EP0361224B1 - Infrared intrusion detector - Google Patents
Infrared intrusion detector Download PDFInfo
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- EP0361224B1 EP0361224B1 EP89117077A EP89117077A EP0361224B1 EP 0361224 B1 EP0361224 B1 EP 0361224B1 EP 89117077 A EP89117077 A EP 89117077A EP 89117077 A EP89117077 A EP 89117077A EP 0361224 B1 EP0361224 B1 EP 0361224B1
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- radiation
- focusing means
- radiation receiving
- infrared
- receiving areas
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/19—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems
- G08B13/193—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems using focusing means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S250/00—Radiant energy
- Y10S250/01—Passive intrusion detectors
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Infraroteindringdetektor gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Infraroteindringdetektoren sind allgemein bekannt; sie dienen dazu, das Eindringen Infrarotstrahlung aussendender Objekte in überwachte Räume zu detektieren.The invention relates to an infrared intrusion detector according to the preamble of claim 1. Infrared intrusion detectors are generally known; they are used to detect the penetration of infrared radiation emitting objects into monitored rooms.
Zur Überwachung von langgestreckten Räumen und Korridoren dienen speziell angepaßte Infraroteindringdetektoren, welche in vertikaler Ebene einen verhältnismäßig großen, d.h. weit reichenden Empfindlichkeitsbereich und in horizontaler Ebene einen verhältnismäßig schmalen Empfindlichkeitsbereich aufweisen. Dadurch entsteht ein vorhangartiger Empfindlichkeitsbereich, den ein Eindringling passieren muß, um Zugang zu einem geschützten Bereich zu erhalten. In der GB-A-2'080'945 ist ein solcher Infraroteindringdetektor beschrieben, bei welchem ein derartiger "Vorhang" dadurch erzeugt wird, daß vor dem fokussierenden Spiegel ein zylindrischer Spiegel angeordnet ist, welcher für den breiten Empfindlichkeitsbereich in vertikaler Ebene sorgt. Ein Nachteil dieser Infraroteindringdetektoren besteht darin, daß sie eine unterschiedliche Empfindlichkeit für verschieden weit entfernte Objekte aufweisen.For the monitoring of elongated rooms and corridors, specially adapted infrared intrusion detectors are used, which in the vertical plane have a relatively large, i.e. have a far-reaching sensitivity range and a relatively narrow sensitivity range in the horizontal plane. This creates a curtain-like sensitivity area that an intruder must pass through to gain access to a protected area. Such an infrared intrusion detector is described in GB-A-2'080'945, in which such a "curtain" is generated by placing a cylindrical mirror in front of the focusing mirror, which ensures the wide sensitivity range in the vertical plane. A disadvantage of these infrared intrusion detectors is that they have different sensitivity to objects at different distances.
In der DE-A1-31'14'112 ist ein mit Infrarotstrahlung arbeitendes Detektorsystem beschrieben, welches den genannten Nachteil vermeidet und angenähert ein gleichförmiges Verhalten über alle Entfernungsbereiche, die weit differieren, aufweist. Dies versucht man dadurch zu erreichen, daß drei vertikal versetzte Hohlspiegel, die einen gemeinsamen Brennpunkt, in welchem sich ein Infrarotsensor befindet, aufweisen, so angeordnet sind, daß jeweils ein Spiegel zur Überwachung eines Arbeitsbereichs des Infraroteindringdetektors vorgesehen ist. Jeder Spiegel liefert bei gegebenem Ziel innerhalb des zugeordneten Entfernungsbereichs ein Bild des Infrarotstrahlung aussendenden Objekts von im wesentlichen gleicher Größe. Daher wird ein Infrarotstrahlung aussendendes Objekt gegebener Größe unabhängig von dem Entfernungsbereich, in welchem es sich befindet, ungefähr in gleicher Weise erfaßt, und die Detektorempfindlichkeit ist für alle Entfernungsbereiche etwa gleich.DE-A1-31'14'112 describes a detector system working with infrared radiation which avoids the disadvantage mentioned and approximately has a uniform behavior over all distance ranges which differ widely. One tries to achieve this by arranging three vertically offset concave mirrors, which have a common focal point in which an infrared sensor is located, in such a way that a mirror is provided in each case for monitoring a working area of the infrared intrusion detector. For a given target, each mirror provides an image of the object emitting infrared radiation of essentially the same size within the assigned distance range. Therefore, an object of given size emitting infrared radiation is detected approximately in the same way regardless of the distance range in which it is located, and the detector sensitivity is approximately the same for all distance ranges.
