EP0313484B1 - Alliages lourds de tungstène-nickel-fer à très hautes caractéristiques mécaniques et procédé de fabrication desdits alliages - Google Patents

Alliages lourds de tungstène-nickel-fer à très hautes caractéristiques mécaniques et procédé de fabrication desdits alliages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0313484B1
EP0313484B1 EP88420358A EP88420358A EP0313484B1 EP 0313484 B1 EP0313484 B1 EP 0313484B1 EP 88420358 A EP88420358 A EP 88420358A EP 88420358 A EP88420358 A EP 88420358A EP 0313484 B1 EP0313484 B1 EP 0313484B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phase
alloys
working
cycles
tungsten
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88420358A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0313484A1 (fr
Inventor
Guy Nicolas
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Cime Bocuze SA
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Cime Bocuze SA
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Application filed by Cime Bocuze SA filed Critical Cime Bocuze SA
Priority to AT88420358T priority Critical patent/ATE73174T1/de
Publication of EP0313484A1 publication Critical patent/EP0313484A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to heavy tungsten-nickel-iron alloys with very high mechanical characteristics and to a process for manufacturing said alloys.
  • the subject of the present invention is heavy alloys with very high mechanical characteristics, with a density between 15.6 and 18, containing between 80 and 99% by weight of tungsten in the form of nodules constituting the ⁇ phase, as well as nickel and iron. in a Ni / Fe weight ratio greater than or equal to 2 playing the role of binder and constituting the ⁇ phase and optionally molybdenum, titanium, aluminum, manganese, cobalt, rhenium, characterized in that, according to a direction transverse to the working, the ⁇ phase has the form of ellipsoids joined two by two in the vicinity of one of the ends of their major axis so as to form between said axes an acute angle, with dislocation cells of dimensions included between 0.01 and 1 ⁇ m, and the ⁇ phase of the binder has an average free path, defined as the average of the distances which in a given direction separates two successive zones of ⁇ phase, less than 15 ⁇ m.
  • the tungsten-nickel-iron alloys have a structure formed of pure tungsten nodules more or less spherodized during sintering constituting the ⁇ phase, these nodules being surrounded by a ⁇ phase composed of the three elements of the alloy which acts as a binder between said nodules.
  • the applicant has found that, in order to develop very high mechanical characteristics, the tungsten alloys must have a particular structure.
  • the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing alloys having such a structure and in which the value of the desired mechanical characteristics can be adjusted at will and in particular reaching a tensile strength close to 2000 MPa.
  • the invention consists of a succession of cycles which are all the more numerous when it is desired to reach structures corresponding to the highest values of the mechanical characteristics.
  • three cycles make it possible to reach a breaking strength of between 1400 and 1450 MPa, while at the end of four cycles, it is close to values of 1850 MPa.
  • Each of these cycles comprises in order a step of wrought-out carried out by hammering, for example, so as to develop a certain reduction rate of surface of the sintered compact between 10 and 50% followed by an annealing treatment by passage in an oven heated to a temperature below 1300 ° C under an inert atmosphere for 4 to 20 hours.
  • the wrought rates are lower and the temperatures higher than during the cycles later.
  • the suitable degree of wrought work is achieved by making at least two successive passes in the hammer hammer, for example, before carrying out the heat treatment.
  • FIG. 1 the nodular structure of the ⁇ phase of tungsten and the ⁇ phase of binder, the mean free path of which is close to 20 ⁇ m, are observed in white.
  • Figure 2 we see the formation of butterfly wings while the mean free path drops to around 10 to 14 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 3 the trend observed in FIG. 2 is accentuated and the mean free path is in the range 3 to 7 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 4 the rupture of the alloy is essentially internodular and cupular at the level of the ⁇ phase.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 corresponding to test pieces with characteristics superior to those of FIG. 4, it can be seen that the global failure mode becomes transnodular with rare internodular rupture initiations.
  • the compacts with a diameter of 90 mm and a length of 500 mm were sintered in a passing oven at a temperature of 1490 ° C. for 5 hours then kept under vacuum for 25 hours in a heated oven. between 1000 and 1300 ° C.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
EP88420358A 1987-10-23 1988-10-20 Alliages lourds de tungstène-nickel-fer à très hautes caractéristiques mécaniques et procédé de fabrication desdits alliages Expired - Lifetime EP0313484B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88420358T ATE73174T1 (de) 1987-10-23 1988-10-20 Wolfram-nickel-eisen-schwermetallegierungen mit sehr hohen mechanischen eigenschaften und verfahren zur herstellung dieser legierungen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8715315 1987-10-23
FR8715315A FR2622209B1 (fr) 1987-10-23 1987-10-23 Alliages lourds de tungstene-nickel-fer a tres hautes caracteristiques mecaniques et procede de fabrication desdits alliages

