FR2482891A1 - ELECTROMECHANICAL INTERNAL MACHINE FOR GRINDING WITH A SINGLE WORKING HEAD AND COMPRISING A GRINDING SPINDLE DIRECTLY ON THE TRANSVERSE CARRIAGE - Google Patents

Abstract

DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE MOVEMENTS OF ONE OR MORE TROLLEYS ON A SINGLE PART HOLDER GRINDING MACHINE INCLUDING A PROGRAMMABLE CONTROL UNIT CONNECTED TO AN ANALOGUE DIGITAL CONVERTER WHICH IN TURN CONTROLS A DRIVE MOTOR DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO A SCREW. OPERATION OF THE TROLLEY. THE PRECISE POSITIONING OF THE CONTROL DEVICE IS RELATED TO THE ELECTRONIC CONTROL AND TO THE STABILITY OF THE MACHINE.

Description

248289t

  The present invention relates generally

  rale to the technique of grinding machines and it relates, more particularly, to an internal grinding machine of the electromechanical type. In particular, the invention relates to an internal grinding machine of the electromechanical type.

a single post with a furniture spindle

lage on a transverse carriage, all movements of the

  grinding spindle being ordered grazes electronically.

It is known in the field of grinding machines to use digital electronic controls to adjust a parameter or a movement along an axis. The

  digital electronic controls, using the an-

, operate through a lever arm to obtain positioning accuracy and others

  tolerances essential in a grinding operation.

  Digital electronics is a very crude technique and it is the lever which ensures the uniformity and the precision of the adjustments in the prior art of the stipulated type. It is also known in the field of grinding machines that it is possible to adjust a second movement along another axis using cam mechanisms or by other mechanical means. In prior art grinding machines, digital electronics do not

  controls that part of the movements of the machine

  1st and in no case 100% of these movements. For example, digital electronics control, in known machines, only the portion or the grinding movements such as, for example, when the grinding wheel is brought into contact with the workpiece. Grinding machines according to the prior art have also used various means to control the movements of the machine, such as for example hydraulic cylinders, mechanical physical stops and adjustable stops to ensure the position of the various

components of the grinding machine. As examples of machi-

  Grinding machines of the prior art, we can mention the machines sold by Bryant Grinder Corporation 257 Clinton Street, Springfield Vermont and described in US patents 3,932,960, 3,958,370, 4,023,310, 4,058,934 and

4,125,967.

  The invention relates to an apparatus for controlling a

grinding machine. The control unit includes a device

digital electronic control board used to adjust% of the movements of a grinding machine and screw actuation means for transmitting commands from the digital electronic device to the stroke of the carriage

  being part of the grinding machine. The com-

  Mande according to the invention is capable of ensuring the conditions

variable complete options for grinding with a cross slide

sal and advancement, as well as the conditions of grinding

by longitudinal carriage and advancement of this carriage.

The electronic control device is capable of ensuring variable speeds of the reciprocating movement during each stroke of the wheel carriage or of the carriage fitted with the work head. The control device according to the invention controls the length of the stroke, the position

  of the stroke, the speed of the reciprocating movement and the

  variable tresses of alternative movements during each race. Variations in each of these parameters can

-be programmed on a well-defined basis. More precise-

You can program a first series of operating conditions for rough grinding, a second series of operating conditions for finishing grinding and a

  third set of operating conditions during extinction

  tion. You can also program these operating conditions.

  res to make them infinitely variable during a complete grinding cycle and they can also be considered as individual variables to obtain their individual effect or their combined effects. By varying the different parameters during a grinding cycle, it is possible to achieve conditions for maximum removal of the metal during a portion of the cycle, while preserving a particularly advantageous combination of parameters to optimize the geometry. and quality in another part of the cycle. The control device according to: 3

  the invention can also regulate the dressing, the compensation

  dressing, the part of the reciprocating movement

of the grinding cycle, correction of dimensions, grinding

  simultaneous or independent movement of two carts.

  china to grind, different modes of grinding and

very factors.

  According to one embodiment, the invention is described as being applied to an internal grinding machine, to a station, with electromechanical control and comprising a grinding spindle on a transverse carriage. The grinding machine

  includes a base on which is mounted a head

  work intended to carry a work. A composite carriage is mounted on one end of the base of the machine in an active position adjacent to the work carrier head and it comprises a longitudinal carriage on which is mounted a transverse carriage carrying the spindle

of the internal grinding wheel.

  The longitudinal and transverse carriages are

each dragged by a connected drive motor

  directly to the respective carriages using a screw actuation means, such as for example a ball screw (s), an Acme screw or another means. An adjustment device

  programmable is programmed with all the necessary information

  saire relating to the machine and with the functions of the machine so that all movements along the axes of the longitudinal carriage and the transverse carriage are under control. and these are in operating linkage with a

  separate drive servomechanism for each of the mo-

training teachers. Each drive motor is equipped with a tachometer and a separator or encoder or even an "Inductosyn" transducer, for adjusting the movement and

the control signals respectively.

  The precision of the grinding operation carried out by the machine equipped with a control device according to the invention is regulated by a digital electronic assembly controlling a centering motor which controls a screw actuation means acting directly on the carts. No mechanical or hydraulic linkage or gear system is used as required in digital control systems

  according to the prior art. The precision of the positioning

ment comes from the precision of the control system

  the electronic assembly and the stability of the machine.

