EP0349889B1 - Procédé et dispositif de filage - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de filage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0349889B1
EP0349889B1 EP89111728A EP89111728A EP0349889B1 EP 0349889 B1 EP0349889 B1 EP 0349889B1 EP 89111728 A EP89111728 A EP 89111728A EP 89111728 A EP89111728 A EP 89111728A EP 0349889 B1 EP0349889 B1 EP 0349889B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spinning
ring
ring slot
diaphragm
filaments
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89111728A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0349889A3 (en
EP0349889A2 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Dr. Wellenhofer
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing synthetic fibers of particularly high uniformity and high dynamic efficiency, in which the freshly spun filaments are cooled by central blowing.
  • EP-A-40 482 and EP-A-50 483 melt spinning processes are known in which the filaments are also cooled immediately after exiting the nozzle plate by central blowing and in which immediately after the blowing, the filaments are also subjected to a central preparation.
  • the preparation is applied through a central sliding body wetted with the preparation, over which the circular filament sheet slides, or through a centrally located, radially spraying spray nozzle.
  • polyester filaments are melt-spun, then passed through a heating zone below the surface of the nozzle and then cooled by central blowing.
  • the aim of this process is a polyester yarn with an improved uniformity of its physical properties, in particular the Uster values and the strength measured over the cross section of a filament strand.
  • the heating zone through which the filaments pass immediately after exiting the spinning plate is 15 to 60 cm long and has a temperature of 260 to 460 ° C.
  • polyester yarns obtained in this way have high values of thermal shrinkage, which for some areas of application such as difficulties for the manufacture of tire cords.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a spinning device which can be used to carry out a stable and reproducible process for producing very uniform, high-strength synthetic fibers which have low shrinkage and low elongation and thus high dynamic efficiency.
  • the spinning device consists of an annular spinneret, a blowing candle arranged centrally at a distance below the spinning plate and an annular slot diaphragm arranged between the spinning plate and the upper edge of the blowing candle.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 In the following reference is made to FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a top view of the spinning plate (1) of an annular spinneret with an approximately square ring surface (2) having the spinning bores (3).
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a top view of the spinning plate (1) of a preferred ring spinning nozzle with spinning bores (3) arranged on 3 concentric circles (2a).
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a top view of an annular slot diaphragm (4) with the circular slot (7) formed by the inner part (5) and the outer part (6).
  • Figure 4 shows schematically a vertical section through a spinning device according to the invention with the spinneret (8), the spinning bores (3), the filaments (9) extruded therefrom, the ring slot diaphragm (4), the inner part (5) of which by means of a spacer (10) the blow-on candle (11) is attached.
  • the jacket (12) of the blow-on candle consists of a porous, gas-permeable material; the cooling air is supplied through the flat tube (13).
  • Figure 5 shows a cross section through the flat tube (13).
  • a ring spinneret in the sense of the present invention is a spinneret whose spinning plate has a zone in the center which is free of bores.
  • the zone in which there are holes thus has the shape of a frame surrounding the hole-free zone, i.e. a self-contained, not necessarily circular, ring surface.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically the spinning plate of an annular spinneret with an approximately square annular surface (2) having the bores (3).
  • the area containing the bores can e.g. be square, rectangular, polygonal or oval and have a correspondingly smaller hole-free zone of square, rectangular, polygonal or oval shape in their center.
  • the width of the annular surface containing the bores is expediently approximately the same in all directions, measured from the center in the radial direction. Such a design ensures a particularly even cooling of all spun filaments guaranteed. The uniform cooling of all filaments is also favored if the ring surface has the highest possible central symmetry. A circular ring surface is therefore particularly preferred.
  • the spinning bores can be uniformly distributed within the ring surface in a manner known per se. It is particularly expedient to arrange the spinning bores on self-contained lines, and correspondingly on circular lines in the case of a circular ring surface.
  • a preferred ring spinneret is therefore one which has 1 to 10, preferably 1-4, nozzle hole circles.
  • a spinneret with 2 or 3 hole circles is particularly preferred, in which the nozzle holes of the individual hole circles are arranged “on a gap”.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows the bottom view of such a ring spinneret preferred for the construction of the spinning device according to the invention.
  • the nozzle holes (3) are arranged on concentric circles (2a), the smallest of which has the diameter d i , the largest of which has the diameter d a .
  • the blow-on candle used in the method according to the invention has a structure known per se. It consists of a tubular hollow body made of gas-permeable material, for example sintered metal, which is closed on one side and to which the cooling air flow is supplied from the other side.
  • the diameter of the blowing candle naturally depends on the diameter d i des smallest nozzle hole circle together.
  • the length of the blow-on candle is usually 500 to 1500, preferably 800 to 1300 mm.
  • the distance between the spinning plate and the upper edge of the blowing candle is advantageously between 50 and 500 mm, preferably 100 to 200 mm.
  • the annular slit diaphragm arranged between the spinning plate and the upper edge of the blowing candle is a plate which has a slit which is closed in itself.
  • the slot of the ring slot diaphragm does not necessarily have to be circular. Rather, its shape is similar to the shape of the annular surface of the annular spinneret provided with spinning bores.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a top view of such a preferred ring slot diaphragm with a circular slot.
