EP0330842B1 - Apparatus for reprofiling a railway - Google Patents
Apparatus for reprofiling a railway Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0330842B1 EP0330842B1 EP89101522A EP89101522A EP0330842B1 EP 0330842 B1 EP0330842 B1 EP 0330842B1 EP 89101522 A EP89101522 A EP 89101522A EP 89101522 A EP89101522 A EP 89101522A EP 0330842 B1 EP0330842 B1 EP 0330842B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- track
- rail
- grinding unit
- fact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000000063 preceeding effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B31/00—Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
- E01B31/02—Working rail or other metal track components on the spot
- E01B31/12—Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails
- E01B31/17—Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails by grinding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the rectification of the rails of a railroad track by grinding.
- a device for reprofiling the fungus of at least one rail comprising a support carrying at least one grinding unit, pivotally mounted about an axis parallel to the axis longitudinal of the rail, having at least one grinding wheel driven in rotation by a motor and means of axial displacement of this grinding wheel to apply it against a generator of the rail head and thus compensating for its wear.
- This known device also includes means for moving the pivot axis of the grinding unit, parallel to itself, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail.
- a problem which arises for rail reprofiling machines is to be able, with the same grinding wheel, to grind both the inside face and the fillet, the tread table as the outside face and fillet of the rail. This is especially essential when preparing rails for the railing. With existing machines, this can only be done with long manual adjustments and bulky grinding units, their axial stroke, parallel to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel, having to be large. Finally, these large axial strokes affect the precision of grinding.
- Patent EP-0.145.919 describes a machine in which the grinding wheel (s) can pivot by a large angle, of about 180 °, that is to say by a much greater angle than on existing machines, while avoiding that from its pivoting the grinding wheel does not conflict with the obstacles it could meet on the way, such as the fishplates, lag screws, etc.
- a change in the inclination of the grinding wheel is prevented from causing a significant correction of its axial position, parallel to its axis of rotation, to bring it back into contact with the rail.
- the grinding units are mounted on carriages or chassis suspended under a railway vehicle and rest on one of the rails by guide rollers. Therefore the reference grinding plane is defined by the running surface of the working rail and not by the track plane.
- the plane of the tread table thereof is modified so that the reprofiling of the rail is carried out on the basis of an imprecise reference plane.
- pivoting grinding units comprising a motor driving two rotating grinding wheels, the height of these units requires a large available space under the rail vehicle and it becomes difficult to accommodate trolleys under it. guidance.
- the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and relates to a device for reprofiling the head of at least one rail track
- a device for reprofiling the head of at least one rail track comprising a support carrying at least one grinding unit, pivotally mounted about a parallel axis to the longitudinal axis of the rail, having at least one motor driving in rotation at least one grinding wheel and means of displacement in height of this grinding unit relative to the support and in translation of the pivot axis of the grinding in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail; this grinding unit further comprising means for moving the grinding wheel to apply it against the rail;
- the support is constituted by the chassis of a railway vehicle provided at one of its ends with at least two wheels each resting on one of the rows of rails of the track and articulated around at least one axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the track at its other end on a rigid frame provided with at least two wheels each resting on one of the rows of rails of the track, this chassis being guided by the track and
- the device for reprofiling the head of at least one rail of a railroad track comprises a support carrying at least one grinding unit.
- This grinding unit is pivotally mounted about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail and has at least one motor driving at least one grinding wheel in rotation.
- the device also comprises means for moving the grinding unit in height relative to the support and for translating the pivot axis of the grinding unit in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail.
- the grinding unit also includes means for moving the grinding wheel to apply it against the rail to be ground.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the support of the grinding units which is constituted by the chassis 1 of a rail vehicle (not shown).
- This chassis is provided at one of its ends with at least two wheels 2 each resting on one of the lines R1, R2 of rails of the track.
- the usual suspensions are provided, however this chassis has systems for blocking these suspensions to make it completely rigid and secured to its wheels 2 during the grinding work.
- the other end of the chassis is articulated here around an axis 3 parallel to the plane of the track on a rigid frame 4 and provided with at least two wheels 5 each resting on a line R1, R2 of rails.
- suspensions can be provided for walking up and down the vehicle, for its movement at high speed from one grinding site to another. In this case blocking systems, canceling the effect of these suspensions are provided to make the frame rigid and integral with the wheels 5 during the grinding work.
- the ball joint 3 is located in the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the chassis 1.
- this grinding device is that the support for the grinding units is directly constituted by the chassis of a railway vehicle from which the suspension can be blocked, this chassis resting at three points, the two wheels 2 and l 'intermediate of axis 3, on the track. In this way this chassis is always strictly parallel to the plane of the track. This is important because the reference base for grinding is formed by a plane parallel to the track plane and no longer as in current devices and systems by a horizontal plane tangent to the running surface of a single rail. It is thus possible to automatically take into account the position of installation of the rail, which is impossible with existing systems.
- the reference base for grinding is the same for the grinding units working on the two rows of rails R1 and R2 which is not the case in existing devices where the grinding units are controlled as a function of a reference determined only by the line of rails R1 or R2 on which they work.
- Another advantage of this configuration lies in the elimination of the grinding carriages which were arranged under the carrying vehicles and towed by them. Indeed, modern grinding units, and in particular those comprising two grinding wheels driven by a single motor, are bulky and can only be difficult to mount on trolleys before themselves finding a place under the carrier vehicle. The removal of the grinding trolleys frees up a lot of space under the vehicle and therefore allows large grinding units to be accommodated there.
- FIG. 2 we see the support 1 formed by the chassis of a rail vehicle resting on the track through the wheels 2 and the suspension 6.
