KR20080038276A - Method and device for drilling, particularly percussion or rotary percussion drilling, a hole in soil or rock material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for drilling, particularly percussion or rotary percussion drilling, a hole in soil or rock material and for producing an anchoring. According to the invention, a drill bit (2) fastened to drilling rods (3) makes a drilled hole (1). A number of, in particular, wedge-shaped spreading elements (7) oriented contrary to the direction of drilling (6) are provided in a part joined to the drill bit (2). These spreading elements can be introduced into the wall of the drilled hole (1) after the drilled hole (1) is completed whereby making it possible to obtain a secure anchoring immediately after the drilled hole (1) has been completed.

Description

METHODS AND DEVICE FOR DRILLING, PARTICULARLY PERCUSSION OR ROTARY PERCUSSION DRILLING, A HOLE IN SOIL OR ROCK MATERIAL}

The present invention relates to a method of drilling a hole in soil or rock material, in particular percussion drilling or rotary impact drilling and fixing anchorage to the hole, wherein the borehole is a drill rod. Formed by a drill bit mounted on the assembly. The invention also relates to a device for drilling holes in soil or rock material, in particular for impact drilling or rotary impact drilling and for fixing anchorages, wherein the borehole is formed by a drill bit mounted on a drill rod assembly. .

In the field of creating holes or boreholes in soil or rock material and subsequently fixing anchorages or linings in the boreholes, for example during drilling, in particular during drilling or rotary impact drilling An envelope tube is introduced into the hole, and after completion of the bore, a portion of the drill bit is removed from the borehole with the drill rod assembly, while the envelope tube remains in the borehole and cures into the borehole. The manner in which anchors are subsequently formed in the boreholes by filling the mass is disclosed in WO 98/21439 and WO 98/58132. According to the configuration disclosed in WO 98/58132, the drill rod assembly has additional ribs and grooves on the outer periphery so that the drill rod assembly remains in the borehole for subsequent filling and a good anchoring effect. To ensure. To further reinforce the anchoring effect, it is known from AT-U 5644 to bring the envelope tube into contact with the inner wall of the borehole, for example by expanding the outer perimeter of the borehole.

Instead, it is known to remove the drilling tool together with the drill rod assembly from the borehole after the formation of the borehole, wherein the subsequent introduction of an independent anchor or anchoring means into the borehole, for example EP -B 0 241 451, US-A 4,490,074, DE-AS 21 05 888, US-A 4,310,266, or EP-A 0 875 663. Such known prior art requires that the borehole must first be formed in the first method step, and then after the drilling tool is removed along the drill rod assembly, the anchoring device is optionally introduced into the very long borehole in an additional method step, The disadvantage is that the abutment to the borehole wall is completed later. It is clear that the two separate working steps not only require a lot of time, but also have difficulty in selectively subsequently introducing a long anchoring device or the like. In addition, it will be clearly understood that removing the drilling device with a drill rod assembly and subsequently introducing the anchoring device is easy only in relatively solid soils or rocks, and thus during drilling or after removal of the drilling tool. And before the first introduction of the anchoring device, the material must be protected, for example, from collapse into the borehole, and if so, the material will block the borehole and prevent the anchoring device from being introduced.

It is an object of the present invention to further refine the apparatus and method of the kind described above so that the anchorage to the inner wall of the borehole can be achieved immediately after completion of the borehole with a totally simple configuration and shortened lead time.

To achieve this object, the method according to the invention: unlike the method of the kind described above, after completion of the borehole, a number of, especially wedge-shaped, arranged at a distance away from the drill bit and oriented opposite to the drilling direction. It is essential that the spreading member extends into the wall of the borehole formed by the drill bit. Immediately after completion of the borehole, in particular by implementing the anchorage via a wedge-shaped unfolding member oriented opposite to the drilling direction, an additional introduction of the anchorage into the completed borehole after removal of the previous drill rod assembly and drilling tool independently. The work step can be omitted, thereby achieving a lot of time savings. Furthermore, the method according to the invention can be applied irrespective of the soil or rock material to be drilled through, since the anchorage is effectively effected in the borehole immediately after the formation of the borehole, thus at least after removal of the drilling tool and Even in loose rock where there is a risk of internal collapse prior to introduction, there is no need to worry about such difficulties as subsequent anchorages are created. In particular, by extending or expanding the oppositely oriented wedge-shaped spreading member in the drilling direction, the introduction of at least the tip of the oppositely oriented spreading member in the drilling direction will be instantaneous, and thus good anchorage immediately after the borehole is completed. The effect may be provided.

