EP1612750B1 - Passive infrared detector - Google Patents

Passive infrared detector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1612750B1
EP1612750B1 EP04015646A EP04015646A EP1612750B1 EP 1612750 B1 EP1612750 B1 EP 1612750B1 EP 04015646 A EP04015646 A EP 04015646A EP 04015646 A EP04015646 A EP 04015646A EP 1612750 B1 EP1612750 B1 EP 1612750B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
additional part
reflectors
mirror
sensor
reflector row
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EP04015646A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1612750A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Dr. Allemann
Kurt Dr. Müller
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Priority to EP04015646A priority Critical patent/EP1612750B1/en
Priority to AT04015646T priority patent/ATE414965T1/en
Priority to DE502004008486T priority patent/DE502004008486D1/en
Publication of EP1612750A1 publication Critical patent/EP1612750A1/en
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Publication of EP1612750B1 publication Critical patent/EP1612750B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/19—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/193—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems using focusing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a passive infrared detector with a heat-sensitive sensor and a mirror for bundling the falling from the interstitial space on the detector heat radiation to the sensor, wherein the mirror of reflectors existing reflector rows for monitoring areas with different location in the interstitial space and for a distinction between Man and animal is formed on the basis of the amplitude of the sensor signal.
  • Passive infrared detectors of this type are mainly used in the private sector and meet a market need there, because they largely suppress an alarm triggered by pets.
  • the latter is commonly referred to as "pet immunity”.
  • This can be achieved, in particular, with special optics which, together with the heat-sensitive sensor, prefer vertical objects, ie upright people, to horizontal objects, that is to say, pets running or crawling on the ground.
  • detector families consisting of a plurality of detectors for different applications are preferably offered today, which preferably all use the same optics, the optics here meaning the mirror or possibly a Fresnel lens arrangement. See for example the EP-A-1 089 245 ,
  • a passive infrared detector of the type mentioned with pet immunity should be specified, which can be made awakecreechicher with little effort.
  • an attachable to the mirror and selected reflectors or at least one reflector row covering additional part which has on its side facing the sensor an imaging optics with a different characteristic than the covered reflectors.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the detector according to the invention is characterized in that said additional part is formed by a plastic part in the manner of a clip.
  • the plastic part of dark-colored acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer (ABS).
  • a second preferred embodiment of the detector according to the invention is characterized in that the additional part is designed as an elastic clamping element.
  • a third preferred embodiment of the detector according to the invention in which the reflectors of at least one row of reflectors consist of a number of subelements, so that the monitoring areas of these at least one row of reflectors are vertically split into stacked subzones of slightly different elevation, characterized in that said Additional part for the cover of the at least one row of reflectors is provided and has on its side facing the sensor depending on a single, continuously curved surface existing reflectors.
  • the additional part can have on its side facing the sensor a refractive-optical relief structure on which the incident radiation experiences an additional refraction.
  • a fourth preferred embodiment is characterized in that the mirror and the additional part in shape and size are coordinated so that the additional part on the mirror can be fastened only in such a position that it completely covers the desired reflectors or the desired at least one row of reflectors ,
  • the erfindungsmässe detector has the advantage that it can be easily and inexpensively adapted to different applications by the additional part, in particular can be made hypocritical.
  • the latter is achieved by covering reflector rows of the mirror for certain zones, for example the reflector row for the near zone and / or middle zone, with the additional part, whereby the PET immunity is omitted for these zones, but the detector also crawls on the floor, cowering or lying on a skateboard people appeals.
  • the elimination of PET immunity is not serious, because in high-security rooms usually no pets are kept.
  • the trained as an elastic clamping element attachment can be plugged with a simple handle on the mirror. You can attach the additional part of the detector as an accessory, so that a possible adaptation of the detector can even be made by the customer.
  • the invention further relates to an additional part for the optics of a passive infrared detector, which has a heat-sensitive sensor and a mirror for bundling the falling from the interstitial space on the detector heat radiation to the sensor.
  • This additional part is characterized in that it is placed on the mirror and this at least partially covers in the attached state, and at its the sensor facing side has an imaging optics with a different characteristic than the covered surface of the mirror.
  • the refractive-political relief structure is formed by strips with wedge-shaped cross-section.
  • the additional part is preferably made of polyethylene.
