JPH10220197A - Method and equipment for fixing geological structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To hold anchors, etc., surely at accurate places in a press-in of a curable substance by a method wherein a series of hollow drill pipes, piles or anchors into a drilled pit formed to a stratum with a clearance, the curable substance having specific viscosity is injected into the drilled pit, the drill pipe is removed and the anchors, etc., are left. SOLUTION: When a bedrock, on which the structure is fixed, is drilled by a drill head 1, the drill head 1, to which a drill plug 4 is installed, is connected to a series of drill pipes 9, and anchors 19 are inserted into the drill pipes 9. A curable substance having viscosity of 1500-5000cP is injected into the drill pipes at high pressure through a pushing head after the completion of drilling works. The drill pipes 9 and the drill head 1 are extracted simultaneously from a drilled pit at that time. The anchors 19 are pulled out from the insides of the drill pipes 9 by the pressure and high viscosity of the injected substance, and buried into the injected substance under the state, in which the anchors 19 are held at approximately central places, and left in the drilled pit, and the curable substance is cured rapidly.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to unstable geological structures, structures that are only stable in certain areas,
The present invention relates to a method of fixing a non-bonded structure or a structure having only a weak bond.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, in tunnel construction, a drill hole is first formed in a stratum, and a series of hollow drill pipes and piles or anchors are inserted into the drill hole with a gap. The cured product is later injected into the drill hole, at the same time the series of drill tubes is removed, leaving the pile or anchor in the drill hole.

[0003] Such a method is disclosed, for example, in the Austrian patent application AT 392 517B. In such a method, a pile or anchor is inserted with the drill tube simultaneously with the drilling of the drill, and the tip of the pile or anchor is rigidly held in the drill head of the drill tube in a torsional direction. To this end, the heads of these piles or anchors are held by shoulders formed on them and facing the tip of the drill head.

After the drill hole reaches a predetermined depth, a cleaning agent is supplied to a gap between the inner surface of the drill tube and the anchor or the pile, and a gap is provided between the inner surface of the drill tube and the anchor or the pile. The viscous cured product is pressed into the drill tube, and at the same time the drill tube is withdrawn, thereby ensuring that the concrete emulsion is pressed. In this case,
Anchors or stakes such as those described above may be pushed up.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the method and to surely hold an anchor or a pile at an accurate position during the press-fitting of the above-mentioned cured product. .

[0006]

In order to achieve such an object, the method according to the invention is based on the fact that, as defined in claim 1, unstable structures, only in certain areas. A method of fixing a geological structure that is only stable, non-bonded or only slightly bonded, especially in tunnel construction, where drill holes are first formed in the formation, A series of hollow drill tubes and piles or anchors are inserted into the drill holes with a gap, after which the hardened material is injected into the drill holes, at the same time the above series of drill tubes are removed and the pile Alternatively, at the time of tunnel construction in which an anchor is left in the drill hole, the cured product having a viscosity of 1,500 to 5,000 cP is injected.

According to such a means, the anchor or the pile is held by the presence of the highly viscous material, and even when the drill pipe is moved in the axial direction, the anchor or the pile is moved to the deepest portion of the drill hole. Will be left. At the same time, the high-viscosity material exhibits high resistance to radial displacement of these anchors and piles, thereby greatly improving the positional accuracy of these anchors and piles. Since the stability of the anchor is increased by the high-viscosity material, it is also possible to use a tether cable.

As the high-viscosity material to be injected, an anchor mortar, a synthetic resin material, or a paste-like expandable substance is used.

In principle, the drill hole can be formed by a drill tube without anchors or piles. After the drilling has been completed, the cleaning or pressing head supplied with the cleaning agent is removed from the drill tube and the anchor or stake is inserted into the drill tube. Thereafter, the cleaning or pressing head is reattached to the drill tube, the hardened material is pressed in, and at the same time the drill tube is removed from the drill hole. Depending on the requirements, this effect may be effected by a pulling load on the outer end of the drill tube or by a load from this implant under pressure acting on the surface of the drill tube during press-fitting.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for performing the method of the present invention.

