WO2011073594A1 - Appareil nettoyeur de surface immergée à giration par au moins un organe roulant non moteur décalé latéralement - Google Patents
Appareil nettoyeur de surface immergée à giration par au moins un organe roulant non moteur décalé latéralement Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011073594A1 WO2011073594A1 PCT/FR2010/052794 FR2010052794W WO2011073594A1 WO 2011073594 A1 WO2011073594 A1 WO 2011073594A1 FR 2010052794 W FR2010052794 W FR 2010052794W WO 2011073594 A1 WO2011073594 A1 WO 2011073594A1
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- motor
- liquid
- hollow body
- axle
- movement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
- E04H4/14—Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for
- E04H4/16—Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for specially adapted for cleaning
- E04H4/1654—Self-propelled cleaners
Definitions
- the invention relates to a surface cleaner device immersed in a liquid such as the walls of a swimming pool, the motor type (s) electric (s).
- FR 2 567 552, FR 2 584 442 generally comprise a hollow body; one (or more) electric drive motor (s) coupled to one or more drive members of said body on the immersed surface; and an electric pump motor driving a pumping member such as a propeller generating a flow of liquid between at least one liquid inlet and at least one liquid outlet and through a filtration chamber.
- a pumping member such as a propeller generating a flow of liquid between at least one liquid inlet and at least one liquid outlet and through a filtration chamber.
- the apparatus in which the pumping is provided by an onboard electric motor, and the drive is also provided by at least one onboard electric motor, if the apparatus must be bidirectional, that is to say be able to perform trajectories forwards and backwards, it is generally excluded to use the electric pumping motor to drive the apparatus in motion, except to provide a pumping member such as a "vortex" or centrifugal pump (cf. for example US Pat. No. 5,245,723), or articulated pallets (see, for example, EP 1 070 850), capable of providing a flow of liquid in the same direction irrespective of its direction of rotation, but whose pumping performance is mediocre.
- a pumping member such as a "vortex" or centrifugal pump (cf. for example US Pat. No. 5,245,723), or articulated pallets (see, for example, EP 1 070 850), capable of providing a flow of liquid in the same direction irrespective of its direction of rotation, but whose pumping performance is mediocre.
- the drive and / or the orientation of the apparatus is at least partly made from the hydraulic reaction induced by the flux generated by the pump (see for example
- EP 1 022 411 also describes an apparatus capable of being partially driven by the hydraulic flow created, and has two nozzle outlets of opposite directions fed alternately by a valve operated by a programming device when the pump is stopped. With self-rotating wheels or pivoting axles, the forward and backward paths are different. Devices of this type are, however, relatively complex, expensive, and unreliable, particularly with regard to the control valve tilting (or more generally for the change of direction of the hydraulic flow) which requires a logic of operation and / or minus an onboard actuator and / or a specific mechanism likely to lock up.
- the object of the invention is therefore generally to provide a cleaner apparatus of the on-board electric motor type (s) which, simultaneously, is more economical in terms of manufacture and use, and has high performances, comparable to those known apparatus, in terms of quality and cleaning, and more particularly providing a complete and rapid scanning of the immersed surface, and a good suction quality for the collection of waste with satisfactory energy efficiency.
- the invention thus aims to provide such a device that is particularly simple, compact and lightweight, but endowed with significant evolution capabilities.
- the invention aims in particular to propose such an apparatus which comprises a single onboard electric motor for driving and pumping, and can to be driven simply by several, in particular at least three different predetermined trajectories, in particular in a straight line, a turn on one side and a turn on the other side.
- the invention also aims at providing such a device whose electrical control unit is particularly simple and economical and can be entirely located outside the liquid.
- the invention thus relates to a surface cleaner apparatus immersed in a liquid comprising:
- At least one electric motor carried by said hollow body and comprising a motor shaft mechanically connected to at least one guiding and driving member, said motor member, arranged so as to cause the hollow body to move on the immersed surface according to an instant drive direction, and one way or the other with respect to this instant drive direction,
- At least one non-directional non-motor rolling guide member rotatably mounted relative to the hollow body about a transverse axis orthogonal to said instantaneous driving direction
- a filtration chamber formed in said hollow body and having:
- an electric control unit adapted to supply and control each motor
- At least one non-directional non-motor rolling guide member is, for at least one displacement configuration of the apparatus on the immersed surface, arranged with respect to the instantaneous driving direction for exerting, of that alone done, a couple of gyration of the device.
- An apparatus according to the invention is thus driven in gyration (turning) on one side by the mere fact of the configuration of movement of the apparatus, that is to say of its direction of movement and / or its speed. of movement and / or attitude relative to the instantaneous driving direction (i.e., its orientation relative to the instantaneous driving direction in a plane orthogonal to the immersed surface and containing the instantaneous direction of training), this attitude being able to depend for example on the driving speed of each motor unit.
- the arrangement with respect to the instantaneous driving direction of each non-directional non-motor rolling guide member is adapted to exert, by the mere fact of this arrangement, a couple of gyration of the apparatus on one side.
- the distribution of the (non-motor) non-directional rolling guide member (s) is asymmetrical, offset laterally on one side with respect to a median longitudinal plane of the apparatus containing the instantaneous direction. drive and orthogonal to the submerged surface.