In order to ensure a particularly simple extension of the unfolding member after completion of the borehole, in accordance with a preferred embodiment the extension of the unfolding member is initiated and / or by rotating the drill rod assembly against the direction of rotation in the manufacture of the borehole by the drill bit. It is proposed to implement. Thus, it is possible to realize the creation of a bore hole in a conventional manner by impact drilling or rotary impact drilling by providing a prescribed rotational direction during the drilling process, and after completion of the borehole, rotation for the creation of the borehole Extension of the unfolding member is initiated and / or implemented by rotating the drill rod assembly in the opposite direction.

In order to allow the unfolding member to be simply introduced without interference to the drilling process, according to a further preferred embodiment, prestress is applied to the unfolding member in the direction towards the drill rod assembly during the drilling process.

In particular, in order to support the proper introduction of the unfolding member with a wedge-shaped tip extending in opposition to the drill run and / or to reinforce the anchoring effect, according to a further preferred embodiment, during the emergence of the unfolding member. And / or alternately with the protruding motion of the spreading member, the drill rod assembly is powered or retracted along the direction toward the open end of the borehole, respectively, as opposed to the drilling direction. Simultaneous and / or alternating drill rod assembly and thus pulling or powering of the spreading member during the protruding movement causes the tip of the spreading member to penetrate deeper into the material to promote the anchoring effect. do.

After the unfolding member is projected or opened and unfolded, an anchor element is formed through the drill rod assembly remaining in the borehole with the drill bit. If there is a particular need for anchorage, in accordance with a further preferred embodiment, after completion of the borehole and after the protruding or anchoring of the unfolding member, the drill rod assembly is divided and removed from the borehole, in particular in the area of the unfolding member, to the anchoring member. The anchoring member is in particular a cable strand anchor, in particular threadedly connected to the drill rod assembly subportion remaining in the borehole. By dividing the drill rod assembly according to the invention and by providing an opportunity to remove the lower part, the completion of the borehole and the protrusion or fixation of the unfolding member, for example by means of a suitably specialized anchoring member such as a cable strand anchor The drill rod assembly can be replaced, and the anchoring member can be threaded, for example, threaded, with the drill bit and the drill bit assembly remaining in the borehole.

In order to achieve the above object, the device of the above-mentioned kind is characterized in that it is essentially provided with a plurality of, in particular, wedge-shaped unfolding members, which are oriented opposite to the drilling direction, especially in the part in contact with the drill bit, The wedge-shaped spreading member extends into the wall of the borehole after completion of the borehole formed by the drill bit. In particular, the wedge-shaped unfolding member, which is oriented opposite to the drilling direction and protrudes after completion of the borehole, can save a lot of time while allowing the immediate implementation of safe anchorage.

In order to reliably introduce the unfolding member without interference with the drilling process, according to a further preferred embodiment, the unfolding member is powered with at least one strap along the direction towards the drill rod assembly during the drilling process, in particular Apply prestress.

In order to introduce reliable expansion of the unfolding member and an appropriate anchoring force or effect, according to a further preferred embodiment, in particular the annular expanding member is mounted around the periphery of the drill rod assembly and is opposed to the rotational movement which is carried out during the drilling process. In the rotational movement of the drill rod assembly in the direction, it can be displaced in the direction toward the drill bit along the longitudinal direction of the drill rod assembly and cooperates with the wedge-shaped spreading member, the wedge-shaped spreading member in particular It is pivotally articulated with respect to the bearing member fixedly connected to the drill rod assembly aligned between the expansion member and the drill bit.

