EP0314259B1 - Automatisches Reinigungsgerät einer versenkten Fläche - Google Patents

Automatisches Reinigungsgerät einer versenkten Fläche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0314259B1
EP0314259B1 EP88202702A EP88202702A EP0314259B1 EP 0314259 B1 EP0314259 B1 EP 0314259B1 EP 88202702 A EP88202702 A EP 88202702A EP 88202702 A EP88202702 A EP 88202702A EP 0314259 B1 EP0314259 B1 EP 0314259B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
finger
liquid
electromagnet
cleaning apparatus
pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88202702A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0314259A3 (en
EP0314259A2 (de
Inventor
Frédéric Puech
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8411609A external-priority patent/FR2567552B1/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT88202702T priority Critical patent/ATE72008T1/de
Priority to EP88202702A priority patent/EP0314259B1/de
Publication of EP0314259A2 publication Critical patent/EP0314259A2/de
Publication of EP0314259A3 publication Critical patent/EP0314259A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0314259B1 publication Critical patent/EP0314259B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/14—Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for
    • E04H4/16—Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for specially adapted for cleaning
    • E04H4/1654—Self-propelled cleaners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for automatically cleaning a surface immersed in a liquid, in particular the walls and bottom of a swimming pool. It relates to a device of the type comprising an electric motor for driving the device along the submerged surface and a filtration chamber associated with an electric pump integrated in the device to generate a circulation of liquid in said filtration chamber.
  • Patent FR-A-2520421 describes an apparatus of this type which uses the suction effect of the external source to ensure guiding of the apparatus: for this purpose, a blowing member manipulated by the user makes it possible to deform a membrane provided in the device in order to create a suction at the edge of the skirt thereof and thus a pivoting effect around the suction area.
  • a blowing member manipulated by the user makes it possible to deform a membrane provided in the device in order to create a suction at the edge of the skirt thereof and thus a pivoting effect around the suction area.
  • such a system is only applicable in practice for devices connected to an external suction source.
  • the present invention relates to autonomous cleaning devices comprising an electric drive motor and an on-board electric pump and proposes to provide a remote-controlled guidance system for this type. of devices
  • One objective is to authorize, if necessary, precise and easy control of the trajectory followed by the aircraft.
  • the automatic cleaning apparatus targeted by the invention comprises a hollow body, members for driving said body on the surface to be cleaned, a reversible electric motor arranged in the body to transmit a rotational movement to said members.
  • drive means for supplying power to said motor comprising means for sequentially reversing the direction of the electric current, a filtration chamber situated inside the body, an inlet for the liquid to the filtration chamber situated at the base of the body, a pump driven by an electric motor for causing the liquid to circulate in the filtration chamber, and an outlet for the liquid discharged by the pump, disposed opposite the base of the body;
  • the apparatus comprises at least one movable finger arranged on one side of the body so as to be able to have two positions, a passive position where said finger is set back relative to the plane of contact of the drive members with the surface submerged, and an active position where said finger comes to or exceeds this plane, said finger being associated with remote control means adapted to cause its displacement from one position to the other.
  • the device shown by way of example in the figures is made up of two parts, one 1 submerged, constituting the device itself ( Figures 1, 2, 3), the other formed by means of power supply to said device which is housed in a box 3 located outside the liquid at the edge of the swimming pool ( Figures 4, 5 and 6).
  • the device 1 and its supply means are connected by sheathed electrical conductors which form a sealed cable which can be seen in 4 in Figures 1 and 6; the cable 4 has an appropriate length to allow the device 1 to access all the areas of the submerged surface of the pool.