In an embodiment representative of the ma-

china to grind, a work head rotates a workpiece while a wheel carried by a carriage reciprocates at one end of the

machine for grinding a longitudinal bore in the part.

  Various other features of the invention

  moreover emerge from the detailed description which follows.

Embodiments of the subject of the invention are shown, by way of nonlimiting examples, in

attached drawings.

  Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment in which the control device according to the invention is

used in an internal grinding machine of the electro- type

mechanical at one station and carrying a grinding spindle

on a cross slide.

  Fig. 2 is an enlarged plan view of a longitudinal carriage used in the grinding machine

according to fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an exploded longitudinal section of a transverse carriage used in the grinding machine according to FIG. 1, this section being taken substantially by the line

  3-3 of fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

  - Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the structure shown in FIG. 3, taken substantially by line 4-4 of the latter and looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 5 is an end view on the right of the structure shown in FIG. 3, taken by line 5-5

  of the latter and looking in the direction of the arrows.

-2482891

  Fig. 6 is an end view on the left of the structure shown in FIG. 3 taken along line 6-6 of the latter and looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 7 is a partial view in elevation of the structure shown in FIG. 3, taken along line 7-7 of the latter and looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 8 is a partial sectional elevation of the structure shown in FIG. 3 taken along line 8-8 of the latter and looking in the direction

arrows.

Fig. 9 is a block diagram of the control apparatus produced according to the concepts of the invention and shown as being applied to the grinding machine

illustrated in fig. 1.

  Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a sequence of grinding operations which can be carried out on a workpiece in a single workpiece head, using a single grinding wheel, using the grinding machine shown in

  fig. 1 to 8 and the control unit according to fig. 9.

  Fig. It is a schematic view of several ope-

  grinding rations that can be run simultaneously at

  using the machine having only one head

book and presenting the fundamental structure which appears

  rait in fig. 1 to 8 as well as a control device according to

  fig. 9, together with supporting trolley structures

  additional. Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a grinding machine with a single work-holding head, produced according to the

  concepts of the invention, in which the longitu-

  dinal carries a transverse carriage on which a grinding wheel

  is mounted in the operating position so that

put a bore grinding, while a second carriage is mounted in the active position on the longitudinal carriage to

  perform a grinding operation on the face.

  Fig. 13 shows another embodiment

24828M1

  of a grinding machine with a single work-holding head

  seed according to the concepts of the invention and comprising the structures of the longitudinal and traneversal carriages, according to FIG. the assembly with a longitudinal carriage arranged angularly and carrying a grinding wheel to perform simultaneously

a grinding of the face.

  Fig. 14 shows another embodiment of a grinding machine with a single work-holding head according to the concepts of the invention and comprising the machine structure appearing in FIG. 13, the angular longitudinal carriage being mounted in the working position on a transverse carriage. Fig. 15 shows another embodiment

of a grinding machine with a single work-holding head

seed according to the concepts of the invention and comprising the longitudinal and transverse carriages that we see in fig. 1, as well as a second grinding wheel mounted on the transverse carriage to successively carry out an operation of

face grinding.

  Fig. 16 shows another embodiment

of a grinding machine with a single work-holding head

  seed according to the concepts of the invention and comprising the longitudinal and transverse carriages according to FIG. 1 as well

  than a transverse carriage which carries a single head

work.

  Fig. 17 shows another embodiment of a grinding machine with a single work-holding head produced

  according to the concepts of the invention, in which the structure

ture shown in fig. 1 is reversed, that is to say that the grinding wheel is fixed on the base of the machine while the work-holding head is mounted on a transverse carriage

  itself mounted on the longitudinal carriage.

Fig. 18 shows another embodiment of a grinding machine with a single work-holding head produced according to the concepts of the invention, in which a single grinding wheel is mounted on a longitudinal carriage while the

  single work head is mounted on a trolley

paid. Fig. 19 shows another embodiment

of the grinding machine with a single work-holding head

  seed according to the concepts of the invention and showing an inverted structure with respect to that of FIG. 18,

  that is to say in which the grinding wheel is mounted on a chain

  transverse riot and the work head is mounted on a

longitudinal carriage.

Referring first to FIG. 1, a

internal single-point grinding with electromechanical control

  nique is designated by the assembly reference 10, this machine comprising a grinding spindle on a transverse carriage, the assembly being produced according to the concepts of the present invention. Machine 10 includes a base

classic 11 on which is mounted in the operating position-

  a conventional work-carrying head 13. In the operating position on the right end of the base 11, in

  observing fig. 1, is mounted a combined set of cha-

  riots which includes a longitudinal carriage 15 on which

  is mounted in the operating position a trolley

versal 16.

  The head 13 can be of a conventional structure suitable for

  any required and it includes a set of mandrel

22 used to carry a workpiece or work. The whole

  ble mandrel can be of the type without tips and can be rotated by a motor 13, this mandrel being in

  link with a pulley assembly shown diagrammatically

only by reference 23.

  As can be seen in fig. 1, a grinding wheel 29 for grinding the bores is mounted in the active position on all of the carriages at the right-hand end of the machine 10 and comprising the longitudinal carriage 15 and the transverse carriage 16. It is obvious that the device according to the invention can control any combination of movements of the grinding wheel on the combined assembly

of carts.

  Fig. 2 represents the structural layout

  of the longitudinal carriage 15. The reference 34 desi-

  creates a classic cart base that is all in one piece

with the machine base Il.