Ein Nachteil dieser bekannten Infraroteindringdetektionsanordnung besteht darin, daß der zu überwachende Raum nicht hinreichend dicht abgedeckt ist. Wegen der insbesondere in der Nähe des Detektors vorhandenen Lücken (vgl. Figur 2) sind solche Infraroteindringdetektoren nicht völlig sabotagesicher.A disadvantage of this known infrared intrusion detection arrangement is that the space to be monitored is not sufficiently covered. Because of the gaps in particular in the vicinity of the detector (cf. FIG. 2), such infrared intrusion detectors are not completely sabotage-proof.
In der EP-A1-0'262'241 (=̂US-PS-4,740,701) wurde vorgeschlagen, einen lükkenlosen streifenförmigen Strahlungsempfangsbereich dadurch zu schaffen, daß eine Fresnelzylinderlinse geringer Dicke in Längsrichtung in der Weise gebogen wird, daß der Krümmungsradius der Brennweite entspricht und daß der Infrarotsensor angenähert im Brennpunkt der Fresnelzylinderlinse angeordnet wird. Damit wird zwar ein lückenloser Vorhang erhalten, die Empfindlichkeit nimmt aber mit der Entfernung vom Detektor stark ab (Die Empfindlichkeit ist in etwa umgekehrt proportional dem Abstand vom Infrarotdetektor; vgl. Figur 7).In EP-A1-0'262'241 (= ̂US-PS-4,740,701) it was proposed to create a gapless strip-shaped radiation receiving area by bending a Fresnel cylinder lens of small thickness in the longitudinal direction in such a way that the radius of curvature corresponds to the focal length and that the infrared sensor is placed approximately in the focal point of the Fresnel cylinder lens. A complete curtain is thus obtained, but the sensitivity decreases sharply with the distance from the detector (the sensitivity is roughly inversely proportional to the distance from the infrared detector; cf. FIG. 7).
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, einen Infraroteindringdetektor zu schaffen, welcher die Nachteile der bisher bekannten Infraroteindringdetektoren vermeidet und welcher insbesondere in der Lage ist, einen langgestreckten Raum mittels einer vorhangartigen Empfindlichkeitszone lückenlos derart zu überwachen, daß das Eindringen eines Infrarotstrahlung aussendenden Objekts in die Empfindlichkeitszone in jedem Abstand von dem Detektor das gleiche Ausgangssignal des Infrarotsensors ergibt.The object of the present invention is to provide an infrared intrusion detector which avoids the disadvantages of the previously known infrared intrusion detectors and which is in particular able to continuously monitor an elongated space by means of a curtain-like sensitivity zone such that the penetration of an object emitting infrared radiation into the Sensitivity zone at any distance from the detector gives the same output from the infrared sensor.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Infraroteindringdetektor der eingangs genannten Art durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen definiert.This object is achieved in an infrared intrusion detector of the type mentioned by the characterizing features of patent claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors sind die optischen Bündelungsmittel so konstruiert und angeordnet, daß die Größe der durch den Infrarotsensor als Scheitelpunkt und die äußere Begrenzungslinie des jeweiligen Bündelungsmittels gebildeten Raumwinkel eine Funktion des Abstandes des genutzten Wirkbereichs der Strahlungsempfangsbereiche vom Detektor ist, wobei die Raumwinkel der Bündelungsmittel, welche zu Strahlungsempfangsbereichen mit am weitesten entfernten und am nächsten gelegenen genutzten Wirkbereichen gehören, am größten und die Raumwinkel der Bündelungsmittel, die zu Strahlungsempfangsbereichen mit genutzten Wirkbereichen in mittleren Abständen vom Detektor gehören, am kleinsten sind. Der Grund für diese unterschiedliche Gewichtung der Raumwinkel besteht darin, daß ein naher und ein entfernter Eindringling weniger individuelle Zonen durchschreitet, als ein Eindringling in einem mittleren Entfernungsbereich (vgl. Figur 6). Dabei bestehen die optischen Bündelungsmittel vorzugsweise aus einer Vielzahl von parabolischen Spiegeln, insbesondere in einer Anzahl zwischen sieben und fünfzehn.In a preferred embodiment of the infrared penetration detector according to the invention, the optical bundling means are constructed and arranged in such a way that the size of the solid angle formed by the infrared sensor as the vertex and the outer boundary line of the respective bundling means is a function of the distance of the effective area used for the radiation reception areas from the detector, the solid angle the bundling means, which belong to radiation reception areas with the most distant and closest used effective areas, are largest and the solid angles of the bundling means, which belong to radiation reception areas with used effective areas at medium distances from the detector, are smallest. The reason for this different weighting of the solid angle is that a close one and a distant intruder crosses fewer individual zones than an intruder in a medium range (see FIG. 6). The optical focusing means preferably consist of a large number of parabolic mirrors, in particular a number between seven and fifteen.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors bestehen die optischen Bündelungsmittel aus einer Vielzahl von Fresnellinsen, vorzugsweise in einer Anzahl zwischen sieben und fünfzehn, insbesondere in einer Anzahl von elf.According to a further embodiment of the infrared intrusion detector according to the invention, the optical focusing means consist of a large number of Fresnel lenses, preferably in a number between seven and fifteen, in particular in a number of eleven.
Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors weist dieser elf Hohlspiegel als optische Bündelungsmittel auf, wobei - wenn man den Raumwinkel des dem Strahlungsempfangsbereich mit dem am weitesten vom Sensor entfernten genutzten Wirkbereich entsprechenden Spiegels zu 100% festsetzt - der zu dem nächsten näher gelegenen Strahlungsempfangsbereich gehörende Spiegel einen Raumwinkel von ebenfalls ca. 100% aufweist und die Raumwinkel der Spiegel, welche zu den beiden folgenden näher gelegenen Strahlungsempfangsbereichen gehören, ca. 48% betragen und die Raumwinkel der Spiegel, welche zu den folgenden näher gelegenen Strahlungsempfangsbereichen gehören, ca. 44%, ca. 44%, ca. 28%, ca. 30%, ca. 42% und ca. 49% und der Raumwinkel des Spiegels, welcher zu dem am nächsten gelegenen Strahlungsempfangsbereich gehört, ca. 143% betragen.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the infrared penetration detector according to the invention, it has eleven concave mirrors as optical bundling means, wherein - if one sets the solid angle of the mirror corresponding to the radiation receiving area with the effective area most distant from the sensor used - the one belonging to the next closer radiation receiving area Mirror also has a solid angle of approx. 100% and the solid angles of the mirrors belonging to the two following closer radiation reception areas are approx. 48% and the solid angles of the mirrors which belong to the following closer radiation reception areas approx. 44% , approx. 44%, approx. 28%, approx. 30%, approx. 42% and approx. 49% and the solid angle of the mirror, which belongs to the closest radiation reception area, is approx. 143%.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors bestehen die optischen Bündelungsmittel aus einer Vielzahl von Hohlspiegeln in Kombination mit einer Vielzahl von Fresnellinsen, wobei vorzugsweise die Fresnellinsen die entfernteren Strahlungsempfangsbereiche und die Hohlspiegel die näher gelegenen Strahlungsempfangsbereiche abdecken.According to a further embodiment of the infrared penetration detector according to the invention, the optical focusing means consist of a large number of concave mirrors in combination with a large number of Fresnel lenses, the Fresnel lenses preferably covering the more distant radiation reception areas and the concave mirrors covering the closer radiation reception areas.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an Hand des in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigen
- Figur 1
- eine Darstellung des Feldmusters der Spiegelanordnung eines Infraroteindringdetektors des Standes der Technik in der Azimutebene,
Figur 2- eine Darstellung des Feldmusters der Spiegelanordnung eines Infraroteindringdetektors des Standes der Technik in der Elevationsebene,
- Figur 3
- eine Aufsicht auf die Spiegelanordnung eines erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors,
Figur 4- eine Seitenansicht der Spiegelanordnung eines erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors,
- Figur 5
- die Draufsicht auf die Strahlungsempfangsbereiche in Bodennähe eines in 2,5m Höhe montierten erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors,
Figur 6- die Seitenansicht der Strahlungsempfangsbereiche eines in 2,5m Höhe montierten erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors und
- Figur 7
- die graphische Darstellung der Empfindlichkeit eines erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors im Vergleich zu einem Infraroteindringdetektor des Standes der Technik.
- Figure 1
- 2 shows a representation of the field pattern of the mirror arrangement of an infrared intrusion detector of the prior art in the azimuth plane,
- Figure 2
- a representation of the field pattern of the mirror arrangement an infrared intrusion detector of the prior art in the elevation plane,
- Figure 3
- a top view of the mirror arrangement of an infrared intrusion detector according to the invention,
- Figure 4
- a side view of the mirror arrangement of an infrared intrusion detector according to the invention,
- Figure 5
- the top view of the radiation receiving areas near the ground of an infrared intrusion detector according to the invention mounted at a height of 2.5 m,
- Figure 6
- the side view of the radiation receiving areas of an infrared intrusion detector according to the invention mounted at a height of 2.5 m and
- Figure 7
- the graphical representation of the sensitivity of an infrared intrusion detector according to the invention in comparison to an infrared intrusion detector of the prior art.