  • a preferred embodiment of the inventive additional part for a passive infrared detector with a mirror which has a first reflector row for a remote zone, a second row of reflectors for a central zone, a third row of reflectors for a near zone and a fourth row of reflectors for a look-down zone whose Reflectors are split into faces, is characterized in that the additional part for the cover of the reflector row for the middle zone and / or the reflector row for the near zone and / or the reflector row is provided for the look-down zone.
  • the in the Figures 1 and 2 illustrated mirror assembly 1 is a further development of in the EP-A-0 303 913 described mirror, by which this level is improved so that it is immune to pets in its effective range.
  • the mirror assembly 1 consists of a number of reflectors, which are designed so that the space to be monitored is fan-shaped covered with outgoing by the detector monitoring areas, wherein corresponding to different distances from the detector more "such fan areas" or surveillance zones are provided.
  • a distinction is made, for example, four monitoring zones, a remote zone, a central zone, a near zone and a so-called look-down zone, which are covered by four rows of reflectors offset in the vertical direction.
  • These rows are in the mirror assembly 1 the row R 1 for the remote zone, the row R 2 for the middle zone, the row R 3 for the near zone and the row R 4 for the look-down zone, the latter row only a single reflector having.
  • the fan-shaped coverage is achieved by mutually displacing the reflectors of each row in the horizontal direction, and to achieve an approximately uniform coverage pattern, the number of reflectors per row increases with the distance of the respective surveillance zone from the detector.
  • Each reflector "looks" into a specific solid angle of a certain zone, receives the heat radiation incident from this solid angle and focuses it onto a heat-sensitive sensor S (FIG. Fig. 2 ), which is formed for example by a pyrosensor.
  • the pyrosensor is preferably a so-called standard dual-pyrosensor, as used for example in the passive infrared detectors of Siemens Building Technologies AG, formerly Cerberus AG (see also EP-A-0 303 913 ).
  • the sensor detects the heat radiation emitted by this object, whereupon the detector emits an alarm signal. This alarm signal indicates that an object, such as an intruder, is in the interstitial space.
  • the reflector row R 1 for the remote zone consists of seven paraboloidal strip-like reflectors 2 to 8, the reflector row R 2 for the central zone of five reflectors 9 to 13, the row of reflectors R 3 for the near zone of three reflectors 14 to 16 and the reflector row R 4 for the near zone of a single reflector 17.
  • This arrangement is identical to that in the EP-A-0 303 913 described.
  • the individual reflectors do not consist of a single, continuously curved surface, but each have a plurality of partial surfaces of different vertical orientation, whereby the associated monitoring areas are correspondingly split into subzones.
  • the transitions between the faces are in the Fig. 1 and 2 indicated by dashed horizontal lines or curves.
  • Fig. 1 it can be seen, consist of the reflectors 2 to 8 for the remote zone and the reflectors 9 to 13 for the central zone of three, the reflectors 14 to 16 for the near zone of four and the reflector 17 for the look-down zone of five faces ,
  • the individual partial surfaces are so weighted, ie their optical aperture and their surface are chosen so that a transversely to the cover pattern moving dog of a certain size (for example haired dog, 80 cm long and 60 cm high) generates a signal for each distance from the dog to the detector is about the same size.
  • a transversely to the cover pattern moving dog of a certain size for example haired dog, 80 cm long and 60 cm high
  • a detector with PET immunity and sub-creep safety in the critical mid zone is characterized by the in Fig. 3 illustrated additional part Z created.
  • the additional part Z is provided for the cover of the reflector row R 2 for the central zone and generally has on its side facing the S an imaging optics with the desired characteristics.
  • the imaging optics having the desired characteristic are formed in that each focusing element of the reflector row R 2 is formed by a single, continuously curved reflector surface 9 ', 10', 11 ', 12' 13 'is formed, which has a constant elevation.
  • the additional part Z consists of black-colored acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer (ABS), which is the material used for the support layer of the mirror 1. See the EP-A-0 707 294 , Of course, the near zone R 3 could be covered by an additional part of the type shown.
  • the additional part consists of a material permeable to infrared radiation, such as polyethylene, and at its end the sensor S (FIG. Fig. 2 ) facing side has a kind of Fresnel structure.
  • This is to be understood as a refractive optical relief structure at which the incident radiation undergoes an additional refraction.
  • the Fresnel structure consists of strips of wedge-shaped cross section; the radiation passing through these strips is refracted as it enters and exits the strip, resulting in a change in the angle of incidence of the infrared radiation on the additional part Z.
  • This effect can be used to cancel the splitting of the focusing elements of the row of reflectors or rows of reflectors into sub-elements or to deliberately move the monitoring areas of a row of reflectors.
  • the angle of incidence of the infrared radiation impinging on the look-down zone can be made steeper and thereby the surveillance area of the look-down zone lay directly under the detector. Because by the fact that twice the refraction of the angle of incidence of the incident on the detector infrared radiation steepens, the monitoring range of the look-down zone R 4 moves closer to the detector.

