EP0319079B1 - Elément chauffant en vitrocéramique - Google Patents
Elément chauffant en vitrocéramique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0319079B1 EP0319079B1 EP88202637A EP88202637A EP0319079B1 EP 0319079 B1 EP0319079 B1 EP 0319079B1 EP 88202637 A EP88202637 A EP 88202637A EP 88202637 A EP88202637 A EP 88202637A EP 0319079 B1 EP0319079 B1 EP 0319079B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- glass
- phase
- heating element
- ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910021486 amorphous silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000006112 glass ceramic composition Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WWTBZEKOSBFBEM-SPWPXUSOSA-N (2s)-2-[[2-benzyl-3-[hydroxy-[(1r)-2-phenyl-1-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)ethyl]phosphoryl]propanoyl]amino]-3-(1h-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)O)C(=O)C(CP(O)(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)OCC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WWTBZEKOSBFBEM-SPWPXUSOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGNDCEVUMONOKF-UGPLYTSKSA-N benzyl n-[(2r)-1-[(2s,4r)-2-[[(2s)-6-amino-1-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)-1,1-dihydroxyhexan-2-yl]carbamoyl]-4-[(4-methylphenyl)methoxy]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]carbamate Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1CO[C@H]1CN(C(=O)[C@@H](CCC=2C=CC=CC=2)NC(=O)OCC=2C=CC=CC=2)[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(O)(O)C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C1 KGNDCEVUMONOKF-UGPLYTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940126208 compound 22 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125833 compound 23 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021056 liquid food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021055 solid food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLCLHFYFMCKBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricalcium;diborate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] VLCLHFYFMCKBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
- H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
- H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a glass ceramic heating element comprising at least one flat electric heating body applied to one face of a glass ceramic plate, this heating body including from this face a first insulating layer, a second conductive layer for forming power supply lines, and a third resistive layer to form a heating resistor.
- the invention finds its application in the production of household appliances for which it is sought to associate a glass-ceramic plate appreciated for its ease of maintenance, with a heating stove at high temperature greater than or equal to 650 ° C.
- the modulus of rupture of the ceramic glass decreases, particularly when these films include metallic constituents in combination with ceramic phases.
- the cited document teaches that the glass ceramic exhibits a high resistivity even at high temperature, which means that no layer of electrical insulation should be necessary.
- the present invention simultaneously poses and solves a problem which was hitherto completely unknown in the state of the art and which is as follows: When an electrical resistance is produced by screen printing on a glass ceramic material, then supplied with electricity to produce a heating element by thermal transfer, it appears that, at these high temperatures used in hotplate hearths, the glass ceramic support material becomes conductive electricity while the ceramic material alone retains a high resistivity. It therefore seems that the combination of a screen printed high temperature electrical resistance and a ceramic glass material is impossible to use for the production of a consumer hob, since it does not meet safety standards.
- the present invention however solves this problem by providing a formulation for an electrically insulating layer at high temperatures and which also has a coefficient of expansion quite suitable for the glass-ceramic support at these high temperatures.
- the insulating layer a material comprising an excessively large vitreous phase, or a material whose ceramic phase decomposes at high temperature to supply glass, this glass tends to rise in the resistive layer and, coating conductive particles, to cause the temperature coefficient to decrease, possibly even causing this temperature coefficient to become less than O. This would then lead to rapid deterioration of the heating element, leading to breakdown of the resistance.
- the present invention solves this problem by providing an insulating layer which does not react at high temperatures with the resistive layer.
- this insulating layer is produced by screen printing from a starting mixture for screen printing ink comprising on the one hand: a glassy phase consisting in molar proportions of: ZnO + MeO 50 to 65% WHERE 10 to 20% Al2O3 0 to 10% If 40 to 5% in which MeO is an oxide chosen from refractory oxides such as: MgO, CaO, and in which MeO is associated with ZnO in the molar proportions 0 to 10% of the whole of the glassy phase such that the proportions ZnO + MeO constitute 50 to 65% in moles of said glassy phase, and comprising d on the other hand an amorphous phase formed of a
- the heating resistor is perfectly insulated at high temperatures, its temperature coefficient is positive and the entire device supports aging well.