  • the device 1 (FIGS. 1, 2 and 3) consists of a body 5 open at its base, the latter being equipped with a closure plate 6 provided with inlets 6a for sucking the liquid in the vicinity of the surface to clean; these inlets are preferably provided with valves preventing the exit of impurities or residues, when the device is no longer under suction.
  • the body 5 is provided at its upper part with a discharge outlet 7, located opposite the base of said body so as to discharge the liquid in a direction orthogonal thereto.
  • the body 5 is internally equipped with a sealed casing 8 which is housed therein along its transverse axis as shown in the figures.
  • This casing comprises externally, on its transverse walls and under its bottom, ribs such as 9.
  • the body 5 forms around the casing 8 a filtration chamber 5a equipped with a flexible filtration pocket 10 which is fixed to the base of the body around the periphery of the plate 6.
  • This pocket is formed by a membrane of a flexible mesh material or knitted of a type known per se; under the effect of the suction, it bears against the ribs 9 of the casing 8 which keep it at a distance from the latter, so that the filtration takes place through almost the entire surface of the pocket 10.
  • the casing 8 contains, on the one hand, an electric pump motor 11 disposed in a central zone thereof, on the other hand, a reversible drive motor 12 disposed in the eccentric position transversely to this central area.
  • the pump motor 11 drives a propeller or axial impeller 14 through a shaft 13, which is disposed in a sleeve 15 for guiding the flow, inserted in the outlet 7.
  • the drive motor 12 drives by a shaft 16 a transmission wheel 17 which is connected by rubberized belts 18 to two wheels such as 19, arranged at the two longitudinal ends of the body. Each of these wheels drives a transverse cylindrical roller 20 covered by a flexible sleeve of cellular polyurethane foam 21.
  • the two sleeves 21 are arranged to come into contact with the immersed surface and fulfill the double function of generating a progression of the device in one direction or the other depending on the direction of rotation of the motor 12, and to ensure a brushing of the surface tending to detach the impurities or deposits therefrom, which are then sucked into the filtration chamber 5a.
  • the windings of the pump motor 11 and those of the drive motor 12 are supplied with low voltage (in particular 12 or 24 volts) by two pairs of sheathed conductors grouped in the waterproof cable 4 already mentioned.
  • a float 22 formed by a hollow cylinder is articulated above the body 5 on the sides of the latter in a transverse plane.
  • This float which can contain a mobile weight such as a lead ball, cooperates with the off-center of the motor 12 to unbalance the device when it is at the level of the water line; it thus conditions a lateral movement of the device along this line.
  • the float 22 is also used to grip the device during handling.
  • the body 5 carries on either side two electromagnets 23 and 24 which are fixed externally in the vicinity of the base thereof; these electromagnets are arranged in the transverse plane of symmetry so that the one which is located on the side of the transmission means (17, 18, 19) comes to be housed below the transmission wheel 17.
  • Flanges such as 25 are fixed on either side of the body to protect these electromagnets and the transmission means.
  • Each electromagnet 23 or 24, the winding of which is sealed in a block of resin, is provided with a magnetic core which is in the form of a vertical direction finger 26 provided at the top with an enlarged head 26a and in the lower part of a non-slip heel 26b; a spring 27 biases the finger 26 upwards and, in the absence of excitation, maintains it in a passive high position, in which its heel 26b is located set back relative to the plane passing through the low generatrices of the sleeves 21 (contact plane with the submerged surface).
  • Each electromagnet is arranged so that, when its winding is excited, the finger undergoes a downward movement which brings it into an active low position in which its lower heel 26b is located projecting from the contact plane cited above.
  • the device pivots around the finger and the user can cause the said device to turn at a precise determined angle by adjusting the excitation time of the electromagnet considered.
  • the windings of the electromagnets 23 and 24 are electrically supplied with low voltage by four sheathed conductors which are either integrated into the cable 4 (device originally comprising said electromagnets), or joined in another cable attached to the first by conventional attachment means (optional guide, added later).