  A conventional carriage 35 is slidably mounted on the base 34. The carriage 35 is mounted on the base 34 by

  through two conventional 36 ball side slides

  which are spaced apart and which are firmly fixed to the base 34 of the carriage in the same way as that which will be described later with regard to the ball bearing slides serving the

transverse carriage 16, but ball bearing slides

born last are attached to a separate base of the cart. The slides 36 are provided at each end with stop plates 38 which are fixed to the slides 36 by suitable mechanical screws 39. The carriage 35 is mounted

  sliding on the backstage 36 by means of man-

ball chins 37 of a conventional type which bear bil-

  them in a usual way in order to support in rolling the carriage 35 on the slides 36. Although in this mode of

  realization we use a ball bearing for the cha-

  riot longitudinal 15, it is obvious that one could use

  be any suitable type of runners, for example roller runners, hydrostatic runners,

  hydrodynamic or similar slides.

  The carriage 35 is moved on the slides 36 using a conventional ball screw, an Acme screw or a

other type of screw 40, one end of which is rotatably mounted

tion in a suitable bearing mounted in a block 41. As

  it can be seen in fig. 2, block 41 is fixed in posi-

  immutable on the base 34 of the trolley by appropriate means

  any required, for example by mechanical screws 42. The carriage 35 is brought into working connection with the ball screw, the Acme screw or another screw 40 by a threaded nut 44 secured to the carriage 35 by any suitable means, example by mechanical screws 45. The other end of the ball screw, the Acme screw or another screw 40 is rotatably supported by a suitable bearing mounted in a block 43 forming a whole with a housing 46 of coupling which is also in one piece with a motor mounting plate 50. The plate 50 is fixed from

  immutable at the base 34 of the carriage by appropriate means

  required, for example by mechanical screws 51. The motor mounting plate 50 supports in the position of

  operation an electric drive motor rever-

  sible 47 on which is mounted a conventional tachometer 48 and also a conventional separation, coding device

  or an "Inductosyn" (registered trademark) transducer 49.

  Figs. 3 to 8 represent the structured layout

general direction of the transverse carriage 16. As can be seen more clearly in FIG. 3, the reference 54 designates a conventional base of the transverse carriage which is fixed to the base 34 of the longitudinal carriage by any suitable means, for example by mechanical screws 55. On the base 54 of the transverse carriage is slidably mounted a transverse carriage conventional 56. This carriage 56 is mounted in a sliding position on the base 54 using two conventional laterally spaced ball slides and

  comprising two parallel slides 57 (fig. 4) each of which

one is mounted on a support rail 58. Although in the example shown a ball bearing is used for the transverse carriage 16 (see fig. 1), it is obvious

that we could use backstage of any model

  that, for example roller tracks, hy-

  drostatic, hydrodynamic backstage or the like.

The slides 57 and the support rails 58 are permanently fixed to the base 54 of the transverse carriage by a series of suitable mechanical screws 59 (fig. 4). Behind the scenes

57 are fitted with fixed stop plates 60 at each end

moth. The carriage 56 is slidably mounted on the slides 57 by means of conventional ball sleeves 61 (FIG. 4) which carry balls in the usual way in order to

  to support the carriage 56 in rotation on the slides 57.

  The transverse carriage 56 moves on the slides

  ses 57 by the action of a classic ball screw, an Acme screw, or another screw 64 having one end mounted in rotation by means of a threaded ball nut 65 (figs. 3 and 7). The threaded nut 65 is securely attached to the cross carriage 56 using a mounting plate

  in one piece 66 and suitable mechanical screws 67.

  The threaded ball nut 65 comprises a lower retaining plate 68 (fig. 7) which is fixed to the transverse carriage

  56 by several suitable mechanical screws 69.

  The other end of the ball screw 64 is supported

  rotated by appropriate bearings 70 which are spaced apart by a dientotoisement member 78. The bearings 70

  and the bracing member 78 are mounted in a box

  tier 71 of the bearings (fig. 3) which is in one piece with a coupling boot 72, the latter also being

in one piece with a motor mounting plate 73.

Mounting plate 73 is securely attached to base 54

of the transverse carriage by any suitable means

  ques, for example by suitable mechanical screws 74 (fig. 4). Suitable shock absorbers 75 at the rear of the transverse carriage (figs. 3 and 4) are mounted in fixed positions on the inside of the mounting plate 73 of the engine. Suitable shock absorbers before the carriage 77 are mounted in a fixed position on a plate 76 mounted at

  the front end of the base 54 of the transverse carriage.

  As can be seen in fig. 3, an electric motor

  drive plate of a suitable reversible type 80 is fixed permanently by suitable means, for example by

  mechanical screws 81, to the mounting plate 73 of the engine.

The drive motor 80 is of the same construction as the drive motor 47 of the longitudinal carriage and it carries a conventional tachometer 82 as well as a conventional separation, coding device or even a transducer.

Inductosyn "83.