- said distribution of the non-directional non-motor rolling guide member (s) in contact with the immersed surface is adapted to generate an asymmetrical frictional resistance with respect to the instantaneous drive direction, and therefore with respect to said plane orthogonal to the immersed surface and containing the instantaneous driving direction.
- This asymmetric frictional resistance therefore generates a twisting moment of the apparatus on one side with respect to the instantaneous drive direction.
- this asymmetric friction resistance can be obtained with a symmetrical distribution of the non-motorized non-motorized rolling member (s), for example by braking only a guide member. non-motorized non-motorized wheel located on one side of the device.
- the distribution of the organs of in contact with the immersed surface is adapted to cause the apparatus to move in a first path (in a straight line or in a gyration of a first side), and for at least a second configuration of movement of the apparatus other than said first configuration, the distribution of the guide members in contact with the immersed surface is adapted to cause the movement of the apparatus along a second path different from said first path.
- a second trajectory is of different shape from the first trajectory.
- the first trajectory is in a straight line
- at least a second trajectory corresponds to a gyration of the apparatus on one side
- at least one second trajectory is in a straight line or in gyration with a different radius or a different direction of gyration.
- said first displacement configuration corresponds to a first direction of movement of the apparatus and at least a second movement configuration of the apparatus corresponds to a second direction of movement of the apparatus opposite said first direction of displacement.
- the distribution of said guide members in contact with the immersed surface is adapted to cause the displacement of the apparatus in a first path
- the distribution of said guide members in contact with the immersed surface is adapted to cause the movement of the apparatus in a second path different from said first path.
- the movement pattern of the apparatus is changed and the slewing torque exerted by the bodies in contact with the immersed surface is changed, so that the path of the apparatus is also changed.
- at least a second movement configuration of the apparatus corresponds to a displacement of the latter in the first direction of movement, but the operating mode of the apparatus is modified between the first configuration and the second configuration.
- This modification of the operating mode may consist in particular in a modification of the attitude of the apparatus relative to the immersed surface and / or in a modification of the driving speed of the apparatus and / or in a modification of the characteristics of the circulation of the liquid in the hydraulic circuit, for example a reversal of the direction of circulation of the liquid.
- the attitude of the apparatus in a direction of travel can be varied according to its speed and / or the speed of a pumping motor and / or the direction of travel. pumping the liquid, so that the distribution of the bodies in contact with the immersed surface is also changed, the twisting torque of the apparatus being also modified (and possibly canceled).
- the attitude of the apparatus may nevertheless be invariable.
- a non-directional, non-motorized rolling member in contact with the submerged surface for a first slow speed may be provided with a fin for modifying the position of the member relative to the hollow body as a function of the hydraulic reaction, and in particular to brake this body of the immersed surface from a faster speed.
- a non-directional non-motor rolling guide member is in contact with the immersed surface for at least one attitude of the apparatus and in at least one direction of travel.
- Such a non-directional non-motor rolling guide member is non-directional in that it is rotatably mounted relative to the hollow body about an axis which is and remains (although it may possibly move in translation in certain embodiments of the invention) transverse, that is to say orthogonal to the instantaneous driving direction -particularly parallel to the axis (fixed relative to the hollow body) of each motor rolling guide member - and parallel to the immersed surface.
- this non-motor moving member laterally offset is free to rotate about a transverse axis in a first direction of movement of the apparatus, and braked in another direction of movement of the apparatus .
- At least one non-directionally displaceable non-motorized rolling member is laterally offset and is a non-driving wheel rotatably mounted relative to the hollow body about a transverse axis.
- Other embodiments are possible, including several non-driving wheels of a non-motor axle offset laterally relative to driving wheels of a driving axle.
- an apparatus is advantageously characterized in that it comprises a driving axle, and in that at least one non-directionally displaceable non-directional rolling member is arranged to be in contact with the immersed surface in front of the engine. driving axle in at least one direction of travel.
- said guide members in contact with the immersed surface comprise at least one pad offset laterally with respect to a longitudinal plane of the apparatus containing the instantaneous driving direction and orthogonal to the immersed surface.
- At least one pad is arranged to come into contact with the immersed surface in a pitched attitude of the apparatus so as to cause a gyration of the apparatus on one side.
- a pad is inactive (away from the immersed surface) when the hollow body is in its normal operating position (cleaning the immersed surface) and can be adapted to only locally brake the hollow body when the latter is in a pitched attitude predetermined.
- such a pad may be adapted to locally loosen the hollow body, and at least one guide and motor drive member located near the pad.
- such a shoe is arranged offset laterally with respect to the drive axle to cause braking or detachment of a guide member and motor drive.
- an apparatus according to the invention comprises:
- a single driving axle provided with at least one driving motor driven in rotation in one direction or the other around an axis of the driving axle
- a single non-directional, non-motorized axle comprising at least one non-directional non-motor rolling member rotatably mounted relative to the hollow body about an axis of the non-directional non-motor axle whose direction relative to the hollow body remains parallel to that of the axle of the drive axle in both directions of movement of the device.
- the non-directional non-motor axle comprises a single non-directional non-motor rolling member laterally offset on one side with respect to a median plane of the driving axle, this median plane being orthogonal to its axis.