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the electrical connections of the device. This figure shows at 28 the two conductors through which the pump motor 11 is supplied, at 29 the two conductors through which the drive motor 12 is supplied, at 30 the two conductors through which the electromagnet 23 is excited and at 31 the two conductors by which the electromagnet 24 is excited.
  • the conductors 28 and 29 which supply the pump motor 11 and the drive motor 12 are connected to a power supply unit 33 which receives the low voltage and an example of which will be described later with reference to FIG. 5.
  • the conductors 30 and 31 for excitation of the electromagnets are connected to the low voltage through, on the one hand, a voltage adapter 34 of conventional type, on the other hand, a mobile control box 35 that the user can take in hand to guide the device by appropriately exciting said electromagnets.
  • This control box 35 is connected to the box 3 by a cable 36 which, in addition to the excitation control conductors, contains conductors for manual reversal of the direction of the drive motor 12; these conductors are connected to the power supply 33 and, as will be seen below, the action of the manual reversing button of the housing 35 is validated when the block 33 is placed in the state corresponding to manual operation.
  • the supply circuit attached to the pump motor 11 comprises two comparators 41 and 42 which receive, on the one hand, different reference voltages generated by a voltage divider 43, on the other hand, the adjustable voltages from the potentiometers 38 and 39. These potentiometers allow the charging and discharging of a polarized capacitor 44 and are themselves polarized by diodes 45.
  • the negative voltage from the potentiometer 39 and from the discharge of the capacitor 44 is compared in the comparator 42 to the reference voltage and causes a flip-flop 46 to topple when it reaches this reference voltage.
  • the pump motor which was stopped during the discharge of the capacitor 44 is supplied by the effect of the control signal from the flip-flop 46: this signal is amplified in an output stage 47 and is delivered to an interface 48 voltage adaptation when the switch 37 is in the automatic position; the interface 48 delivers a control signal adapted to the power stage 49 (relay or other) which supplies the pump 11.
  • the capacitor 44 is recharged through the potentiometer 38; when the charging voltage becomes equal to the reference voltage of the comparator 41, the rocker is again switched and delivers a signal causing the pump motor 11 to stop and the cycle can be repeated.
  • the supply circuit attached to the drive motor 12 is similar to the previous one, with the following differences.
  • the signal is divided by 2 in a divider 52 and is sent with the initial signal in logic gates 53 and 54 which operate alternately, with a delay time between two opposite half-waves.
  • these alternations generate positive or negative power for the motor 12.
  • the resistance 50 can be adjusted as a function of the parameters of the other components so that the successive edges of two successive opposite half-waves are offset by a time of the order of 3 ⁇ ; this delay allows the motor to stop naturally at each reversal and to start in the opposite direction without risk of deterioration.
  • the potentiometer 40 can be chosen as a function of the parameters of the other components to obtain a range of adjustment of the inversion frequency of between 5 and 360 inversions / hour.
  • the device When the pump motor 11 is switched off, the device is no longer applied against the submerged surface by reaction of the outgoing flow through the outlet 7; if it is on a flat surface (pool bottom), the slightest action exterior modifies its trajectory and in particular the slight traction of cable 4 causes it to deviate (this cut with deviation from trajectory is shown diagrammatically in P en in FIG. 7). If, on the contrary, the device is on a vertical or very inclined surface (pool walls), it slides along it until it comes into contact with the bottom (point P2 in Figure 7).
  • the parameter settings are as follows:
  • the pump cut-off time is longer in the case of a large pool, to give the device time to slide completely along the vertical walls if it is at the water line (this pool being assumed to be deeper than the small pool).
  • the setting of the cut-off time determines the amplitude of the angular deviation carried out at each cut.
