EP0586630B1 - Procede et dispositif de fabrication de filaments synthetiques continus - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de fabrication de filaments synthetiques continus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0586630B1
EP0586630B1 EP93903789A EP93903789A EP0586630B1 EP 0586630 B1 EP0586630 B1 EP 0586630B1 EP 93903789 A EP93903789 A EP 93903789A EP 93903789 A EP93903789 A EP 93903789A EP 0586630 B1 EP0586630 B1 EP 0586630B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
air
spinning
filaments
distance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93903789A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0586630A1 (fr
Inventor
Günter Koschinek
Dietmar Wandel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
LL Plant Engineering AG
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
ZiAG Plant Engineering GmbH
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Publication of EP0586630A1 publication Critical patent/EP0586630A1/fr
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Publication of EP0586630B1 publication Critical patent/EP0586630B1/fr
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D01D5/092—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes in shafts or chimneys
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for spinning and cooling synthetic, multifilament, spin-oriented continuous filaments by means of a spinning device with spinnerets containing nozzle plates and cooling shafts with an air-permeable wall, through which an air flow into the interior of the cooling shafts solely due to a frictional entrainment of the air by the filaments is sucked.
  • Continuous filaments made of synthetic polymer are produced from the melt having the spinning temperature by means of a spinning device.
  • the melt is pressed through bores in a nozzle plate, the extruded melt streams are then cooled and combined to form a filament bundle which is provided with a spin finish and drawn off with a thread take-off device and is finally wound up.
  • Cooling is of particular importance.
  • the uniformity of the cooling is directly transferred to the physical characteristics of the filaments, such as the uniformity of the filament thickness (Uster) or the coloration. Disturbances are transmitted by non-laminar or turbulent flow of the cooling air. Before the melt streams pressed out at high spinning temperature have not cooled below the solidification point they must not collide or be touched by thread guides, otherwise they will stick together.
  • Embodiments are those with cross flow, ie. H. essentially right-angled blow-through of the filaments and direct removal of the heat of fusion leeward side (US-A 4529368), as well as those with radial blowing, d. H. Air direction directed from the outside into the filament bundle and heat dissipation essentially in the filament running direction (US-A 4712988 and DE-A 3406347).
  • Another method of generating a cooling air flow is to pass the filaments through negative pressure systems in which the cooling air flow is generated due to the negative pressure (US-A 4496505 and WO 90-02222A).
  • blowing melt streams either through overpressure or underpressure is the customary technique today for cooling the melt streams in order to subsequently combine them into a bundle of filaments and to process them further.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus for spinning and cooling synthetic continuous filaments, which or gets along with a minimum of equipment and control technology and is particularly suitable for high take-off speeds.
  • This object is achieved on the basis of the method described at the outset in that the air flow is drawn in directly at the underside of the spinning heads and continuously over the length of the cooling shafts at take-off speeds of at least 2400 m / min.
  • cooling air is supplied from the outside air directly to the melt streams directly on the underside of the spinning heads, namely sucked in by the friction between the air and the filaments guided through the cooling shaft in question, which in a certain way Way to compare with an injector effect.
  • This injector effect extends over the entire length of the cooling shaft and in particular also on the area directly on the underside of the spinning heads, so that the melt streams to be cooled are subjected to cooling immediately after leaving the spinning head.
  • the cooling shaft causes one Channeling of the air flowing in through its wall along the direction of the filaments, which thus create an air flow that closes evenly around the filaments and thus causes a uniform cooling throughout.
  • cooling generated by the above-described injector action and extending in particular to the area directly on the underside of the spinning heads in the sense of the invention leads, particularly at high take-off speeds, to filaments which, on the one hand, have a spinning orientation due to the high take-off speed, which cannot occur when using the device according to DE-A 1914556 because of the pull-in speed of 1000 m / min, which is preferred in this document, and on the other hand have a filament uniformity which occurs when using the device of DE-A 1914556 in connection with take-off speeds of over 2400 m / min because of the deliberate exclusion of the area below the spinning head from the cooling, which is prescribed in this publication.
  • the uniform cooling resulting from the perforated shafts according to the invention also leads to the area immediately below the spinning heads, which leads to the fact that the individual filaments thus produced have a high uniformity over the length and from individual filament to individual filament.
  • the average spacing of the individual filaments of a filament bundle at the outlet of the cooling shaft can be less than 6 mm due to the resulting particular uniformity of the air flow.