The prior art device comprises a series of drill tubes, which are provided with an axial duct and at the front end of which are formed a drill head with a through hole, the free face end of said drill head. Over at least a portion in the axial direction, the through-hole has a non-circular cross-sectional shape, and at least a portion of the perimeter of the cross-sectional shape of the through-hole includes the series of drill pipes and the inner wall of the anchor or pile. In the case where a gap is formed between the drill hole and the through hole of the above-mentioned drill head, an anchor provided at one end thereof is used together with a head having a knife edge on a tip end surface. The head of the anchor is supported axially with respect to the drilling direction. Therefore, it is necessary to insert this anchor into the drill head. However, the length of this anchor can only be the maximum length corresponding to the branch range of the cradle holding the drill tube, conversely, the cradle needs to use the length corresponding to this anchor Failure occurs.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem and to provide an apparatus capable of using an anchor having a length exceeding a branch range of a cradle to be used in the above-mentioned apparatus.

[0013] To this end, the device according to the invention comprises a series of drill tubes, comprising an axial duct and a front end thereof, as claimed in claim 2. A drill head having a through hole is formed, and the through hole has a non-circular cross-sectional shape from the free surface end of the drill head to at least a portion in the axial direction. At least in part, a gap is formed between the inner wall of the series of drill pipes and anchors or piles and the through-hole of the drill head, wherein the drill head has an axial passage. A drill plug is held in the hole, which is removed in the axial direction of the drilling direction, and which has a knife edge and which is provided with a hole in the through hole. Front side of the heads or others are held in the portion communicating with, and this drill plug is characterized in that it has a non-circular cross-sectional shape.

This object is achieved by substantially closing the distal opening of the through hole of the drill head, and the drill head can be used completely without inserting an anchor. This initially forms the drill hole, after which the anchor is inserted into the drill tube. This eliminates the often problematic play of the anchor inserted into the drill tube. Further, the problem that the length of the anchor is limited corresponding to the branch length of the cradle is also solved.

[0015] The anchor and the drill plug are pushed out of the drill tube in the axial direction of the drilling direction by pressing the injection material.

The device described in claim 3 is characterized in that the above-mentioned drill plug can be fixed very easily. In addition, even when drilling vertically downward without dropping from the drill head by its own weight, it can be easily implemented.

The device described in claim 4 provides the simplest structure.

[0018]

1, 2, and 3 show a drill head 1 having a drill pin 2 made of carbide at a tip end surface thereof and having a drill pin 2 extending in the axial direction of the drill head 1. A hole 3 is formed. This through hole 3
Has a non-circular cross-sectional shape and expands in diameter toward the distal end of the drill head.

As shown in FIG. 3, the through hole 3 has a substantially cross-sectional shape. The diameter of the through hole 3 is increased toward the distal end of the drill head 1. A drill plug 4 is held in the through hole, and a knife edge 5 is formed on the distal end surface of the drill plug. I have. The drill plug 4 is supported in the axial direction with respect to the drilling direction, and is held by the conical through hole 3.

The drill plug 4 has a horizontal hole 6 formed therein, and a substantially U-shaped spring 7 is provided through the hole. Both legs of the spring are formed with pocket-like extensions 8 formed in the through holes 3.
The drill plug is held in the wall of the through hole 3 by friction. The drill plug 4 can be removed in the axial direction of the drilling direction.

The drill head 1 is screwed in a conventional manner on a drill tube 9 which is a series of connected parts.

A pressing head 10 is connected to an end of the series of drill pipes 9 on the driving side, and the pressing head is provided with supply means 11 for supplying an injectate.
The pressing head 10 is provided with a sleeve 12 together with the supply means 11 by a usual means. On the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 12, a circumferential groove 13 is formed in the part of the supply means 11 described above.
4 and this head is connected to the series of drill tubes 9 described above.
Are rigidly connected to each other so as to rotate integrally. A central blind hole 15 is formed in the head 14, and the blind hole communicates with the inside of the drill tube 9.
In addition, the sleeve 12 communicates with the annular groove 13 of the sleeve 12 through a horizontal hole 16. The sealing performance of the sleeve 12 is maintained with respect to the head 14 by means such as a packing 17.