- a cylinder 7 connects the bearing 8 of the axis of the wheel 2 to the frame 1 and makes it possible to fix the distance separating this axis from the frame and therefore to block or remove the suspension 6.
- the right end of the frame is articulated by a ball joint 3 on the end of a frame identical to the first and constituting the frame 2 of the adjacent railway vehicle.
- This particular arrangement makes it possible to limit the lateral clearance of the layer grinding units.
- Each grinding unit consisting of an electric motor 9 whose motor shaft 10, emerging on either side of the motor casing 9, is provided at each of its ends with a grinding wheel 11, 12 which it drives in rotation. These grindstones 11, 12 can be identical or different.
- the motor 9 is integral with a caliper 13, the wings of which are connected by two guide rods 14 (FIG. 4) sliding in the body 15 of a hydraulic cylinder, the piston 16 of which is connected to the caliper 13.
- the body 15 and therefore the entire grinding unit is mounted on a frame 17 so as to pivot around an axis xx parallel to the axis of the rail R1 using a rotary table of known construction.
- each grinding unit is rotatably mounted using a turntable is connected to the chassis 1 of the rail vehicle by means of displacement in height, for example a screw 18 driven by a motor 19, this screw being pivoted idly in the frame 1 and being engaged with a nut 20 secured to the chassis 1.
- This frame 17 is also connected (FIG. 3) to the chassis 1 by means of translation of the pivot axis of the grinding unit perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the rails R1, R2.
- a screw 21 is pivoted at its ends on the chassis 1 and is rotated by a motor 22. This screw 21 is engaged with a nut 23 secured to the nut 20.
- Associated with the displacement means 14, 16 of the grinding wheel 11 are provided means for measuring the distance separating the working surface T of the grinding wheel from the center of the rotary table, ie from the pivot axis xx of the grinding unit.
- Any position measuring device can be used such as for example a variable potentiometer 25 secured to the body 15 of the grinding unit, the cursor 26 of which is secured to the caliper 13 carrying the motor 9 driving the wheel (s).
- the grinding unit control device comprises a microprocessor 27 receiving signals representative of the type of grinding wheel used, the path traveled, the location and the nature of the obstacles present along the track and the grinding angle , that is to say the generator of the rail head on which the grinding wheel must intervene.
- This microprocessor 27 then delivers, as a function of this information, a signal there controlling the motor 19 defining the height of the axis x-x of pivoting of the grinding unit relative to the chassis 1; a signal X controlling the motor 22 defining the transverse position of the pivot axis x-x of the grinding unit with respect to either the envisaged rail file or the longitudinal axis of the track; and finally a signal ⁇ controlling the motor 24 defining the angular position of the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel relative to the reference plane.
- this control device it is possible to have the axis xx of pivoting of the grinding wheel describe paths A or B for example, see FIGS. 7 and 8, depending on the type of grinding wheel used to allow this axis xx to be positioned in function of the generator of the rail to be machined and the plane of the track as well as controlling the inclination ⁇ of the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel or more generally the direction of movement of this grinding wheel obtained by the jack 15, 16 .
- this microprocessor 27 makes it possible to control a lifting of the grinding unit or a change of the angle ⁇ to avoid an obstacle as well as to modify the paths A, B to take account of the wear of the grinding wheel as a function of the road traveled.
- the pressure of the grinding wheel against the rail to be reprofiled is determined by the jack 15, 16 controlled by a servovalve 28 making it possible to supply one or the other of the chambers 29, 30 by a flow of pressurized fluid Pr or the put to exhaust E.
- This servovalve 28 is controlled by a microprocessor 31 receiving indications relating to the grinding power P, to the maximum authorized displacement S of the grinding wheel; a signal from the microprocessor 27 weighting or modulating the other information as a function of the obstacles, the path traveled, the grinding angle ⁇ and the type of grinding wheel used.
- microprocessor 31 still receives signals representative of the distance u from the axis xx of pivoting of the grinding wheel to the working surface T of this grinding wheel as well as the effective grinding power t delivered by an I / P converter supplied by the intensity of the grinding motor 9.
- microprocessors 27 and 31 can simultaneously control all the movements and displacements of several grinding units.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate the paths traveled C, D by the pivot axis x-x of the grinding unit, controlled by the microprocessor 27, when the grinding wheels used are a grinding wheel of shape 32 respectively a peripheral grinding wheel 33.
- the angle of inclination ⁇ being defined, depending on the working generator, it is introduced manually or automatic in the microprocessor 27.
- the working cylinder 15, 16 controlled by the servo-valve 28 itself controlled by the microprocessor 31 moves the grinding unit to bring the grinding wheel into contact with the rail R1 and then adjusts the grinding force P. If a distance maximum of the working face T of the grinding wheel 11 relative to the pivot axis xx of the grinding unit is prescribed, the maximum stroke of the jack 15, 16 is also determined by this microprocessor 31.
- a linear sensor measures the displacement U of the grinding wheel relative to its support, the turntable, and therefore makes it possible to control its relative position.
- the reference plane being the rigid chassis of the vehicle whose position in space is defined by three points, all the positioning parameters of all the grinding units are referenced to a base parallel to the plane of the track.
- the coordinates ( ⁇ , X, Y) being defined and the grinding unit positioned accordingly, the actuator 15, 16 controlled by the servo -valve 28 associated with the regulation loop constituted by the I / P converter, and the microprocessor 31 allows grinding at constant power.
- the dimensions Vi representative of (Yi + Ui) designate the distances from the working faces Ti of the grinding wheels relative to the reference plane defined by the chassis 1 of the vehicle.
- the highest grinding wheel 113 defines the upper grinding limit
- the threshold S defines the lower limit below which it has been decided to no longer grind the rail.