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0313484A1 EP0313484A1 (fr) 1989-04-26
EP0313484B1 true EP0313484B1 (fr) 1992-03-04

Family

ID=9356493

Family Applications (1)

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EP88420358A Expired - Lifetime EP0313484B1 (fr) 1987-10-23 1988-10-20 Alliages lourds de tungstène-nickel-fer à très hautes caractéristiques mécaniques et procédé de fabrication desdits alliages

Country Status (21)

Country Link
US (2) US4938799A (ja)
EP (1) EP0313484B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH01142048A (ja)
KR (1) KR950008693B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN1019318B (ja)
AT (1) ATE73174T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU606759B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR8805467A (ja)
CA (1) CA1340011C (ja)
DE (1) DE3868843D1 (ja)
DK (1) DK587288A (ja)
EG (1) EG19412A (ja)
ES (1) ES2032336T3 (ja)
FR (1) FR2622209B1 (ja)
GR (1) GR3003967T3 (ja)
IL (1) IL88062A (ja)
IN (1) IN171726B (ja)
PT (1) PT88821B (ja)
SG (1) SG73092G (ja)
YU (1) YU47632B (ja)
ZA (1) ZA887893B (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4318827A1 (de) * 1993-06-07 1994-12-08 Nwm De Kruithoorn Bv Schwermetallegierung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

