 1 in order to flush away the cuttings. The removal takes place via channels 9, which remain free between the side flats of the drill head 1 and the wall of the bore. As soon as the drilling has reached the final depth, the drilling process is ended and a hardenable In instead of the flushing agent Injection compound such as special cement mortar, synthetic resins, plastic / natural material mixtures and the like are pressed through the annular space 4. At the same time, the drill pipe 3 together with the drill head 1 is withdrawn from the borehole. The pressure exerted on the thickened head 5b by the injection compound ensures that the armature 5 remains in its position. It is completely surrounded by the injection compound so that after the injection compound has hardened it is firmly poured into the borehole.

Bei den in den Figuren 4 und 5 dargestellten Tunnel­vortrieb wird mittels eines Bohrwagens 6, auf dem eine Schlag­bohreinrichtung 7 schwenkbar angeordnet ist, ein Schirm von Ankern 5′ eingebracht, die in Vortriebsrichtung radial nach außen angeordnet sind. Nach dem Setzen mehrerer dieser An­ker 5′ wird der Ausbruch beispielsweise in folgender Reihen­folge durchgeführt: 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e. Zur endgültigen Absi­cherung des Tunnels werden weiters Anker 5˝ in radialer Rich­tung eingebracht, die eine Gewölbewirkung beim umgebenden Ge­stein erzeugen, und an denen eine etwaige Verkleidung des Tunnels befestigt werden kann.In the tunneling shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a screen of anchors 5 'is introduced by means of a drilling carriage 6, on which a percussion drilling device 7 is pivotably arranged, which are arranged radially outward in the direction of advance. After setting several of these anchors 5 ', the outbreak is carried out, for example, in the following order: 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e. To finally secure the tunnel, anchors 5˝ are introduced in the radial direction, which produce a vault effect in the surrounding rock, and to which any cladding of the tunnel can be attached.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann weiters bei der Absicherung von Hangeinschnitten angewendet werden, wie dies in Figur 6 dargestellt ist. Ein geneigter Hang wird zunächst mit einem Einschnitt 18a versehen. Die Flanke 19a wird mit An­kern 5‴ abgesichert. In weiterer Folge wird der Einschnitt schrittweise um die Abschnitte 18b, 18c und 18d vertieft. Die Flanken 19b, 19c, 19d werden jeweils analog mittels weiterer nicht dargestellter Anker abgesichert.The method according to the invention can also be used for securing slope cuts, as shown in FIG. 6. An inclined slope is first provided with an incision 18a. The flank 19a is secured with anchors 5 ‴. The incision is then gradually deepened around sections 18b, 18c and 18d. The flanks 19b, 19c, 19d are each secured analogously by means of further anchors, not shown.

Wie in Figur 7 dargestellt, ist es weiters auch mög­lich, Hangrutschungen zu vermeiden. Falls es zu befürchten ist, daß Lockergesteinsmassen 21 von einem Hang 20 abrutschen, kann man durch kreuzweises Anbringen von Ankern 5IV eine sol­che Rutschung verhindern.As shown in Figure 7, it is also possible to avoid landslides. If it is to be feared that loose rock masses 21 will slide off a slope 20, such slipping can be prevented by crosswise attachment of anchors 5 IV .

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erlaubt es, im Tunnel­bau, aber auch in verwandten Gebieten der Technik Lockerge­steine zuverlässig und einfach zu sichern. Neben einer Be­schleunigung des Arbeitsvorganges können auch qualitative Ver­besserungen beim Tunnelbau erzielt werden.The method according to the invention allows loose rock to be reliably and easily secured in tunnel construction, but also in related fields of technology. In addition to accelerating the work process, qualitative improvements in tunnel construction can also be achieved.

Claims (9)