Abstract

The detector has a heat sensitive sensor, and a mirror (1) collimating heat radiation falling from a monitoring room to the sensor. Reflecting arrays comprising reflectors are provided for monitoring the room in different positions, and the mirror discriminates between human and animal based on amplitude of sensor signal. An auxiliary part has an imaging optic with characteristics of reflectors that are covered on a side of the sensor.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Passiv-Infrarotmelder mit einem wärmeempfindlichen Sensor und einem Spiegel zur Bündelung der aus dem Überwachungsraum auf den Melder fallenden Wärmestrahlung auf den Sensor, wobei der Spiegel aus Reflektoren bestehende Reflektorreihen für Überwachungsbereiche mit unterschiedlicher Lage im Überwachungsraum aufweist und für eine Unterscheidung zwischen Mensch und Tier anhand der Amplitude des Sensorsignals ausgebildet ist.The present invention relates to a passive infrared detector with a heat-sensitive sensor and a mirror for bundling the falling from the interstitial space on the detector heat radiation to the sensor, wherein the mirror of reflectors existing reflector rows for monitoring areas with different location in the interstitial space and for a distinction between Man and animal is formed on the basis of the amplitude of the sensor signal.

Passiv-Infrarotmelder dieser Art werden vorwiegend im Privatbereich eingesetzt und entsprechen dort einem Marktbedürfnis, weil sie eine Alarmauslösung durch Haustiere weitgehend unterdrücken. Letzteres wird allgemein als "Pet-Immunität" bezeichnet. Diese lässt sich insbesondere mit speziellen Optiken erreichen, welche zusammen mit dem wärmeempfindlichen Sensor vertikale Objekte, also aufrecht gehende Menschen, gegenüber horizontalen Objekten, also auf dem Boden laufenden oder kriechenden Haustieren bevorzugen. Aus Kostengründen werden heute bevorzugt aus mehreren Meldern für verschiedene Applikationen bestehende Melderfamilien angeboten, die vorzugsweise alle die selbe Optik verwenden, wobei hier unter Optik der Spiegel oder eventuell eine Fresnellinsenanordnung zu verstehen ist. Siehe dazu beispielsweise die EP-A-1 089 245 .Passive infrared detectors of this type are mainly used in the private sector and meet a market need there, because they largely suppress an alarm triggered by pets. The latter is commonly referred to as "pet immunity". This can be achieved, in particular, with special optics which, together with the heat-sensitive sensor, prefer vertical objects, ie upright people, to horizontal objects, that is to say, pets running or crawling on the ground. For reasons of cost, detector families consisting of a plurality of detectors for different applications are preferably offered today, which preferably all use the same optics, the optics here meaning the mirror or possibly a Fresnel lens arrangement. See for example the EP-A-1 089 245 ,

Wenn aus einem solchen Melder für Anwendung im Privatbereich eine Variante für den Einsatz in Hochsicherheitsanlagen abgeleitet wird, kann sich das Problem ergeben, dass die Melder dann nicht vollständig unterkriechsicher sind, was aber beispielsweise von den Zulassungsstellen gefordert wird. Und dann stellt sich die Aufgabe, wie der bestehende Melder ohne grosse Eingriffe und mit möglichst geringem Aufwand unterkriechsicher gemacht werden kann.If a variant for use in high-security systems is derived from such a detector for use in the private sector, the problem may arise that the detectors are then not completely creep-resistant, but this is required by the registration authorities, for example. And then the task arises as to how the existing detector can be made less creep-proof without major intervention and with the least possible effort.

Durch die Erfindung soll ein Passiv-Infrarotmelder der eingangs genannten Art mit Pet-Immunität angegeben werden, der mit geringem Aufwand unterkriechsicher gemacht werden kann.By the invention, a passive infrared detector of the type mentioned with pet immunity should be specified, which can be made untercreechicher with little effort.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss gelöst durch ein auf den Spiegel aufsetzbares und ausgewählte Reflektoren oder mindestens eine Reflektorreihe abdeckendes Zusatzteil, welches an seiner dem Sensor zugewandten Seite eine abbildende Optik mit einer anderen Charakteristik als die abgedeckten Reflektoren aufweist.This object is achieved according to the invention by an attachable to the mirror and selected reflectors or at least one reflector row covering additional part, which has on its side facing the sensor an imaging optics with a different characteristic than the covered reflectors.

Eine erste bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Melders ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das genannte Zusatzteil durch ein Kunststoffteil in der Art eines Clips gebildet ist. Vorzugsweise besteht das Kunststoffteil aus dunkel eingefärbtem Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol-Polymerisat (ABS).A first preferred embodiment of the detector according to the invention is characterized in that said additional part is formed by a plastic part in the manner of a clip. Preferably, the plastic part of dark-colored acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer (ABS).

Eine zweite bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Melders ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zusatzteil als elastisches Klemmelement ausgebildet ist.A second preferred embodiment of the detector according to the invention is characterized in that the additional part is designed as an elastic clamping element.

Eine dritte bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Melders, bei welchem die Reflektoren mindestens einer Reflektorreihe aus einer Anzahl von Teilelementen bestehen, so dass die Überwachungsbereiche dieser mindestens einen Reflektorreihe vertikal in stapelartig aufeinander geschichtete Subzonen mit leicht unterschiedlicher Elevation aufgespaltet sind, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das genannte Zusatzteil für die Abdeckung der mindestens einen Reflektorreihe vorgesehen ist und an seiner dem Sensor zugewandten Seite je aus einer einzigen, stetig gekrümmten Fläche bestehende Reflektoren aufweist. Alternativ kann das Zusatzteil an seiner dem Sensor zugewandten Seite eine brechungsoptische Reliefstruktur aufweisen, an welcher die auftreffende Strahlung eine zusätzliche Brechung erfährt.A third preferred embodiment of the detector according to the invention, in which the reflectors of at least one row of reflectors consist of a number of subelements, so that the monitoring areas of these at least one row of reflectors are vertically split into stacked subzones of slightly different elevation, characterized in that said Additional part for the cover of the at least one row of reflectors is provided and has on its side facing the sensor depending on a single, continuously curved surface existing reflectors. Alternatively, the additional part can have on its side facing the sensor a refractive-optical relief structure on which the incident radiation experiences an additional refraction.