A drill hammer (not shown) is mounted in the blind hole 18 of the head 14, and the head 14 is operated.

The state shown in FIG. 1 to FIG.
9 having already been inserted into the series of drill tubes 9, the anchors having preferably helical ribs 20.
Are formed. Also, as shown particularly clearly in FIG. 4, the inner surface of this series of drill pipes 9 and the above-mentioned anchor 1
A gap 21 is formed between the gap 9 and the gap 9. This gap is
It is used for supplying a cleaning agent during drilling, and the cleaning agent is supplied into the series of drill pipes 9 through a cleaning head having the same configuration as the pressing head 10 described above.

When this anchor is installed according to the present invention, a rock head for fixing a structure is perforated by a drill head 1, and at this time, the drill plug 4 is attached to the drill head, and the drill plug is attached to the drill head. The head is connected to a series of drill tubes 9. Also, this series of drill pipes 9
An anchor 19 is inserted therein, but this is not necessary.

At the time of the above drilling, a cleaning agent is supplied through the inside of the series of drill pipes. The supply of the cleaning agent is performed through a means such as a cleaning head having the same structure as the pressing head 10 described above.

After the drilling operation is completed, the cleaning head is removed, and then the anchor 19 or the pile is inserted into the drill tube 9. After this, the viscosity is 1,500 via the pressing head 10 described above.
5,000 cP of injection material is injected at high pressure into the inside of the drill tube, and this injection material is injected through the through hole 3 of the drill head 1 to the tip surface. At this time, the drill tube 9 and the drill head are simultaneously pulled out of the drill hole. In this case, not only the pressure of the injected material but also a tensile load may be applied to the drill tube 9.

Due to the pressure of the injection and its high viscosity, the anchor 19 is withdrawn from the drill tube 9 and buried in the injection and remains in the drill hole and hardens rapidly. Further, since the injection material is injected from the pressing head 10 into the center of the drill tube 9, the anchor 19 is held at a substantially central position by the injection material.

After the injection has cured rapidly as described above, the structure is securely fixed to the bedrock.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, a structure such as an anchor can be accurately and reliably fixed to a bedrock or the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a portion of a drill head with an anchor inserted.

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view from a direction rotated by 90 ° with respect to FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the drill head with a drill plug inserted.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pressing head mounted on a drill tube.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drill head 3 Through hole 4 Drill plug 5 Knife edge 7 Spring 9 Drill tube 19 Anchor

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for fixing an unstable structure, a structure that is only stable within a predetermined range, a geological structure that is non-bonded or only slightly bonded, During tunnel construction, a drill hole is first formed in the formation, a series of hollow drill pipes and piles or anchors are inserted into the drill hole with a gap, and then the hardened material is injected into the drill hole. At the same time, at the time of tunnel construction in which the series of drill pipes is removed and the pile or anchor is left in the drill hole, the cured product has a viscosity of 1,500 to 5,000.
A method for fixing a geological structure, comprising injecting cP. 2. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising a series of drill tubes (9), said drill tubes comprising an axial duct and having at its front end a front end. A drill head having a through-hole (3) is formed, which has a non-circular cross-sectional shape from at least a part of the axial direction from the free surface end of the drill head (1). At least part of the circumference of the cross-sectional shape has a gap between the series of drill pipes (9) and the inner wall of the anchor (19) or the pile and the through hole (3) of the drill head (1). In what is formed, a drill plug (4) is held in an axial bore (3) of the drill head (1), which drill plug is removed in the axial direction of the drilling direction. And
The drill plug also has a knife edge (5), which is held in a part of the through hole (3) communicating with the front side of the drill head (1), and the drill plug is non-circular. An apparatus having a cross-sectional shape of: 3. The drill plug (4) is frictionally held on the drill head (1) by at least one spring (7), the spring (7) being connected to the drill head (1). 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the device is held on the inner wall of the through hole. 4. The spring is bent in a substantially V-shape, is inserted into a lateral hole (6) of the drill plug (4), and has two legs of the spring. 4. The device according to claim 2, wherein the tip of the drill head is held on the inner wall of the through hole (3) of the drill head (1).