- an apparatus according to the invention comprises:
- each pumping member arranged to generate a flow of liquid between each liquid inlet and each liquid outlet, each pumping member being formed of an axial pumping propeller with a unidirectional pitch creating a flow of liquid oriented generally according to its rotation axis,
- a single reversible electric motor carried by said hollow body and comprising a driving shaft coupled simultaneously to: each drive member of the driving axle for moving it,
- An apparatus according to the invention can be simplified in the extreme, but nevertheless endowed with various trajectories conferring a high cleaning efficiency.
- said electric control unit is adapted to control the motor in a first direction of rotation of the motor shaft according to a single speed, and in a second direction of rotation of the shaft. engine according to a speed chosen from at least two distinct speeds, of which at least a first speed in which the apparatus moves in a first attitude, up or down, displacement and at least a second speed in which the aircraft moves in a second plate, pitch up, of displacement.
- the driving axle in a first direction of rotation of the motor shaft, is at the front of the apparatus relative to the direction of movement of the apparatus, said forward direction, and each pumping propeller is rotated in a normal pumping direction to generate a flow of liquid from each liquid inlet to each liquid outlet.
- the driving axle in a second direction of rotation of the motor shaft, is at the rear of the apparatus relative to the direction of movement of the apparatus, said without rear, and each pump propeller is rotated in the opposite direction of pumping so as to generate a flow of liquid in the retrograde direction from each liquid outlet.
- This flow of liquid in the retrograde direction may possibly generate, at its output from the hollow body, a hydraulic reaction tending to drive the hollow body rotatably around the axis of the driving axle.
- the pivoting of the apparatus and its control according to each pitch attitude can be obtained in different ways.
- this pivoting can result from a torque generated by inertia during an acceleration of each motor unit and / or by a hydraulic reaction generated by the circulation of the liquid in the body hollow and at its output out of the hollow body, the orientation and / or the amplitude of said hydraulic reaction being adapted (s) to at least participate in setting the pitched attitude of the apparatus.
- said control unit is connected to the pumping device to control it so that, when each drive motor is controlled in one direction and at a speed corresponding to a pitch attitude, the pumping device generates a fluid flow producing a hydraulic reaction, said hydraulic pitching reaction, whose direction is not intersecting with the axle of the drive axle and is oriented in the appropriate direction so as to at least participate in the pitching of the hollow body around of the driving axle.
- the pumping device is reversible so as to be able to generate a flow of liquid in the retrograde direction from each liquid outlet, and the hydraulic lifting reaction is produced when the pumping device is controlled by the electric control unit in the retrograde direction.
- said electrical control unit is adapted to control the motor in a second direction of rotation of the motor shaft at a speed chosen from:
- said electric control unit is adapted to control the engine in the forward direction at a predetermined speed, and in the reverse direction at a speed chosen from the first slow speed. in which the aircraft is in the first attitude of displacement and the second fast speed in which the aircraft is in second pitched attitude attitude.
- said electrical control unit is adapted to control the motor mainly in the forward direction, and to control the engine from time to time in the rear direction according to the first speed and from time to time in the rear direction according to the second speed.
- the different control times of the apparatus in the different paths may be predetermined or randomly defined, and may be optimized depending for example on the application.
- said electrical control unit is adapted to control at least a predetermined duration of operation of the motor in one direction and at a speed, and / or randomly at least one operating time of the motor in a sense and at a speed.
- the invention also relates to an apparatus characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above or below.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the rear of an apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view from below of the apparatus of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the apparatus of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic sectional view through a vertical longitudinal plane of an apparatus according to the invention, with partial tearing and cutting of the rear wheel, representing the apparatus driven in the normal forward direction of cleaning,
- FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view similar to FIG. 4, showing the apparatus according to the invention driven in the rear direction and with a pitched attitude,
- FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view towards the rear along the line VI-VI of Figure 4,
- FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic view in front section along the line VII-VII of FIG. 4;
- FIGS. 8a to 8c are schematic views of the profile of an apparatus according to the invention respectively in the forward direction with a normal attitude of displacement, in the rear direction with a pitched attitude, and in the rear direction with a pitched attitude,
- FIGS. 9a to 9c are schematic bottom views of FIGS. 8a to 8c, respectively.
- An apparatus according to the invention shown in the figures is a self-propelled submerged surface cleaning device which, in the example shown, is of electrical type and connected only by an electric cable 3 to a control unit 4 located outside the liquid.
- a control unit 4 located outside the liquid.
- This apparatus comprises a hollow body 1 formed of different walls of rigid synthetic material assembled to each other, on the one hand to delimit a filter chamber 2, on the other hand to form receiving frame and carrying guiding members 5, 6 and drive, a single electric motor 8 having a drive shaft 9, a mechanical transmission between the motor shaft 9 of the electric motor 8 and at least one guiding and driving member, said motor member, and a propeller 10 axial pumping.
- the hollow body 1 has a lower rear shell 11 forming a chassis, completed by a hood 12 upper front removable from the shell 11.
- the hood 12 is provided with a front transverse handle 47 for handling and carry the device.
- the hull 11 carries two large coaxial front and coaxial front wheels 5 of the same diameter.
- the 5-wheel drive has the largest possible diameter that does not increase the vertical size of the device.
- the front wheel diameter corresponds to the height (dimension in the normal direction to the rolling plane 22 to the immersed surface) overall of the apparatus according to the invention.
- the diameter of the front wheels is between 250 mm and 300 mm in particular is of the order of 275 mm.