  • the device for carrying out the method according to the invention is designed so that the wall of the cooling shafts is provided with openings for air access over the entire length, so that even in the event of a connection of the cooling shafts directly to the underside of the spinning heads, air enters the cooling shaft at this point can be sucked in.
  • the cooling shaft it is also possible to arrange the cooling shaft at a distance from the underside of the spinning head, so that a particularly large cross section for the entry of air results at this particularly critical point.
  • the gap formed by the distance between the cooling shaft and spinning head is expediently chosen so large that only air is sucked into the cooling shaft through the gap and no countercurrent occurs in the gap, thus avoiding the occurrence of turbulence inside the cooling shaft.
  • the device is advantageously designed so that the access of cooling air can be regulated in the area immediately below the spinning head. In the case of a connection of the cooling shaft directly to the underside of the spinning head, this is done by making the cross-sections of the openings adjustable. If a gap is arranged between the cooling shaft and the underside of the spinning head, the width of this gap can be adjusted accordingly.
  • the cooling shaft can be designed as a metal sieve, in which case relatively large passages are present over its entire surface in close proximity.
  • cooling shaft as a perforated shaft which is perforated over its entire surface.
  • the holes advantageously have a diameter between 1 to 5 mm and extend in total over an area which does not exceed 50% of the total surface.
  • the shape of the cooling shafts is expediently based on the shape of the nozzle plates, which can be round, oval or rectangular. Accordingly, the cooling shafts have a circular, oval or rectangular cross section, which is preferably 10 to 60 mm larger than that of the perforated field of the nozzle plate.
  • the cross section of the cooling shaft is expediently constant over the entire length. In an alternative embodiment, the area with a constant cross section in the vicinity of the exit zone is followed by a short area with a decreasing cross section, the lower opening for the passage of the filament bundle having a minimum diameter or a minimum dimension of more than 10 mm.
  • the cooling shafts can expediently be cylindrical and each can be assigned a second cylinder concentrically at a distance, both cylinders being provided with perforations.
  • the outer cylinder has the effect of a certain calming of the air flow, so that the air sucked in through the cooling shaft (inner cylinder) then comes from an air-calming zone and accordingly flows evenly inside the cooling shaft.
  • the cooling shaft can be made cylindrical and another cylinder can be slid onto this cylinder, both cylinders being provided with perforations and a more or less strong overlap due to mutual rotation the perforations can be achieved. In this way, the desired cross section of the air passages can then be set.
  • the method according to the invention is preferably suitable for the production of single filament titers from 0.3 to 3.0 dtex at take-off speeds of 2400 to 7000 m / min, particularly preferably 0.3 to 1.5 dtex at 2400 to 5000 m / min, but with consideration of the following ratio of take-off speed to spinning titer.
  • the speed of the first driven godet after the point of convergence is defined as the take-off speed (also spinning speed).
  • the speed of the winding unit applies to godetless filament draw-off.
  • the single filament titer, also known as the spin titer, on the take-off device is calculated in a known manner based on the defined take-off speed.
  • FIG. 7 shows the speed of the air carried by the filament bundle as a function of the distance from the spinneret in a spinning device without forced supply of air.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically, as an example, a cooling shaft arranged at a distance (2) to the underside of the spinning head (1), which concentrically surrounds the filaments (5) emerging from the spinning head and essentially consists of a metal cylinder (3).
  • a gap adjustment (4) makes it possible to arrange the metal cylinder (3) with a more or less large gap (2) to the spinning head.
  • the gap (2) should at most only be so large that an air flow directed in the direction of the filaments forms. If the opening was too large, warm air would escape, and there would be a risk of eddies from the differently directed air streams near the thread. In addition, the gap (2) minimizes heat transfers from the spinning head to the cooling device.
  • the metal cylinder (3) has openings distributed uniformly over the entire wall, the air permeability being selectable in wide ranges. However, the air resistance should not be too high so as not to impair the suction effect. Openings that are too large should also be avoided in order to buffer air movements in the area. A proportion of free openings (holes) of up to 50% of the total area has proven itself.
  • a metal sieve cylinder can also be used.
  • each bundle of threads is surrounded separately by the air-permeable wall (3) of the cooling shaft, the cooling air (arrows) drawn in by the suction of the filaments is directed essentially radially from the outside inwards. It is taken from the environment and therefore has a temperature corresponding to that of the spinning room.