As can be seen in fig. 3, the output shaft

  86 of motor 80 is directly connected to the adjacent end

  cente 87 of the shaft 64 of the ball screw by a coupling-

  ment suitable bearing the overall reference 88.-In fig. 3, it can be seen that the bearings 70 are held 24828f 1 il in the case 71 by a suitable locking nut 89 at one end of the case 71 and by a retaining plate (fig. 8) at the other end of the case 71 The retaining plate 90 is fixed to the case 71 by suitable mechanical screws 91 (fig. 8). As can be seen in fig. 3,

  the carriage 56 may include suitable plates for

  covering on the top 94 and 95 respectively at the extremi-

  front tee and rear end. In fig. 4 we see that

  the carriage 56 may also include retaining plates

  side cover 96. In fig. 1 it can be seen that a conventional grinding spindle 97 is mounted in the operating position on the transverse carriage 56 and it carries the grinding wheel 29 for grinding the bores. The spindle 97 of the grinding wheel is driven by a suitable electric motor 98 which is

  also mounted on the transverse carriage 56.

Fig. 9 is a block diagram of the control apparatus according to the concepts of the invention and which is used to adjust the grinding machine at a single station 10 according to

  the embodiment which has just been described.

In fig. 9, reference 118 generally designates a separate conventional programmable regulator which

  is programmed to adjust all machine functions-

  and interlocks. Among these functions,

  to mention the state of lubrication, the interlocked

safety gages, charger position, condition and function

engines, and information about operations control stations. The programmable controller determines from the machine state the sequence by which the carriages must pass to the next stage. The programmable regulator 118 is in electronic interfacial connection with an appropriate advancement regulator 119 which may be a digital computer of any suitable model. The advance regulator 119 stores the positions and speeds of all the movements of the axes in the various sequences. These sequences can be a dressing cycle, a grinding cycle, a dressing cycle

  of a new grinding wheel and so on. The order before-

  cement gives signals to the drive means 120 and 121 and the latter control the servomotors 80 and 47

respectively. The drive means 120 and 121 receive

wind the reaction of tachometers 82 and 48 respectively.

The references 83 and 49 designate separators, encoders or transducers "INDUCTOSYN" (registered trademark)

and they provide feedback signals to the means of

  traction 120 and 121, respectively.

An appropriate programmable regulator can be used

  required any 118, such as the Bryant series device sold by Gateway's Westinghouse Electric Corporation

  Center, Pittsburgh Pen. A suitable regulator in advance-

  ment 119 is for example the device sold by Intel. Corpo-

  ration of Santa Clara, California under the registered trademark e INTEL ", in the form of a single panel computer / 05. The drive means 120 and 121 can be suitable drive servo mechanisms, for example servo mechanisms of the type sold by Hyper Loup, Inc. of Bridgewiew, Illinois, under the trademark "HYAMP '."

  "HYAMP" servomechanism is a bidirec- SCR servomechanism

tional, single-phase four-wave for neck motors

  continuous rant and produces direct current drive energy for precise speed adjustment and regulation over an extended range of speeds. A

other servo drive is sold under the brand

  that filed "Size 50" by General Electric Company,

Charlottsville Virginia.

The drive motors 47 and 80 can be

  DC servo motors of any suitable type

  than. DC servo motors of this type are sold by Torque Systems Incorporated, Waltham, Mass. under the registered trademark "SNAPPER", 'and are characterized by chassis dimensions 3435 and 5115. A more powerful engine of this nature is also manufactured by H.K. Porter Co.

Pittsburgh Pens.

  Tachometers 48 and 82 are part of the DC servo motors. INDUCTOSYN "49 and 83 separators, encoders or transducers are conventional items and can be any conventional reaction devices available on the market. These separators are sold by Clifton Precision Company of Clifton Heights, Pennsylvania. precision transducers

  "INDUCTOSYN" for linear and rotational positions

  tives are sold by Farrand Controls, which is a branch

  che of Parrand Industries, Inc. of Valhalla, New York. A suitable optical angle encoder is the DRC-35 apparatus sold by Dynamics Research Corporation Wilmington, Maryland. In operation the grinding wheel 29 rotates normally at a speed of 30,000 to 40,000 revolutions / minute but it is possible to

  reach a speed of 150,000 rpm. In suppo-

  As long as the operator has activated the necessary commands provided for the position he occupies, the programmable controller

118 assumes the direction and control of all functions

  programmable machine controls. The longitudinal carriage

  transmits to the rotary grinding wheel 29 a movement sequence

  such as forward transverse movement, slow forward movement, reciprocating movement

high speed and backward movement or withdrawal.

  The transverse carriage 16 transmits to the grinding wheel 29

positioning and compensation movements to compensate for the wear of the grinding wheel when grinding each part. The control device according to the invention is of such precision that compensation movements of the order of 0.25 microns can be carried out, which makes it possible to maintain an extremely high precision of the order of

+ 0.25 micron.

  After the scheduled grinding operations which have

  been executed by grinding wheel 29, this grinding wheel undergoes a movement

* removal and the finished part is removed duiporte- work 13 which receives after that a new workpiece.

  The grinding machine 10 can be fitted with an appropriate device.

  required for loading and unloading of parts, equipment

  gauge reil and so on. It will be noted that each axis of the machine 10 can operate independently of the other axis to perform its programmed work. The axes are coordinated when necessary to ensure good work. For example, when grinding a bore, the longitudinal carriage must be in position and must be

  kill a reciprocating motion before the carriage crosses

  sal can start the grinding operation.

As mentioned, the motor 47 moves the longitudinal carriage 15 and the grinding wheel 29 to execute a sequence of movements comprising a rapid transverse movement forward to bring the grinding wheel 29 to a point adjacent to the workpiece, then a slow advancement of the grinding wheel 29

to a position inside the workpiece.