Die Darstellung des Feldmusters eines bekannten Infraroteindringdetektors gemäß Figur 1 und 2 zeigt, daß der zu überwachende Raum nicht hinreichend dicht mit Empfindlichkeitsbereichen überdeckt ist.The representation of the field pattern of a known infrared intrusion detector according to FIGS. 1 and 2 shows that the space to be monitored is not covered with sensitivity areas with sufficient density.
In Figur 3 ist eine Aufsicht auf die Vorderseite einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors dargestellt; die optischen Bündelungsmittel J1 bis J11 sind in diesem Spezialfall einzelne Hohlspiegel, bzw. Hohlspiegelelemente J1 bis J11, die in einer Vielzahl von vertikal versetzten Reihen angeordnet und so konstruiert sind, daß sie die aus den einzelnen Strahlungsempfangsbereichen I1 bis I11 auf den Detektor fallende Strahlung auf den Infrarotsensor S (vgl. Figur 4) fokussieren. Zu diesem Zweck ist ihre Oberfläche vorzugsweise in Form eines Paraboloids gekrümmt.FIG. 3 shows a top view of the front of an embodiment of an infrared intrusion detector according to the invention; In this special case, the optical bundling means J1 to J11 are individual concave mirrors, or concave mirror elements J1 to J11, which are arranged in a plurality of vertically offset rows and are constructed in such a way that they absorb the radiation falling on the detector from the individual radiation reception areas I1 to I11 focus the infrared sensor S (see FIG. 4). For this purpose, its surface is preferably curved in the form of a paraboloid.
Die äußere Begrenzungslinie der für die Bündelung der Strahlung wirksamen Oberfläche der Spiegelelemente J1 bis J11 ist mehr oder weniger regelmäßig ausgebildet und bildet zusammen mit dem im Brennpunkt angeordneten Sensor S einen Raumwinkel. Wie aus der Figur 4 erkennbar ist, befindet sich der Sensor S in der Nähe der Spiegelelemente J6, J9 und J11. Am weitesten entfernt ist das Spiegelelement J1, das die Fokussierung der aus dem dem Detektor am entferntesten gelegenen Strahlungsempfangsbereich I1 auf den Detektor auftreffenden Strahlung auf den Sensor (S) bewirkt. Obwohl die für die vom Detektor weiter entfernt gelegenen Strahlungsempfangsbereiche I8 bis I11 zuständigen Spiegelelemente J8 bis J11 flächenmäßig verhältnismäßig klein sind, sind ihre Raumwinkel wegen der Nähe des Sensors S sehr groß.The outer boundary line of the surface of the mirror elements J1 to J11 which is effective for focusing the radiation is more or less regularly formed and, together with the sensor S arranged in the focal point, forms a solid angle. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the sensor S is located in the vicinity of the mirror elements J6, J9 and J11. The most distant is the mirror element J1, which focuses on the detector the radiation reception area I1 that is most distant from the detector Radiation on the sensor (S) causes. Although the mirror elements J8 to J11, which are responsible for the radiation reception areas I8 to I11 further away from the detector, are relatively small in area, their solid angles are very large because of the proximity of the sensor S.
Die Spiegelelemente J1 bis J11 sind so bemessen und angeordnet, daß die Strahlungsempfangsbereiche I1 bis I11 den zu überwachenden Raum in vertikaler Richtung überlappend abdecken. Außerdem ist ihre Grösse und ihr Abstand vom und ihr Winkel zum Sensor S so ausgebildet, daß die Summe der aus unterschiedlichen Strahlungsempfangsbereichen I1 bis I11 von einem sich bewegenden, Infrarotstrahlung aussendenden Objekt der Gestalt eines aufrecht gehenden Menschen auf den Sensor S fallenden Strahlung konstant ist.The mirror elements J1 to J11 are dimensioned and arranged such that the radiation receiving areas I1 to I11 cover the space to be monitored in an overlapping manner in the vertical direction. In addition, their size and their distance from and their angle to the sensor S are designed such that the sum of the radiation falling on the sensor S from different radiation receiving areas I1 to I11 from a moving object emitting infrared radiation in the shape of an upright person is constant.