1. Verfahren zur Absicherung von nicht bzw. mäßig standfesten kohäsionslosen bis leicht kohäsiven geologischen Formationen insbesonders bei der Herstellung von Tunneln, bei dem zunächst Bohrungen in die Formation eingebracht werden, nach Fertig­stellung der Bohrungen das Bohrgestänge (3) zurückgezogen wird, wobei während des Zurückziehens eine erhärtbare Injek­tionsmasse in die Bohrung eingepreßt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit dem Bohrgestänge (3) ein Spieß oder Anker (5) in die Bohrung eingebracht wird, der während des Herausziehens in der Bohrung verbleibt und der durch die Injektionsmasse fest mit der Formation verbunden wird.1.Procedure for securing non-or moderately stable non-cohesive to slightly cohesive geological formations, especially in the manufacture of tunnels, in which holes are first made in the formation, after completion of the holes, the drill pipe (3) is withdrawn, during the withdrawal a hardenable injection compound is pressed into the bore, characterized in that a spike or anchor (5) is introduced into the bore with the drill rod (3), which remains in the bore during extraction and which is firmly connected to the formation by the injection compound becomes. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erhärtbare Injektionsmasse über den Spülkanal des Bohrgestän­ges (3) eingepreßt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hardenable injection mass is pressed in via the flushing channel of the drill pipe (3). 3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, bei dem zunächst ein Bohrinjektionsschirm mittels schräg in Vortriebs­richtung und nach außen geneigter Anker (5′) oder Spiieße her­gestellt wird, darauf der Ausbruch unter dem Bohrinjektions­schirm durchgeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Ausbruch das umgebende Gebirge mittels Injektionsankern (5˝) gesichert wird.3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, in which a drilling injection screen is first produced by means of obliquely in the forward direction and outwardly inclined armature (5 ') or skewers, then the excavation is carried out under the drilling injection screen, characterized in that after the outbreak the surrounding mountains are secured with injection anchors (5˝). 4. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 mit einem Bohrgestänge (3), das in axialer Richtung einen Kanal aufweist, und das an seinem vorderen Ende einen Bohrkopf (1) besitzt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Ka­nal ein Anker (5) oder Spieß nach vorne ausstoßbar aufnehmbar ist.4. Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 3 with a drill pipe (3) which has a channel in the axial direction and which has a drill head (1) at its front end, characterized in that an anchor in the channel (5) or skewer is ejectable to the front. 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der eingesetzte Anker (5) oder Spieß nur einen Teil der Quer­schnittsfläche des Kanals ausfüllt.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the anchor used (5) or spit fills only part of the cross-sectional area of the channel. 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem eingesetzten Anker (5) oder Spieß und der Wand des Kanals ein Ringraum (4) freibleibt, sowie daß eine Pump­ einrichtung vorgesehen ist, die mit dem Ringraum verbunden ist, wobei sowohl ein Spülmedium als auch eine Injektionsmasse durch den Ringraum (4) einpreßbar ist.6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that an annular space (4) remains free between the inserted anchor (5) or spit and the wall of the channel, and that a pump device is provided which is connected to the annular space, both a flushing medium and an injection compound being able to be pressed in through the annular space (4). 7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß der Anker (5) oder Spieß zumindest in einem Abschnitt einen von der Kreisform abweichenden Querschnitt aufweist, der vorzugsweise im Bereich des Bohrkopfes (1) ange­ordnet ist, und der unverdrehbar von einem entsprechenden Ab­schnitt des Kanals aufnehmbar ist.7. Device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the armature (5) or spit has at least in one section a cross-section deviating from the circular shape, which is preferably arranged in the region of the drill head (1), and the non-rotatable of a corresponding section of the channel is receivable. 8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das vordere Ende des Ankers oder Spießes mit einer Einrichtung zum Bohren ausgestattet ist.8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the front end of the armature or spit is equipped with a device for drilling. 9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß der Bohrkopf (1) außen Schlitze oder Abfla­chungen aufweist, in denen das Bohrklein abgeführt werden kann.9. Device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the drill head (1) has slots or flats on the outside, in which the cuttings can be removed.
EP89890281A 1988-11-03 1989-10-30 Device for the consolidation of geological formations having no or only little stability Expired - Lifetime EP0368838B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2704/88 1988-11-03
AT2704/88A AT392517B (en) 1988-11-03 1988-11-03 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SECURING NON OR. Moderately stable, non-cohesive to slightly cohesive geological formations

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0368838A1 true EP0368838A1 (en) 1990-05-16
EP0368838B1 EP0368838B1 (en) 1993-08-04

Family

ID=3538986

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89890281A Expired - Lifetime EP0368838B1 (en) 1988-11-03 1989-10-30 Device for the consolidation of geological formations having no or only little stability