Eine vierte bevorzugte Ausführungsform ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Spiegel und das Zusatzteil in Form und Grösse so aufeinander abgestimmt sind, dass das Zusatzteil auf dem Spiegel nur in einer solchen Position befestigbar ist, dass es die gewünschten Reflektoren oder die gewünschte mindestens eine Reflektorreihe vollständig abdeckt.A fourth preferred embodiment is characterized in that the mirror and the additional part in shape and size are coordinated so that the additional part on the mirror can be fastened only in such a position that it completely covers the desired reflectors or the desired at least one row of reflectors ,

Der erfindungsmässe Melder hat den Vorteil, dass er durch das Zusatzteil einfach und kostengünstig an verschiedene Applikationen adaptiert, insbesondere unterkriechsicher gemacht werden kann. Letzteres erreicht man dadurch, dass man Reflektorreihen des Spiegels für gewisse Zonen, beispielsweise die Reflektorreihe für die Nahzone und/oder Mittelzone, mit dem Zusatzteil abdeckt, wodurch zwar für diese Zonen die PET-Immunität wegfällt, der Melder aber auch auf dem Boden kriechende, kauernde oder auf einem Rollbrett liegende Menschen anspricht. Der Wegfall der PET-Immunität ist aber nicht gravierend, weil in Hochsicherheitsräumen in der Regel keine Haustiere gehalten werden. Das als elastisches Klemmelement ausgebildete Zusatzteil kann mit einem einfachen Handgriff auf den Spiegel aufgesteckt werden. Man kann das Zusatzteil dem Melder als Zubehör beilegen, so dass eine eventuelle Adaptierung des Melders sogar durch den Kunden selbst vorgenommen werden kann.The erfindungsmässe detector has the advantage that it can be easily and inexpensively adapted to different applications by the additional part, in particular can be made hypocritical. The latter is achieved by covering reflector rows of the mirror for certain zones, for example the reflector row for the near zone and / or middle zone, with the additional part, whereby the PET immunity is omitted for these zones, but the detector also crawls on the floor, cowering or lying on a skateboard people appeals. The elimination of PET immunity is not serious, because in high-security rooms usually no pets are kept. The trained as an elastic clamping element attachment can be plugged with a simple handle on the mirror. You can attach the additional part of the detector as an accessory, so that a possible adaptation of the detector can even be made by the customer.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiter ein Zusatzteil für die Optik eines Passiv-Infrarotmelders, welcher einen wärmeempfindlichen Sensor und einen Spiegel zur Bündelung der aus dem Überwachungsraum auf den Melder fallenden Wärmestrahlung auf den Sensor aufweist.The invention further relates to an additional part for the optics of a passive infrared detector, which has a heat-sensitive sensor and a mirror for bundling the falling from the interstitial space on the detector heat radiation to the sensor.

Dieses Zusatzteil ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es auf den Spiegel aufsetzbar ist und dieses im aufgesetzten Zustand zumindest teilweise abdeckt, und an seiner dem Sensor zugewandten Seite eine abbildende Optik mit einer anderen Charakteristik als die abgedeckte Fläche des Spiegels aufweist.This additional part is characterized in that it is placed on the mirror and this at least partially covers in the attached state, and at its the sensor facing side has an imaging optics with a different characteristic than the covered surface of the mirror.

Vorzugsweise ist die brechungspolitische Reliefstruktur durch Streifen mit keilförmigem Querschnitt gebildet. In diesem Fall besteht das Zusatzteil vorzugsweise aus Polyäthylen.Preferably, the refractive-political relief structure is formed by strips with wedge-shaped cross-section. In this case, the additional part is preferably made of polyethylene.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Zusatzteils für einen Passiv-Infrarotmelder mit einem Spiegel, welcher eine erste Reflektorreihe für eine Fernzone, eine zweite Reflektorreihe für eine Mittelzone, eine dritte Reflektorreihe für eine Nahzone und eine vierte Reflektorreihe für eine Look-down-Zone aufweist, deren Reflektoren in Teilflächen aufgespaltet sind, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zusatzteil für die Abdeckung der Reflektorreihe für die Mittelzone und/oder der Reflektorreihe für die Nahzone und/oder der Reflektorreihe für die Look-down-Zone vorgesehen ist.A preferred embodiment of the inventive additional part for a passive infrared detector with a mirror, which has a first reflector row for a remote zone, a second row of reflectors for a central zone, a third row of reflectors for a near zone and a fourth row of reflectors for a look-down zone whose Reflectors are split into faces, is characterized in that the additional part for the cover of the reflector row for the middle zone and / or the reflector row for the near zone and / or the reflector row is provided for the look-down zone.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert; es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Vorderansicht des durch eine Spiegelanordnung gebildeten Fokussiermittels eines erfindungsgemässen Melders,
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt nach der Linie II - 11 von Fig. 1: und
Fig. 3
eine Vorderansicht eines Zusatzteils für den Melder gemäss Fig. 1 in einem etwas verkleinerten Massstab.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings; it shows:
Fig. 1
a schematic front view of the focusing means formed by a mirror arrangement of a detector according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a section along the line II - 11 of Fig. 1 : and
Fig. 3
a front view of an additional part for the detector according to Fig. 1 in a slightly reduced scale.