  • a thread oiler device for bundling the cooled filaments into a thread, which is then fed to a take-off device.
  • the cooling shaft shown schematically in FIG. 2 is constructed similarly to that of FIG. 1.
  • a second metal cylinder (6) arranged concentrically to the first (3) at a fixed distance makes it possible to prevent any air movements in the spinning chamber, e.g. B. when opening and closing doors, in addition to buffering.
  • a distance between the walls of the two metal perforated cylinders of a maximum of 20 mm is recommended.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment of the device according to the senses is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the air-permeable wall begins here directly below the spinning head (1).
  • the metal hole cylinder forming the cooling shaft is surrounded in the area near the spinning head by a second, movable metal hole cylinder (7) lying directly on the first. Both metal hole cylinders have the same perforation, so that the holes of the first cylinder are either completely released or more or less covered by rotary movements of the second metal hole cylinder (7). It is therefore possible to regulate the passage of air in this area near the spinning head.
  • the metal hole cylinder (3) adjoining at the bottom is designed similarly to that of FIG. 1, but without gap adjustment.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 4.
  • This cooling shaft is initially constructed similarly to that of FIG. 1, with a (4) shaft with perforated wall (3) which is arranged at a distance (2) from the underside of the spinner head (1) and is adjustable in height.
  • a second perforated shaft of the same shape (8) resting on the first perforated shaft (3) enables regulation of the air passage over the entire height of the shaft.
  • the setting is made by rotating or moving the two perforated shafts (3 and 8) towards each other. An optimal setting of the air passage both in the area near the spinning head and over the entire shaft height is possible.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cooling shaft according to the invention, the perforated outlet zone (9) of which is conical with a decreasing cross-section. This improves the injector effect.
  • Fig. 6 is an example of a cooling shaft with a rectangular cross section, which is used in spinning heads with rectangular nozzle plates. Otherwise, the structure corresponds to that of the device in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 7 shows measurements of the speed of the air carried by the filament bundle at different distances from the nozzle plate as a function of the filament titer.
  • the measurements were carried out during the spinning of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of 0.67 dl / g using a spinning device without forced supply of air (ie without a conventional blowing shaft and without a cooling device according to the invention) at a winder speed of 3200 m / min.
  • the vertical component of the air flow was measured using an ALNOR anemometer, measuring range 0.1 - 30 m / sec.
  • the air speed is a measure of the amount of air moved by the suction effect of the filament bundle.
  • the lower air velocity with a higher titer in relation to the same nozzle spacing characterizes its slower cooling. It can be seen from the figure that by increasing the distance of the bundling point from the nozzle plate, the amount of cooling air can be increased as desired and to a desired value, thereby preventing the filaments from sticking together.
  • the distance of the convergence thread guide from the nozzle plate and thus the cooling shaft should not be too great.
  • the entrained air increases the filament air friction and thus the thread tension of the filament bundle. With fine filaments and high take-off speeds, these could reach the range of the tensile strength of the filaments and result in filament tears.
  • the delivery rate was 17.3 g / min, the nominal titer dtex 33f61, the spinning titer per filament being 0.89 dtex.
  • the distance between the bottom edge of the spinning head and the top edge of the cylinder was varied between 0 and 15 mm, so that a correspondingly free gap was created.
  • the screen cylinder is surrounded by the room air at a temperature of 23 ° C.
  • a thread oiler for applying an aqueous emulsion was attached at a distance of 530 mm from the lower edge of the spinning head, the dosage amount corresponding to a coating on the filament bundle of 0.8%.
  • the oiler is the first point of convergence of the thread bundle.
  • the thread was then wound up using a winder with a tension reducing device at a speed of 3200 m / min.
  • the number of holes in the nozzle plate was 72, in a second experiment 144.
  • the delivery rate was 16.0 g / min and 31.0 g / min, respectively, so that a nominal titer of 36f72 and 72f144 dtex, respectively a comparable spin titer per filament of 0.8 dtex resulted.
  • the cylinder is surrounded by room air at a temperature of 28 ° C.
  • the convergence point is formed by a thread oiler, which was 250 mm from the cooling cylinder.
  • the average distance between the individual filaments at the cylinder outlet is between 1.7 and 2.5 mm, depending on the number of capillaries.
  • the filament bundle was then drawn off and wound up at 2800 m / min using godets and a winding unit.
  • Degree of spinning orientation characterized by the elongation at break, as well as further characteristic data and their uniformity are summarized in Table 1.