- This upper limit Vi and this threshold S define the corridor in which all the grinding units are authorized to move to rectify the rail.
- the microprocessor 31 controlling the servo-valve 28 taking into account the value of the threshold S the units cannot fall below the defined lower limit and only the crests of the corrugations are ground.
- each queue being independent, it is possible to grind one queue with a certain threshold and the other with another threshold or with the same threshold depending on the case.
- a device for reprofiling at least one head of a line of rails of a railway track has thus been produced which automatically controls the positioning of each of the grinding units relative to a reference base parallel to the plane of the track and which also fully automatically controls the grinding pressure and if necessary the maximum grinding depth in order to avoid grinding the hollows of long waves.
- the means of displacement in height and of translation of the pivot axis xx of the grinding units are produced differently.
- the grinding unit with its means for moving the grinding wheel actuated by the jack 15, 16 and the rotary table actuated by its motor 24 is slidably mounted along an arm 34 pivoted at 35 on the chassis 1.
- a motor 36 makes it possible to vary the distance R separating the pivot axis xx of the grinding unit from the pivot axis 35 of the arm.
- Another motor 37 makes it possible to angularly position this arm 34 at an angle ⁇ relative to the chassis, and therefore to the reference plane.
- the microprocessor 27 of the control device would calculate signals corresponding to angle ⁇ and to the distance R in place of the coordinates X, Y as previously.
- this reprofiling device can be equipped with any type of grinding wheel or even with several different types of grinding wheel, lapidary, conical, peripheral and of any diameter.
- Vehicles can be towed or self-propelled.
- the fact of providing vehicles articulated to each other makes it possible to reduce the deflection in the curves.
- the vacuum under the vehicles is entirely free to receive the grinding units since there is no longer any need for a guide carriage for these.
- vehicles can be fitted with lateral guide rollers coming into contact with the internal faces of the rails.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
- Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Reverberation, Karaoke And Other Acoustics (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention se rapporte à la rectification des rails d'une voie ferrée par meulage.The present invention relates to the rectification of the rails of a railroad track by grinding.
On utilise actuellement pour le profilage des rails des machines comportant des unités de meulage pivotantes commandées car il est ainsi possible de réduire le nombre de meules nécessaires à la reconstitution du profil et donc de réaliser des machines compactes. Ces machines à unités de meulage pivotantes commandées, telles que décrites dans les brevets CH-606.616 ou CH-633.336, présentent notamment inconvénient de nécessiter lors de chaque réglage angulaire de l'inclinaison de la meule un repositionnement de la meule contre le rail à meuler. De plus, l'amplitude angulaire du pivotement des unités de meulage est limitée.Currently used for the profiling of the rails machines comprising pivoting controlled grinding units because it is thus possible to reduce the number of grinding wheels necessary for the reconstitution of the profile and therefore to produce compact machines. These machines with controlled pivoting grinding units, as described in patents CH-606,616 or CH-633,336, have in particular the disadvantage of requiring at each angular adjustment of the inclination of the grinding wheel a repositioning of the grinding wheel against the rail to be ground . In addition, the angular amplitude of the pivoting of the grinding units is limited.
Il est en outre connu du brevet GB-A-1.151.010 un dispositif pour le reprofilage du champignon d'au moins un rail comportant un support portant au moins une unité de meulage, montée pivotante autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du rail, présentant au moins une meule entraînée en rotation par un moteur et des moyens de déplacement axial de cette meule pour l'appliquer contre une génératrice du champignon du rail et compensant ainsi son usure. Ce dispositif connu comporte également des moyens de déplacement de l'axe de pivotement de l'unité de meulage, parallèlement à lui-même, suivant une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du rail.It is also known from GB-A-1,151,010 a device for reprofiling the fungus of at least one rail comprising a support carrying at least one grinding unit, pivotally mounted about an axis parallel to the axis longitudinal of the rail, having at least one grinding wheel driven in rotation by a motor and means of axial displacement of this grinding wheel to apply it against a generator of the rail head and thus compensating for its wear. This known device also includes means for moving the pivot axis of the grinding unit, parallel to itself, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail.
Un problème qui se pose pour les machines de reprofilage des rails est de pouvoir, avec la même meule, meuler aussi bien la face et le congé intérieurs, la table de roulement que la face et le congé extérieurs du rail. Ceci est notamment indispensable lorsqu'on prépare des rails pour le barreaudage. Avec les machines existantes, ceci ne peut se faire qu'avec des réglages manuels longs et des unités de meulage encombrantes, leur course axiale, parallèle à l'axe de rotation de la meule, devant être grande. Enfin, ces grandes courses axiales nuisent à la précision du meulage.A problem which arises for rail reprofiling machines is to be able, with the same grinding wheel, to grind both the inside face and the fillet, the tread table as the outside face and fillet of the rail. This is especially essential when preparing rails for the railing. With existing machines, this can only be done with long manual adjustments and bulky grinding units, their axial stroke, parallel to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel, having to be large. Finally, these large axial strokes affect the precision of grinding.
Le brevet EP-0.145.919 décrit une machine dont la ou les meules puissent pivoter d'un grand angle, d'environ 180°, soit d'un angle beaucoup plus grand que sur les machines existantes, tout en évitant qu'au cours de son pivotement la meule n'entre en conflit avec les obstacles qu'elle pourrait rencontrer en voie, tels les éclisses, tire-fonds, etc. De plus, pour assurer une bonne qualité du meulage on évite qu'un changement d'inclinaison de la meule n'entraîne une correction importante de sa position axiale, parallèle à son axe de rotation, pour la ramener en contact avec le rail.Patent EP-0.145.919 describes a machine in which the grinding wheel (s) can pivot by a large angle, of about 180 °, that is to say by a much greater angle than on existing machines, while avoiding that from its pivoting the grinding wheel does not conflict with the obstacles it could meet on the way, such as the fishplates, lag screws, etc. In addition, to ensure good quality of grinding, a change in the inclination of the grinding wheel is prevented from causing a significant correction of its axial position, parallel to its axis of rotation, to bring it back into contact with the rail.