Die in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte Spiegelanordnung 1 ist eine Weiterentwicklung des in der EP-A-0 303 913 beschriebenen Spiegels, durch welche dieser Spiegel so verbessert wird, dass er gegen Haustiere in seinem Wirkbereich immun ist. Wie in der genannten EP-A-0 303 913 , auf deren Offenbarung hiermit ausdrücklich Bezug genommen wird, beschrieben ist, besteht die Spiegelanordnung 1 aus einer Anzahl von Reflektoren, welche so ausgebildet sind, dass der zu überwachende Raum mit vom Melder ausgehenden Überwachungsbereichen fächerförmig überdeckt ist, wobei entsprechend zu verschiedenen Abständen vom Melder mehrere "solcher Fächerbereiche" oder Überwachungszonen vorgesehen sind. Man unterscheidet beispielsweise vier Überwachungszonen, eine Fernzone, eine Mittelzone, eine Nahzone und eine sogenannte Look-down Zone, die durch vier in vertikaler Richtung versetzte Reflektorreihen abgedeckt sind.The in the Figures 1 and 2 illustrated mirror assembly 1 is a further development of in the EP-A-0 303 913 described mirror, by which this level is improved so that it is immune to pets in its effective range. As in the mentioned EP-A-0 303 913 , the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference, is described, the mirror assembly 1 consists of a number of reflectors, which are designed so that the space to be monitored is fan-shaped covered with outgoing by the detector monitoring areas, wherein corresponding to different distances from the detector more "such fan areas" or surveillance zones are provided. A distinction is made, for example, four monitoring zones, a remote zone, a central zone, a near zone and a so-called look-down zone, which are covered by four rows of reflectors offset in the vertical direction.

Diese Reihen sind bei der Spiegelanordnung 1 die Reihe R1 für die Fernzone, die Reihe R2 für die Mittelzone, die Reihe R3 für die Nahzone und die Reihe R4 für die Look-down Zone, wobei die letztere Reihe nur einen einzigen Reflektor aufweist. Die fächerförmige Überdeckung wird durch gegenseitige Versetzung der Reflektoren jeder Reihe in horizontaler Richtung erreicht, wobei zur Erzielung eines annähernd gleichförmigen Überdeckungsmusters die Anzahl der Reflektoren pro Reihe mit dem Abstand der jeweiligen Überwachungszone vom Melder zunimmt.These rows are in the mirror assembly 1 the row R 1 for the remote zone, the row R 2 for the middle zone, the row R 3 for the near zone and the row R 4 for the look-down zone, the latter row only a single reflector having. The fan-shaped coverage is achieved by mutually displacing the reflectors of each row in the horizontal direction, and to achieve an approximately uniform coverage pattern, the number of reflectors per row increases with the distance of the respective surveillance zone from the detector.

Jeder Reflektor "blickt" in einen bestimmten Raumwinkel einer bestimmte Zone, empfängt die aus diesem Raumwinkel einfallende Wärmestrahlung und bündelt diese auf einen wärmeempfindlichen Sensor S (Fig. 2), welcher beispielsweise durch einen Pyrosensor gebildet ist. Der Pyrosensor ist vorzugsweise ein sogenannter Standard-Dualpyrosensor, wie er beispielsweise in den Passiv-Infrarotdetektoren der Siemens Building Technologies AG, früher Cerberus AG, eingesetzt wird (siehe dazu auch EP-A-0 303 913 ). Sobald ein Objekt, welches Wärmestrahlung aussendet, in einen Überwachungsbereich eindringt, detektiert der Sensor die von diesem Objekt ausgesandte Wärmestrahlung, worauf der Melder ein Alarmsignal abgibt. Dieses Alarmsignal gibt an, dass sich ein Objekt, beispielsweise ein Eindringling, im Überwachungsraum befindet.Each reflector "looks" into a specific solid angle of a certain zone, receives the heat radiation incident from this solid angle and focuses it onto a heat-sensitive sensor S (FIG. Fig. 2 ), which is formed for example by a pyrosensor. The pyrosensor is preferably a so-called standard dual-pyrosensor, as used for example in the passive infrared detectors of Siemens Building Technologies AG, formerly Cerberus AG (see also EP-A-0 303 913 ). As soon as an object which emits heat radiation penetrates into a monitoring area, the sensor detects the heat radiation emitted by this object, whereupon the detector emits an alarm signal. This alarm signal indicates that an object, such as an intruder, is in the interstitial space.

Darstellungsgemäss besteht die Reflektorreihe R1 für die Fernzone aus sieben paraboloidförmigen, streifenartigen Reflektoren 2 bis 8, die Reflektorreihe R2 für die Mittelzone aus fünf Reflektoren 9 bis 13, die Reflektorreihe R3 für die Nahzone aus drei Reflektoren 14 bis 16 und die Reflektorreihe R4 für die Nahzone aus einem einzigen Reflektor 17. Diese Anordnung ist gleich mit der in der EP-A-0 303 913 beschriebenen. Im Unterschied zur letzteren Anordnung bestehen jedoch die einzelnen Reflektoren nicht aus einer einzelnen, stetig gekrümmten Fläche, sondern weisen jeweils mehrere Teilflächen von unterschiedlicher vertikaler Orientierung auf, wodurch die zugeordneten Überwachungsbereiche entsprechend in Subzonen aufgespaltet werden. Die Übergänge zwischen den Teilflächen sind in den Fig. 1 und 2 durch gestrichelte horizontale Linien oder Kurven angedeutet.As shown, the reflector row R 1 for the remote zone consists of seven paraboloidal strip-like reflectors 2 to 8, the reflector row R 2 for the central zone of five reflectors 9 to 13, the row of reflectors R 3 for the near zone of three reflectors 14 to 16 and the reflector row R 4 for the near zone of a single reflector 17. This arrangement is identical to that in the EP-A-0 303 913 described. In contrast to the latter arrangement, however, the individual reflectors do not consist of a single, continuously curved surface, but each have a plurality of partial surfaces of different vertical orientation, whereby the associated monitoring areas are correspondingly split into subzones. The transitions between the faces are in the Fig. 1 and 2 indicated by dashed horizontal lines or curves.