After that, the motor 47 drives the longitudinal carriage and the grinding wheel 29 in a rapid axial reciprocating motion to perform the grinding part of the cycle in a bore

  of a workpiece. The motor 80 moves the trolley

  versal 56 so as to bring the grinding wheel 29 into engagement with

  the bore of the part to perform a final grinding.

The axial reciprocating movement of the grinding wheel 29 is carried out by the screw 40 and the motor 47 under control of the regulator.

  119 as part of the control circuit

  falling in fig. 9. The physical movement or the reciprocating movement is carried out by the motor 47. The logistics for moving the motor 47 comes from the information provided.

  by the advancement regulator 119 which is transmitted to the

  drive mechanism 121 to inform it of the speed at which the motor 47 must be moved. The reaction information returns to the drive mechanism 121 and indicates

  to the computer the distance by which the grinding wheel 29 must be moved

  cée, this computer retaining in memory the information concerning the distance that the grinding wheel 29 must travel according to the programming introduced. After the high-speed reciprocating movement, which is also part of the grinding cycle, according to the programming of the machine, the motors and 47 are then controlled to spread the grinding wheel 29

to an inactive position.

  It can be seen that the invention provides means for

slip the axial reciprocating part of a cycle of

  grinding with the same motor 47 and the same action organ-

  screw 40 which is used for the other movements of the longitudinal carriage along its axis. It will be noted that the invention also provides for a grinding machine means for compensating for the position of the grinding wheel 29, after its dressing, using the same screw actuation member 64 and the same motor 80 as those used to make other movements of the carriage 56 along the same axis. The invention also provides dimensional corrections concerning the position of the grinding wheel 29 using the same screw actuation member and the

same motor as those used for other movements

  lies both along the transverse axis and along the lateral axis.

  We see that if the engines 47 and 80 fitted with controls

  suitable ones can grind a bore using the

  side of grinding wheel 29, the roles of the motors for

should be reversed to allow reciprocating movement with motor 80 and compensation for grinding wheel wear

  as well as the dimensional correction using the motor 47.

Under these conditions the face of a piece to be ground will be by the end of the grinding wheel 29. It is also understood that several bores and several faces can be ground on the same piece thanks to an appropriate coordination of the

  movements of the two motors 47 and 80. -

  We see that in the same way that the motors 47 and 80 with appropriate settings can grind a bore using the side of the grinding wheel 29, they can also grind an external face concentric with the bore using the same controls but by offset the positions of a

fixed distance.

  Fig. 10 schematically represents a sequence of grinding operations which can be carried out on a workpiece

  using a machine with a single head

  work and a single rotary grinding wheel, using the machine

  shown in fig. 1 to 8 and whose order is assured

rée by the device shown in fig. 9. In fig. 10 the book carrier 22 holds in position a workpiece bearing the reference 99. The rotary grinding wheel 29 performs a grinding operation in the bore on the part 99. The

  reference 29 'indicates the grinding wheel 29 in a different position

  operating rent allowing grinding of one face on the workpiece 99. The reference 29 "indicates the grinding wheel 29 in another working position allowing the

  external or peripheral grinding on part 99. Natural-

  ment the three operations (grinding of the bore, grinding of a face and peripheral grinding), which are represented in fig. They must be executed successively by the control means appearing in FIG. 9, following a

desired programmed sequence.

  Fig. It schematically represents several operations

  grinding rations that can be performed simultaneously with

using a single head grinding machine

  work, having the general structure shown in figs. there 8 and control means appearing in FIG. 9,

  together with an additional structure of trolleys.

  In fig. It the reference 125 designates the base of the grinding machine on which is mounted in operation the only

  work holder head 126. Head 126 is provided with a holder

  suitable work which supports a workpiece 127

  driven in rotation by the head 126. The part 127 pre-

  has a bore 128, a transverse end face 129 and a converging shoulder face 130. The machine

  grind appearing in fig. 11 can perform simultaneous-

a grinding operation in bore 128, a

lage of the end face 129 and a grinding of the face 130

of the inclined shoulder.

The grinding machine shown in fig. It com-

  takes a combined set of carts including a cart

longitudinal 124 and a transverse carriage 131. The cha-

riots 124 and 131 correspond to the longitudinal and transverse carriages 16, respectively, of the embodiment of FIG. 1. A rotary grinding wheel head 132 is mounted in operation on the transverse carriage 131 and it is provided with a grinding wheel 133 to perform a grinding of bore in the bore 123 of the part 127. A suitable console 134 is fixed to remains by any suitable means on one side of the longitudinal carriage 124 and carries a second longitudinal carriage 135 which is disposed on a

  other axis parallel to the axis of the first longitudi-

nal 124. The second longitudinal carriage 135 carries a rotary grinding wheel head 136 provided with a rotary grinding wheel 137 which simultaneously performs the grinding of the end face 129

of the work while grinding the bore

  killed by rotary grinding wheel 133 in bore 128.

The first longitudinal carriage 124 also carries

  on its other side a suitable console 138 intended for-

support a third longitudinal carriage 139 in position

  angular tion. On the carriage 139, a drive motor

appropriately 140 is functionally and

  takes an output shaft 141 on which is mounted a

drive pulley 142.

  The drive pulley 142 drives a belt 143 mounted around a driven pulley 144 carried on a shaft 145 of the spindle 146 of the grinding wheel. The spindle 146 of the grinding wheel carries on a functional mode a rotary grinding wheel 147 having an inclined periphery which is complementary

  to the angular shoulder face 130 on the part 127.

