EP0321880A2 - Procédé et appareil pour le forgeage de roues dentées - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour le forgeage de roues dentées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0321880A2
EP0321880A2 EP88121100A EP88121100A EP0321880A2 EP 0321880 A2 EP0321880 A2 EP 0321880A2 EP 88121100 A EP88121100 A EP 88121100A EP 88121100 A EP88121100 A EP 88121100A EP 0321880 A2 EP0321880 A2 EP 0321880A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
press
ram
rams
blank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88121100A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0321880A3 (fr
Inventor
Eckart Prof. Dr. Ing. Doege
B. Dipl.-Ing. Adams
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Doege Eckart Prof Dr-Ing
Original Assignee
Doege Eckart Prof Dr-Ing
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Doege Eckart Prof Dr-Ing filed Critical Doege Eckart Prof Dr-Ing
Publication of EP0321880A2 publication Critical patent/EP0321880A2/fr
Publication of EP0321880A3 publication Critical patent/EP0321880A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth

Definitions

  • the invention a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus for performing the method.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a method of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that gearwheels with uniform filling can be produced in a single operation down to the axial end regions of the toothing.
  • two rams are inserted into the die from opposite sides, but one of the rams is supported in a stationary manner and only the other ram is moved.
  • the invention is based on the idea that the Deformation of a blank into a finished gear requires a very fast movement of the press rams if the tooth engraving is to be filled evenly. Such a rapid movement can only be carried out with a press which has a single moving ram, for example with a fast screw press.
  • the speed of the movable press ram should be at least about 500 mm / s. This stamp speed naturally depends on the size and geometry of the gear to be manufactured.
  • a coordinated control of the two press rams is not required, so that the associated time and coordination effort is eliminated.
  • the force required for the forming is reduced by rapid movement of the single moving ram.
  • the high punch speed enables a higher deformation performance with the same punch force.
  • By moving both press rams relative to the die the flow paths of the blank material flowing into the tooth engraving are shortened.
  • the wall friction between the blank and the die is reduced by halving the axial length of the wall friction area compared to using a single press ram.
  • the gears produced by the method are compressed to a high degree at both ends, so that it is precisely at these end regions that the teeth have a high strength and load-bearing capacity.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for both cold and hot forming.
  • Either hollow or fully cylindrical tubular parts are used as blanks, which also include sintered, cast and machined parts.
  • a particular advantage is that gears with a center hole can be forged in a single operation without the need for reworking.
  • a tubular blank is used, into which a mandrel protruding from a press ram projects. This mandrel keeps the central opening of the gear free of material during the forging process.
  • the mandrel used is displaceable on a press ram.
  • the mandrel stands on the opposite tool, in order to be partially pushed back in the press die holding it.
  • the mandrel is drawn into this press ram by a suitable drive after the forming process, so that the workpiece is stripped from the mandrel.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out with a single-acting press, the die being held vertically displaceably and one of the press rams being fixed.
  • the die automatically adjusts itself axially to follow the movement of the movable ram. Both rams move in relation to the die, into the tooth engraving of the die. These movements do not have to be even or synchronous; the only important thing is that after the pressing process has been completed both plungers are immersed to the required extent in the die and only have the distance between them that is the axial length of the one to be produced Gear corresponds.
  • the immersion depths of the two rams should be approximately the same, so that - based on the die - the same amount of axial deformation of the blank is applied from both sides.
  • the method according to the invention enables the production of gear wheels with a cylindrical envelope surface in a one-step forging process, the teeth being fully load-bearing over their entire length.
  • This also includes helical gears, in the manufacture of which the two rams are rotated in opposite directions.
  • the drawing shows a schematic longitudinal section through a forging press for the production of gear wheels.
  • the forging press has a rigid base plate 10 on which the guide device 11 for the die 12 is fixedly mounted.
  • the die 12 consists of a solid block that contains a continuous axial channel with the tooth engraving 13. This channel has a constant cross-section over the entire length.
  • the die 12 is guided laterally in the guide device 11 so that it can only move in the vertical direction.
  • the guide device 11 has upstanding side walls 14, on the inside of which prestressed ball sleeves 15 of a known type are provided.
  • the ball sleeves 15 contain number rich balls that roll with a vertical movement of the die 12 between the outer wall and the side wall 14 and are returned in a closed circuit to the other end of a row of balls. With such ball sleeves, a precise linear guidance of the die 12 is possible.
  • the die 12 is supported on the base 16 of the guide device 14 resting on the base plate 10 by means of springs 17 or another flexible pressure device.
  • the springs 17 press the die 12 against the die weight against a stop device 18 at the upper end of the guide device 11, so that the die 12 is normally held in the raised state.
  • the lower ram 20 which is supported by a collar 21 on the base plate 10, protrudes a short distance into the lower end of the channel of the die 12, the external toothing 22 of the ram 20 fitting into the toothed engraving 13.
  • the upper press ram 23 is fastened with a holder 33 to the movable ram 34 of the single-acting press.
  • the upper press ram 23 also has an external toothing 24 which fills the cavities of the toothing engraving 13.
  • the device shown in the drawing is used to manufacture gearwheels with a center hole. Therefore, a cylindrical mandrel 25 projects downward from the lower end of the upper ram 23. The lower end of the mandrel 25 protrudes into a blind bore 26 of the lower ram 20.
  • the tubular blank 27 made of solid steel is inserted with the upper punch 23 raised.
  • the inside diameter of the blank 27 is slightly larger than the outside diameter of the mandrel 25 and the outside diameter of the blank is somewhat smaller than the head diameter of the toothing engraving 13, so that the blank can be inserted into the die 12 without the application of force.
  • the deformation process begins, in which - based on the base plate 10 - only the upper ram 23 is moved.
  • the blank 27 is initially supported on the lower ram 20.
  • the material of the blank 27 flows radially into the cavities of the tooth engraving 13.
  • the die 12 is carried along in the further course of the pressing process and the springs 17 are compressed.
  • the fixed lower press punch 20 increasingly penetrates into the die 12, while the upper press punch 23 also penetrates. In this way, the blank clamped in the middle region of its length by wall friction on the tooth engraving 13 is compressed from both sides.
  • a stop device 30 is provided on the die 12, which interacts with the holder 33 after reaching the intended penetration depth of the press die 23 into the die 33 in order to further penetrate prevent. If in the case of low wall friction the holder 33 abuts against the stop device 30, the die 12 is moved downward by the holder 33 in the further course.
  • a second stop device 31 is arranged on the bottom 16 of the guide device 11.
  • the die 12 In the event of excessive wall friction between the blank 27 and the die 12, the die 12 is carried along by this wall friction, but the stop device 31 prevents the lower ram 20 from penetrating into the die 12 beyond the intended extent.
  • the free path lengths between the stop device 30 and the holder 33 on the one hand and the die 12 and the stop 31 on the other hand are the same. The sum of these free path lengths is equal to the axial deformation path of the blank 27. From the foregoing it follows that even with extremely large or extremely small friction between the blank and the die, the penetration movements of the press rams 20 and 23 into the die are carried out, in which mentioned If only both penetrations are made one after the other.
  • the lower die 20 is used to eject the finished gear from the die 12.
  • This press ram is fastened together with the collar 21 to an ejector rod 32 which runs through a bore in the base plate 10 and can be raised.
  • the die 12 is in its upper end position in contact with the stop device 18.
  • the axial length of the press die 20 corresponds approximately to that of the die 12, so that the workpiece can be pushed out completely.
  • the mandrel 25 serves to keep the center hole of the gear to be manufactured free. Since the mandrel protrudes with its lower end into the bore 26 before the deformation process begins, it is supported and guided laterally by the lower press die 20 over the entire deformation path. There is no thin-walled mirror in the gear, which would have to be removed in a separate manufacturing process. Rather, the middle hole, which is already in the blank from the beginning, remains completely free.
  • the number of teeth of the gear to be manufactured was 13, the module 1.25 and the inner hole diameter 10 mm.
  • the measured tension on the ram was approximately 1500 N / mm2.
  • the blanks were warmed up. In the case of cold blanks, the tension on the press rams would increase by a factor of about 2 to 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP88121100A 1987-12-19 1988-12-16 Procédé et appareil pour le forgeage de roues dentées Withdrawn EP0321880A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873743231 DE3743231A1 (de) 1987-12-19 1987-12-19 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schmieden von zahnraedern
DE3743231 1987-12-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0321880A2 true EP0321880A2 (fr) 1989-06-28
EP0321880A3 EP0321880A3 (fr) 1990-08-29