- These large wheels 5 prove to provide decisive and unexpected advantages. First, they avoid inadvertent contact with a prominent portion of the hollow body on the immersed surface, and thus allow some protection of this immersed surface during operation of the apparatus. Conversely, they provide a certain protection of the hollow body itself vis-à-vis shocks from external objects that come only in contact with the large wheels 5. Also, they provide improved traction of the device from of the same electric motor. They are also particularly advantageous in the context of an apparatus having at least one attitude (inclination in a plane containing the direction of displacement and orthogonal to the immersed surface) rearranged in at least one driving direction, insofar as they make it much easier.
- the front wheels 5 are coupled via a mechanical transmission to the motor shaft 9 of the electric motor 8, and are therefore rotated by the latter. They thus form a front axle 7 engine.
- Each front wheel 5 is guided in rotation on the shell 11 around a transverse fixed axis 13 defining the axis of the front axle 7.
- Each front wheel 5 has an internal ring gear 14 for receiving a pinion 15 mounted end a driving half-shaft 16 coupled to a central bridge 17 comprising a pinion 18 rotated by a worm 19 at a lower front end of the drive shaft 9.
- the motor 8 makes it possible to drive the front-wheel-drive wheels in either of the two directions of rotation, forwards and backwards.
- the hull 11 also carries a rear wheel 6 free in rotation (not coupled to the drive shaft 9, and therefore not driving) about a transverse axis 21 in a clevis integral with the hull 11.
- This wheel 6 is an organ of guidance which, in the example shown, does not exert the drive function.
- its axis 21 is and remains always fixed and parallel to the axis 13 of the driving axle 7.
- the axis 21 of the wheel 6 is and remains parallel to the axis of rotation of each member 5 engine rolling guidance device (the device may comprise driving motor guide members which are not necessarily coaxial and situated on the same driving axle as the wheels 5 in the embodiment shown, nevertheless in this case the axes of the various rolling guide members motors are fixed relative to the hollow body and parallel to each other so as to drive the apparatus in the same direction of instantaneous driving) and orthogonal to the instantaneous driving direction, that is to say to the normal direction d progress of the device.
- the rear wheel 6 constitutes a guide member rolling non-motor non-directional.
- the rear wheel 6 is the only non-directional, non-motorized rolling member, and thus alone forms a non-directional, non-motor axle offset longitudinally with respect to the driving axle 7, these two axles being parallel .
- the two front wheels 5 and the rear wheel 6 define the same plane, called taxiing plane 22, corresponding to the immersed surface when the device is in normal cleaning movement on the latter, all the wheels 5, 6 being in contact with each other. the immersed surface.
- the single electric motor 8 functions not only as a driving motor for the drive wheels, but also as a pumping motor driving the propeller 10 in rotation about its axis.
- the motor shaft 9 of the motor 8 passes longitudinally through the body of the motor and opens axially protruding from both sides of the motor body, that is to say with a lower front end 20 driving the wheels 5 as indicated above, and with an upper rear end 23 to which the pump propeller 10 is directly coupled rotatably.
- the hull 11 carries the electric motor 8 in an inclined position relative to the rolling plane 22, that is to say with the drive shaft 9 (which opens axially from both sides of the engine body) inclined at a different angle ⁇ 0 ° and 90 ° relative to the rolling plane 22.
- the drive shaft 9 is not orthogonal to the rolling plane 22.
- the angle of inclination is between 30 ° and 75 ° by example of the order of 50 °.
- the angle a is also the angle of inclination of the axis of the propeller 10, and the direction 24 of the hydraulic flow generated by the latter.
- the angle ⁇ also corresponds to the general direction of the hydraulic reaction generated by the flow of liquid at the outlet 37 in the normal direction of pumping, and towards the filter 33 in the retrograde direction.
- Such an inclination has many advantages, and in particular makes it possible to confer on the apparatus according to the invention a great compactness, and to exploit the hydraulic reaction force resulting from the flow of liquid generated by the propeller 10, in particular its component parallel to the rolling plane 22, for driving the apparatus in the normal direction.
- the shell 11 also has a lower opening 25 extending transversely substantially over the entire width and slightly offset forwardly relative to the vertical transverse plane (orthogonal to the rolling plane 22) containing the axis 13 of the axle 7 engine .
- This opening 25 forms a liquid inlet at the base of the hollow body in normal pumping direction for cleaning the immersed surface.
- This opening 25 preferably has a flap 26 extending along its rear edge and on the sides to facilitate the suction of debris.
- the opening 25 also preferably has a rib 29 extending along its downwardly projecting front edge to create a turbulent effect at the rear of this rib 29 tending to loosen debris from the surface. immersed and accelerate the flow of the liquid entering the opening 25.
- the opening 25 is adapted to receive a lower end
- the assembly constitutes a liquid inlet at the base of the hollow body 1, by which the liquid sucked by the suction resulting from the pumping propeller 10 when the latter is driven in the normal direction of pumping by the motor 8.
- the conduit 28 extends generally over the entire width of the hood
- the cover 12 is adapted to be able to receive and carry a filter 33 extending at the rear of the duct 28 so as to receive the flow of liquid (loaded with debris) opening from the upper opening of the inlet conduit 28.