Wie insbesondere Fig. 1 zu entnehmen ist, bestehen die Reflektoren 2 bis 8 für die Fernzone und die Reflektoren 9 bis 13 für die Mittelzone aus je drei, die Reflektoren 14 bis 16 für die Nahzone aus je vier und der Reflektor 17 für die Look-down Zone aus fünf Teilflächen. Die einzelnen Teilflächen sind so gewichtet, d.h. ihre optische Apertur und ihre Fläche sind so gewählt, dass ein sich quer zum Überdeckungsmuster bewegender Hund einer bestimmten Grösse (beispielsweise behaarter Hund, 80 cm lang und 60 cm hoch) ein Signal erzeugt, das für jede Distanz vom Hund zum Melder etwa gleich klein ist. Für eine ausführliche Darstellung des Überdeckungsmusters der Reflektoren der Spiegelanordnung 1 wird auf die EP-A-1 089 245 verwiesen, auf deren Offenbarung hiermit ausdrücklich Bezug genommen wird.In particular Fig. 1 it can be seen, consist of the reflectors 2 to 8 for the remote zone and the reflectors 9 to 13 for the central zone of three, the reflectors 14 to 16 for the near zone of four and the reflector 17 for the look-down zone of five faces , The individual partial surfaces are so weighted, ie their optical aperture and their surface are chosen so that a transversely to the cover pattern moving dog of a certain size (for example haired dog, 80 cm long and 60 cm high) generates a signal for each distance from the dog to the detector is about the same size. For a detailed representation of the overlap pattern of the reflectors of the mirror assembly 1 is on the EP-A-1 089 245 referenced, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

In der genannten EP-A-1 089 245 ist unter anderem offenbart, dass praktische Versuche gezeigt haben, dass innerhalb eines Wirkbereichs von 12 bis 13 m das von einem Hund von etwa 30 kg Körpergewicht ausgelöste Sensorsignal höchstens 50% der Detektionsschwelle beträgt, so dass dieser Hund mit Sicherheit keinen Fehlalarm auslösen kann. Diese so genannte PET-Immunität wird im wesentlichen dadurch erreicht, dass ein Hund oder allgemein ein Hausttier wegen seiner geringeren Höhe weniger Subzonen kreuzt als ein Mensch. Dabei ist die Höhe, also die Ausdehnung in vertikaler Richtung, des sich im Überwachungsraum bewegenden Objekts das wesentliche Kriterium, wogegen dessen Ausdehnung in horizontaler Richtung nicht so wesentlich ist. Das kann aber zur Folge haben, dass eventuell ein auf dem Boden kriechender oder kauernder oder auf einem Rollbrett liegender und sich auf diese Weise bewegender Mensch ebenfalls weniger Subzonen kreuzt als ein aufrecht gehender und dadurch nicht detektiert wird.In the mentioned EP-A-1 089 245 It is disclosed, inter alia, that practical tests have shown that within a range of action of 12 to 13 m, the sensor signal triggered by a dog of about 30 kg body weight is at most 50% of the detection threshold, so that this dog can certainly trigger no false alarm. This so-called PET immunity is essentially achieved by the fact that a dog or, in general, a domestic animal crosses fewer subzones than a human due to its lower height. In this case, the height, ie the extent in the vertical direction, of the object moving in the interstitial space is the essential criterion, whereas its extent is horizontal Direction is not so essential. However, this may result in a person creeping or crouching on the ground, or lying on a skateboard, and moving in this way, possibly crossing fewer sub-zones than walking upright and thus not being detected.

Der eben beschriebene Effekt kann sich bei Hochsicherheitsanwendungen des dargestellten Melders nachteilig auswirken, indem dieser dann in bestimmten Zonen, insbesondere in der Mittelzone nicht unterkriechsicher ist. In der Fernzone ist die Unterkriechsicherheit nicht so wesentlich, weil die Detektion eines eventuellen Eindringlings in der Mittelzone noch ausreichend früh ist, und in der Nahzone und der Look-Down-Zone sind die Überwachungsbereiche so kurz, dass auch ein kriechender Mensch mit Sicherheit detektiert würde. Andererseits ist es aus Kostengründen erwünscht, dass der in grossen Stückzahlen vertriebene Melder, und das ist der Melder mit der PET-Immunität, mit möglichst wenig Anpassungen auch für andere Applikationen verwendet werden kann, wobei die Hochsicherheitsanwendung zu diesen anderen Applikationen gehört.The effect just described may be detrimental in high-security applications of the detector shown by this is then not certainty in certain zones, especially in the central zone. In the far zone, creep safety is not so important because the detection of a possible intruder in the central zone is still sufficiently early, and in the near zone and the look-down zone, the surveillance areas are so short that even a crawling human would be detected with certainty , On the other hand, it is desirable for reasons of cost that the detector distributed in large numbers, and that is the detector with the PET immunity, can be used with as few adaptations as possible for other applications, the high-security application being part of these other applications.