As already described, impact or rotary impact drilling is carried out by moving the drill bit of the drill rod assembly along a predefined direction of rotation, wherein the direction of rotation of the drill rod assembly is opposite to the extension of the unfolding member. In order to avoid interference with the drilling process and to allow the unfolding member to extend safely during the reverse rotational movement of the drill rod assembly after completion of the borehole, one or more spring members are also provided, according to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is proposed to provide on the expansion member, wherein the spring member can be accommodated in a recess or recess provided around the expansion member during the drilling process and in one or more opposite directions of rotation. It cooperates with one or more profilings provided on the unfolding member and is oriented in the interior of the device to prevent the expanding member from rotating and to be displaced along the longitudinal direction by the provision of threaded connections. Thus, the drilling process is realized in such a way that the expansion member moves relative to the unfolding member in a ratchet form, and the spring member immediately after one or more profiling provided on the one or more unfolding members after rotation in the opposite direction. In cooperation, the rotational movement of the expansion member is prevented, and by means of the provision of a threaded connection thereby a displacement of the expansion member along the longitudinal direction of the drill rod assembly, in particular along the direction towards the drill bit, results in the opposite of the drilling direction. Projection of the extending wedge-shaped spread member is permitted.

In order to ensure an appropriate flushing effect even when providing an expansion member around the drill rod assembly, according to a further preferred embodiment, it is proposed to provide in the expansion member one or more flushing channels extending in the longitudinal direction of the device. .

In order to ensure a uniform anchoring effect over the area of the borehole, it is also proposed, in accordance with a further preferred embodiment according to the invention, to provide an expandable spreading member to be distributed substantially uniformly around the circumference of the drill rod assembly. . As a result, a uniformly high anchoring force will be introduced into the surrounding soil or rock material through the perimeter of the drill rod assembly and the borehole.

In addition to such homogenization of the force introduced through the circumference of the device according to the invention, according to a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, in order to further increase the anchoring force introduced, a number of expandable spreading members At various distances from the perimeter of the drill rod assembly. Such expandable spreading members aligned at various distances from the drill bit provide a secure anchorage over an increased length during expansion of the expandable spreading member, in particular in the front region of the device according to the invention, and according to the invention At least some of the spreading members additionally distributed around the circumference of the device and aligned at various distances from the drill bit may ensure safe and reliable anchorage even in the case of loose rock.

In order to more homogenize the anchorage effect through the longitudinal extension and circumference of the device according to the invention, according to a further preferred embodiment, the spreading members aligned at various distances from the drill bit are offset relative to the circumferential direction of the drill rod assembly ( it is proposed to align it.

According to a preferred embodiment, in order to further facilitate the process of extending each unfolding member, each aligned at various distances from the tip of the drill bit or borehole, unfolding members aligned at various distances from the drill bit, according to a further preferred embodiment. It cooperates with a common expansion member aligned to be displaceable along the drill rod assembly.

Instead of forming the anchor by the drill rod assembly remaining in the drill bit and the borehole, according to a further preferred embodiment, the drill rod assembly is divided into sub-parts, in particular in the region of the unfolding member, and in particular the cable strand The screw head of the anchor is connected with the drill bit and with the drill rod assembly lower portion remaining in the borehole. Thus, upon completion of the borehole and protrusion of the unfolding member, it becomes possible to introduce an anchoring member for specially anchoring a cable strand anchor, in particular, which is particularly easily connected with the drill rod assembly sub-part remaining in the borehole.

In order to ensure a proper flushing effect, also known drill rod assemblies are preferably formed with flushing channels therein. Such a flushing channel may be used not only for introducing the flushing fluid during the drilling process, but also optionally for introducing the curable material introduced in the region of the unfolding member and / or in the region of the tip.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention for practicing the method of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 showing a wedge-shaped unfolding member extending opposite to the direction of drilling entering the borehole wall after completion of the drilling process.

3 is a view through the area of the expansion and unfolding members of the device according to the invention, which is taken along the line III-III of FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view through an improved embodiment of the device according to the invention for carrying out the method of the invention, a cross section similar to FIG. 1 showing a number of unfolding members provided along the longitudinal direction of the device. .