Dans toutes ces réalisations les unités de meulage sont montées sur des chariots ou châssis suspendus sous un véhicule ferroviaire et reposent sur un des rails par des galets de guidage. De ce fait le plan de référence de meulage est défini par la surface de roulement du rail en travail et non pas par le plan de la voie. Lorsque le rail est fortement usé, le plan de la table de roulement de celui-ci est modifié de sorte que le reprofilage du rail s'effectue sur la base d'un plan de référence imprécis. D'autre part vu l'utilisation d'unités de meulage pivotantes comportant un moteur entraînant deux meules en rotation, la hauteur de ces unités nécessite un espace disponible important sous le véhicule ferroviaire et il devient difficile de loger sous celui-ci des chariots de guidage.In all these embodiments the grinding units are mounted on carriages or chassis suspended under a railway vehicle and rest on one of the rails by guide rollers. Therefore the reference grinding plane is defined by the running surface of the working rail and not by the track plane. When the rail is strongly worn, the plane of the tread table thereof is modified so that the reprofiling of the rail is carried out on the basis of an imprecise reference plane. On the other hand, given the use of pivoting grinding units comprising a motor driving two rotating grinding wheels, the height of these units requires a large available space under the rail vehicle and it becomes difficult to accommodate trolleys under it. guidance.
La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et a pour objet un dispositif pour le reprofilage du champignon d'au moins un rail de voie ferrée comportant un support portant au moins une unité de meulage, montée pivotante autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du rail, présentant au moins un moteur entraînant en rotation au moins une meule et des moyens de déplacement en hauteur de cette unité de meulage par rapport au support et en translation de l'axe de pivotement de l'unité de meulage suivant une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du rail; cette unité de meulage comportant encore des moyens de déplacement de la meule pour l'appliquer contre le rail; caractérisé par le fait que le support est constitué par le châssis d'un véhicule ferroviaire muni à l'une de ses extrémités d'au moins deux roues reposant chacune sur une des files de rails de la voie et articulé autour d'au moins un axe parallèle à l'axe longitudinal de la voie à son autre extrémité sur un cadre rigide muni d'au moins deux roues reposant chacune sur une des files de rails de la voie, ce châssis étant guidé par la voie et définissant en tout instant un plan de référence pour le meulage; par le fait que chaque unité de meulage comporte un bâti relié au châssis par les moyens de déplacement en hauteur et en translation de l'axe de pivotement de cette unité de meulage; et par le fait que chaque meule est reliée à ce bâti d'une part par une table tournante et d'autre part par lesdits moyens de déplacement de la meule.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and relates to a device for reprofiling the head of at least one rail track comprising a support carrying at least one grinding unit, pivotally mounted about a parallel axis to the longitudinal axis of the rail, having at least one motor driving in rotation at least one grinding wheel and means of displacement in height of this grinding unit relative to the support and in translation of the pivot axis of the grinding in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail; this grinding unit further comprising means for moving the grinding wheel to apply it against the rail; characterized in that the support is constituted by the chassis of a railway vehicle provided at one of its ends with at least two wheels each resting on one of the rows of rails of the track and articulated around at least one axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the track at its other end on a rigid frame provided with at least two wheels each resting on one of the rows of rails of the track, this chassis being guided by the track and defining at all times a plan reference for grinding; by the fact that each grinding unit comprises a frame connected to the chassis by means of displacement in height and in translation of the pivot axis of this grinding unit; and by the fact that each wheel is connected to this frame on the one hand by a rotary table and on the other hand by said means for moving the wheel.
Le dessin annexé illustre schématiquement et à titre d'exemple une forme d'exécution et des variantes du dispositif de reprofilage selon l'invention.
- La figure 1 est un schéma illustrant la conception du châssis d'un véhicule ferroviaire constituant le support du dispositif de reprofilage.
- La figure 2 est une vue de côté en élévation du dispositif de reprofilage.
- La figure 3 est une vue en bout du dispositif de reprofilage.
- La figure 4 illustre partiellement en coupe une unité de meulage.
- La figure 5 est un schéma d'un dispositif de commande d'une unité de meulage.
- La figure 6 illustre schématiquement le mode de travail du dispositif de meulage selon l'invention.
- Les figures 7 et 8 illustrent les différentes positions angulaires autour du rail que peuvent prendre les meules lapidaires de diamètres différents d'une unité de meulage, positions déterminées par le dispositif de commande.
- Les figures 9 et 10 sont semblables aux figures 7 et 8 pour une meule de forme et une meule périphérique.
- La figure 11 illustre schématiquement une variante du système de commande d'une unité de meulage.
- Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the design of the chassis of a rail vehicle constituting the support of the reprofiling device.
- Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the reprofiling device.
- Figure 3 is an end view of the reprofiling device.
- Figure 4 partially illustrates in section a grinding unit.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram of a control device for a grinding unit.
- FIG. 6 schematically illustrates the working mode of the grinding device according to the invention.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate the different angular positions around the rail that lapidary grinding wheels of different diameters of a grinding unit can take, positions determined by the control device.
- Figures 9 and 10 are similar to Figures 7 and 8 for a grinding wheel and a peripheral wheel.
- FIG. 11 schematically illustrates a variant of the control system of a grinding unit.