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4979848A (en)
EP (1) EP0368838B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2735650B2 (en)
AT (1) AT392517B (en)
CA (1) CA2002143A1 (en)
DE (1) DE58905148D1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2669355A1 (en) * 1990-11-19 1992-05-22 Bouygues Sa Method and device for improving the mechanical characteristics of ground within the scope of producing an underground construction
EP0582554A1 (en) * 1992-08-07 1994-02-09 Giuseppe Franco Darteni Method for consolidating soil and piercing bit for performing the method
EP3199709A1 (en) * 2016-02-01 2017-08-02 Blade Offshore Services Ltd. Apparatus and method for drilling annular cavities
CN113445519A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-28 中国水利水电第九工程局有限公司 Grouting anchor rod construction process for supporting side slope

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10220197A (en) * 1996-11-13 1998-08-18 Gerhard Sauer Method and equipment for fixing geological structure
US5951208A (en) * 1997-06-13 1999-09-14 J. H. Fletcher & Co., Inc. Roof bolting method and related apparatus
AT408248B (en) * 1997-06-18 2001-09-25 Techmo Entw & Vertriebs Gmbh METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DRILLING HOLES
CN100402793C (en) * 2006-10-11 2008-07-16 北京交通大学 Low tunnel rockbolt anchorage cable pneumatic drilling machine
JP4939260B2 (en) * 2007-03-07 2012-05-23 鹿島建設株式会社 Inserting long members into the ground
CN101225735B (en) * 2008-01-31 2011-05-11 山东交院机械厂 Trestle supporting pneumatic drilling machine
US9175561B2 (en) 2011-06-14 2015-11-03 Shane Brown Resin injection apparatus for drilling apparatus for installing a ground anchor
CN107461200B (en) * 2017-09-18 2020-02-21 中铁四局集团第五工程有限公司 Construction process for treating anchor cable of shield machine passing through anchor cable obstacle area
CN109209457B (en) * 2018-10-26 2020-01-21 辽宁工程技术大学 Energy-absorbing impact-resistant anchor cable and using method thereof
CN111927515B (en) * 2020-08-12 2021-08-10 东北大学 Shear-resistant energy-absorbing scour-proof resistance-increasing anchor cable and thick-roof coal roadway branch-unloading coupling scour-proof method
CN115217124B (en) * 2021-04-16 2024-02-13 河北省交通规划设计研究院有限公司 In-situ retaining structure for slope expansion and excavation and construction method
CN113431598A (en) * 2021-08-09 2021-09-24 太原理工大学 Small-diameter cutter head with novel cutter mounting mode and tunnel boring machine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3436923A (en) * 1966-07-07 1969-04-08 Atlas Copco Ab Method and equipment for making tension anchors
DE2431113A1 (en) * 1974-06-28 1976-01-15 Takechi Komusho Kk Ground anchor for retaining wall support - is inserted by boring tool with expanding cutters and can be removed
DE2934116A1 (en) * 1979-08-23 1981-03-26 Beton- und Monierbau Ges.m.b.H., Innsbruck Electric circuit which expels water from clay - by using electro osmosis rods driven into clay at intervals, with cathodes connected to water-extraction pump
AT385087B (en) * 1985-11-14 1988-02-10 Sauer Gerhard Method of protecting geological formations and bores for carrying out the method

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2667037A (en) * 1949-08-24 1954-01-26 Edward M Thomas Suspension roof support
US3306051A (en) * 1964-02-10 1967-02-28 Howlett Machine Works Rock bolt
BE750586A (en) * 1969-05-30 1970-11-03 Klemm Bohrtech DRILLING MACHINE FOR COVERING GROUNDS, CALLED "WAGON-DRILL" AND METHOD FOR ITS USE
US3886754A (en) * 1973-07-27 1975-06-03 Lee A Turzillo Method of extending augered pile cavity through rock or like obstruction
DE2408038C3 (en) * 1974-02-20 1980-08-07 Friedrich Karl Dipl.-Ing. Innsbruck Blindow (Oesterreich) Process to reduce subsidence in the expansion of multi-part underground cavities
US3973409A (en) * 1974-07-05 1976-08-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Takechi Koumusho Apparatus for establishing an anchor
DE2800370C2 (en) * 1978-01-05 1988-11-10 Philipp Holzmann Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Method and device for installing a grouting anchor in a ground formation against pressing water
US4253781A (en) * 1979-03-08 1981-03-03 Philipp Holzmann Aktiengesellschaft Method and an apparatus for providing a grouted anchorage against hydrostatic pressure
USRE32076E (en) * 1980-04-03 1986-02-04 A. B. Chance Company Modular screw anchor having lead point non-integral with helix plate
DE3524926A1 (en) * 1985-07-12 1987-01-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert DEVICE FOR FUMING AND SEALING A PACKAGING CONTAINER
US4718791A (en) * 1985-11-15 1988-01-12 Schnabel Foundation Company High capacity tieback installation method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3436923A (en) * 1966-07-07 1969-04-08 Atlas Copco Ab Method and equipment for making tension anchors
DE2431113A1 (en) * 1974-06-28 1976-01-15 Takechi Komusho Kk Ground anchor for retaining wall support - is inserted by boring tool with expanding cutters and can be removed
DE2934116A1 (en) * 1979-08-23 1981-03-26 Beton- und Monierbau Ges.m.b.H., Innsbruck Electric circuit which expels water from clay - by using electro osmosis rods driven into clay at intervals, with cathodes connected to water-extraction pump
AT385087B (en) * 1985-11-14 1988-02-10 Sauer Gerhard Method of protecting geological formations and bores for carrying out the method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2669355A1 (en) * 1990-11-19 1992-05-22 Bouygues Sa Method and device for improving the mechanical characteristics of ground within the scope of producing an underground construction
EP0582554A1 (en) * 1992-08-07 1994-02-09 Giuseppe Franco Darteni Method for consolidating soil and piercing bit for performing the method
EP3199709A1 (en) * 2016-02-01 2017-08-02 Blade Offshore Services Ltd. Apparatus and method for drilling annular cavities
CN113445519A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-28 中国水利水电第九工程局有限公司 Grouting anchor rod construction process for supporting side slope