Family

ID=6343067

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88121100A Withdrawn EP0321880A3 (fr) 1987-12-19 1988-12-16 Procédé et appareil pour le forgeage de roues dentées

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0321880A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3743231A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5177991A (en) * 1991-07-28 1993-01-12 Presnet Corporation Method of and apparatus for coining tapers at opposite ends of a sleeve member
DE102004058372B4 (de) * 2004-12-03 2008-10-09 Daimler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur elektrochemischen Bearbeitung
CN103157740A (zh) * 2013-03-08 2013-06-19 西安建筑科技大学 一种基于流动控制成形原理的直齿轮精锻工艺及模具

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10143993A1 (de) * 2001-09-07 2003-04-03 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Zentriervorrichtung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2767438A (en) * 1952-04-14 1956-10-23 Borg Warner Method and apparatus for making torque-transmitting elements
DE1752023A1 (de) * 1967-03-29 1971-04-29 Hatebur Ag F B Werkzeuganordnung zur Herstellung von Fliesspressteilen von teilweise verringertem Querschnitt
FR2607040A1 (fr) * 1986-11-21 1988-05-27 Renault Procede et outillage de fabrication par frittage-forgeage de pieces mecaniques a denture helicoidale

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3588933A (en) * 1968-06-19 1971-06-29 George J Shinopulos Method and apparatus for simultaneously upset forming both ends of a ductile material rod blank or the like
DE3533426A1 (de) * 1985-09-19 1987-03-26 Rainer Wadewitz Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von umgeformten teilen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2767438A (en) * 1952-04-14 1956-10-23 Borg Warner Method and apparatus for making torque-transmitting elements
DE1752023A1 (de) * 1967-03-29 1971-04-29 Hatebur Ag F B Werkzeuganordnung zur Herstellung von Fliesspressteilen von teilweise verringertem Querschnitt
FR2607040A1 (fr) * 1986-11-21 1988-05-27 Renault Procede et outillage de fabrication par frittage-forgeage de pieces mecaniques a denture helicoidale

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5177991A (en) * 1991-07-28 1993-01-12 Presnet Corporation Method of and apparatus for coining tapers at opposite ends of a sleeve member
DE102004058372B4 (de) * 2004-12-03 2008-10-09 Daimler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur elektrochemischen Bearbeitung
CN103157740A (zh) * 2013-03-08 2013-06-19 西安建筑科技大学 一种基于流动控制成形原理的直齿轮精锻工艺及模具
CN103157740B (zh) * 2013-03-08 2015-04-08 西安建筑科技大学 一种基于流动控制成形原理的直齿轮精锻工艺及模具

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0321880A3 (fr) 1990-08-29
DE3743231A1 (de) 1989-06-29

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