Le dispositif pour le reprofilage du champignon d'au moins un rail d'une voie ferrée comporte un support portant au moins une unité de meulage. Cette unité de meulage est montée pivotante autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du rail et présente au moins un moteur entraînant au moins une meule en rotation. Le dispositif comporte encore des moyens de déplacement en hauteur de l'unité de meulage par rapport au support et de translation de l'axe de pivotement de l'unité de meulage suivant une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du rail. L'unité de meulage comporte encore des moyens de déplacement de la meule pour l'appliquer contre le rail à meuler.The device for reprofiling the head of at least one rail of a railroad track comprises a support carrying at least one grinding unit. This grinding unit is pivotally mounted about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail and has at least one motor driving at least one grinding wheel in rotation. The device also comprises means for moving the grinding unit in height relative to the support and for translating the pivot axis of the grinding unit in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail. The grinding unit also includes means for moving the grinding wheel to apply it against the rail to be ground.
La figure 1 illustre schématiquement le support des unités de meulage qui est constitué par le châssis 1 d'un véhicule ferroviaire (non illustré). Ce châssis est muni à l'une de ses extrémités d'au moins deux roues 2 reposant chacune sur l'une des files R1, R2 de rails de la voie. Pour la marche haut le pied du véhicule des suspensions habituelles sont prévues, toutefois ce châssis comporte des systèmes de blocage de ces suspensions pour le rendre tout à fait rigide et solidaire de ses roues 2 lors du travail de meulage.Figure 1 schematically illustrates the support of the grinding units which is constituted by the
L'autre extrémité du châssis est articulée ici autour d'un axe 3 parallèle au plan de la voie sur un cadre 4 rigide et muni d'au moins deux roues 5 reposant chacune sur une file R1, R2 de rails. Ici également des suspensions peuvent être prévues pour la marche haut le pied du véhicule, pour son déplacement à grande vitesse d'un chantier de meulage à l'autre. Dans ce cas des systèmes de blocage, annulant l'effet de ces suspensions sont prévus pour rendre le cadre rigide et solidaire des roues 5 pendant le travail de meulage. Dans la présente forme d'exécution la rotule 3 est située dans le plan de symétrie longitudinal du châssis 1.The other end of the chassis is articulated here around an
Ainsi l'une des originalités de ce dispositif de meulage est que le support des unités de meulage est directement constitué par le châssis d'un véhicule ferroviaire dont on peut bloquer la suspension, ce châssis reposant par trois points, les deux roues 2 et l'intermédiaire de l'axe 3, sur la voie. De cette façon ce châssis est toujours strictement parallèle au plan de la voie. Ceci est important car la base de référence du meulage est formée par un plan parallèle au plan de la voie et non plus comme dans les dispositifs et systèmes actuels par un plan horizontal tangent à la surface de roulement d'un seul rail. Il est ainsi possible de tenir compte automatiquement de la position de pose du rail, ce qui est impossible avec les systèmes existants. De plus, la base de référence pour le meulage, le plan défini par le châssis 1 parallèle au plan de la voie, est la même pour les unités de meulage travaillant sur les deux files de rails R1 et R2 ce qui n'est pas le cas dans les dispositifs existants où les unités de meulage sont commandées en fonction d'une référence déterminée uniquement par la file de rails R1 ou R2 sur laquelle elles travaillent.One of the original features of this grinding device is that the support for the grinding units is directly constituted by the chassis of a railway vehicle from which the suspension can be blocked, this chassis resting at three points, the two
Grâce à cette conception, base de référence parallèle au plan de la voie et commune à toutes les unités de meulage, il est possible de reprofiler une voie de chemin de fer avec beaucoup plus de précision et de lui redonner, non seulement une forme adéquate de chacun des rails séparément, mais d'assurer que les profils des rails rectifiés soient positionnés correctement l'un par rapport à l'autre, comme lors de la pose initiale des rails.Thanks to this design, a reference base parallel to the track plane and common to all grinding units, it is possible to reprofile a railway track with much more precision and to give it back, not only an adequate form of each of the rails separately, but to ensure that the profiles of the rectified rails are positioned correctly with respect to each other, as during the initial installation of the rails.
Il est évident que la voie ainsi rectifiée est beaucoup plus proche des qualités d'une voie d'origine que les voies reprofilées avec les dispositifs connus. Ceci devient de plus en plus important du fait de la vitesse croissante des trains.It is obvious that the track thus rectified is much closer to the qualities of an original track than the tracks reprofiled with known devices. This is becoming more and more important due to the increasing speed of the trains.
Un autre avantage de cette configuration réside dans la suppression des chariots de meulage qui étaient disposés sous les véhicules porteurs et tractés par ceux-ci. En effet les unités de meulage modernes, et notamment celles comportant deux meules entraînées par un seul motor, sont volumineuses et ne peuvent qu'être difficilement montées sur des chariots devant eux-mêmes trouver place sous le véhicule porteur. La suppression des chariots de meulage libère beaucoup d'espace sous le véhicule et permet donc d'y loger des unités de meulage de grandes dimensions.Another advantage of this configuration lies in the elimination of the grinding carriages which were arranged under the carrying vehicles and towed by them. Indeed, modern grinding units, and in particular those comprising two grinding wheels driven by a single motor, are bulky and can only be difficult to mount on trolleys before themselves finding a place under the carrier vehicle. The removal of the grinding trolleys frees up a lot of space under the vehicle and therefore allows large grinding units to be accommodated there.