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 4 showing a state where at least one unfolding member protrudes into the wall of the peripheral bore hole.

FIG. 6 shows a drill rod assembly designed to be split in the area of the unfolding member, a cross-sectional view through a further improved embodiment of the device according to the invention for carrying out the method of the invention, FIG. It is a section similar to four.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 5 showing that after one or more unfolding members protrude into the wall of the peripheral borehole, the portion of the drill rod assembly facing away from the drill bit is removed and replaced by an anchor member, in particular a cable strand anchor. to be.

1 and 2, the wall of the borehole produced by the drill bit 2 mounted on the drill rod assembly 3 is indicated by the reference numeral 1, where the drive means provided outside the borehole 1. Impact and rotational stress are applied to the drill rod assembly 3 to create the borehole 1 in a known manner by means of devices (not shown in detail). Also provided in the drill rod assembly 3 is a flushing channel 4 which is used by the drill rod assembly 3 to selectively discharge material excavated during the drilling process and to flush the drill bit 2.

At a distance away from the drill, a fixed nut 5 is provided on the drill rod assembly 3, which then has a number of wedge-shaped orientations oriented in a direction extending opposite to the drilling direction 6. The unfolding members 7 are arranged in such a way that they are distributed about the circumference of the drill rod assembly 3. During the drilling process shown in FIG. 1, the unfolding member 7, by means of a strap or clamp strap 8, cleans the borehole 1 formed by the drill bit 2 so as not to be indirect with the drilling process. It is pressed to the position where the unfolding member 7 is located in the clear cross section.

After completion of the borehole 1, for example, if the drill bit 2 is rotated counterclockwise, ie to the left, such as arrow 9 of FIG. 3, the direction of rotation of the drill rod assembly 3 is drilled. A spring member 11 provided between the one or more wedge-shaped spreading members 7 and the expanding member 10 mounted on the drill rod assembly 3 is thus reversed in the opposite direction to the direction 9. 10 protrudes from each recess or depression 12 provided around the periphery and cooperates with the profiling 13 provided around the inner periphery of the spreading member 7, thus rotating the drill rod assembly 3. By means of suitable screws formed during the reversal of the direction and around the outside of the expansion member 10 and the drill rod assembly 3, the expansion member 10 is indicated by an arrow 14, as shown in FIG. 2 by an arrow ( Will be displaced or moved in the direction towards the drill bit 2 in the 6) direction. Displacement of the expanding member 10 along the arrow 14 or the drilling direction 6 pivots the unfolding member 7 to the position shown in FIG. 2, wherein each tip 15 of the unfolding member 7 is The anchor is introduced into the peripheral borehole 1 and, accordingly, anchors formed by the drill rod assembly 3 and the drill bit 2 are securely anchored in the resulting borehole 1.

In order to reinforce or promote the anchoring effect, the drill rod assembly (as opposed to arrows 6 and 14) simultaneously with the movement of the expansion member 10 and thus the extension member 7 into the peripheral borehole 1. A tensile stress is applied on 3) to allow the tip 15 of the wedge-shaped spreading member 7 to dig deeper or erode into the peripheral borehole wall 1.

In order to ensure proper haulage of the excavated material and to provide adequate flushing action, one or more flushing channels 16 are also shown in the expansion member 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2.

As can be clearly understood from FIGS. 1 to 3, a number of wedge-shaped spreading members 7 are arranged around the periphery of the drill rod assembly 3, wherein in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3. Four segment-shaped, wedge-shaped unfolding members 7 are provided to ensure proper anchoring effect. The unfolding member 7 is pivotally hinged to a similarly provided bearing member on the drill rod assembly 3 or suitably mounted on the deflection strap 8.

Depending on the anchoring effect to be achieved and / or the characteristics of the surrounding soil or rock material, the unfolding members 7 are properly aligned around the periphery of the drill rod assembly 3 in terms of length, shape, deflection force and population.