- This filter 33 is formed of rigid filtering walls, and is in liquid communication at its upper rear portion 34 with an inlet 35 of a duct 36 receiving the axial pumping propeller 10, this duct 36 extending generally in the direction 24 of pumping the liquid, in the rearward extension towards the top of the motor shaft 9, to an outlet 37 of liquid out of the hollow body 1 through which the liquid escapes globally in the direction 24 when the propeller 10 is driven by the motor 8 in the normal direction of pumping.
- the liquid path in the normal direction of pumping in the liquid circulation hydraulic circuit thus formed between the liquid inlet 25 and the liquid outlet 37 through the filter 33 is shown schematically by arrows in FIG. 4.
- the motor 8 is carried under a lower wall 38 inclined tightly of the shell 11 which defines the filter chamber 2 receiving the filter 33.
- the upper end 23 of the drive shaft 9 passes through the sealed wall 38 in a portion 39 of the it forms the lower part of the duct 36, and this passage is itself sealed, that is to say is carried out by a device 40 with seal (s) sealing (for example of the stuffing box) ensuring the sealing between the rotating motor shaft 9 and the wall 38.
- the main outlet 37 of the liquid from the hollow body 1 is provided with a protective grid 41 guiding the flow generated in the normal direction of pumping and preventing the passage of debris in the direction of the discharge towards the interior of the hollow body 1 when the propeller 10 is driven in retrograde direction contrary to the normal direction of pumping.
- the control unit 4 is preferably located outside the liquid and adapted to supply, by the cable 3, a power supply voltage to the motor 8.
- This supply voltage makes it possible, according to its polarity, to control the motor 8 in a direction or in the other and at different speeds of rotation.
- Such a control unit 4 may be formed of a power supply connected to the mains and comprising a pulse width modulation control logic driving a circuit forming a voltage source (based on at least one switching transistor). ) whose output is chopped at high frequency with a variable pulse width according to the signal delivered by the control logic.
- the control unit 4 comprises an inverting circuit for delivering a supply voltage of the motor 8 whose polarity can be changed (positive polarity for forward drive, negative polarity for backward drive), and whose average value can be changed by the pulse width modulation logic to take a one of several distinct values corresponding respectively to several drive speeds of the motor 8, and therefore to several speeds of movement of the apparatus.
- the sign + designates a displacement in the forward direction; the sign - designates a displacement in the backward direction.
- the logic The control unit can be programmed so that the control unit 4 delivers a voltage whose average value can take, in absolute value, a value chosen from three predetermined values corresponding to these three speeds.
- the control unit 4 may advantageously incorporate a timing logic that makes it possible to control the different drive directions and the different speeds in predetermined, fixed and memorized durations and / or randomly defined, for example from a pseudo-random variable generator. .
- a control unit 4 is particularly simple in its design and manufacture.
- the front wheels 5 are driven in rotation in the forward direction of movement of the apparatus (FIGS. 4 and 8a, the wheel 6 being at the rear of the engine).
- axle 7 engine in contact with the immersed surface).
- the axial pumping propeller 10 is driven in the normal direction of pumping the liquid from the opening 25 at the base of the hollow body 1 to the outlet 37 through which the liquid escapes.
- the flap 31 is open and the debris sucked by the opening 25 with the liquid is retained in the filter 33.
- the motor 8 is controlled at a predetermined speed so that the apparatus is driven in forward motion at a predetermined speed + V, referred to as normal speed, as fast as possible to optimize cleaning.
- a predetermined speed + V corresponds to the maximum speed of rotation of the motor 8.
- the front wheels 5 are driven in rotation in the rear direction of movement of the apparatus (FIGS. 5, 8b, 8c, 9b, 9c, the wheel 6 being then in front of the axle 7 motor with respect to this direction of movement).
- the axial pumping propeller 10 is driven in the opposite direction to its normal pumping direction and generates a non-zero flow of liquid in the retrograde direction from the outlet 37 to the inside of the hollow body 1.
- the propeller 10 is an axial pumping propeller with a unidirectional and preferably fixed pitch (having blades fixed rigidly on a rotor, extending radially with respect to the latter and having a pitch in one direction) generating a flow rate liquid oriented generally along its axis of rotation (the propeller 10 is not centrifugal type) in one direction or the other in the direction of rotation of the helix about its axis.
- the propeller 10 is optimized to generate an optimal flow when it is rotated about its axis in the normal direction of pumping. But when it is rotated about its axis in the opposite direction to this normal pumping direction, the propeller 10 generates a non-zero flow of liquid in the retrograde direction.
- the flap 31 is automatically in the closed position (because of the gravity and / or under the effect of the flow in retrograde direction), preventing any discharge of debris into the duct 28, so that the debris remains confined inside the filter 33.
- the flow in retrograde direction can be evacuated by the unavoidable leaks of the apparatus (the latter may be free of orifice and specific discharge valve of the flow in retrograde direction ), or by one or more specific orifice (s) valve (s) formed (s) in the shell 11 for this purpose, for example a lateral orifice (variant not shown).
- the changes in the trajectory of the aircraft during its movements in the backward direction are obtained by a modification of the distribution of the organs that come into contact with the immersed surface, this distribution being asymmetrical in at least one configuration of movement of the device so as to cause a torque of the latter.
- this distribution being asymmetrical in at least one configuration of movement of the device so as to cause a torque of the latter.