- a ceramic glass hob comprising an electric heating body arranged in the form of a spiral below the plate as well as a thermostatic probe thermally coupled to the baking plate. inside the cooking surface area. On the marginal zone of the cooking surface is provided an unheated zone for the thermal coupling of the probe, the rest of the surface being covered of the two-wire heating element, the connections of which are located on the periphery of the cooking surface.
- a cooking plate thus equipped offers several disadvantages.
- First of all the heating device is always of a high price because it is of a complex assembly. Then it is located at a certain distance from the ceramic hob, which leads to heat losses. Thus, it is subjected to a time constant for cooling and heating mainly due to poor thermal conduction of the air, which makes this kind of hob less flexible to use than hobs with adjustable flames. for example.
- the present invention provides a heating element which is free from this type of drawback, since the heating resistor is directly in contact with the ceramic hob.
- the invention presents a new formulation for a high temperature resistive ink. Indeed, it was also necessary that the coefficient of expansion of this ink, at the firing temperature, or at the temperature of use, be as close as possible to that of the glass-ceramic support, which is practically zero. This is difficult to achieve for a resistive material which contains conductive particles. The invention however solves this problem.
- the glass ceramic heating element comprises a glass ceramic support plate 10 serving to work surface on its upper face 11, and substrate for the heating element 20 on its lower face 12.
- Such a heating element has the advantage of forming a very smooth work surface and therefore easy to clean, as not showing any crevices, into which solid or liquid food particles can be introduced, for example, from the overflow of culinary containers.
- This very flatness is an advantage for receiving the culinary containers which always rest in a very stable manner on the work surface, which allows good heat exchange.
- the underside 12 of the ceramic hob is coated with at least one heating hearth constituted by a heating element as shown seen from above in FIGS. 2.
- the ceramic glass material has been chosen to date to produce cooktops because of its aesthetic appearance, the practical qualities mentioned above, and above all because of the fact that it has a zero coefficient of expansion which makes it very resistant to thermal shock.
- it has the disadvantage of being a poor conductor of heat, which means that, if the heating element is at all slightly away from the surface to be heated, there is a considerable temperature gradient in the air.
- the advantage provided by the present invention which makes it possible to produce a heat source for the heating hearth in direct contact with the ceramic hob, which reduces the thermal resistances.
- the poor thermal conductivity of the glass-ceramic material is used as an advantage to preserve between the hotplates, outside each heating hearth, non-hot zones, where electrical contacts can be made at leisure with traditional welding materials, therefore cheap.
- an insulating layer 21 is first deposited directly on the surface 12.
- This material is developed to first present a coefficient of expansion practically identical to that of the plate 10 and that of the upper layers 23, and that at the highest temperatures.
- This material is also developed to present excellent electrical insulation at these same high temperatures.
- This material is finally produced so that it does not diffuse into the resistant layers 23 either at cooking temperatures or at high temperatures, thus avoiding changing the temperature coefficient (CTR) of the resistant layers during aging.
- CTR temperature coefficient
- Curve C I in Figure 5a shows the relative linear variations ⁇ l l of the insulating material 21 as a function of the temperature T, and the curve C V of FIG. 5b shows the corresponding variations of the glass-ceramic material 10 at the same temperatures. These curves are both very close to 0.
- the insulating material 21 is deposited over the entire surface of the zone constituting the heating hearth of the cooking plate.
- Figures 3 and 4 which are respectively schematic layers of Figures 2 along axes I-I and II-II show that the insulating layer 21 is a uniform layer of thickness 100 microns or more.
- Two supply lines C1 and C2 for the electrical supply of the heating element are produced in the form of a screen-printed ribbon in a layer of thickness approximately 50 ⁇ m, depending on the applied voltage and the desired temperature, on the surface. of the insulating layer 21. These lines are formed of a conductive compound 22.
- a resistive compound 23 deposited in a screen-printed layer of thickness approximately 10 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the resistive material constituting the layer 23 is designed to have a coefficient of expansion as close as possible to that of the glass-ceramic material at high temperatures.
- Figures 2 show two advantageous diagrams of the arrangement of these resistive ribbons between the supply lines. These diagrams are given purely by way of example, since the method for producing the heating element according to the invention is very flexible to use and makes it possible to carry out absolutely all types of configuration for this kind of circuit.
- the circuit can thus cover a hearth forming a square area as illustrated in FIG. 2b, rectangular, oval or circular as illustrated in FIG. 2a. It may moreover be free according to the request of the consumer, or customer, to produce a cooking plate provided with several hearths showing a different shape. In addition, all the areas of hearth surface are achievable, and not only the surfaces with the two standard diameters currently marketed.