  • the design was carried out as in Example 3, but varying the distance between the thread oiler and the perforated cylinder between 50 and 850 mm, corresponding to a distance of 550 to 1350 mm from the spinning head.
  • the investigations were carried out on the nominal titer 36f72 dtex. Spinning breaks occurred at a distance of 850 mm, triggered by a relatively high thread tension due to the open length of the filament bundle being too long. At distances below 850 mm, the Uster value remained good at 0.39 - 0.58%.
  • the number of holes in the nozzle plate was 34.
  • the delivery rate was 18.5 g / min, so that a nominal titer of dtex 50f34 resulted in a spinning titer per filament of 1.47 dtex.
  • the perforated cylinder described in Example 3 was at a distance of 50 mm from the spinning head.
  • the cylinder is surrounded by ambient air at a temperature of 29 ° C.
  • the convergence point is formed by a thread oiler, which was 600 mm from the cooling cylinder.
  • the average distance between the individual filaments at the cylinder outlet was approximately 5.9 mm.
  • the filament bundle was then drawn off and wound up directly from a winding unit, which was equipped with a grooved roller operated with a lead of 6% for tension compensation, at a speed of 3700 m / min.
  • the degree of spinning orientation is characterized by an elongation at break of the wound filament bundle of 95%, the tensile strength was 28.8 cN / tex.
  • the design was carried out as in Example 5, but with the measure that the take-off speed was varied from 4200 to 5700 m / min, with an advance of the grooved roll of up to 10%. Furthermore, the delivery rate was increased and readjusted at every speed in such a way that the dtex 76f34 titer was kept constant corresponding to a single filament titer of 2.24 dtex.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé pour filer et refroidir des filaments sans fin (5) synthétiques, multifils, orientés pour le filage, à l'aide d'un arrangement de filage possédant des têtes de filage contenant des plaques de buses, et des cheminées de refroidissement ayant chacune une paroi perméable à l'air, à travers laquelle un courant d'air est aspiré à l'intérieur des cheminées de refroidissement, uniquement en raison d'un entraînement par friction de l'air par les filaments,
    caractérisé par le fait que,
    pour des vitesses d'extraction des filaments (5) d'au moins 2400 m/min, le courant d'air est aspiré à l'intérieur directement du côté inférieur (1) des têtes de filage, et plus loin, sans interruption, sur la longueur des cheminées de refroidissement (3; 3, 6; 3, 7; 3, 8; 3, 9).
  2. Procédé selon revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la distance moyenne entre les filaments (5) d'un faisceau de filaments, à la sortie de la cheminée de refroidissement (3; 3, 6; 3, 7; 3, 8; 3, 9), est inférieure à 6 mm.
  3. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 2,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    le courant d'air est réglable dans la zone située près de la tête de filage.
  4. Dispositif servant à la réalisation du procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 3, avec un arrangement de filage possédant des têtes de filage contenant des plaques de buses, et des cheminées de refroidissement ayant chacune une paroi perméable à l'air (3; 3, 6; 3, 7; 3, 8; 3, 9), à travers laquelle un courant d'air peut être aspiré à l'intérieur des cheminées de refroidissement, uniquement en raison d'un entraînement par friction de l'air par les filaments (5),
    caractérisé par le fait que,
    pour l'arrivée d'air, la paroi (3; 3, 6; 3, 7; 3, 8; 3, 9) est pourvue de percements sur toute sa longueur.
  5. Dispositif selon revendication 4,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la cheminée de refroidissement (3; 3, 6; 3, 8; 3, 9) est disposée à distance (2) par rapport au côté inférieur (1) de la tête de filage.
  6. Dispositif selon revendication 5,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    l'espace (2), formé par la distance comprise entre la cheminée de refroidissement (3; 3, 6; 3, 8; 3, 9) et la tête de filage (1), possède une grandeur telle que seulement de l'air est aspiré à travers l'espace (2), dans la cheminée de refroidissement (3; 3, 6; 3, 8; 3, 9).
  7. Dispositif selon une des revendications 5 et 6,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la distance (2), séparant la cheminée de refroidissement (3; 3, 6; 3, 8; 3, 9) du côté inférieur (1) de la tête de filage, est ajustable dans le but de régler le passage de l'air.
  8. Dispositif selon revendication 4,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la grandeur des percements dans la zone (7) située près de la tête de filage (1) est ajustable dans le but de régler le passage de l'air.
