EP0344553B1 - Tensidmischungen als Sammler für die Flotation nichtsulfidischer Erze - Google Patents
Tensidmischungen als Sammler für die Flotation nichtsulfidischer Erze Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0344553B1 EP0344553B1 EP89109118A EP89109118A EP0344553B1 EP 0344553 B1 EP0344553 B1 EP 0344553B1 EP 89109118 A EP89109118 A EP 89109118A EP 89109118 A EP89109118 A EP 89109118A EP 0344553 B1 EP0344553 B1 EP 0344553B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flotation
- alkyl
- mixtures
- ore
- collectors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 41
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title description 5
- -1 alkenyl radical Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005263 alkylenediamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SLRMQYXOBQWXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2154-56-5 Chemical compound [CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 SLRMQYXOBQWXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003139 primary aliphatic amines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001864 baryta Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NNOPYZMQAAGVBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-carboxypropanoyl(octadecyl)amino]butanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C(=O)CCC(O)=O NNOPYZMQAAGVBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052601 baryte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010428 baryte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N caprylic alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSXKDWGTSHCFPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromoheptane Chemical compound CCCCCCCBr LSXKDWGTSHCFPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorobutane Chemical compound CCCCCl VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLRVZFYXUZQSRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorohexane Chemical compound CCCCCCCl MLRVZFYXUZQSRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNDHHGUSRIZDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorooctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCl CNDHHGUSRIZDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQCZQTSHSZLZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloropentane Chemical compound CCCCCCl SQCZQTSHSZLZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZEMZTZDHLCBTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-o-octadecyl 4-o-sulfo butanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OS(O)(=O)=O WZEMZTZDHLCBTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyldodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCO XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPSXAPQYNGXVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromobutane Chemical compound CCC(C)Br UPSXAPQYNGXVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetradecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- VPNOHCYAOXWMAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN VPNOHCYAOXWMAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGQAXGHQYGXVDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C PGQAXGHQYGXVDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SHVBTTRUEDMJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadec-1-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CN SHVBTTRUEDMJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWSURTDMLUFMJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadec-1-en-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CO GWSURTDMLUFMJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUHXFUSLEBPCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN BUHXFUSLEBPCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVWOIHVRPOBWPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl iodide Chemical compound CCCI PVWOIHVRPOBWPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGNKXCMZCXHUHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CN WGNKXCMZCXHUHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEGNXMUWVCVSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-en-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CO JEGNXMUWVCVSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013558 reference substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000021 stimulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBRKLOOSMBRFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)Cl NBRKLOOSMBRFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/0043—Organic compounds modified so as to contain a polyether group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/01—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of end-capped fatty alcohol polyethylene glycol ethers as co-collectors for cationic and / or ampholytic surfactants in the flotation of non-sulfidic ores.
- Non-sulfidic minerals for the purposes of the present invention are, for example, apatite, fluorite, scheelite, barite, iron oxides and other metal oxides, for example the oxides of titanium and zirconium, and certain silicates and aluminosilicates.
- the ore is first crushed and dry, but preferably wet-ground and suspended in water.
- collectors are usually added, often in connection with foaming agents and possibly other auxiliary reagents such as regulators, pushers (deactivators) and / or stimulants (activators), which support the separation of the valuable minerals from the gangue minerals in the ore during the subsequent flotation.
- auxiliary reagents such as regulators, pushers (deactivators) and / or stimulants (activators), which support the separation of the valuable minerals from the gangue minerals in the ore during the subsequent flotation.
- these reagents are usually allowed to act on the finely ground ore for a certain time (conditioning).
- the collector ensures that the surface of the minerals is rendered hydrophobic, so that these minerals adhere to the gas bubbles formed during the aeration.
- the mineral components are made hydrophobic selectively in such a way that the undesirable components of the ore do not adhere to the gas bubbles.
- the mineral-containing foam is stripped off and processed.
- the aim of flotation is to extract the mineral of value from the ores in the highest possible yield and at the same time to obtain the best possible enrichment of the mineral.