Sur la figure 2 on voit le support 1 formé par le châssis d'un véhicule ferroviaire reposant sur la voie par l'intermédiaire des roues 2 et de la suspension 6. Un vérin 7 relie le palier 8 de l'axe de la roue 2 au châssis 1 et permet de fixer impérativement la distance séparant cet axe du châssis et donc de bloquer ou supprimer la suspension 6. L'extrémité droite du châssis est articulée par une rotule 3 sur extrémité d'un châssis identique au premier et constituant le cadre 2 du véhicule ferroviaire contigu.In Figure 2 we see the
Cette disposition particulière permet de limiter l'ébat latéral des unités de meulage en couche.This particular arrangement makes it possible to limit the lateral clearance of the layer grinding units.
Chaque unité de meulage constituée d'un moteur électrique 9 dont l'arbre moteur 10, émergeant de part et d'autre du carter du moteur 9, est muni à chacune de ses extrémités d'une meule 11, 12 qu'il entraîne en rotation. Ces meules 11, 12 peuvent être identiques ou différentes. Le moteur 9 est solidaire d'un étrier 13 dont les ailes sont reliées par deux tiges de guidage 14 (figure 4) coulissant dans le corps 15 d'un cylindre hydraulique dont le piston 16 est relié à l'étrier 13. Le corps 15 et donc la totalité de l'unité de meulage est monté sur un bâti 17 de façon pivotante autour d'un axe x-x parallèle à l'axe du rail R1 à l'aide d'une table tournante de construction connue.Each grinding unit consisting of an
Dans la forme d'exécution illustrée deux unités de meulage identiques sont montées sur le bâti 17.In the illustrated embodiment two identical grinding units are mounted on the
Le bâti 17 sur lequel chaque unité de meulage est montée rotative à l'aide d'une table tournante est reliée au châssis 1 du véhicule ferroviaire par des moyens de déplacement en hauteur, par exemple une vis 18 entraînée par un moteur 19, cette vis étant pivotée folle dans le bâti 1 et étant en prise avec un écrou 20 solidaire du châssis 1.The
Ce bâti 17 est également relié (figure 3) au châssis 1 par des moyens de translation de l'axe de pivotement de l'unité de meulage perpendiculairement aux axes longitudinaux des rails R1, R2. Une vis 21 est pivotée par ses extrémités sur le châssis 1 et est entraînée en rotation par un moteur 22. Cette vis 21 est en prise avec un écrou 23 solidaire de l'écrou 20.This
Enfin la rotation de la table tournante de chaque unité de meulage est commandée par un moteur 24.Finally, the rotation of the rotary table of each grinding unit is controlled by a
Associés aux moyens de déplacement 14, 16 de la meule 11 sont prévus des moyens de mesure de la distance séparant la surface de travail T de la meule du centre de la table tournante soit de l'axe x-x de pivotement de l'unité de meulage. Tout dispositif de mesure de position peut être utilisé tel par exemple un potentiomètre variable 25 solidaire du corps 15 de l'unité de meulage dont le curseur 26 est lui solidaire de l'étrier 13 portant le moteur 9 entraînant la ou les meules.Associated with the displacement means 14, 16 of the
Le dispositif de commande de l'unité de meulage comporte un microprocesseur 27 recevant des signaux représentatifs du type de meule utilisé, du chemin parcouru, de la localisation et de la nature des obstacles présents le long de la voie et de l'angle de meulage, c'est-à-dire de la génératrice du champignon du rail sur laquelle la meule doit intervenir.The grinding unit control device comprises a
Ce microprocesseur 27 délivre alors, en fonction de ces informations, un signal y commandant le moteur 19 définissant la hauteur de l'axe x-x de pivotement de l'unité de meulage par rapport au châssis 1; un signal X commandant le moteur 22 définissant la position transversale de l'axe de pivotement x-x de l'unité de meulage par rapport à soit la file de rails envisagée, soit l'axe longitudinal de la voie; et enfin un signal φ commandant le moteur 24 définissant la position angulaire de l'axe de rotation de la meule par rapport au plan de référence.This
Grâce à ce dispositif de commande il est possible de faire décrire à l'axe x-x de pivotement de la meule des chemins A ou B par exemple, voir figures 7 et 8, suivant le type de meule utilisé pour permettre de positionner cet axe x-x en fonction de la génératrice du rail à usiner et du plan de la voie ainsi que de commander l'inclinaison φ de l'axe de rotation de la meule ou de façon plus générale la direction de déplacement de cette meule obtenue par le vérin 15, 16.With this control device it is possible to have the axis xx of pivoting of the grinding wheel describe paths A or B for example, see FIGS. 7 and 8, depending on the type of grinding wheel used to allow this axis xx to be positioned in function of the generator of the rail to be machined and the plane of the track as well as controlling the inclination φ of the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel or more generally the direction of movement of this grinding wheel obtained by the
En plus ce microprocesseur 27 permet de commander un relevage de l'unité de meulage ou un changement de l'angle φ pour éviter un obstacle ainsi que de modifier les cheminements A,B pour tenir compte de l'usure de la meule en fonction du chemin parcouru.In addition, this
La pression de la meule contre le rail à reprofiler est déterminée par le vérin 15, 16 commandé par une servovalve 28 permettant d'alimenter l'un ou l'autre des chambres 29,30 par un flux de fluide sous pression Pr ou de la mettre à l'échappement E. Cette servovalve 28 est piloté par un microprocesseur 31 recevant des indications relatives à la puissance de meulage P, au déplacement maximum autorisé S de la meule; un signal du microprocesseur 27 pondérant ou modulant les autres informations en fonction des obstacles, du chemin parcouru, de l'angle de meulage φ et du type de meule utilisé. Enfin le microprocesseur 31 reçoit encore des signaux représentatifs de la distance u de l'axe x-x de pivotement de la meule à la surface de travail T de cette meule ainsi que de la puissance de meulage effective t délivrée par un convertisseur I/P alimenté par l'intensité du moteur 9 de meulage.The pressure of the grinding wheel against the rail to be reprofiled is determined by the
Il est évident que les microprocesseurs 27 et 31 peuvent commander simultanément tous les mouvements et déplacements de plusieurs unités de meulage.It is obvious that the
Les figures 9 et 10 illustrent les chemins parcourus C, D par l'axe de pivotement x-x de l'unité de meulage, commandé par le microprocesseur 27, lorsque les meules utilisées sont une meule de forme 32 respectivement une meule périphérique 33.FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate the paths traveled C, D by the pivot axis x-x of the grinding unit, controlled by the
Le fonctionnement du dispositif de reprofilage des rails d'une voie de chemin de fer décrit est par exemple le suivant:The operation of the reprofiling device of the rails of a railway track described is for example the following:
On commence par positionner chacune des unités de meulage par rapport au rail à usiner en fonction de données obtenues lors de mesures préalables du profil en long et en travers du rail usé.We start by positioning each of the grinding units relative to the rail to be machined according to data obtained during preliminary measurements of the profile along and across the worn rail.