The grinding wheel 147 is adjusted so as to perform the grinding-

  of the face 130 of the angularly inclined shoulder of the part simultaneously with the grinding of the face 129 and the

grinding of the bore 128 of the part.

  A suitable motor 151 for the dressing roller of the grinding wheels with diamond is mounted on the base 125 of the machine and it drives a reduction gear 150 whose output shaft 149 carries a dressing device 148 with a diamond. The angular carriage 139 supports the grinding wheel 147 during a dressing position against the rotary dressing device 148 with diamond as is conventional. It will be understood that the grinding machine shown in FIG. It and comprising two longitudinal carriages 124 and 135 and an angular longitudinal carriage 139 must be controlled by an adjusting device having properties conforming to those of the adjusting installation shown in FIG. 9 in order to ensure the simultaneous grinding operations of the bore and of the two faces of the part,

as explained above.

  Fig. 12 schematically represents a grinding machine with a single work head built according to the

concepts of the invention and including the combined set of each

riots carries a grinding wheel intended to execute a grinding operation of a bore; a second longitudinal carriage

  is in the functional position on the first long carriage

  tudinal of the combined assembly to simultaneously perform a grinding operation on one side as well as grinding

  of the bore in question.

  The structure of the machine that lion sees in fig. 12 is the same as that of the machines shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 and we therefore kept the same numbers

  references followed by index I a ".

The rotary grinding wheel 29a is mounted on the transverse carriage 16a and is intended to perform grinding

  bore of a part rotatably mounted on the holder

  work 13a. A rotary grinding wheel 137a performs at the same

  time a grinding operation on one side of the workpiece

tioned. The rotary grinding wheel 137a is mounted on a head 136a which is itself mounted on a longitudinal carriage a, the latter being mounted on a console 134a fixed to the

  longitudinal carriage 15a, the movements of the longitudinal carriage

  tudinal 15a and transverse carriage 16a are controlled by the same adjustment system as that used

  for the embodiment of fig. 1.

  Fig. 13 schematically represents a grinding machine with a single work-holder head, built according to the concepts of the invention and comprising the combined set of carriages that can be seen in FIG. 1, as well as an angular longitudinal carriage 155 carrying a rotary grinding wheel 1.57 to allow the grinding operation of a face of a part. The structure of the machine shown in fig. 13

is the same as in fig. 1 and we therefore kept the same

  my references by adding the index "b" to them. The rotary grinding wheel 29b is intended for grinding a bore

on a workpiece supported by a suitable rotary workpiece

  ble mounted on the head 13b. The longitudinal carriage 155 is

tilted on the left end of the base llb of the ma-

  china and it carries a rotary head 156 which supports and drives the rotary wheel 156. The movements of the carriage

longitudinal 15b and the transverse carriage 16b of the assembly

ble combined with the right end of the base llb of the ma-

  china as well as the angular carriage 155 must be controlled by a control device having the same

principles as that shown in fig. 9.

Fig. 14 schematically represents another embodiment of a grinding machine with a single work-holding head constructed according to the invention and having the structure of the grinding machine identical to that of FIG. 13 but with an additional transverse carriage 158 for carrying the angular carriage appearing in FIG. 13. The structure of the machine shown in fig. 14 is the

same as in fig. 13 and we therefore kept the same numbers

ros of references followed by the index "c". The grinding machine shown in fig. 14 can perform the same operations of grinding the bore and grinding the face

  That the machine according to fig. 13, but with a particular

additional rity concerning the possibility of adjustment

  of the carriage 155c by the transverse carriage 158. The assemblies

  Combined trolleys that are used according to the mode of

  realization of fig. 14 must be ordered by a -

  same adjustment system with the same characteristics

  than that shown in fig. 9.

  Fig. 15 shows another embodiment

  a grinding machine with a single work head,

  trout according to the concepts of the invention and comprising the combined set of trolleys of FIG. 1 so one

second grinding wheel mounted on the transverse carriage of the

  seems to be combined for successive grinding

  bore and face grinding. The structure of the ma-

  china shown in fig. 15 is the same as that of the machines appearing in FIGS. 1 and 12 so that the same references have been kept with the index "d". The

  movements of the longitudinal carriage 15d and of the trans-

  versal 16d are controlled by a control device using the same concepts as that of FIG. 9 to allow adjustment of the positions of the grinding wheels 29d and 137d, in order to successively grind the bore

and face grinding respectively.

  Fig. 16 shows another embodiment

a grinding machine with a single work head consisting of

  trout according to the concepts of the invention and comprising the combined assembly according to FIG. 1 and a cart

transverse bearing a single work-carrying head. The struc-

  ture of the machine shown in fig. 16 is the same as that of the machines of FIGS. 1 and 14, so that the same reference numbers are used followed by the index "e". The machine shown in fig. 16 can carry out the same bore grinding operations as the machine of FIG. 1 but with an additional adjustment for the work head 13e which is carried out on the transverse carriage 158e. The combined structure of carriages in the embodiment of FIG. 14 and the transverse carriage 158e are controlled by a device produced according to the

concepts shown in fig. 9.