- several configurations of movement of the device, and several distributions respectively corresponding to several different paths of the device can be obtained.
- Such a distribution change may in particular result from a change of attitude of the hollow body 1 relative to the axle 7 about the axis 13 (in a plane orthogonal to the immersed surface and containing the direction of displacement).
- the apparatus is designed to be able to be swirled on one side (for example to the left with respect to its direction of movement) for a first speed of the motor 8 corresponding to a first speed -VI of displacement of the apparatus in the rearward direction and with a first attitude, unplugged, of the apparatus; and in gyration on the other side (for example to the right with respect to its direction of movement) for a second speed of the engine 8 corresponding to a second speed -V2 of movement of the apparatus in the rear direction and to a second attitude , up, the device, this second -V2 speed being different, especially faster than the first -VI speed.
- the increase in speed of movement in the rear direction generates an acceleration which induces a moment of inertia tending to increase the pitching of the apparatus.
- the general balancing of the apparatus can be adapted to obtain the more or less pitched or unplated plates desired, according to the different speeds corresponding.
- the pumping device may also, in a variant not shown, participate in the setting up trim (s) up (s).
- the pumping propeller 10 is a directly coupled unidirectional pitch propeller rotatably connected to the upper rear end 23 of the drive shaft 9.
- An unidirectional pitch axial pumping propeller comprises blades extending generally radially and having a pitch which is preferably fixed, which could however be variable, but which, in any event, does not change direction, that is to say is always oriented in a single direction direction, so that the direction of the liquid flow generated by the rotation of the helix depends on the direction of rotation of the latter.
- the propeller 10 When the propeller 10 is rotated in the normal pumping direction (corresponding to the cleaning of the immersed surface), it pumps the liquid from each liquid inlet at the base of the hollow body to each main liquid outlet. When the propeller 10 is rotated in the retrograde direction, it pumps the liquid in the discharge direction from each main liquid outlet.
- the axial pumping propeller 10 driven in the retrograde direction generates a flow of liquid that can escape from the hollow body by at least one liquid outlet, called the secondary outlet (not shown).
- the flow of liquid escaping through the less such a secondary output is oriented so that this current creates by reaction, efforts whose resultant, called secondary force of hydraulic reaction, generates a pair of upset of the device by pivoting the hollow body around the axle 7
- This pitching torque around the axis 13 of the motor axle 7 tends to pitch up the apparatus, that is to say to lift the wheel 6.
- a secondary force of hydraulic reaction exerts a couple of pivoting the device around the axis 13 of the axle 7 engine in the direction of increasing the pitching device.
- the direction of the fluid flow generated in the retrograde direction and outgoing by such a secondary outlet is not secant with the axis 13 of the axle 7 engine, and is oriented in the appropriate direction to at least participate in the pitching of the hollow body around the pitching axle.
- Such a participation of the flow of liquid in the retrograde direction at the pitching of the apparatus is however not necessary, and, in the embodiment represented by way of example, the obtaining of each pitched attitude results solely from motor torque on the drive axle and the overall balancing of the device.
- Path modifications can be obtained by different configurations of the guiding and driving members in contact with the immersed surface and / or by laterally offset braking members whether or not in contact with the immersed surface, depending on the attitude more or less adjusted or not the apparatus, that is to say according to the inclination of the hollow body 1 about the axis 13 of the axle 7 motor relative to the immersed surface.
- the shell 11 has a portion 42 of wall extending forwardly from the opening 25, over its entire width, substantially marrying the contour of the front wheels 5.
- This portion 42 of In the first embodiment shown, the wall is provided with at least one pad 44 arranged so as to come into contact with the submerged surface in order to locally brake and / or loosen the hollow body 1 in a displacement configuration of the apparatus.
- the apparatus is advantageously provided with a cleaning blade 45 freely articulated about a transverse axis 46 (parallel to the axis 13 of the axle 7 engine), so as to come into contact of the immersed surface by pivoting about this axis under the effect of gravity and scraping the immersed surface when the apparatus moves in the normal forward direction of cleaning at + V speed.
- the squeegee 45 extends to the rear of the inlet opening so as to loosen the debris from the immersed surface so that the latter is entrained by the suction of the liquid in this opening 25 under the effect of pumping. when the motor 8 is controlled in the normal direction, the apparatus being moved in the forward direction.
- the rear wheel 6 is arranged to be offset laterally with respect to the median longitudinal vertical plane of symmetry of the hollow body.
- this wheel 6 is carried by a yoke 52 which, in the example shown, is shifted to the right (considered with respect to the forward direction) of the shell 11.
- the friction induced by the rolling of the The wheel on the immersed surface is not symmetrical with respect to the instantaneous driving direction of the apparatus determined by the driving axle 7 and induces a gyration of the apparatus when the latter is driven backwards at slow speed. , according to a normal attitude of displacement in which the wheel 6 is in contact with the immersed surface.
- the gyration thus induced is, in the example shown, oriented towards the left with respect to the direction of displacement towards the rear as represented in FIG. 9b.
- the offset of the rear wheel 6 does not induce substantially no turning torque, so that the trajectory of the apparatus is normally right.
- the engine torque on the drive wheels 5 tends to minimize the application force of the wheel 6 on the immersed surface
- the engine torque on the driving wheels 5 on the contrary tends to increase this application force, and therefore the horizontal component of the friction reaction which, because of its lateral shift, causes a positive effect.