L'angle d'inclinaison φ étant défini, suivant la génératrice de travail, il est introduit de façon manuelle ou automatique dans le microprocesseur 27. Les coordonnées X = f1 (φ); Y = f2 (φ) sont calculées par ce microprocesseur et l'unité de meulage est positionnée automatiquement (φ, X, Y) comme sur les machines-outils à commande numérique par les signaux délivrés aux moteurs 19, 22 et 24.The angle of inclination φ being defined, depending on the working generator, it is introduced manually or automatic in the
Le vérin de travail 15, 16 commandé par la servo-valve 28 elle-même pilotée par le microprocesseur 31 déplace l'unité de meulage pour amener la meule en contact avec le rail R1 et ensuite règle la force de meulage P. Si une distance maximum de la face de travail T de la meule 11 par rapport à l'axe de pivotement x-x de l'unité de meulage est prescrite, la course maximum du vérin 15, 16 est également déterminée par ce microprocesseur 31.The working
Un capteur linéaire mesure le déplacement U de la meule par rapport à son support, la table tournante, et permet par conséquent d'en contrôler la position relative.A linear sensor measures the displacement U of the grinding wheel relative to its support, the turntable, and therefore makes it possible to control its relative position.
Le plan de référence étant le châssis rigide du véhicule dont la position dans l'espace est définie par trois points, tous les paramètres de positionnement de toutes les unités de meulage sont référencés à une base parallèle au plan de la voie.The reference plane being the rigid chassis of the vehicle whose position in space is defined by three points, all the positioning parameters of all the grinding units are referenced to a base parallel to the plane of the track.
Pour le meulage des ondes courtes, de l'ordre de 3 cm à 30 cm par exemple, les coordonnées (φ, X, Y) étant définies et l'unité de meulage positionnée en conséquence, le vérin 15, 16 commandé par la servo-valve 28 associée à la boucle de régulation constituée par le convertisseur I/P, et le microprocesseur 31 permet un meulage à puissance constante.For short wave grinding, on the order of 3 cm to 30 cm for example, the coordinates (φ, X, Y) being defined and the grinding unit positioned accordingly, the
Pour le meulage des ondes longues, supérieures à 30 cm et pouvant aller jusqu'à plusieurs mètres, il faut absolument ne meuler que les crêtes et éviter de meuler les ventres des ondes.For grinding long waves, greater than 30 cm and can go up to several meters, it is absolutely necessary to grind only the ridges and avoid grinding the bellies of the waves.
Pour simplifier l'explication, en référence à la figure 6, toutes les unités 91 à 94 et 111 à 114 d'une même file de rails sont supposées être disposées dans un plan vertical passant par axe du rail. Leurs coordonnées sont φ = 0; x = 0; Y = Yo.To simplify the explanation, with reference to FIG. 6, all the
Les cotes Vi représentatives de (Yi + Ui) désignent les distances des faces de travail Ti des meules par rapport au plan de référence défini par le châssis 1 du véhicule.The dimensions Vi representative of (Yi + Ui) designate the distances from the working faces Ti of the grinding wheels relative to the reference plane defined by the
La meule 113 la plus élevée définit la limite supérieure de meulage, le seuil S définit la limite inférieure au-dessous de laquelle on a décidé de ne plus meuler le rail. Cette limite supérieure Vi et ce seuil S définissent le couloir dans lequel toutes les unités de meulage sont autorisées à se déplacer pour rectifier le rail. Le microprocesseur 31 pilotant la servo-valve 28 en tenant compte de la valeur du seuil S les unités ne peuvent descendre au-dessous de la limite inférieure définie et seules les crêtes des ondulations sont meulées.The
Les unités de chacune des files étant indépendantes, il est possible de meuler une file avec un certain seuil et l'autre avec un autre seuil ou avec le même seuil suivant le cas d'espèce.The units of each queue being independent, it is possible to grind one queue with a certain threshold and the other with another threshold or with the same threshold depending on the case.
On a ainsi réalisé un dispositif de reprofilage d'au moins un champignon d'une file de rails d'une voie ferrée qui commande automatiquement le positionnement de chacune des unités de meulage par rapport à une base de référence parallèle au plan de la voie et qui commande également entièrement automatiquement la pression de meulage et le cas échéant la profondeur de meulage maximum afin d'éviter de meuler les creux des ondes longues.A device for reprofiling at least one head of a line of rails of a railway track has thus been produced which automatically controls the positioning of each of the grinding units relative to a reference base parallel to the plane of the track and which also fully automatically controls the grinding pressure and if necessary the maximum grinding depth in order to avoid grinding the hollows of long waves.