  • the inner edge of the ring slot (7) is formed by the inner part (5) of the ring slot diaphragm, which consists of a circular plate with the diameter d p .
  • the outer part (6) of the ring slot diaphragm which forms the outer edge of the ring slot, consists of a plate with a circular cutout, with the diameter d r , wherein d r is greater than d p and the slot width s is accordingly (d r -d p ) / 2.
  • s (1.0 to 4.5) * (i.e. a -d i ), preferably (3.0 to 4.0) ⁇ (d a -d i ).
  • the distance A b of the ring slit diaphragm from the spinning plate is related to the distance A k of the spinning plate from the upper edge of the blowing candle.
  • the ring slit diaphragm should be dimensioned in such a way that the smallest possible ring slit (i.e. with the smallest possible s) is provided, which is just wide enough to allow all spun filaments to pass undisturbed.
  • the inner part of the ring slot diaphragm is separated from the outer part by the slot.
  • the outer part of the ring slot diaphragm can be attached, for example, in the usual way by means of a flange at the desired distance below the spinneret, while the inner part is fastened by means of a spacer either in the center of the spinneret or on the blowing candle so that it lies in the plane of the outer part of the ring slot diaphragm .
  • any sufficiently temperature-resistant material such as metal, ceramic or even high-temperature-resistant plastic, can be used as the material for the ring slot diaphragm.
  • a ring slit diaphragm is preferred which is made of a heat-insulating material or which is coated with such a material.
  • a ring slit diaphragm can be made of metal and coated with a bonded mineral fiber fleece for thermal insulation.
  • the cooling air is supplied from the side in a manner known per se at the lower end of the blow candle.
  • the air supply ducts expediently have the shape of a flat tube, ie they do not have a round, but an extremely elliptical or rectangular cross section with a long axis which is 5 to 10 times the short axis.
  • These air supply ducts are installed with the long cross-sectional axis in the direction of the thread running direction.
  • the strong cooling of the filaments in the area of the blowing candle leads to trouble-free running of the filaments.
  • the air supply ducts are preferably provided with a low-friction surface, for example with a matt chrome plating or a coating with fluoropolymers.
  • the spinning device according to the invention shows its particular advantages when spinning take-off speeds of over 2000 m / min. is worked.
  • the present invention therefore also relates to a spinning process for producing very uniform high-strength yarns with low shrinkage and low elongation, in which the spinning device described above is used and at spinning take-off speeds of more than 2000 m / min., Preferably at 2500 to 4000 m / min. is worked.
  • the filaments spun according to the invention can be further processed directly afterwards or in a separate process step in a manner known per se, in particular in a customary manner, optionally in one or more stages at elevated temperature.
  • polyesters are used whose intrinsic viscosity, measured in o-chlorophenol / phenol (50/50) at 25 ° C., is above 0.7 dl / g, in particular above 0.8 dl / g.
  • spun threads are obtained whose filaments within the thread bundle are more uniform than before.
  • the heat is dissipated quickly and evenly, so that short lengths of the spinning shaft are also possible.
  • An additional heating device to delay the cooling of the spun filaments is not necessary in the method according to the invention and is also not desirable. Such a device would destroy the high pre-orientation of the filaments desired here.
  • Another surprising advantage is that with a cylinder-symmetrical blowing from the inside to the outside in connection with the ring slot diaphragm already at 2600 m / min. Spinning take-off speed the same pre-orientation of the filaments is achieved, which can only be achieved with cross-blowing at a spinning take-off speed of 3000 m / min.
  • a spinning device according to the invention (FIG. 4) is used for the following exemplary embodiment.
  • this has an annular spinneret (8) which has two concentric circles with a total of 200 spinning bores (3) lying on a gap.
  • the smaller circle of holes has a diameter d i of 166 mm, the larger of 177 mm.
  • annular slot cover (4) made of 2 mm thick VA sheet with a layer made of 5 mm thick rock wool fleece.
  • the inner edge of the circular slot has a diameter of 120 mm, the slot width is 40 mm.
  • the inner part (5) of the screen is attached to the blowing nozzle with a spacer (10) 30 mm long.
  • the cooling air is supplied from the side through an upright, flat tube (13) tapered at the upper edge, the cross section of which is illustrated in FIG. 5, with a height of 600 mm and a maximum width of 60 mm.
  • the spun filaments are combined, provided with a low protective twist and wound up.
  • the yarn obtained is then drawn at a drawing temperature of 265 ° C. in a ratio of 1: 3.11.
  • the filament yarn obtained in this way can be processed further in the usual way, for example twisted, textured or, combined into cables, cut into staple fibers.
  • the data of the filaments obtained are: Titer: 1440 dtex f 200
  • the filaments show an excellent uniformity of the textile data compared to conventionally produced yarns over the yarn cross section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Dispositif de filage comportant une filière en anneau et une bougie de soufflage disposée à une certaine distance au-dessus de la plaque de filage, caractérisé en ce qu'entre la plaque de filage et le bord supérieur de la bougie de soufflage est disposé un diaphragme à fente annulaire.
  2. Dispositif de filage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la fente annulaire du diaphragme à fente annulaire est semblable à la surface annulaire, pourvue de perçages, de la filière en anneau.
  3. Dispositif de filage selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la surface annulaire, pourvue de perçages, de la filière en anneau et la fente annulaire du diaphragme à fente annulaire possèdent une forme circulaire.
  4. Dispositif de filage selon la revendication 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la filière en anneau comprend 1 à 10 cercles concentriques de perçages de filière (2a).
  5. Dispositif de filage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre intérieur dp de la fente annulaire est