- the wheel 6 has its axis 21 of rotation which is and always remains parallel to the axis 13 of the drive axle, that is to say that the wheel 6 is not pivoting and n is not directional.
- the yoke 52 is provided with a braking surface 51, and the axis 21 of the roller 6 is guided relative to the yoke 52 by an oblong slot 50 in the longitudinal direction .
- the set is adapted so that:
- the apparatus In the normal attitude of the apparatus and when it is traveling backward at slow speed, the apparatus is thus driven in gyration on one side (to the left relative to the direction of movement in the example shown ) in the rear direction due to the localized braking, shifted laterally, imparted by the roller 6 on the immersed surface.
- a fixed pad 44 is disposed on one side, for example on the left as shown, secured to the front portion 42 of the shell 11 and projects radially outwardly from this portion 42 so as to come into contact with the immersed surface when the apparatus is in a pitched attitude shown in Figure 8c, of greater inclination than the normal attitude.
- This pitched attitude is obtained for the second speed -V2 rapid displacement in the rear direction corresponding to the second fast speed of rotation of the engine 8.
- the wheel 6 is no longer in contact with the submerged surface, and the apparatus is rotated on the other side (to the right in the example shown) in the rear direction because of the friction of the pad 44 on the immersed surface and / or detachment of the wheel 5 front left.
- the shoe 44 is also arranged at the front of the axle 7 engine, and comes, in this pitched attitude, in contact with the immersed surface at the rear of the drive axle relative to the direction of displacement (backward direction). . In the normal attitude of the apparatus, the pad 44 is not in contact with the immersed surface.
- control of the pitched attitude of the apparatus does not require particularly complex operating logic insofar as it can be obtained by simply balancing the apparatus during manufacture.
- the presence of the pad 44 facilitates this control by acting as an abutment limiting the pivoting pitched attitude.
- this control can remain relatively imprecise to the extent that the period of pitch up attitude of the device are low, this configuration of displacement does not correspond to the normal cleaning configuration.
- the rear wheel 6 is arranged to come into contact with the immersed surface only in said normal attitude in which all the wheels 5 and the wheel 6 are in contact with the immersed surface, and the pad 44 is arranged to come to the contact of the submerged surface only in said pitched attitude.
- the pad 44 is not in contact with the immersed surface.
- the pad 44 is remote from the surface immersed, and therefore inactive.
- a shoe 44 capable of driving a detachment of a driving wheel causes rapid gyration of the apparatus by localized arrest.
- a pad 44 adapted to rub on the immersed surface without causing a detachment of a drive wheel 5 generates a slower gyration of the apparatus by localized braking.
- the control unit 4 is extremely simple in its design and implementation. It is adapted so that the apparatus is mainly driven forward in a straight line.
- the motor 8 is interrupted from time to time and controlled in the reverse direction at the first slow speed (corresponding to the travel speed -VI) from time to time and at the second fast speed (corresponding to the travel speed -V2) of from time to time.
- the different control times of the motor 8: Tl in the forward direction at high speed + V, T2 in the backward direction at slow speed -VI, T3 in the reverse direction at normal high speed -V2, and T4 in the interruptions of the motor 8, are defined randomly (by a random generator, that is to say a pseudo-random variable generator) and / or in a predetermined manner.
- these durations can be defined so as to limit the entanglement of the cable 3, that is to say by ensuring that the accumulations of the periods of gyration on the left are similar to the accumulations of the times of gyration on the right.
- T1 is between 10s and 1 min, for example of the order of 20s; T2 and T3 are both less than T1, for example between 3s and 15s, in particular between 5s and 8s; and T4 is less than each of the durations T1, T2, and T3, is between 0.5s and 5s, in particular is of the order of 2s.
- the apparatus according to the invention is extremely simple to design and manufacture, and therefore very economical, but nevertheless very powerful. Indeed, with a single electric motor 8 and a control unit 4 reduced to its simplest expression, all the most complex functionalities of an electrical appliance are obtained.
- the apparatus according to the invention is also particularly light, easy to handle, ergonomic and particularly aesthetic. It consumes very little energy and is respectful of the environment. It has a long life and excellent reliability contained including the small number of parts it incorporates.
- the invention can be the subject of numerous variants with respect to the preferred embodiments shown in the figures and described above.
- the invention is equally applicable to an apparatus provided with guide and drive members for motors or non-motors other than wheels (tracks, brushes, etc.).
- the rear wheel 6 can in particular be replaced by a non-steerable non-motor axle comprising several wheels or wheels, but which are offset laterally with respect to the drive wheels.
- the center of gravity of the drive wheels on the axis 13 of the motor axle 7 is shifted laterally relative to the centroid of the non-directional non-motor axle.
- the device may have several liquid inlets, several liquid outlets, or even several pumping propellers driven by the same engine.
- the motor 8 may be driven in a discrete plurality of speeds which may comprise more different speeds than in the example described above.
- the apparatus according to the invention is advantageously free of an actuator and an onboard logic and / or electronic circuit.
- the device may include if necessary electronic components and / or onboard actuators.
- the control unit could be embedded, including for example with a built-in storage battery acting as a source of electrical energy, the device being completely autonomous.