Lorsqu'on utilise des unités de meulage comportant deux ou plusieurs meules entraînées par un même moteur il est évident que le remplacement d'une meule par une autre s'effectue également automatiquement par pivotement de l'unité de meulage.When using grinding units comprising two or more grinding wheels driven by the same motor, it is obvious that the replacement of one grinding wheel by another is also carried out automatically by pivoting the grinding unit.
Dans une variante illustrée à la figure 11, les moyens de déplacement en hauteur et de translation de l'axe de pivotement x-x des unités de meulage sont réalisés différemment. L'unité de meulage avec ses moyens de déplacement de la meule actionnée par le vérin 15, 16 et la table tournante actionnée par son moteur 24 est montée coulissante le long d'un bras 34 pivoté en 35 sur le chassis 1. Un moteur 36 permet de faire varier la distance R séparant l'axe de pivotement x-x de l'unité de meulage de l'axe 35 de pivotement du bras. Un autre moteur 37 permet de positionner angulairement ce bras 34 suivant un angle ϑ par rapport au chassis, et donc au plan de référence. Dans une telle réalisation le microprocesseur 27 du dispositif de commande calculerait des signaux correspondant à angle ϑ et à la distance R à la place des coordonnées X, Y comme précédemment.In a variant illustrated in FIG. 11, the means of displacement in height and of translation of the pivot axis xx of the grinding units are produced differently. The grinding unit with its means for moving the grinding wheel actuated by the
On voit que ce dispositif de reprofilage peut être équipé de n'importe quel type de meules ou même de plusieurs types de meules différents, lapidaires, coniques, périphériques et de n'importe quel diamètre.It is seen that this reprofiling device can be equipped with any type of grinding wheel or even with several different types of grinding wheel, lapidary, conical, peripheral and of any diameter.
Les véhicules peuvent être tractés ou automoteurs. Le fait de prévoir des véhicules articulés les uns aux autres permet de diminuer la flèche dans les courbes. Enfin le vide sous les véhicules est entièrement libre pour recevoir les unités de meulage puisqu'il n'est plus besoin de chariot de guidage pour celles-ci. Pour améliorer le guidage latéral pendant le meulage, les véhicules peuvent être équipés de galets de guidage latéral entrant en contact avec les faces internes des rails.Vehicles can be towed or self-propelled. The fact of providing vehicles articulated to each other makes it possible to reduce the deflection in the curves. Finally, the vacuum under the vehicles is entirely free to receive the grinding units since there is no longer any need for a guide carriage for these. To improve lateral guidance during grinding, vehicles can be fitted with lateral guide rollers coming into contact with the internal faces of the rails.
Les relations définissant la conjugaison des mouvements X.Y et φ ou R, ϑ et φ sont mémorisés dans le microprocesseur 31 du dispositif de commande. Ces relations peuvent également tenir compte du type de rail à reprofiler si nécessaire.The relations defining the conjugation of the movements X.Y and φ or R, ϑ and φ are memorized in the
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AT89101522T ATE70101T1 (en) | 1988-03-04 | 1989-01-30 | DEVICE FOR REPROFILING A TRACK. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CH817/88 | 1988-03-04 | ||
CH817/88A CH675440A5 (en) | 1988-03-04 | 1988-03-04 |
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EP0330842A1 EP0330842A1 (en) | 1989-09-06 |
EP0330842B1 true EP0330842B1 (en) | 1991-12-04 |
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EP89101522A Expired - Lifetime EP0330842B1 (en) | 1988-03-04 | 1989-01-30 | Apparatus for reprofiling a railway |
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US (1) | US4920701A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0330842B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH01312101A (en) |
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ES (1) | ES2010165T3 (en) |
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ZA (1) | ZA891102B (en) |
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CH680672A5 (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1992-10-15 | Speno International | |
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CN110258212B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2024-06-11 | 苏州睿友智能装备有限公司 | Roboticized rail grinding device |
CN111254768A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-06-09 | 济南豪特创新管理咨询合伙企业(有限合伙) | Ultrasonic metal surface treatment method for steel rail welding joint |
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1988
- 1988-03-04 CH CH817/88A patent/CH675440A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1989
- 1989-01-30 EP EP89101522A patent/EP0330842B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-30 AT AT89101522T patent/ATE70101T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-01-30 DE DE198989101522T patent/DE330842T1/en active Pending
- 1989-01-30 GR GR89300181T patent/GR890300181T1/en unknown
- 1989-01-30 ES ES198989101522T patent/ES2010165T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-30 DE DE8989101522T patent/DE68900484D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-31 US US07/304,193 patent/US4920701A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-09 JP JP1028808A patent/JPH01312101A/en active Pending
- 1989-02-13 ZA ZA891102A patent/ZA891102B/en unknown
- 1989-02-20 CA CA000591534A patent/CA1302710C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-03 AU AU30930/89A patent/AU609947B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1302710C (en) | 1992-06-09 |
DE330842T1 (en) | 1989-12-28 |
CH675440A5 (en) | 1990-09-28 |
DE68900484D1 (en) | 1992-01-16 |
GR890300181T1 (en) | 1989-06-22 |
EP0330842A1 (en) | 1989-09-06 |
AU609947B2 (en) | 1991-05-09 |
US4920701A (en) | 1990-05-01 |
ES2010165T3 (en) | 1992-06-16 |
ES2010165A4 (en) | 1989-11-01 |
ZA891102B (en) | 1989-10-25 |
JPH01312101A (en) | 1989-12-15 |
ATE70101T1 (en) | 1991-12-15 |
AU3093089A (en) | 1989-09-07 |
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