Fig. 17 shows another embodiment

  a grinding machine with a single work head consisting of

  trout according to the concepts of the invention in which the structure of FIG. 1 is inverted, so that the head of the grinding wheel 97f is fixed to the base 11f of the machine while the work-holding head 13f is mounted on the transverse carriage 158f of a combined assembly which also includes a longitudinal carriage 159. The structure of the machine in fig. 17 is the same as that of FIGS. 1 and

  16 so that the same reference numbers were kept

  these followed by the index "f". The machine shown in fig. 17 can perform the same bore grinding as the machine of FIG. 1 but with a peculiarity of reverse control concerning the ability to adjust the head

book holder 13f. The combined structure of the trolleys

  both the head 13f according to the embodiment of FIG. 17 must be controlled by a control installation having

the same principles as those of fig. 9. -

  Fig. 18 shows another embodiment

a grinding machine with a single work head,

  trout according to the invention and in which the single grinding wheel head 97 & is mounted on a longitudinal carriage 15F, while the single shoring head 13F is mounted on a transverse carriage 158E. The structure of the machine is the same as that of FIGS. 1 and 16 and we therefore kept

  the same reference numbers followed by the index "g".

  The machine shown in fig. 18 can perform the same bore grinding as the machine according to FIG. 1

  but with an additional possibility of longi-

tudinal of the wheel 19r and transverse adjustment of the head of the work 13F. The longitudinal carriage 15p and the transverse carriage 158F in the embodiment of FIG. 18 are controlled by an adjustment device constructed according to the same concepts as that shown

see fig. 9.

  Fig. 19 shows another embodiment

  a grinding machine with a single work head consisting of

  trout according to the invention and having a structure opposite to that of FIG. 18, that is to say that the grinding wheel head 97h is mounted on a transverse carriage 16h while the

  13 o'clock work head is mounted on a longitu-

  dinal 159h. The structure of the machine shown in fig. 19 is the same as that of the machines according to FIGS.

  1 and 16 and we therefore kept the same reference numbers

  followed by the index "h". The machine shown

in fig. 19 can perform the same grinding of the

  wise that the machine according to fig. 1 but with parts

  additional features of longitudinal adjustment of the

  work head 13h and adjustment in the cross direction

  side of the grinding head 97h. The longitudinal carriage

  159h and the transverse carriage 16h of this embodiment

  tion are controlled by an installation designed according to

  same principles as the control installation in fig. 9.

  In industry, the control layout according to

the invention can regulate all the movements of the two cha-

riots from a combined set of carts from a

  grinding. All movements of the combined set of cha-

  riots can be adjusted simultaneously or independently by the electronic control according to the invention. All functions and positions of the grinding machine

  are regulated by electronic control via

  diary of screw actuation devices.

Claims (33)