1 also shows a securing pin 20 disposed behind the expansion member 10 in order to secure it so that the expansion member 10 is not inadvertently moved or lost. The longitudinal displacement range of the expansion member 10 during the extension of the wedge-shaped spreading member 7 is between the expansion member and the fixing pin 20 facing away from the drill bit 2, clearly shown in FIG. 2. Can be taken from the distance of

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the drill bit 2 for producing the borehole 1 is again mounted on the drill rod assembly 3.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3, the wedge-shaped spreading member 7 is provided around the periphery of the drill rod assembly 3 in a substantially adjoining manner, while in this embodiment a plurality of spreading members 17 and 18 are aligned at different distances from the drill bit 2.

Similar to the embodiment described above, for example, drilling is performed by the movement of the drill rod assembly 3 along the counterclockwise direction, while after completion of the borehole 1, the direction of rotation of the drill rod assembly 3 is achieved. By reversing, the extension or extraction of the spreading members 17 and 18 is again ensured by the engagement of each spring member 11, which is in the direction towards the drill bit 2 as shown in FIG. 5. Displacement or movement of the expansion member 10, and thus the fold members 17 and 18, which are aligned at various distances from the drill bit 2, results in an appropriate ramp-shaped lower portion 19 of the expansion member 10. Will be introduced into the borehole wall 1. In addition to the different distances from the drill bit 2 of the spreading members 17 and 18, in order to equalize the anchoring effect, the spreading members 17 and 18 are distributed and offset around the circumference of the drill rod assembly 3. This can be aligned, which is of particular interest in the case of unfolding members 17 and 18 extending around a small sub-section or opening angle around the perimeter of the drill rod assembly 3.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in a similar manner to the form according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the plurality of spreading members 7 are arranged at various distances from the drill bit 2. Similar to the previous embodiment, drilling is carried out again by moving the drill rod assembly 3 counterclockwise, while after completion of the borehole 1, by reversing the drilling direction of the drill rod assembly 3, The extension or protrusion of the spreading members 17 and 18 is again ensured, and by the engagement of the appropriate spring member 12, the displacement or movement of the expanding member 10 is clearly shown in FIG. 7. It is caused in the direction toward. As in the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5, a common expanding member 10 is applied to the plurality of unfolding members 17 and 18 arranged longitudinally.

From the embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7, it can be clearly seen that the drill rod assembly 3 is divided into lower parts 3 ′ and 3 ″ which can be relatively separated, and the lower part of the drill rod assembly ( The connection 33 between 3 ′) and the lower part 3 ″ can be realized, for example, by a conical hexagonal guide.

After completion of the bore and after the projection of at least some of the unfolding members, as shown in FIG. 7, separation of the drill rod assembly members 3 ′ and 3 ″ occurs, at which time the screw head 21 of the cable strand anchor 22. ) Is subsequently introduced and screwed into the inner thread of the lower portion 3 'or hollow drill rod assembly remaining in the bore hole 1. Thus, after completion of the bore hole 1 and the drill rod assembly After safe anchorage by the extension of the unfolding members 17 and 18 during reverse rotation in the rotational direction of (3), the lower part 3 "of the drill rod assembly 3, as described in connection with the preceding embodiments, After removal, for example, it may be possible to introduce and securely anchor the anchoring member adapted to the conditions of the surrounding soil or rock and configured for example as cable strand anchor 22. Depending on the material selected for the anchor 22 to be introduced, the mode of implementation may be adapted to alternative embodiments for providing other permanent anchors that may be applied.

Claims (16)