- Anion-active, cation-active and ampholytic surfactants are primarily used as collectors in the flotative processing of ores. In contrast to anionic, cationic and ampholytic surfactants, nonionic surfactants are hardly used as collectors in flotation.
- the present invention was therefore based on the object of finding improved collectors in the sense of an economical design of the flotation processes, with which larger yields of valuable minerals are achieved either with constant collector quantities and constant selectivity, or, at least with constant collector quantities, at least constant valuable mineral yields.
- Component a) is in particular alkyl or alkenyl polyethylene glycol ether of the formula I, R1 - O - (CH2CH2O) n - R2 I in which R1 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, R2 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical and n is a number from 1 to 30.
- the end group-capped alkyl or alkenyl polyethylene glycol ethers defined above represent a class of substances known from the literature; they can be obtained by known methods of organic synthesis (see, for example, US Pat. No. 2,856,434, DE-P-15 20 647, DE-A-25 56 527, DE-A-30 11 237, EP-A-00 30 397 and DE-A-33 15 951).
- These end group-capped alkyl or alkenyl polyethylene glycol ethers are more chemically stable than the corresponding polyglycol ethers with a free hydroxyl group, especially in an alkaline medium. Since such blocked alkyl or alkenyl polyglycol ethers also foam less in aqueous solutions than their starting compounds, they have a certain importance for (alkaline) cleaning processes with heavy use (see, for example, DE-A-33 15 951).
- fatty alcohols can be used as starting materials for the preparation of the end-capped alkyl or alkenyl polyethylene glycol ethers to be used according to the invention.
- the fatty alcohol component can consist of straight-chain and branched saturated and unsaturated compounds of this category with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, for example n-octanol, n-decanol, n-dodecanol, n-tetradekanol, n-hexadecanol, n-octadecanol, n-eikosanol, n-docosanol, n-hexadecenol, n-octadecenol, isotridecanol and isooctadecanol.
- the fatty alcohols mentioned can individually form the basis for the end-capped alkyl or alkenyl polyethylene glycol ethers.
- products based on fatty alcohol mixtures are used, which are derived from the fatty acid content of fats and oils of animal or vegetable origin.
- fatty alcohol mixtures can be obtained from the native fats and oils, inter alia via the transesterification of the triglycerides with methanol and subsequent catalytic hydrogenation of the fatty acid methyl esters.
- Both the fatty alcohol mixtures produced in the production process and suitable fractions with a limited amount can be used here Chain length spectrum serve as the basis for the production of the end-capped alkyl or alkenyl polyethylene glycol ether.
- synthetically obtained fatty alcohol mixtures for example the known Ziegler and oxo fatty alcohols, are also suitable as starting materials for the production.
- alkyl or alkenyl polyethylene glycol ethers based on fatty alcohols having 12 to 18 carbon atoms ie. H. such compounds of formula I are used in which R1 corresponds to an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
- the etherification of the free hydroxyl groups required for the end group closure of the alkyl or alkenyl polyethylene glycol ether can be carried out according to the methods described in the literature (for example from US Pat. No. 2,856,434, DE-P-15 20 647, DE-A-25 56 527, DE-A - 30 11 237, EP-A-00 30 397 and DE-A-33 15 951) known methods can be carried out.
- the etherification of the free hydroxyl groups is preferably carried out under the known conditions of Williamson's ether synthesis with straight-chain or branched C1 to C8 alkyl halides or benzyl halides, for example with n-propyl iodide, n-butyl chloride, sec-butyl bromide, tert-butyl chloride, amyl chloride, tert .-Amyl bromide, n-hexyl chloride, n-heptyl bromide, n-octyl chloride and benzyl chloride.
- organic halide it may be appropriate to use organic halide and use alkali in a stoichiometric excess, for example from 100 to 200%, over the hydroxyl groups to be etherified.
- alkali in a stoichiometric excess, for example from 100 to 200%, over the hydroxyl groups to be etherified.
- a corresponding method is described in DE-A-33 15 951.
- preference is given to using alkyl or alkenyl polyethylene glycol ethers which are end group-capped with n-butyl groups.