  • the inversion frequency is expected to be low enough so that the device has time to cover the greatest length without retracing its steps.
  • the pump cut-off frequency is expected to be higher so that the device slides along the vertical walls shortly after reaching the water line. If the device traverses the pool lengthwise, an intermediate cut (P1) leads to a deviation from its trajectory.
  • P1 is the symbol of a cut in the pump and I that of a reversal of the direction of progression).
  • FIG. 8 the trajectory of an apparatus adjusted to clean the bottom of a swimming pool pit.
  • the inversions are adjusted at a frequency such that the path of the device between two inversions is of the order of the length of the pit.
  • the pump cutoff frequency is set to a higher value so as to cause deviations from frequent trajectories; in addition, the duration of the cuts is also expected to be of a higher value in order to generate greater deviations.
  • Figure 9 illustrates the opposite case where the user wishes to clean more particularly the vertical walls and the water line.
  • the inversion frequency is provided at a very low value (5 to 10 / hour), the inversion being essentially intended to avoid any possible jamming of the device in a corner.
  • the cut-off frequency of the pump is on the contrary adjusted to a much higher value depending on the height of the vertical walls to be cleaned, in order to lead to a trajectory of the type of that of FIG. 9. After the device has fallen, -this goes up along the wall, arrives at the water line, moves transversely under the effect of the imbalance already mentioned, until a new pump cut makes it fall.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Gerät zum Reinigen einer in Flüssigkeit versenkten Fläche, umfassend einen Hohlkörper (5), Vorrichtungen zum Antrieb des besagten Körpers der zu reinigenden Oberfläche (21), einen umsteuerbaren Elektromotor (12), der in dem Körper eingerichtet ist, um den besagten Antriebsvorrichtungen eine drehende Bewegung zu verleihen, Mittel zur Versorgung des besagten Motors mit elektrischem Strom einschließlich Mittel zu sequentieller Umkehr der Richtung des elektrischen Stromes, eine Filterkammer (5a) im Innern des Körpers, einen zu der Filterkammer führenden Flüssigkeitseinlauf (6a) im Boden des Körpers, eine durch einen Elektromotor (11) angetriebene Pumpe (14), um die Flüssigkeit in der Filterkammer in Umlauf zu bringen, und einen dem Boden des Körpers gegenüber befindlichen Ausgang (7) für die durch die Pumpe geförderte Flüssigkeit, wobei das besagte Reinigungsgerät dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß es mindestens einen beweglichen Finger (26) umfaßt, der an einer Seite des Körpers so vorgesehen ist, daß er zwei Lagen einnehmen kann, eine passive Lage, in der der besagte Finger im Verhältnis zu der Kontaktebene zwischen den Antriebsvorrichtungen und der versenkten Oberfläche zurückgezogen ist, und eine aktive Lage, in der der besagte Finger diese Ebene erreicht oder über sie hinausgeht, wobei der besagte Finger mit Fernsteuermitteln (23, 24, 35) in Verbindung steht, die so beschaffen sind, daß sie seine Verlagerung aus einer Lage in die andere bewirken.
2. Reinigungsgerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es zwei bewegliche Finger (26) umfaßt, die im Verhältnis zu der axialen Längsebene des Körpers symmetrisch angeordnet sind, wobei jeder Finger mit Fernsteuermitteln (23, 24, 35) in Verbindung steht, so daß er unabhängig von dem anderen Finger gesteuert werden kann.
3. Reinigungsgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zur Fernsteuerung jedes Fingers folgende Teile umfassen:
― einen Elektromagneten (23, 24) mit einem durch den besagten Finger gebildeten Kern, wobei dieser so geschaltet ist, daß er sich, wenn der besagte Elektromagnet erregt ist, in seiner aktiven Lage befindet,
― Mittel zu elektrischer Erregung des besagten Elektromagneten,
― und Mittel (27) zur Rückstellung des Fingers in seine passive Lage, wenn keine Erregung stattfindet.
4. Reinigungsgerät nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der bzw. die Elektromagneten (23, 24) durch ummantelte Leiter (30, 31) mit ihren in einem Kasten (3) außerhalb der Flüssigkeit befindlichen Mitteln zu elektrischer Erregung (34, 35) verbunden sind.
EP88202702A 1984-07-11 1985-06-13 Automatisches Reinigungsgerät einer versenkten Fläche Expired - Lifetime EP0314259B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88202702T ATE72008T1 (de) 1984-07-11 1985-06-13 Automatisches reinigungsgeraet einer versenkten flaeche.
EP88202702A EP0314259B1 (de) 1984-07-11 1985-06-13 Automatisches Reinigungsgerät einer versenkten Fläche