  1 - Method of adjusting all the movements of a   carriage on a grinding machine with a uniform work head that, characterized in that it consists of a) programming a programmable regulator with the necessary information concerning the machine and the functions of the machine; b) to introduce separate means for adjusting the advance   on the interfacial mode in the electronic adjustment means tronic; c) to regulate the speed and the direct movements of a carriage interlocking motor with speed adjusting means; and d) to regulate the movements   ment of a carriage by screw actuation means by making a direct connection of these means to the carriage drive motor and to the carriage, so that the movements of this carriage are directly regulated.   2 - Electromechanical control device for adjusting all the movements of at least one carriage on a grinding machine with a single work head, characterized in that it comprises a) a screw actuation means in functional connection with the carriage for move the latter when the screw actuation means is rotated; b) a drive servomotor connected directly to the screw actuation means for rotating the latter; c) electronic advance control means in conjunction with the drive servomotor in order to regulate the speed and the directional movements of the motor; and d) a programmable regulator in interfacial relationship with the advancement control means. -   3 - Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the advancement control means regulate the part of the alternating axial movement of a grinding cycle using a drive servomotor and the means of   screw actuation used to drive the carriage for all necessary movements. 4 - Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the programmable regulator regulates the part of the axial reciprocating movement of the grinding cycle by the 24828 1 servo drive and the screw actuation means used to move the carriage along the same axis. - Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the programmable regulator adjusts the carriage to compensate for the dressings of the grinding wheel using the drive servomotor and the screw actuation means used to move the carriage during other movements. 6 - Device according to claim 2, character-   se in that the programmable regulator controls the adjustment of the carriage for dimensional correction using the drive servomotor and the screw actuation means which is used to move the carriage during the others movements. 7 - Device according to claim 2, character-   in that the drive servomotor comprises a servo-drive means in operating link   with a drive motor fitted with a tachometer. 8 - Device according to claim 7, character- se in that this drive motor is provided with a separating means. 9 - Device according to claim 8, character- se in that the separating means is in functional connection operation with servo drive means. - Device according to claim 7, character- in that the drive motor is provided with an encoder means. 11 - Device according to claim 10, character- in that the encoder means is in operation link with servo drive means.   12 - Device according to claim 7, character-   in that the drive motor is provided with a means linear position transducer. 13 - Device according to claim 12, character-   se in that the linear position transducer means is in operation with the servo drive means. 14 - Device according to claim 7, character-   in that the drive motor is provided with a means rotary position transducer.   15 - Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the rotary position transducer means is in operation link with the servo means of dragging. 16 - Grinding machine comprising a base, a head   book holder, a longitudinal carriage, a trans- versal, and a grinding wheel head provided with a rotating grinding wheel which can come into operation with a work carried by the working head, characterized in that a) the longitudinal and transverse carriages are each connected directly by an actuating means to screw to a servomotor drive means; b) the servomotor drive means for each of the longitudinal and transverse carriages is controlled by an electronic advancement regulator capable of regulating all of the movements of each   longitudinal and transverse carriages; and c) the regulation the electronic advancement tor is itself controlled by a programmable regulator.   17 - Machine according to claim 16, character- that each drive servo means   includes a servo drive means in function link operation with a drive motor equipped with a tacho- metre.   18 - Machine according to claim 17, character- that the drive motor is provided with a means separator.   19 - Machine according to claim 18, character-   sée in that the separating means is in function link--   servo-drive.   - Machine according to claim 17, character- sée in that the drive motor is provided with an encoder means. 21 Machine according to claim 20, characterized in that the encoder means is in operation link   with the servo drive. 22 - Machine according to claim 17, character- sed in that the drive motor is provided with a linear position transducer means.   23 - Machine according to claim 22, character-   in that the linear position transducer means   is in operation link with the servo means of dragging.   24 - Machine according to claim 17, character-   that the drive motor is provided with a means rotary position transducer. - Machine according to claim 24, character-   that the rotary position transducer means   is in operation link with the servo means of dragging.   26 - Machine according to claim 16, character- in that the rotary grinding wheel is arranged so as to   perform grinding on the face of a workpiece. 27 - Machine according to claim 16, character-   sée in that the rotary wheel is designed to perform at least one internal grinding operation in the bores of a part and at least one grinding operation of a face of the same room. 28 - Machine according to claim 16, character-   sée in that the rotary grinding wheel is made so as to grind an external face of a part, the center of rotation of this face being located on the longitudinal axis of the machine. 29 - Machine according to claim 16, characterized in that the rotary grinding wheel is intended to grind several   faces on a workpiece, in any combination   with an internal bore, the internal faces and the faces   concentric with the bore. 30 - Machine according to claim 16, characterized in that the rotary wheel is mounted on a combined set of carriages comprising said longitudinal carriages   and transverse and it can perform an inter-   no grinding in a longitudinal bore of a part to machine.   31 - Machine according to claim 30, characterized in that the rotary wheel is mounted on the carriage transverse of the combined assembly. 32 - Machine according to claim 31, characterized in that the work-carrying head is mounted in a non- mobile on the base of the grinding machine.   33 - Machine according to claim 31, characterized in that the work-carrying head is movably mounted on the base of the grinding machine. 34 - Machine according to claim 33, characterized in that the work holder head is mounted on a transverse carriage whose movements are regulated by control means of the same type as those used for the   transverse carriage mentioned first.   - Machine according to claim 32, characterized in that a) the rotary wheel is mounted on the transverse carriage of the combined set of carriages and this   grinding wheel is intended to perform an internal grinding operation thread in the bore of a part; and b) a second wheel   is mounted on the transverse carriage of the assembly ble combined with carriages and this wheel is designed to perform grinding on one side of the workpiece in sequence with the last mentioned internal grinding.   36 - Machine according to claim 32, characterized   in that a) said rotary wheel is mounted on the chain transverse riot of the combined set of carriages and is designed to perform internal grinding in the bore of a part; b) a second longitudinal carriage is mounted on the first mentioned longitudinal carriage of the combined set of carriages; and c) a second rotary grinding wheel is mounted in operation on the second longitudinal carriage and is designed to perform grinding on one face of the workpiece simultaneously with the grinding internal mentioned last.   37 - Machine according to claim 36, characterized in that a) an inclined longitudinal carriage is mounted on   the longitudinal carriage mentioned first in the   seems combined with carts; and b) a third ro- tative is mounted on the inclined longitudinal carriage and   she is being studied to perform another furniture operation   threading of one side of the workpiece simultaneously with the last mentioned internal grinding and face grinding mentioned first.   38 - Machine according to claim 32, characterized in that a) the rotary wheel is mounted on the carriage   transverse of the combined set of carriages - and is des-   keen to perform internal grinding in the bore of a part; b) an inclined longitudinal carriage is mounted on the base of the machine; and c) a second rotary wheel is mounted on the inclined longitudinal carriage and is intended born to perform a grinding operation on one side of the workpiece in a predetermined relationship with the operation   internal grinding mentioned last.   39 - Machine according to claim 32, characterized in that a) the rotary wheel is mounted on the carriage   transverse of the combined set of carriages and is des- -   keen to perform internal grinding in the bore of a part; b) a second transverse carriage is mounted on the base of the machine; an inclined longitudinal carriage is mounted on the second transverse carriage; 'and d) one second   rotary wheel is mounted on this longitudinal carriage in--   cliné-et is intended to perform a grinding operation on one side of the workpiece in a predetermined relationship with the internal grinding operation mentioned last. - Machine according to claim 16, characterized   in that a) the work head is mounted on a seems combined with carriages comprising said longitudinal and transverse carriages; and b) the grinding wheel is mounted   not movable on the base of the machine.   41 - Machine according to claim 40, characterized in that the work-carrying head is mounted on the carriage transverse of the combined set of carriages. 42 - Machine according to claim 16, characterized in that a) the work-holding head is mounted on the chain   riot transverse and b) the grinding wheel is mounted on the longitudinal carriage. 43 - Machine according to claim 16, characterized   in that a) the work-holding head is mounted on the cha- riot longitudinal and b) the grinding wheel is mounted on the carriage transverse.