- the circuit according to the invention being produced on the lower face 12 of the ceramic hob, the upper face 11 serving as a work surface remains blank.
- the circuit can also be produced in small dimensions on a ceramic glass support to serve as a plunger heating element; for example to quickly bring a liquid to a given temperature.
- the circuit can then be coated with an upper insulating layer 24 similar to layer 21.
- the supply terminals are also fitted with waterproof and insulating sleeves like any conventional heated plunger.
- the heating element according to the invention can also be used to make a high or low heating plate (floor or ceiling) in a convection or fan-assisted oven, or else in a multi-microwave oven.
- the lines C1 and C2 are extended sufficiently so that their end is placed in a relatively cold zone.
- a few centimeters are sufficient to bring the lines C1 and C2 to an area where the temperature will always be low enough for the glass ceramic support material to be absolutely non-conductive of electricity.
- the insulating layer 21 is interrupted under the layer 22 which constitutes these terminals so that this layer 22 is in direct contact with the glass-ceramic material.
- the layers 21, 22, 23 and possibly 24 are produced by a screen printing technology by means of compounds whose formulation is given below.
- the mixture comprises a glassy phase consisting of the molar proportions of the following oxides: If 30 to 55% ZnO 20 to 40% WHERE 0 to 20% Al2O3 0 to 10% SrO, BaO, CaO 5 to 40% CoO 0 to 10% and ceramic phase consisting of ZnO + CoO, the glassy phase accounting for 85 to 60%, and the ceramic phase accounting for 15 to 40% by volume of the mixture.
- this mixture has a coefficient of expansion at high temperature which is close to that of alumina, that is to say very far from that of the glass-ceramic material itself.
- a starting mixture for a screen-printing ink capable of producing layer 21, that is to say both insulating at high temperature, with a coefficient of expansion close to that of the glass-ceramic material, and not diffusing into the upper resistive layer will firstly comprise a glassy phase constituted in molar proportions by: ZnO + MeO 50 to 65% WHERE 10 to 20% Al2O3 0 to 10% If 40 to 5% in which MeO is an oxide chosen from refractory oxides such as MgO, CaO, MeO being associated with ZnO in molar proportions 0 to 10% of the entire glass phase and such that the proportions ZnO + MeO constitute 50 to 65 % in moles of said vitreous phase.
- a glassy phase can be found, made up in molar proportions of: ZnO + MeO 62% WHERE 17% If 21%
- the starting mixture for such an insulating composition will also comprise an amorphous phase.
- the glassy phase and the amorphous phase are associated in volume proportions such as: Glassy phase 3 to 13% and preferably 5% Amorphous phase 97 to 87% and preferably 95%.
- the amorphous phase will consist of amorphous silica chosen for its low coefficient of expansion.
- a glass is first of all produced, the molar proportions of which correspond to the ranges indicated above or to one of the examples cited.
- the glass thus obtained is ground.
- this operation is incorporated to obtain a homogeneous mixture the powder forming the amorphous phase in the chosen volume proportions.
- This grinding can be carried out in a liquid medium such as water.
- the result of the grinding is then dried and then dispersed in an organic vehicle.
- an organic vehicle capable of making this starting mixture screen-printing it is possible to use a solution containing a polymer, for example a solution of ethylcellulose in a terpineol or a mixture based on terpineol.
- This organic vehicle can represent before cooking 10 to 40% of the weight of the screen-printing ink.
- the proportions of the organic vehicle relative to the ink are chosen according to the desired rheological behavior.
- none of the materials chosen to make the heating device on ceramic glass presents the risk of oxidizing in air, the ink is baked in the open air. The organic vehicle is thus consumed using oxygen from the air.
- Cooking at around 900 ° C. is carried out in a so-called pass-through oven for about 10 minutes.
- the composition of the glass is not intended to constitute a heating resistance, and more particularly a heating resistance capable of being brought to 650 ° C. by the Joule effect, and of presenting a positive CTR and which remains so in aging.
- a starting mixture for a screen-printing ink capable of producing the layer 23, endowed with this property and with a coefficient of expansion close to that of the glass-ceramic material will firstly comprise an active phase consisting of volume proportion of the total mixture of: RuO2 ⁇ 15 to 40% and in particular preferably ⁇ 30% CuO ⁇ 0 to 5% and a glassy phase made up of a composition similar to that of melted vitroceram and quenched in volume proportions complementary to the above mixture.