A drill bit (2) mounted to a drill rod assembly (3) as a method for drilling a hole (1) in soil or rock material, in particular for impact drilling or rotary impact drilling and for fixing anchorage in the hole (1) In a hole forming and anchorage fixing method, wherein a bore hole is formed by: After completion of the borehole 1, in particular a number of wedge-shaped spreading members 7, 17, 18, aligned at a distance away from the drill bit and oriented opposite to the drilling direction, are provided by the drill bit 2. A hole forming and anchorage fixing method, characterized in that it extends into the wall of the formed bore hole (1). The method of claim 1, By the rotational movement of the drill rod assembly 3 opposite the direction of rotation for the creation of the bore hole 1 by the drill bit 2, the extension of the spreading members 7, 17, 18 is initiated and And / or implemented. The method according to claim 1 or 2, During the drilling process, a prestress is applied to the spreading member (7, 17, 18) in a direction towards the drill rod assembly (3). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, During the protruding of the unfolding members 7, 17, 18, and / or alternately with the protruding movement of the unfolding members 7, 17, 18, the drill rod assembly 3 has a borehole opposite to the drilling direction ( A method for forming holes and anchorages, characterized in that they are powered or retracted in a direction toward the open end of 1), respectively. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, After completion of the borehole 1 and anchoring or protruding of the spreading members 7, 17, 18, the drill rod assembly 3 is divided and boreed in particular in the region of the spreading members 7, 17, 18. Removed from the hole 1 and replaced by an anchor member, in particular a cable strand anchor 22, which anchor member, in particular threadedly, connects with the drill rod assembly sub-part remaining in the bore hole 1. Characterized in that the hole formation and anchorage fixing method. A device for drilling holes 1 in soil or rock material, in particular for impact drilling or rotary impact drilling and for generating anchorages, wherein the borehole is formed by a drill bit 2 mounted to the drill rod assembly 3. In the hole forming and anchorage generating device, In the part in contact with the drill bit 2, a number of, in particular, wedge-shaped spreading members 7, 17, 18, which are oriented opposite to the drilling direction 6, are provided, and the spreading members 7, 17, 18 ) Can extend into the wall of the bore hole (1) after completion of the bore hole (1) formed by the drill bit (2). The method of claim 6, During the drilling process, the spreading members 7, 17, 18 are powered by one or more straps 8 in the direction towards the drill rod assembly 3, in particular a prestressed hole. Forming and anchorage generating device. The method according to claim 6 or 7, In particular, when the annular expanding member 10 is mounted around the circumference of the drill rod assembly 3 and the drill rod assembly 3 is rotated in a direction opposite to the rotational movement 9 made during the execution of the drilling process, the drill Can be displaced in the direction toward the drill bit 2 along the longitudinal direction of the rod assembly 3 and cooperates with the wedge-shaped spreading members 7, 17, 18, The spreading members 7, 17, 18 are in particular pivotally articulated to a bearing member fixedly connected to the drill rod assembly 3 and aligned between the expansion member 10 and the drill bit 2. Hole forming and anchorage generating device, characterized in that. The method of claim 8, One or more spring members 11 are provided on the expansion member 10, The spring member may be received in a recess or recess 12 provided on the expansion member 10 during the drilling process and provided on one or more expansion members 10 in reverse of the rotational direction. In cooperation with one or more profilings 13 towards the interior of the device, preventing the rotational movement of the expansion member 10 and allowing the expansion member to be displaced along the longitudinal direction by providing a threaded connection. Forming and anchorage generating device. The method according to claim 8 or 9, And at least one flushing channel (16) extending in the longitudinal direction of the device is provided in the extension member (10). The method according to any one of claims 6 to 10, And the expandable spreading members (7, 17, 18) are aligned such that they are substantially evenly distributed around the circumference of the drill rod assembly. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 11, A plurality of expandable spreading members (17, 18) are provided around the perimeter of the drill rod assembly (3) at various distances from the drill bit (2). The method of claim 12, A device for forming holes and anchorages, characterized in that the spreading members (17, 18) aligned at various distances from the drill bit (2) are aligned so as to be relatively offset in the circumferential direction of the drill rod assembly (3). The method according to claim 12 or 13, A hole, characterized in that the spreading members 17, 18 aligned at various distances from the drill bit 2 cooperate with the common expanding member 10 arranged such that it can be displaced along the drill rod assembly 3. Forming and anchorage generating device. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 14, The drill rod assembly 3 is divided into lower portions 3 ′, 3 ″, in particular in the region of the spreading members 17, 18, and the screw head 21 of the anchor member, in particular the cable strand anchor 22. A device for forming holes and generating anchorages, characterized in that can be connected to a drill rod assembly sub-part remaining in the borehole (1) and connected with the drill bit (2). The method according to any one of claims 6 to 15, The drill rod assembly (3), in a known manner, is formed with a flushing channel (16) therein.

Images