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8411609 1984-07-11
FR8411609A FR2567552B1 (fr) 1984-07-11 1984-07-11 Appareil de nettoyage automatique d'une surface immergee
EP88202702A EP0314259B1 (de) 1984-07-11 1985-06-13 Automatisches Reinigungsgerät einer versenkten Fläche

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85200932.3 Division 1985-06-13

Publications (3)

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EP0314259A2 EP0314259A2 (de) 1989-05-03
EP0314259A3 EP0314259A3 (en) 1990-07-25
EP0314259B1 true EP0314259B1 (de) 1992-01-22

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EP88202702A Expired - Lifetime EP0314259B1 (de) 1984-07-11 1985-06-13 Automatisches Reinigungsgerät einer versenkten Fläche

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EP (1) EP0314259B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE72008T1 (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD630809S1 (en) 2009-07-01 2011-01-11 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner
USD630808S1 (en) 2009-07-01 2011-01-11 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner
US8307485B2 (en) 2008-09-16 2012-11-13 Hayward Industries, Inc. Apparatus for facilitating maintenance of a pool cleaning device
US8784652B2 (en) 2010-09-24 2014-07-22 Poolvergnuegen Swimming pool cleaner with a rigid debris canister
US8869337B2 (en) 2010-11-02 2014-10-28 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaning device with adjustable buoyant element
US9593502B2 (en) 2009-10-19 2017-03-14 Hayward Industries, Inc. Swimming pool cleaner
USD787761S1 (en) 2014-11-07 2017-05-23 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner
USD787760S1 (en) 2014-11-07 2017-05-23 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner
USD789003S1 (en) 2014-11-07 2017-06-06 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner
USD789624S1 (en) 2014-11-07 2017-06-13 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0483470B1 (de) * 1990-10-31 1996-05-08 3S Systemtechnik Ag Selbstfahrendes Reinigungsgerät, insbesondere für Schwimmbecken
US5435031A (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-07-25 H-Tech, Inc. Automatic pool cleaning apparatus
IT1265381B1 (it) * 1993-12-03 1996-11-22 Ercole Frattini Apparecchio elettromeccanico semovente, immerso, per la pulitura del fondo e delle pareti di piscine.
IL112858A (en) * 1995-03-02 1998-03-10 Maytronics Ltd Robot propulsion devices
JP3281516B2 (ja) * 1995-08-07 2002-05-13 確太郎 福田 水槽清浄機
FR2818681B1 (fr) 2000-12-21 2003-04-04 Zodiac Pool Care Europe Cassette laterale de transmission pour appareil roulant automoteur nettoyeur de surface immergee
US9903130B2 (en) * 2012-12-22 2018-02-27 Maytronics Ltd. Autonomous pool cleaning robot with an external docking station
US10161154B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2018-12-25 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner with articulated cleaning members and methods relating thereto
WO2014150506A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-09-25 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaning device with wheel drive assemblies
EP3508275B1 (de) 2015-01-26 2023-04-26 Hayward Industries, Inc. Schwimmbadreiniger mit hydrozyklonischem partikelabscheider und walzenantriebssystem
US9885196B2 (en) 2015-01-26 2018-02-06 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner power coupling
US9878739B1 (en) 2017-05-11 2018-01-30 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner modular drivetrain
US10364905B2 (en) 2017-05-11 2019-07-30 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner check valve
US9896858B1 (en) 2017-05-11 2018-02-20 Hayward Industries, Inc. Hydrocyclonic pool cleaner
US10156083B2 (en) 2017-05-11 2018-12-18 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner power coupling
US9885195B1 (en) 2017-05-11 2018-02-06 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner roller assembly
US10161153B2 (en) 2017-05-11 2018-12-25 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner canister handle
US9885194B1 (en) 2017-05-11 2018-02-06 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner impeller subassembly
US10676950B2 (en) 2017-05-11 2020-06-09 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner roller latch
US10214933B2 (en) 2017-05-11 2019-02-26 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner power supply

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DE1238649B (de) * 1964-02-08 1967-04-13 Walter Haack Bodenreinigungs- und Behandlungsgeraet fuer Schwimmbecken
ZA767474B (en) * 1976-12-15 1978-08-30 W Rasch Pool cleaners
CH638272A5 (de) * 1978-12-27 1983-09-15 Sommer Schenk Ag Geraet zur unterwasserreinigung.
FR2520421A1 (fr) * 1982-01-26 1983-07-29 Puech Frederic Appareil perfectionne de nettoyage automatique d'une surface immergee, en particulier de parois de piscine

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8307485B2 (en) 2008-09-16 2012-11-13 Hayward Industries, Inc. Apparatus for facilitating maintenance of a pool cleaning device
US8343339B2 (en) 2008-09-16 2013-01-01 Hayward Industries, Inc. Apparatus for facilitating maintenance of a pool cleaning device
USD630809S1 (en) 2009-07-01 2011-01-11 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner
USD630808S1 (en) 2009-07-01 2011-01-11 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner
US9593502B2 (en) 2009-10-19 2017-03-14 Hayward Industries, Inc. Swimming pool cleaner
US8784652B2 (en) 2010-09-24 2014-07-22 Poolvergnuegen Swimming pool cleaner with a rigid debris canister
US8869337B2 (en) 2010-11-02 2014-10-28 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaning device with adjustable buoyant element
USD787761S1 (en) 2014-11-07 2017-05-23 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner
USD787760S1 (en) 2014-11-07 2017-05-23 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner
USD789003S1 (en) 2014-11-07 2017-06-06 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner
USD789624S1 (en) 2014-11-07 2017-06-13 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE72008T1 (de) 1992-02-15
EP0314259A3 (en) 1990-07-25
EP0314259A2 (de) 1989-05-03

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