Dies wird im angeführten Beispiel dadurch erreicht, daß die Größe der Spiegelelemente so bemessen ist, daß der durch den Infrarotsensor S als Scheitelpunkt und die äußere Begrenzungslinie des jeweiligen Bündelungsmittels J1 bis J11 gebildete Raumwinkel eine Funktion des Abstandes des genutzten Wirkbereichs der Strahlungsempfangsbereiche I1 bis I11 vom Detektor ist, wobei die Raumwinkel der Bündelungsmittel J1, J2 und J11, welche zu Strahlungsempfangsbereichen mit am weitesten entfernten I1, I2 und am nächsten I11 gelegenen genutzten Wirkbereichen gehören, am größten und die Raumwinkel der Bündelungsmittel J7, J8, die zu Strahlungsempfangsbereichen mit genutzten Wirkbereichen in mittleren I7, I8 Abständen vom Detektor gehören, am kleinsten sind.This is achieved in the example given in that the size of the mirror elements is dimensioned such that the solid angle formed by the infrared sensor S as the vertex and the outer boundary line of the respective bundling means J1 to J11 is a function of the distance of the effective area used for the radiation receiving areas I1 to I11 from The detector is the largest, and the solid angles of the bundling means J1, J2 and J11, which belong to radiation reception areas with the most distant used I1, I2 and closest I11 effective areas, and the solid angles of the bundling means J7, J8, the radiation receiving areas with used effective areas belong at medium I7, I8 distances from the detector, are smallest.
Figur 4 zeigt eine Seitenansicht der Spiegelanordnung J1 bis J11 eines erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors gemäß Figur 3. Die Spiegelelemente J8, J9 und J10, bzw. J3 und J4 liegen in Blickrichtung in einer Reihe hintereinander und sind daher in der Figur 4 nicht getrennt erkennbar. Gut erkennbar ist, daß sich der Sensor S in unmittelbarer Nähe des Spiegelelementes J11 befindet, wodurch sich trotz der relativen Kleinheit des Spiegelelementes J11 ein sehr großer Raumwinkel ergibt. Umgekehrt weist das Spiegelelement J1 die größte effektive Spiegelfläche auf; wegen des großen Abstandes vom Sensor S ist der von diesem Spiegelelemente umfaßte Raumwinkel aber kleiner als der Raumwinkel für das Spiegelelement J11.FIG. 4 shows a side view of the mirror arrangement J1 to J11 of an infrared intrusion detector according to the invention according to FIG. 3. The mirror elements J8, J9 and J10, or J3 and J4 lie in a row one behind the other in the viewing direction and can therefore not be seen separately in FIG. It can be clearly seen that the sensor S is located in the immediate vicinity of the mirror element J11, which results in a very large solid angle despite the relative smallness of the mirror element J11. Conversely, the mirror element J1 has the largest effective mirror surface; Because of the large distance from the sensor S, the solid angle encompassed by this mirror element is smaller than the solid angle for the mirror element J11.
Die Größe der Raumwinkel, welche die Spiegelelemente J1 bis J11, vom Sensor S aus gesehen, aufspannen, d.h. die unterschiedliche Gewichtung, ergibt sich aus der folgenden Tabelle:
D.h. die Raumwinkel der Spiegelelemente J1, J2, die zu den Strahlungsempfangsbereichen I1, I2 gehören, welche die dem Detektor am entferntesten gelegenen Zonen überwachen, sind gleich 100 gesetzt.I.e. the solid angles of the mirror elements J1, J2, which belong to the radiation receiving areas I1, I2, which monitor the zones furthest away from the detector, are set to 100.
Die Brennweiten der einzelnen Spiegelelemente J1 bis J11 werden den jeweiligen genutzten Wirkbereichen der (entsprechenden) individuellen Zonen in der Weise angepaßt, daß das jeweils auf den Sensor S gelangende Signal in Abhängigkeit von der Distanz innerhalb des genutzten Wirkbereichs ein Maximum erreicht. Unter "genutztem Wirkbereich" ist innerhalb des Strahlungsempfangsbereichs I1 bis I11 derjenige Bereich zu verstehen, in welchem die Infrarotstrahlung eines aufrecht gehenden Menschen geometrisch betrachtet einen wesentlichen Beitrag zum Sensorsignal liefert. In der folgenden Tabelle sind die genutzten Wirkbereiche, die man auch als "Hauptwirkbereiche" bezeichnen kann, sowie die lokalen Brennweiten der zugehörigen Spiegelelemente J1 bis J11 für die Strahlungsempfangsbereiche I1 bis I11 angegeben.