Ein Melder mit PET-Immunität und Unterkriechsicherheit in der kritischen Mittelzone wird durch das in Fig. 3 dargestellte Zusatzteil Z geschaffen.A detector with PET immunity and sub-creep safety in the critical mid zone is characterized by the in Fig. 3 illustrated additional part Z created.

Das Zusatzteil Z ist für die Abdeckung der Reflektorreihe R2 für die Mittelzone vorgesehen und weist ganz allgemein an seiner dem S zugewandten Seite eine abbildende Optik mit der gewünschten Charakteristik auf. Beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel, wo es darum geht, die Aufspaltung der Fokussierelemente dieser Reflektorreihe in Teilelemente aufzuheben, ist die abbildende Optik mit der gewünschten Charakteristik dadurch gebildet, dass jedes Fokussierelement der Reflektorreihe R2 durch eine einzige, stetig gekrümmte Reflektorfläche 9', 10', 11', 12' 13' gebildet ist, welche eine konstante Elevation aufweist. In diesem Fall besteht das Zusatzteil Z aus schwarz eingefärbtem Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol-Polymerisat (ABS), das ist das für die Trägerschicht des Spiegels 1 verwendete Material. Siehe dazu die EP-A-0 707 294 . Selbstverständlich könnte auch die Nahzone R3 durch ein Zusatzteil der dargestellten Art abgedeckt werden.The additional part Z is provided for the cover of the reflector row R 2 for the central zone and generally has on its side facing the S an imaging optics with the desired characteristics. In the illustrated embodiment, which is about canceling the splitting of the focusing elements of this row of reflectors into subelements, the imaging optics having the desired characteristic are formed in that each focusing element of the reflector row R 2 is formed by a single, continuously curved reflector surface 9 ', 10', 11 ', 12' 13 'is formed, which has a constant elevation. In this case, the additional part Z consists of black-colored acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer (ABS), which is the material used for the support layer of the mirror 1. See the EP-A-0 707 294 , Of course, the near zone R 3 could be covered by an additional part of the type shown.

Eine andere Möglichkeit eines Zusatzteils mit einer abbildenden Optik mit gewünschter Charakteristik kann dadurch realisiert sein, dass der Zusatzteil aus einem für Infrarotstrahlung durchlässigen Material wie Polyäthylen besteht und an seiner dem Sensor S (Fig. 2) zugewandten Seite eine Art von Fresnel-Struktur aufweist. Darunter ist eine brechungsoptische Reliefstruktur zu verstehen, an welcher die auftreffende Strahlung eine zusätzliche Brechung erfährt. Die Fresnel-Struktur besteht aus Streifen von keilförmigem Querschnitt; die diese Streifen durchsetzende Strahlung wird beim Eintritt in den Streifen und beim Austritt aus diesen gebrochen, was zu einer Veränderung des Einfallswinkels der Infrarot-Strahlung auf das Zusatzteil Z führt.Another possibility of an additional part with an imaging optic having the desired characteristic can be realized in that the additional part consists of a material permeable to infrared radiation, such as polyethylene, and at its end the sensor S (FIG. Fig. 2 ) facing side has a kind of Fresnel structure. This is to be understood as a refractive optical relief structure at which the incident radiation undergoes an additional refraction. The Fresnel structure consists of strips of wedge-shaped cross section; the radiation passing through these strips is refracted as it enters and exits the strip, resulting in a change in the angle of incidence of the infrared radiation on the additional part Z.

Diesen Effekt kann man dazu verwenden, die Aufspaltung der Fokussierelemente der Reflektorreihe oder Reflektorreihen in Teilelemente aufzuheben oder aber die Überwachungsbereiche einer Reflektorreihe gezielt zu verschieben. So kann man beispielsweise mit einem die Look-down-Zone R4 abdeckenden Zusatzteil mit einer Fresnel-Struktur der genannten Art den Einfallswinkel der auf die Look-down-Zone auftreffenden Infrarot-Strahlung steiler machen und dadurch den Überwachungsbereich der Look-down-Zone direkt unter den Melder verlegen. Denn dadurch, dass durch die zweimalige Brechung der Einfallswinkel der auf den Melder auftreffenden Infrarot-Strahlung steiler wird, rückt der Überwachungsbereich der Look-down-Zone R4 näher an den Melder heran.This effect can be used to cancel the splitting of the focusing elements of the row of reflectors or rows of reflectors into sub-elements or to deliberately move the monitoring areas of a row of reflectors. Thus, for example, with an additional part covering the look-down zone R 4 with a Fresnel structure of the type mentioned, the angle of incidence of the infrared radiation impinging on the look-down zone can be made steeper and thereby the surveillance area of the look-down zone lay directly under the detector. Because by the fact that twice the refraction of the angle of incidence of the incident on the detector infrared radiation steepens, the monitoring range of the look-down zone R 4 moves closer to the detector.