- cationic and ampholytic surfactants are considered as components b), which are known per se as collectors for the flotation of non-sulfidic ores.
- cationic surfactants are to be used as component b)
- primary aliphatic amines, alkylene diamines substituted with ⁇ -branched alkyl radicals, hydroxyalkyl-substituted alkylene diamines and water-soluble acid addition salts of these amines and quaternary ammonium compounds are particularly suitable.
- Particularly suitable primary aliphatic amines are the fatty amines with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, derived from the fatty acids of the native fats and oils, for example n-octylamine, n-decylamine, h-dodecylamine, n-tetradecylamine, n-hexadecylamine, n-octadecylamine, n-eicosylamine, n-docosylamine, n-hexadecenylamine and n-octadecenylamine.
- the amines mentioned can be used individually as component b).
- amine mixtures whose alkyl and / or alkenyl residues derive from the fatty acid content of fats and oils of animal or vegetable origin are normally used.
- such amine mixtures can be obtained from the fatty acids of native fats and oils obtained by fat cleavage via the associated nitriles by reduction with sodium and alcohols or by catalytic hydrogenation.
- examples of these are tallow amines or hydrotalgamines, such as those derived from tallow fatty acids or hydrogenated tallow fatty acids are accessible via the corresponding nitriles and their hydrogenation.
- the preparation of the compounds of formula V and their use in flotation is described in DE-A-25 47 987.
- the aforementioned amine compounds can be used as such or in the form of their water-soluble salts.
- the salts are in the given case by neutralization, both with equimolar amounts and with an excess or deficit of acid can be obtained.
- Suitable acids are, for example, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid and formic acid.
- the quaternary ammonium compounds suitable for use as component b) correspond to the formula VII, in which R1 is preferably a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R ⁇ is an alkyl radical with 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical, R3 and R4 are each an alkyl radical with 1 to 2 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different, and X is a halide anion, represent in particular a chloride ion.
- R1 is an alkyl group of 8 to 18 carbon atoms; R2, R3 and R4 are the same and are either methyl or ethyl radicals; X is a chloride ion.
- ampholytic surfactants which are used according to the invention as component b) are compounds which contain at least one anion-active and one cation-active group in the molecule, the anion-active groups preferably consisting of sulfonic acid or carboxyl groups and the cation-active groups consisting of amino groups, preferably consist of secondary or tertiary amino groups.
- Particularly suitable ampholytic surfactants are sarcosides, taurides, N-substituted aminopropionic acids and N- (1,2-dicarboxyethyl) -N-alkylsulfosuccinamates.
- the sarcosides suitable for use as component b) correspond to formula VIII, in which R is an alkyl radical having 7 to 21 carbon atoms, preferably 11 to 17 carbon atoms.
- R is an alkyl radical having 7 to 21 carbon atoms, preferably 11 to 17 carbon atoms.
- These sarcosides are known compounds which can be prepared by known processes. With regard to their use in flotation, reference is made to H. Schubert, Auf Struktur solid mineral raw materials, 2nd edition, Leipzig 1977, pp. 310-311, and the references cited therein.
- the taurides suitable for use as component b) correspond to the formula IX, in which R is an alkyl radical having 7 to 21 carbon atoms, preferably 11 to 17 carbon atoms. These taurides are known compounds that can be obtained by known methods. The use of taurids in flotation is known, see H. Schubert, loc. Cit.
- N-substituted aminopropionic acids which are suitable for use as component b) correspond to the formula X, in which n can be zero or a number from 1 to 4, while R is an alkyl or acyl radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
- n can be zero or a number from 1 to 4
- R is an alkyl or acyl radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
- N- (1,2-dicarboxyethyl) -N-alkylsulfosuccinamates suitable for use as component b) in the collector mixtures according to the invention correspond to the formula XI, in which R is an alkyl radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and M is a hydrogen ion, an alkali metal cation or an ammonium ion, preferably a sodium ion.
- the N- (1,2-dicarboxyethyl) -N-alkylsulfosuccinamates mentioned are known compounds which can be prepared by known methods. The use of these compounds as collectors in flotation is also known, see H. Schubert, loc. Cit.