- the glass melts ensuring the function of binder then during this same cycle recrystallizes from vitroceram.
- the glass-ceramic thus formed makes it possible to obtain the appropriate coefficient of expansion.
- the CTR of this resistance when it is carried out with the preferred proportions, is: + 520 ppm ° C ⁇ 1 between 20 and 300 ° C and + 150 ppm ° C ⁇ 1 between 300 and 650 ° C.
- the glassy phase is ground and the oxides constituting the phase active are incorporated as it was said previously for the production of insulating ink. Following this, the mixture is incorporated into a rheological vehicle already described.
- a screen-printing ink capable of producing lines C1 and C2 in layer 22 will be formed in one example of a silver powder (Ag) + palladium (Pd) or platinum (Pt), or even in another example of a silver powder (Ag) alone, to which a small proportion of copper oxide (CuO) is added, this powder then being incorporated into a rheological vehicle as described above.
- a silver powder Ag + palladium (Pd) or platinum (Pt)
- CuO copper oxide
- Table II starting mixture for resistive layer 23 Composition of the mixture in volume proportions
- Preferred example General composition Glassy phase composition similar to vitroceram ⁇ 65% 100% supplement RuO2 ⁇ 30% ⁇ 15 to 40% CuO active phase ⁇ 5% ⁇ 0 to 5% starting mixture for conductive layer 22 Composition of the mixture in volume proportions
- Example I Example 2 Ag 80 to 100% Ag 80 to 100% CuO 20 at 0% Pd / Pt 20 to 0% CuO in complementary proportions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8716255 | 1987-11-24 | ||
FR8716255A FR2623684A1 (fr) | 1987-11-24 | 1987-11-24 | Element chauffant en vitroceramique |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0319079A1 EP0319079A1 (fr) | 1989-06-07 |
EP0319079B1 true EP0319079B1 (fr) | 1993-09-29 |
Family
ID=9357094
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88202637A Expired - Lifetime EP0319079B1 (fr) | 1987-11-24 | 1988-11-23 | Elément chauffant en vitrocéramique |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4973826A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0319079B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2661994B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE3884569T2 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2623684A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4022845A1 (de) * | 1990-07-18 | 1992-01-23 | Schott Glaswerke | Temperatursensor oder -sensoranordnung aus glaskeramik und kontaktierenden filmwiderstaenden |
US5221829A (en) * | 1990-10-15 | 1993-06-22 | Shimon Yahav | Domestic cooking apparatus |
JPH05198356A (ja) * | 1991-02-26 | 1993-08-06 | Lapin Demin Gmbh | 平面発熱体及びその製造方法 |
KR0146624B1 (ko) * | 1994-12-19 | 1998-09-15 | 김광호 | 신용거래용 카드 및 이를 이용한 신용거래장치 및 방법 |
US5657532A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1997-08-19 | Ferro Corporation | Method of making insulated electrical heating element using LTCC tape |
US6037572A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 2000-03-14 | White Consolidated Industries, Inc. | Thin film heating assemblies |
US5973298A (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 1999-10-26 | White Consolidated Industries, Inc. | Circular film heater and porcelain enamel cooktop |
DK0967838T3 (da) * | 1998-06-25 | 2005-11-28 | White Consolidated Ind Inc | Tyndfilmsopvarmningsanordninger |
DE19836148A1 (de) * | 1998-08-10 | 2000-03-02 | Manfred Elsaesser | Widerstandsflächenheizelement |
DE19855481A1 (de) * | 1998-12-01 | 2000-06-08 | Siceram Gmbh | Elektrisches Kochfeld |
US6225608B1 (en) | 1999-11-30 | 2001-05-01 | White Consolidated Industries, Inc. | Circular film heater |
US6534751B2 (en) * | 2000-02-28 | 2003-03-18 | Kyocera Corporation | Wafer heating apparatus and ceramic heater, and method for producing the same |
EP1233651A1 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2002-08-21 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | Ceramic heater |
WO2001084887A1 (fr) * | 2000-04-29 | 2001-11-08 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | Plaque chauffante en ceramique |
DE10111734A1 (de) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-26 | Schott Glas | Keramisches Kochsystem mit Glaskeramikplatte, Isolationsschicht und Heizelementen |
DE10112236C1 (de) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-10-24 | Schott Glas | Keramik-Kochfeld |