In den Figuren 5 und 6 ist die Gesamtheit der Strahlungsempfangsbereiche eines erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors gemäß Figuren 3 und 4 graphisch dargestellt und zwar in Figur 5 senkrecht von oben und in Figur 6 von der Seite gesehen. Aus der Draufsicht ist erkennbar, daß die Strahlungsempfangsbereiche I1 bis I11 schmal sind, aus der Seitenansicht ist erkennbar, daß die Strahlungsempfangsbereiche I1 und I2 aber außerordentlich weit reichen. In Figur 6 sind die einzelnen Strahlungsempfangsbereiche I1 bis I11 für einen in ca 2,5m Höhe montierten Infraroteindringdetektor gezeigt. Es ist erkennbar, daß ein Infrarotstrahlung aussendendes Objekt, das in etwa die Gestalt eines aufrecht gehenden Menschen hat, im mittleren Entfernungsbereich Infrarotstrahlung in mehreren Strahlungsempfangsbereichen I2, I3, I4 aussendet, während es z.B. im entferntesten Strahlungsempfangsbereich I1 nur in einem einzigen Strahlungsempfangsbereich Infrarotstrahlung aussendet.5 and 6, the entirety of the radiation reception areas of an infrared penetration detector according to the invention according to FIGS. 3 and 4 is shown graphically, specifically in FIG. 5 viewed vertically from above and in FIG. 6 from the side. From the top view it can be seen that the radiation receiving areas I1 to I11 are narrow, from the side view it can be seen that the radiation receiving areas I1 and I2, however, extend extremely far. FIG. 6 shows the individual radiation reception areas I1 to I11 for an infrared penetration detector mounted at a height of approximately 2.5 m. It can be seen that an object emitting infrared radiation, which has approximately the shape of an upright person, emits infrared radiation in several radiation receiving areas I2, I3, I4 in the middle distance range, while e.g. in the most distant radiation reception area I1 only emits infrared radiation in a single radiation reception area.
In Figur 7 ist die unterschiedliche Empfindlichkeit von Infraroteindringdetektoren gegenüber Infrarotstrahlung aussendenden Objekten in Abhängigkeit von der Entfernung vom Detektor für zwei Infraroteindringdetektoren graphisch dargestellt. Auf der Ordinatenachse ist das Sensorsignal [in relativen Einheiten] und auf der Abszissenachse die Entfernung des Infrarotstrahlung aussendenden Objektes in Metern angegeben. Die Kurve b) gilt für einen Infraroteindringdetektor gemäß EP-A1-0'262'241 (=̂US-PS-4,740,701), die Kurve a) für einen Infraroteindringdetektor gemäß vorliegender Erfindung. Die Kurve c) gibt die Detektionsschwelle der Infraroteindringdetektoren für ein Infrarotstrahlung aussendendes Objekt an. Die Kurven gelten für ein Infrarotstrahlung aussendendes Objekt, das annähernd die Gestalt eines aufrecht gehenden Menschen hat und das sich in verschiedenen Entfernungen mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 60cm/sec quer durch einen oder mehrere der Strahlungsempfangsbereiche I1 bis I11 bewegt. Man erkennt für den Infraroteindringdetektor gemäß Stand der Technik die starke Abhängigkeit des Infrarotsensorsignals von der Entfernung. Im Gegensatz dazu ist die Empfindlichkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Infraroteindringdetektors für alle Entfernungen nahezu gleich.FIG. 7 shows the different sensitivity of infrared intrusion detectors to objects emitting infrared radiation as a function of the distance from the detector for two infrared intrusion detectors. The sensor signal is in the ordinate axis [in relative units] and the distance of the infrared radiation is emitted on the abscissa axis Property in meters. Curve b) applies to an infrared penetration detector according to EP-A1-0'262'241 (= ̂US-PS-4,740,701), curve a) applies to an infrared penetration detector according to the present invention. Curve c) indicates the detection threshold of the infrared intrusion detectors for an object emitting infrared radiation. The curves apply to an object emitting infrared radiation, which has approximately the shape of an upright human being and which moves at different distances at a speed of 60 cm / sec across one or more of the radiation receiving areas I1 to I11. One can see for the infrared intrusion detector according to the prior art the strong dependence of the infrared sensor signal on the distance. In contrast, the sensitivity of the infrared intrusion detector according to the invention is almost the same for all distances.