- the weight ratio of components a): b) is in the range from 1:20 to 3: 1, preferably in the range from 1:10 to 1: 1.
- the surfactant mixture must be used in a certain minimum amount in order to achieve economically useful results in the flotation of non-sulfidic ores. However, a maximum amount of surfactant must also not be exceeded, since otherwise the foam formation becomes too strong and the selectivity towards the valuable minerals decreases.
- the collector mixtures to be used according to the invention depend in each case on the type of ores to be floated and on their content of valuable minerals. As a result, the amounts required can vary within wide limits.
- the collector mixtures according to the invention are used in amounts of 50 to 2000, preferably 100 to 1500 g per ton of raw ore.
- the mixtures to be used according to the invention are used in the known flotation processes for non-sulfidic ores instead of known collectors. Accordingly, in addition to the collector mixtures described, the customary reagents such as foaming agents, regulators, activators, deactivators, etc. are also added to the aqueous slurries of the ground ores.
- the flotation is carried out under the conditions of the methods of the prior art.
- a preferred area of use for the collector mixtures to be used according to the invention is the processing of ores such as Scheelite, barite, apatite or iron ores.
- a sieve fraction with a grain size of 100 to 200 ⁇ m was used. During the flotation, the phosphorus present as apatite should be enriched.
- the flotation experiments were carried out in a modified Hallimond tube (microflotation cell) according to B. Dobias, Colloid & Polymer Science, 259 (1981), pages 775 to 776, at room temperature. 2 g of ore were used for each experiment. Distilled water was used to prepare the slurry. The conditioning time was 15 minutes each. During the flotation, an air stream was passed through the slurry at a flow rate of 4 ml / min. The flotation time was 12 minutes in all experiments. The pH was 9.5. The collectors A to D were used in a total dosage of 150 g / t.
- the collector mixtures according to the invention lead to a significant increase in the P2O5 output compared to the comparison substance used alone with only a little change in selectivity.
- the mixtures according to the invention perform with a constant total dosage to a significant increase in P2O5 output with only a slightly reduced selectivity.
- Pure quartz sand was used as a model for an ore that can be floated with cationic surfactants.
- the grain size of the flotation task was below 250 ⁇ m.
- Lauryldimethylammonium chloride without additive served as the reference substance.
- the flotation tests were carried out in the manner given in Example 1, with the modification that the collector mixture or the collector was used here in a total dosage of 100 g / t.
- the flotation time was 2 or 12 minutes.
- the collector mixture according to the invention brings about a strong increase in the total yield at the same collector dosage, in particular with short flotation times.
- the admixture of the fatty alcohol polyethylene glycol n-butyl ether also has a positive influence on the flotation kinetics.
Landscapes
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3818482 | 1988-05-31 | ||
DE3818482A DE3818482A1 (de) | 1988-05-31 | 1988-05-31 | Tensidmischungen als sammler fuer die flotation nichtsulfidischer erze |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0344553A1 EP0344553A1 (de) | 1989-12-06 |
EP0344553B1 true EP0344553B1 (de) | 1992-07-01 |
Family
ID=6355509
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP89109118A Expired - Lifetime EP0344553B1 (de) | 1988-05-31 | 1989-05-20 | Tensidmischungen als Sammler für die Flotation nichtsulfidischer Erze |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US4995998A (xx) |
EP (1) | EP0344553B1 (xx) |
AU (1) | AU609996B2 (xx) |
BR (1) | BR8902487A (xx) |
CA (1) | CA1336018C (xx) |
DE (2) | DE3818482A1 (xx) |
ES (1) | ES2033487T3 (xx) |
FI (1) | FI89464C (xx) |
NO (1) | NO892155L (xx) |
PT (1) | PT90692B (xx) |
TR (1) | TR24028A (xx) |