DE10110792B4 (de) * | 2001-03-06 | 2004-09-23 | Schott Glas | Keramisches Kochsystem mit Glaskeramikplatte,Isolationsschicht und Heizelementen |
WO2002104073A1 (fr) * | 2001-06-19 | 2002-12-27 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | Plaque chauffante en ceramique |
DE10225337A1 (de) * | 2002-06-06 | 2003-12-24 | Schott Glas | Kochsystem mit direkt geheizter Glaskeramikplatte |
US20050167414A1 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-04 | Po-Chun Kuo | Cooking device with a thick film resistive element heater |
US6991967B2 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2006-01-31 | Asm Assembly Automation Ltd. | Apparatus and method for die attachment |
JP5005673B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-25 | 2012-08-22 | ヘンケル コーポレイション | 家庭用電気器具を組み立てるための組成物および方法 |
EP2906083A1 (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2015-08-19 | Arçelik Anonim Sirketi | A wireless cooking appliance operated on an induction heating cooktop |
CN103731940A (zh) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-16 | 张鸿鸣 | 微晶发热体和金属微晶发热体 |
TR201408916A2 (tr) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-02-22 | Bsh Ev Aletleri San Ve Tic As | Bir elektrik iletim elemanına sahip bir pişirici cihaz. |
KR101762159B1 (ko) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-04 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 면상 발열장치, 이를 포함하는하는 전기 레인지 및 그 제조방법 |
KR102111109B1 (ko) * | 2017-02-21 | 2020-05-14 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 면상 발열장치, 이를 포함하는 전기 레인지 및 그 제조방법 |
US10917942B2 (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2021-02-09 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Structure, planar heater including the same, heating device including the planar heater, and method of preparing the structure |
CN108684089A (zh) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-10-19 | 江苏澳盛复合材料科技有限公司 | 一种加热板 |
KR102159802B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-09-25 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 전기 히터 |
KR102123677B1 (ko) | 2018-08-21 | 2020-06-17 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 전기 히터 |
KR102091251B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-03-19 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 전기 히터 |
KR102056084B1 (ko) | 2018-08-21 | 2019-12-16 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 전기 히터 |
US11825568B2 (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2023-11-21 | Whirlpool Corporation | Segmented thermoresistive heating system |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD109281A5 (ja) * | 1972-12-20 | 1974-10-20 | ||
US3813520A (en) * | 1973-03-28 | 1974-05-28 | Corning Glass Works | Electric heating unit |
US3978316A (en) * | 1975-09-19 | 1976-08-31 | Corning Glass Works | Electrical heating unit |
DE7736873U1 (de) * | 1977-12-02 | 1979-05-10 | Bosch-Siemens Hausgeraete Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Kochplatte, vorzugsweise glaskeramik- kochmulde |
FR2451899A1 (fr) * | 1979-03-23 | 1980-10-17 | Labo Electronique Physique | Composition dielectrique, encre serigraphiable comportant une telle composition, et produits obtenus |
FR2490210A1 (fr) * | 1980-09-15 | 1982-03-19 | Labo Electronique Physique | Melange de depart pour une composition fortement resistante, encre serigraphiable constituee avec et circuits electriques ainsi realises |
JPS60145594U (ja) * | 1984-03-02 | 1985-09-27 | 東京コスモス電機株式会社 | 面状発熱体用抵抗体 |
DE3536268A1 (de) * | 1985-10-11 | 1987-04-16 | Bayer Ag | Flaechenheizelemente |
-
1987
- 1987-11-24 FR FR8716255A patent/FR2623684A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
1988
- 1988-11-14 US US07/271,138 patent/US4973826A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-22 JP JP63293730A patent/JP2661994B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-23 EP EP88202637A patent/EP0319079B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-23 DE DE88202637T patent/DE3884569T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4973826A (en) | 1990-11-27 |
JP2661994B2 (ja) | 1997-10-08 |
EP0319079A1 (fr) | 1989-06-07 |
FR2623684A1 (fr) | 1989-05-26 |
JPH025392A (ja) | 1990-01-10 |
DE3884569D1 (de) | 1993-11-04 |
DE3884569T2 (de) | 1994-04-07 |
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