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58905148D1 (en) 1993-09-09
ATA270488A (en) 1990-09-15
JP2735650B2 (en) 1998-04-02
JPH02232500A (en) 1990-09-14
CA2002143A1 (en) 1990-05-03
US4979848A (en) 1990-12-25
EP0368838B1 (en) 1993-08-04
AT392517B (en) 1991-04-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AT392517B (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SECURING NON OR. Moderately stable, non-cohesive to slightly cohesive geological formations
DE3724165C2 (en)
DE602004007645T2 (en) DEVICE FOR SETTING MOUNTAIN ANCHORS AND FOR AUTOMATIC SETTING OF MOUNTAIN ANCHORS, AND SETTING MOUNTAIN ANCHORS
EP0948701B1 (en) Process and device for simultaneously drilling and lining a hole
EP0371463B1 (en) Method for installing an anchor and injection drill anchoring for performing the method
DE102007014905A1 (en) Double anchor system, as two-phase cartridge mixing anchor, with hollow and solid bar profile
EP1727943A1 (en) Method and device for boring a hole in soil material or rock material and for forming an anchoring
AT408248B (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DRILLING HOLES
DE1945188U (en) DEVICE FOR INSERTING ANCHORS IN LOOSE AND SOLID SOIL.
DE2343079A1 (en) DRILLING METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
DE1533644B2 (en) Method and device for almost horizontal drilling through dams made of layers of earth or rock
DE2422489C2 (en) Earth drill and method for inserting piles or the like.
AT501696B1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DRILLING HOLES IN SOIL OR ROCK MATERIAL
DE112013003397B4 (en) Method and apparatus for forming boreholes and anchoring them in the borehole
DE2236901A1 (en) DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE POST OR NARROW WALLS
DE3926787C2 (en) Method and device for inserting and anchoring a tensile pile
DE19744322C1 (en) Method of placing anchor piles in friable soils
AT408472B (en) Simultaneous drilling and lining of holes - using drill bit on drilling rod using striking or rotary motion and forming lining with sleeve tube pulled into hole by drill bit
DE2909983C2 (en) Method for driving a route, a tunnel or the like
DE3526205C2 (en)
AT522402B1 (en) Method and device for drilling holes in soil or rock material
CH374819A (en) Process for the production of prestressed anchors for structures such as retaining walls, excavation securing devices and the like and prestressing anchors produced according to this process
DE3232906C2 (en)
EP3246502B1 (en) Method for percussive or rotary percussion drilling of holes and simultaneous profiling of perforated walls in earth, soil or rock material
DE102020131395A1 (en) Method of securing a structure and placement of a structure on a site

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19900705

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19910617

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 58905148

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19930909

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: JACOBACCI CASETTA & PERANI S.P.A.

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19930915

ET Fr: translation filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19931230

Year of fee payment: 5

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19941020

Year of fee payment: 6

EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 89890281.2

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19950630

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19951031

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 89890281.2

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19981127

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19991027

Year of fee payment: 11

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000801

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001030

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20001030

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051030