ZA (1) | ZA894115B (xx) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5510044A (en) * | 1994-05-26 | 1996-04-23 | The University Of British Columbia | Composition for froth flotation of mineral ores comprising amine and frother |
SE514435C2 (sv) | 1999-04-20 | 2001-02-26 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Kvartära ammoniumföreningar för skumflotation av silikater från järnmalm |
DE102006010939A1 (de) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-13 | Clariant International Limited | Flotationsreagenz für Silikate |
DE102006019561A1 (de) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-10-31 | Clariant International Limited | Flotationsreagenz für silikathaltige Mineralien |
CN101543805B (zh) * | 2008-03-28 | 2012-07-18 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | 一种铁矿物浮选鳌合捕收剂 |
CN101722110A (zh) * | 2010-01-14 | 2010-06-09 | 中南大学 | 一种白钨矿精选捕收剂及其应用 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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NO89645A (xx) * | 1953-10-14 | 1900-01-01 | ||
US3865718A (en) * | 1972-12-07 | 1975-02-11 | Dow Chemical Co | Frothers for the flotation of sulfidic ores |
FR2534492A1 (fr) * | 1982-10-13 | 1984-04-20 | Elf Aquitaine | Perfectionnement a la flottation de minerais |
DE3315951A1 (de) * | 1983-05-02 | 1984-11-08 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verwendung von polyglykolethern als schaumdrueckende zusaetze in schaumarmen reinigungsmitteln |
SE8401241D0 (sv) * | 1984-03-07 | 1984-03-07 | Kenogard Ab | Karboxylsyror innehallande amidogrupper, forfarande for deras framstellning samt anvendning av syrorna |
US4584095A (en) * | 1984-06-20 | 1986-04-22 | Thiotech, Inc. | Ore flotation method employing phosphorodithio compounds as frother adjuvants |
DE3517154A1 (de) * | 1985-05-11 | 1986-11-13 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verwendung von tensidgemischen als hilfsmittel fuer die flotation von nichtsulfidischen erzen |
DE3536975A1 (de) * | 1985-10-17 | 1987-04-23 | Henkel Kgaa | Verwendung von nichtionischen tensiden als hilfsmittel fuer die flotation von nichtsulfidischen erzen |
DE3641447A1 (de) * | 1986-12-04 | 1988-06-09 | Henkel Kgaa | Tensidmischungen als sammler fuer die flotation nichtsulfidischer erze |
US4871466A (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1989-10-03 | American Cyanamid Company | Novel collectors and processes for making and using same |
-
1988
- 1988-05-31 DE DE3818482A patent/DE3818482A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1989
- 1989-05-03 TR TR89/0375A patent/TR24028A/xx unknown
- 1989-05-20 ES ES198989109118T patent/ES2033487T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-20 EP EP89109118A patent/EP0344553B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-20 DE DE8989109118T patent/DE58901762D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-05-29 NO NO89892155A patent/NO892155L/no unknown
- 1989-05-30 US US07/359,061 patent/US4995998A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-05-30 PT PT90692A patent/PT90692B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-05-30 AU AU35828/89A patent/AU609996B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-05-30 ZA ZA894115A patent/ZA894115B/xx unknown
- 1989-05-30 FI FI892612A patent/FI89464C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-05-31 BR BR898902487A patent/BR8902487A/pt unknown
- 1989-05-31 CA CA000601352A patent/CA1336018C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4995998A (en) | 1991-02-26 |
FI892612A (fi) | 1989-12-01 |
FI89464B (fi) | 1993-06-30 |
AU609996B2 (en) | 1991-05-09 |
NO892155D0 (no) | 1989-05-29 |
DE3818482A1 (de) | 1989-12-07 |
ZA894115B (en) | 1990-01-31 |
EP0344553A1 (de) | 1989-12-06 |
FI89464C (fi) | 1993-10-11 |
ES2033487T3 (es) | 1993-03-16 |
TR24028A (tr) | 1991-02-04 |
PT90692A (pt) | 1989-11-30 |
CA1336018C (en) | 1995-06-20 |
BR8902487A (pt) | 1990-01-16 |
PT90692B (pt) | 1994-10-31 |
DE58901762D1 (de) | 1992-08-06 |
FI892612A0 (fi) | 1989-05-30 |
NO892155L (no) | 1989-12-01 |
AU3582889A (en) | 1989-12-07 |
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