    d p = (0,5 à 1,0).d i
    Figure imgb0011

    di étant le diamètre du cercle intérieur des perçages de la filière.
  6. Dispositif de filage selon au moins l'une des revendications 4 et 5, caractérisé en ce que la largeur s de la fente annulaire est

    s = (1,0 à 4,5).(d a =d i ),
    Figure imgb0012

    di étant le diamètre du cercle intérieur de perçages de la filière et da le diamètre du cercle extérieur de perçages de la filière.
  7. Dispositif de filage selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le diaphragme a fente annulaire est disposé à une distance

    A b = (0,3 à 0,8).A k
    Figure imgb0013

    au-dessous de la plaque de filage, Ak étant la distance entre la plaque de filage et le bord supérieur de la bougie de soufflage.
  8. Dispositif de filage selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la partie intérieure et la partie extérieure du diaphragme à fente annulaire sont montées séparément dans un plan dans le dispositif de filage.
  9. Dispositif de filage selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le diaphragme a fente annulaire est réalisé en un matériau ou un matériau composite thermiquement isolant ou est recouvert par un tel matériau.
  10. Procédé pour fabriquer des fils de polyester très résistants et très uniformes possédant une faible contraction et un faible allongement, caractérisé en ce qu'on file un polyester qui forme le fil, au moyen d'un dispositif selon la revendication 1, avec une vitesse de tirage au filage de plus de 2000 m/mn et on traite aussitôt après les filaments obtenus ou lors d'une étape séparée, d'une manière connue en soi.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'on file un polyester possédant une viscosité intrinsèque > 0,7 dl/g.
  12. Procédé au moins l'une des revendications 10 et 11, caractérisé en ce qu'on étire les filaments filés, aussitôt après ou selon une étape séparée, d'une manière connue en soi.
EP89111728A 1988-07-04 1989-06-28 Procédé et dispositif de filage Expired - Lifetime EP0349889B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3822571 1988-07-04
DE3822571A DE3822571A1 (de) 1988-07-04 1988-07-04 Spinnverfahren und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung desselben

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0349889A2 EP0349889A2 (fr) 1990-01-10
EP0349889A3 EP0349889A3 (en) 1990-09-05
EP0349889B1 true EP0349889B1 (fr) 1993-05-05

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EP89111728A Expired - Lifetime EP0349889B1 (fr) 1988-07-04 1989-06-28 Procédé et dispositif de filage

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EP (1) EP0349889B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1336124C (fr)
DE (2) DE3822571A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH678433A5 (fr) * 1989-01-30 1991-09-13 Schweizerische Viscose
DE19821778B4 (de) * 1998-05-14 2004-05-06 Ems-Inventa Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mikrofilamenten von hoher Titer-Gleichmäßigkeit aus thermoplastischen Polymeren
EP1491663A1 (fr) * 2003-06-23 2004-12-29 Nan Ya Plastics Corporation Procédé pour la production de multifilaments en polyester ayant un faible denier et fils multifilaments en polyester ayant un faible denier

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL271547A (fr) * 1960-11-18
BE631629A (fr) * 1962-04-27
US3858386A (en) * 1971-07-06 1975-01-07 Fiber Industries Inc Polyester yarn production
JPS5215615A (en) * 1975-07-28 1977-02-05 Toray Ind Inc Melt spinning machine
IT1090451B (it) * 1978-05-24 1985-06-26 Corima Spa Testa di estrusione per la produzione di filati sintetici
US4414169A (en) * 1979-02-26 1983-11-08 Fiber Industries, Inc. Production of polyester filaments of high strength possessing an unusually stable internal structure employing improved processing conditions
DE3165354D1 (en) * 1980-05-13 1984-09-13 Celanese Corp Process and apparatus for melt spinning filaments in which quench gas and finishing liquid are introduced to the filaments through the fibre pack and spinneret
DE3162048D1 (en) * 1980-10-21 1984-03-01 Fiber Industries Inc Process of, apparatus for, and filament guide for, producing melt-spun filaments
CH667676A5 (de) * 1985-09-18 1988-10-31 Inventa Ag Vorrichtung zum abkuehlen und praeparieren von schmelzgesponnenem spinngut.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0349889A3 (en) 1990-09-05
DE3822571A1 (de) 1990-02-01
DE58904249D1 (de) 1993-06-09
DE3822571C2 (fr) 1990-08-09
EP0349889A2 (fr) 1990-01-10
CA1336124C (fr) 1995-07-04

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