Abwandlungen der vorbeschriebenen Konstruktion für Infraroteindringdetektoren sind im Rahmen der Erfindung gemäß den Ansprüchen möglich und dem Fachmann geläufig.Modifications of the above-described construction for infrared intrusion detectors are possible within the scope of the invention according to the claims and are familiar to the person skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
- Infrared intrusion detector for detecting the intrusion of objects emitting infrared radiation in elongate rooms, having an infrared sensor (S), which is enclosed by a housing and emits an electric signal in dependence on the changeover time in the intensity of the impinging radiation, having a multiplicity of optical focusing means (J1 to J11) for focusing on the common infrared sensor (S) the infrared radiation from a multiplicity of radiation receiving areas (I1 to I11), and having an evaluation circuit, which emits an alarm signal if a predetermined threshold value of the output signal of the infrared sensor (S) is exceeded, characterised in that the optical focusing means (J1 to J11) are designed and arranged in a multiplicity of horizontally and/or vertically offset rows such that the radiation receiving areas (I1 to I11) cover the room to be monitored in a manner overlapping in the vertical direction and in that the size of the solid angles formed by the infrared sensor (S) as the vertex and the outer delimiting line of the respective focusing means (J1 to J11) is made such that the sum of the radiation falling on the infrared sensor (S) from different radiation receiving areas (I1 to I11) of a moving object emitting infrared radiation of the form of a person walking upright is constant at every distance from the detector.
- Detector according to Patent Claim 1, characterised in that the optical focusing means (J1 to J11) are designed such that the size of the solid angle formed by the infrared sensor (S) as the vertex and the outer delimiting line of the respective focusing means (J1 to J11) is a function of the distance of the used effective range of the radiation receiving areas (I1 to I11) from the detector, the greatest solid angles being of the focusing means (J1, J2) which belong to radiation receiving areas having used effective ranges furthest away (I1, I2) and closest (I10, I11), and the smallest solid angles being of the focusing means (J7, J8) which belong to radiation receiving areas having used effective ranges at moderate distances (I7, I8) from the detector.
- Detector according to one of Patent Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the optical focusing means (J1 to J11) comprise a multiplicity of hollow mirrors, preferably of a number between seven and fifteen.
- Detector according to one of Patent Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the optical focusing means (J1 to J11) comprise a multiplicity of Fresnel lenses, preferably of a number between seven and fifteen, in particular eleven.
- Detector according to Patent Claim 3, characterised in that it has eleven hollow mirrors (J1 to J11) as optical focusing means, in that, if the solid angle of the mirror (J1) which belongs to the furthest-reaching radiation receiving area (I1) is set as 100, the solid angle of the mirror (J2) which belongs to the next nearer radiation receiving area (I2) has a solid angle [sic] of likewise about 100%, in that the solid angles of the mirrors (J3, J4) which belong to the two next nearer radiation receiving areas (I3, I4) are about 48% and in that the solid angles of the mirrors (J5 to J10) which belong to the following nearer radiation receiving areas are (I5) about 44%, (I6) about 44%, (I7) about 28%, (I8) about 30%, (I9) about 42%, (I10) about 49%, and the solid angle of the mirror (J11) which belongs to the nearest radiation receiving area (I11) is about 143%.
- Detector according to one of Patent Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the optical focusing means (J1 to J11) comprise a multiplicity of hollow mirrors in combination with a multiplicity of Fresnel lenses, the Fresnel lenses (J1 to J4) preferably belonging to the radiation receiving areas (I1 to I4) having further-away used effective ranges and the hollow mirrors (J5 to J11) preferably belonging to the radiation receiving areas (I5 to I11) having nearer used effective ranges.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT89117077T ATE96928T1 (en) | 1988-09-22 | 1989-09-15 | INFRARED INTRUSION DETECTOR. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH3508/88 | 1988-09-22 | ||
| CH3508/88A CH676642A5 (en) | 1988-09-22 | 1988-09-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0361224A1 EP0361224A1 (en) | 1990-04-04 |
| EP0361224B1 true EP0361224B1 (en) | 1993-11-03 |
Family
ID=4257502
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89117077A Expired - Lifetime EP0361224B1 (en) | 1988-09-22 | 1989-09-15 | Infrared intrusion detector |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4990783A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0361224B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE96928T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1313239C (en) |
| CH (1) | CH676642A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE58906096D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2048253T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH681574A5 (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1993-04-15 | Cerberus Ag | |