  9. Dispositif selon une des revendications 4 à 7,
    caractérisé par le fait que,
    dans le but de régler le passage de l'air, la grandeur des percements est ajustable sur toute la longueur de la paroi (3, 8).
  10. Dispositif selon une des revendications 4 à 7,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la cheminée de refroidissement est constituée par deux cylindres (3, 6; 3, 8) disposés concentriquement avec une distance de parois allant jusque 20 mm, les deux cylindres étant pourvus de percements pour l'arrivée d'air.
  11. Dispositif selon une des revendications 4 à 9,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    l'ouverture inférieure de la cheminée de refroidissement (3, 9) est formée par un cône (9) qui se rapetisse vers le bas et laisse libre une ouverture d'au moins 10 mm pour le passage du faisceau de filaments.
EP93903789A 1992-03-18 1993-03-09 Procede et dispositif de fabrication de filaments synthetiques continus Expired - Lifetime EP0586630B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4208568 1992-03-18
DE4208568A DE4208568A1 (de) 1992-03-18 1992-03-18 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung synthetischer endlosfilamente
PCT/CH1993/000061 WO1993019229A1 (fr) 1992-03-18 1993-03-09 Procede et dispositif de fabrication de filaments synthetiques continus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0586630A1 EP0586630A1 (fr) 1994-03-16
EP0586630B1 true EP0586630B1 (fr) 1997-09-03

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93903789A Expired - Lifetime EP0586630B1 (fr) 1992-03-18 1993-03-09 Procede et dispositif de fabrication de filaments synthetiques continus

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0586630B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07501365A (fr)
KR (1) KR100225086B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE157712T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4208568A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993019229A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE59204574D1 (de) * 1991-09-06 1996-01-18 Akzo Nobel Nv Vorrichtung zum Schnellspinnen von multifilen Fäden und deren Verwendung.
BR9400682A (pt) * 1993-03-05 1994-10-18 Akzo Nv Aparelho para a fiação em fusão de fios multifilamentares e sua aplicação
DE19716394C1 (de) * 1997-04-18 1998-09-03 Inventa Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur passiven verzögerten Abkühlung von Spinnfilamenten
US20020052026A1 (en) 1997-10-08 2002-05-02 Steven M. Vicik Methods of refolding proteins
KR100305668B1 (ko) * 1999-09-13 2001-09-24 조민호 멀티필라멘트 사의 냉각장치
DE10332645A1 (de) * 2003-07-18 2005-02-03 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Schmelzspinnen, Kühlen und Aufwickeln
JP5925657B2 (ja) * 2012-10-03 2016-05-25 Ｔｍｔマシナリー株式会社 溶融紡糸装置
CN103305949B (zh) * 2013-07-04 2016-04-13 吴江市汇泉纺织有限公司 一种熔丝张力控制装置
WO2017025372A1 (fr) * 2015-08-08 2017-02-16 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé et dispositif pour le filage à l'état fondu d'un fil synthétique

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB774814A (en) * 1954-10-21 1957-05-15 Thuringisches Kunstfaserwerk W Process of and apparatus for the melt-spinning of synthetic products
GB1088240A (en) * 1965-08-20 1967-10-25 Ici Ltd Melt spinning of fibre-forming polymers
NL6701693A (fr) * 1966-02-09 1967-08-10
GB1220424A (en) * 1968-03-21 1971-01-27 Toray Industries Method and apparatus for melt-spinning synthetic fibres
US3611485A (en) * 1968-12-30 1971-10-12 Monsanto Co Spinning chimney
JPS5696908A (en) * 1980-01-04 1981-08-05 Teijin Ltd Melt spinning method
JPS5761710A (en) * 1980-09-25 1982-04-14 Teijin Ltd Melt spinning apparatus
DE59204574D1 (de) * 1991-09-06 1996-01-18 Akzo Nobel Nv Vorrichtung zum Schnellspinnen von multifilen Fäden und deren Verwendung.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH07501365A (ja) 1995-02-09
KR100225086B1 (ko) 1999-10-15
WO1993019229A1 (fr) 1993-09-30
DE59307248D1 (de) 1997-10-09
DE4208568A1 (de) 1993-09-23
KR940701471A (ko) 1994-05-28
EP0586630A1 (fr) 1994-03-16
ATE157712T1 (de) 1997-09-15

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