- the parts of the apparatus which come into contact with the submerged surface in the various configurations of movement of the apparatus may be extremely varied and include all wheels, wheel (s), squeegee (s), shoe (s), brush (s), roller (s), belt (s), caterpillar (s), provided that in at least one configuration displacement, a pair of gyration is created by a non-symmetrical distribution of at least one non-directional non-motor rolling guide member with respect to the median longitudinal direction of the apparatus and with respect to the instantaneous driving direction, distribution unsymmetrical generating localized braking by sliding friction or non-sliding, rolling or non-rolling also unsymmetrical.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2010332587A AU2010332587B2 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2010-12-17 | Submerged-surface-cleaning that gyrates by means of at least one laterally offset non-driven rolling member |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR09.06140 | 2009-12-18 | ||
FR0906140A FR2954379B1 (fr) | 2009-12-18 | 2009-12-18 | Appareil nettoyeur de surface immergee a giration par au moins un organe roulant non moteur decale lateralement |
US30054010P | 2010-02-02 | 2010-02-02 | |
US61/300,540 | 2010-02-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011073594A1 true WO2011073594A1 (fr) | 2011-06-23 |
Family
ID=42727659
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2010/052794 WO2011073594A1 (fr) | 2009-12-18 | 2010-12-17 | Appareil nettoyeur de surface immergée à giration par au moins un organe roulant non moteur décalé latéralement |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8438684B2 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2010332587B2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2954379B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011073594A1 (fr) |
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US8343339B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2013-01-01 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Apparatus for facilitating maintenance of a pool cleaning device |
US9593502B2 (en) | 2009-10-19 | 2017-03-14 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Swimming pool cleaner |
US8784652B2 (en) | 2010-09-24 | 2014-07-22 | Poolvergnuegen | Swimming pool cleaner with a rigid debris canister |
US8869337B2 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2014-10-28 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Pool cleaning device with adjustable buoyant element |
WO2014150506A1 (fr) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Dispositif de nettoyage de piscine doté d'ensembles entraînement de roue |
EP2821564B1 (fr) | 2014-01-07 | 2016-04-13 | Aquatron Robotic Technology Ltd. | Dispositif de nettoyage de piscine |
USD747578S1 (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2016-01-12 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Cleaner |
USD749282S1 (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2016-02-09 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Cleaner |
USD749285S1 (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2016-02-09 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Cleaner |
USD789624S1 (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2017-06-13 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Pool cleaner |
USD787761S1 (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2017-05-23 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Pool cleaner |
USD787760S1 (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2017-05-23 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Pool cleaner |
USD789003S1 (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2017-06-06 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Pool cleaner |
EP3508275B1 (fr) | 2015-01-26 | 2023-04-26 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Nettoyeur de piscine comportant un séparateur de particules hydrocyclonique et un système d'entraînement à rouleaux |
US9885196B2 (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2018-02-06 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Pool cleaner power coupling |
US10738495B2 (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2020-08-11 | Aqua Products, Inc. | Self-propelled robotic pool cleaner and water skimmer |
US20180162508A1 (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2018-06-14 | Aqua Products, Inc. | Brake module for submersible autonomous vehicle |
US9878739B1 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2018-01-30 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Pool cleaner modular drivetrain |
US9885194B1 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2018-02-06 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Pool cleaner impeller subassembly |
US10156083B2 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2018-12-18 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Pool cleaner power coupling |
US9896858B1 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2018-02-20 | Hayward Industries, Inc. | Hydrocyclonic pool cleaner |
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- 2010-12-17 WO PCT/FR2010/052794 patent/WO2011073594A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2010-12-17 AU AU2010332587A patent/AU2010332587B2/en active Active
- 2010-12-17 US US12/971,314 patent/US8438684B2/en active Active
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FR2567552A1 (fr) | 1984-07-11 | 1986-01-17 | Puech Frederic | Appareil de nettoyage automatique d'une surface immergee |
FR2584442A1 (fr) | 1985-07-02 | 1987-01-09 | Puech Frederic | Appareil de nettoyage automatique d'une surface immergee |
US5245723A (en) | 1990-10-31 | 1993-09-21 | 3S Systemtechnik Ag | Self-propelled cleaning apparatus, particularly for swimming pools |
EP1022411A2 (fr) | 1999-01-25 | 2000-07-26 | Aquaproducts Inc. | Dispositif de renversement de flux de propulsion et de contrôle directionnel pour nettoyeurs automatiques de bassins de natation |
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EP1070850A1 (fr) | 1999-07-23 | 2001-01-24 | Maytronics Ltd. | Roue |
FR2896005A1 (fr) * | 2006-01-11 | 2007-07-13 | Max Roumagnac | Robot nettoyeur de piscine |
FR2925558A1 (fr) | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-26 | Zodiac Pool Care Europ Soc Par | Appareil roulant nettoyeur de surface immergee a entrainement par essieu avant moteur et partiellement hydraulique |
FR2925553A1 (fr) | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-26 | Zodiac Pool Care Europ Soc Par | Appareil nettoyeur de surface immergee a helice de pompage inclinee |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8438684B2 (en) | 2013-05-14 |
FR2954379B1 (fr) | 2012-04-13 |
FR2954379A1 (fr) | 2011-06-24 |
AU2010332587A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 |
AU2010332587B2 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
US20110155186A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
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