| US5311024A (en) * | 1992-03-11 | 1994-05-10 | Sentrol, Inc. | Lens arrangement for intrusion detection device |
| EP0566852B1 (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1998-08-26 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Human body detection system |
| US5955854A (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1999-09-21 | Prospects Corporation | Power driven venting of a vehicle |
| DE4327229A1 (en) * | 1993-08-13 | 1995-02-16 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Device for setting at least one manipulated variable related to a specific manipulated variable in a motion detector |
| DE59407180D1 (en) * | 1994-07-04 | 1998-12-03 | Cerberus Ag | Infrared detector with a pyroelectric sensor |
| EP0707294A1 (en) | 1994-10-10 | 1996-04-17 | Cerberus Ag | Mirror for an infrared intrusion detector and infrared intrusion detector with a mirror arrangement |
| CA2196014C (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 2001-05-08 | Reinhart Karl Pildner | Size discriminating dual element pir detector |
| US6157024A (en) * | 1999-06-03 | 2000-12-05 | Prospects, Corp. | Method and apparatus for improving the performance of an aperture monitoring system |
| EP1089244B1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2004-03-31 | Siemens Building Technologies AG | Mirrors layout in a passive infrared detector |
| EP1089245B1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2004-03-31 | Siemens Building Technologies AG | Passive infrared detector |
| DE50012649D1 (en) * | 2000-02-11 | 2006-06-01 | Siemens Schweiz Ag Zuerich | presence detector |
| CA2300644C (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2009-07-14 | Digital Security Controls Ltd. | Pet resistant pir detector |
| US6693273B1 (en) | 2000-05-02 | 2004-02-17 | Prospects, Corp. | Method and apparatus for monitoring a powered vent opening with a multifaceted sensor system |
| US6265972B1 (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2001-07-24 | Digital Security Controls Ltd. | Pet resistant pir detector |
| EP1308914B1 (en) | 2001-11-05 | 2004-08-25 | Siemens Building Technologies AG | Passive Infrared detector |
| US7755052B2 (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2010-07-13 | Suren Systems, Ltd. | PIR motion sensor |
| DE502004008486D1 (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2009-01-02 | Siemens Ag | Passive infrared detector |
| CN101167110B (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2010-05-19 | 西荣科技有限公司 | Improved PIR motion sensor |
| EP2450859B1 (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2016-10-05 | Vanderbilt International GmbH | Multi mirror optics of passive radiation detector |
| EP2752688A1 (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2014-07-09 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd | Fresnel lens and pyroelectricity sensor module including the same |
| US10122847B2 (en) * | 2014-07-20 | 2018-11-06 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Electronic device and method for detecting presence and motion |
| US10539718B2 (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2020-01-21 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fresnel lens array with improved off-axis optical efficiency |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4339748A (en) * | 1980-04-08 | 1982-07-13 | American District Telegraph Company | Multiple range passive infrared detection system |
| US4625115A (en) * | 1984-12-11 | 1986-11-25 | American District Telegraph Company | Ceiling mountable passive infrared intrusion detection system |
| EP0191155B1 (en) * | 1985-01-24 | 1990-07-18 | Cerberus Ag | Infrared intrusion detector |
| US4734585A (en) * | 1985-07-17 | 1988-03-29 | Racal-Guardall (Scotland) Ltd. | Passive infra-red sensor |
| EP0218055B1 (en) * | 1985-09-02 | 1989-11-08 | Heimann GmbH | Infrared movement detector |
| US4769545A (en) * | 1986-11-26 | 1988-09-06 | American Iris Corporation | Motion detector |
| CH675316A5 (en) * | 1987-08-11 | 1990-09-14 | Cerberus Ag | |
| US4841284A (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1989-06-20 | C & K Systems, Inc. | Infrared intrusion detection system incorporating a fresnel lens and a mirror |
| DE3742031A1 (en) * | 1987-12-11 | 1989-06-22 | Asea Brown Boveri | MOTION DETECTOR WITH AN INFRARED DETECTOR |
| US4920268A (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1990-04-24 | Detection Systems, Inc. | Passive infrared detection system with substantially uniform sensitivity over multiple detection zones |
-
1988
- 1988-09-22 CH CH3508/88A patent/CH676642A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1989
- 1989-09-15 ES ES89117077T patent/ES2048253T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-09-15 EP EP89117077A patent/EP0361224B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-09-15 DE DE89117077T patent/DE58906096D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-09-15 AT AT89117077T patent/ATE96928T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-09-19 US US07/409,142 patent/US4990783A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-09-21 CA CA000612291A patent/CA1313239C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE58906096D1 (en) | 1993-12-09 |
| US4990783A (en) | 1991-02-05 |
| ES2048253T3 (en) | 1994-03-16 |
| CH676642A5 (en) | 1991-02-15 |
| CA1313239C (en) | 1993-01-26 |
| ATE96928T1 (en) | 1993-11-15 |
| EP0361224A1 (en) | 1990-04-04 |
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