Claims (12)

  1. Passive infrared detector having a heat-sensitive sensor (S) and a mirror (1) for focusing onto the sensor (S) the thermal radiation falling onto the detector from the monitoring space, the mirror (1) having reflector rows (R1-R4), consisting of reflectors (2-17), for monitoring areas of different positions in the monitoring space, and being designed to distinguish between human and animal with the aid of the amplitude of the sensor signal, characterized by an additional part (Z) which can be mounted on the mirror (1), covers selected reflectors or at least one reflector row and has on its side facing the sensor (S) an imaging optical system with a characteristic differing from the covered reflectors.
  2. Passive infrared detector according to Claim 1, characterized in that said additional part (Z) is formed by a plastic part resembling a clip.
  3. Passive infrared detector according to Claim 2, characterized in that the additional part (Z) consists of dark-coloured acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer (ABS).
  4. Passive infrared detector according to Claim 2, characterized in that the additional part (Z) is designed as an elastic clamp.
  5. Passive infrared detector according to Claim 2, in the case of which the reflectors (9-13) of at least one reflector row (R2) consist of a number of subelements such that the monitoring areas of this at least one reflector row (R2) are split vertically into subzones of easily distinguishable elevation which are layered upon one another like a stack, characterized in that said additional part (Z) is provided for covering the at least one reflector row (R2) and has on its side facing the sensor (S) reflectors (9', 10', 11', 12', 13') which respectively consist of a single, continuously curved surface.
  6. Passive infrared detector according to Claim 2, in the case of which the reflectors (2-8; 9-13; 14-16; 17) of at least one reflector row (R1, R2, R3, R4) consist of a number of subelements such that the monitoring areas of this at least one reflector row (R1, R2, R3, R4) are split vertically into subzones of easily distinguishable elevation which are layered upon one another like a stack, characterized in that said additional part (Z) is provided for covering the at least one reflector row and has on its side facing the sensor (S) an optically refractive relief structure at which the incident radiation experiences additional refraction.
  7. Passive infrared detector according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mirror (1) and the additional part (Z) are coordinated with one another in shape and size such that the additional part (Z) can be fastened on the mirror (1) only in a position such that it completely covers the desired reflectors or the desired at least one reflector row.
  8. Additional part for the optical system of a passive infrared detector in accordance with Claim 1, which has a heat-sensitive sensor (S) and a mirror (1) for focusing onto the sensor (S) the thermal radiation incident on the detector from the monitoring space, characterized in that the additional part (Z) can be mounted on the mirror (1) and at least partially covers the latter in the mounted state, and has on its side facing the sensor (S) an imaging optical system with a characteristic differing from the covered surface of the mirror (1).
  9. Additional part according to Claim 8, characterized in that said imaging optical system is formed by reflectors (9', 10', 11', 12', 13') consisting of a single, continuously curved surface, or by an optically refractive relief structure.
  10. Additional part according to Claim 9, characterized in that the optically refractive relief structure is formed by strips of wedge-shaped cross section.
  11. Additional part according to Claim 10, characterized in that it consists of polyethylene.
  12. Additional part according to one of Claims 8 to 11 for a passive infrared detector with a mirror (1) which has a first reflector row (R1) for a far zone, a second reflector row (R2) for a middle zone, a third reflector row (R3) for a near zone and a fourth reflector row (R4) for a look-down zone, whose reflectors (2-8; 9-13; 14-16; 17) are split into partial surfaces, characterized in that the additional part (Z) is provided for covering the reflector row (R2) for the middle zone, and/or for covering the reflector row (R3) for the near zone, and/or for covering the reflector row (R4) for the look-down zone.
EP04015646A 2004-07-02 2004-07-02 Passive infrared detector Not-in-force EP1612750B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04015646A EP1612750B1 (en) 2004-07-02 2004-07-02 Passive infrared detector
AT04015646T ATE414965T1 (en) 2004-07-02 2004-07-02 PASSIVE INFRARED DETECTOR
DE502004008486T DE502004008486D1 (en) 2004-07-02 2004-07-02 Passive infrared detector

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP04015646A EP1612750B1 (en) 2004-07-02 2004-07-02 Passive infrared detector

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EP1612750A1 EP1612750A1 (en) 2006-01-04
EP1612750B1 true EP1612750B1 (en) 2008-11-19

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GB2507818B (en) * 2012-11-13 2015-09-09 Pyronix Ltd Infrared detection device and masking section
EP2765563A1 (en) * 2013-02-08 2014-08-13 Siemens AB Detector
NL2012327B1 (en) 2013-12-13 2016-06-21 Utc Fire & Security B V Selective intrusion detection systems.

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AU560866B2 (en) * 1984-09-25 1987-04-16 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd. Passive infrared detector
CH676642A5 (en) * 1988-09-22 1991-02-15 Cerberus Ag
JP3865516B2 (en) * 1998-10-23 2007-01-10 ソニー株式会社 Omni-directional imaging device
US6479823B1 (en) * 1999-08-11 2002-11-12 Hubbell Incorporated Apparatus and method for lens adjustment

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ATE414965T1 (en) 2008-12-15
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