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US4986961A (en) * 1988-01-04 1991-01-22 Gte Products Corporation Fine grain tungsten heavy alloys containing additives
FR2633205B1 (fr) * 1988-06-22 1992-04-30 Cime Bocuze Procede de mise en forme directe et d'optimisation des caracteristiques mecaniques de projectiles perforants en alliage de tungstene a haute densite
AT392432B (de) * 1989-05-03 1991-03-25 Plansee Metallwerk Verfahren zur herstellung von warmkriechfesten halbfabrikaten oder formteilen aus hochschmelzenden metallen
US5603073A (en) * 1991-04-16 1997-02-11 Southwest Research Institute Heavy alloy based on tungsten-nickel-manganese
US5527376A (en) * 1994-10-18 1996-06-18 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Composite shot
US5713981A (en) * 1992-05-05 1998-02-03 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Composite shot
US5760317A (en) * 1995-10-27 1998-06-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Flow softening tungsten based composites
CN1061698C (zh) * 1997-06-10 2001-02-07 郭庆虎 钨镍铁系高比重合金及其制法
KR100255356B1 (ko) * 1997-08-12 2000-05-01 최동환 텅스텐기 소결합금의 열처리방법
US6136105A (en) * 1998-06-12 2000-10-24 Lockheed Martin Corporation Process for imparting high strength, ductility, and toughness to tungsten heavy alloy (WHA) materials
US6270549B1 (en) 1998-09-04 2001-08-07 Darryl Dean Amick Ductile, high-density, non-toxic shot and other articles and method for producing same
US6527880B2 (en) 1998-09-04 2003-03-04 Darryl D. Amick Ductile medium-and high-density, non-toxic shot and other articles and method for producing the same
US7267794B2 (en) * 1998-09-04 2007-09-11 Amick Darryl D Ductile medium-and high-density, non-toxic shot and other articles and method for producing the same
US6464433B1 (en) * 1998-12-10 2002-10-15 Kennametal Pc Inc. Elongate support member and method of making the same
US6248150B1 (en) 1999-07-20 2001-06-19 Darryl Dean Amick Method for manufacturing tungsten-based materials and articles by mechanical alloying
US6447715B1 (en) 2000-01-14 2002-09-10 Darryl D. Amick Methods for producing medium-density articles from high-density tungsten alloys
EP1134539A1 (en) * 2000-02-07 2001-09-19 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. High performance powdered metal mixtures for shaped charge liners
KR100363395B1 (ko) * 2000-04-17 2002-12-02 국방과학연구소 기계적 합금화와 이단계 급속소결에 의한 초미세결정립텅스텐 중합금의 제조방법
KR100390173B1 (ko) * 2000-12-28 2003-07-10 주식회사 래피더스 내환경성이 우수한 고연성 텅스텐 중합금의 제조방법
US7217389B2 (en) 2001-01-09 2007-05-15 Amick Darryl D Tungsten-containing articles and methods for forming the same
FR2830022B1 (fr) * 2001-09-26 2004-08-27 Cime Bocuze Alliage base tungstene fritte a haute puissance
WO2003064961A1 (en) * 2002-01-30 2003-08-07 Amick Darryl D Tungsten-containing articles and methods for forming the same
US6749802B2 (en) 2002-01-30 2004-06-15 Darryl D. Amick Pressing process for tungsten articles
KR100467393B1 (ko) * 2002-07-13 2005-01-24 주식회사 풍산 파편확산 관통형 텅스텐 중합금 관통자 소재 및 그 제조방법
US7000547B2 (en) 2002-10-31 2006-02-21 Amick Darryl D Tungsten-containing firearm slug
US7059233B2 (en) * 2002-10-31 2006-06-13 Amick Darryl D Tungsten-containing articles and methods for forming the same
US7383776B2 (en) * 2003-04-11 2008-06-10 Amick Darryl D System and method for processing ferrotungsten and other tungsten alloys, articles formed therefrom and methods for detecting the same
US7399334B1 (en) 2004-05-10 2008-07-15 Spherical Precision, Inc. High density nontoxic projectiles and other articles, and methods for making the same
US20100034686A1 (en) * 2005-01-28 2010-02-11 Caldera Engineering, Llc Method for making a non-toxic dense material
US8122832B1 (en) 2006-05-11 2012-02-28 Spherical Precision, Inc. Projectiles for shotgun shells and the like, and methods of manufacturing the same
FR2958391B1 (fr) 2010-03-30 2012-07-27 Nexter Munitions Penetrateur a energie cinetique.
FR2958392A1 (fr) 2010-03-30 2011-10-07 Nexter Munitions Penetrateur a energie cinetique a profil etage.
EP2789708A4 (en) * 2011-12-07 2015-10-14 Almt Corp FRESH TUNGSTEN ALLOY
US9046328B2 (en) 2011-12-08 2015-06-02 Environ-Metal, Inc. Shot shells with performance-enhancing absorbers
FR3039266B1 (fr) * 2015-07-22 2017-09-01 Cime Bocuze Penetrateur comportant un coeur entoure d'une gaine ductile et procede de fabrication d'un tel penetrateur
CN105154700A (zh) * 2015-09-24 2015-12-16 瑞声精密制造科技(常州)有限公司 高比重钨合金的烧结工艺
US10690465B2 (en) 2016-03-18 2020-06-23 Environ-Metal, Inc. Frangible firearm projectiles, methods for forming the same, and firearm cartridges containing the same
US10260850B2 (en) 2016-03-18 2019-04-16 Environ-Metal, Inc. Frangible firearm projectiles, methods for forming the same, and firearm cartridges containing the same
CN107058841B (zh) * 2017-06-29 2018-12-21 浙江创特新材科技有限公司 一种高机械强度钨合金材料及其制备方法
CN109518054A (zh) * 2019-01-15 2019-03-26 株洲市美力迪实业有限公司 一种拉刀材料及其制备方法和拉刀

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4318827A1 (de) * 1993-06-07 1994-12-08 Nwm De Kruithoorn Bv Schwermetallegierung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2032336T3 (es) 1993-02-01
PT88821B (pt) 1993-01-29
FR2622209A1 (fr) 1989-04-28
DE3868843D1 (de) 1992-04-09
SG73092G (en) 1992-10-02
CA1340011C (fr) 1998-08-25
CN1033651A (zh) 1989-07-05
GR3003967T3 (ja) 1993-03-16
JPH01142048A (ja) 1989-06-02
IL88062A0 (en) 1989-06-30
ZA887893B (en) 1989-07-26
BR8805467A (pt) 1989-07-04
YU197388A (en) 1990-08-31
ATE73174T1 (de) 1992-03-15
AU2408888A (en) 1989-04-27
DK587288A (da) 1989-04-24
DK587288D0 (da) 1988-10-21
KR950008693B1 (ko) 1995-08-04
JPH0468371B2 (ja) 1992-11-02
CN1019318B (zh) 1992-12-02
EG19412A (fr) 1995-01-31
EP0313484A1 (fr) 1989-04-26
US4938799A (en) 1990-07-03
US4960563A (en) 1990-10-02
AU606759B2 (en) 1991-02-14
FR2622209B1 (fr) 1990-01-26
YU47632B (sh) 1995-12-04
IL88062A (en) 1992-09-06
IN171726B (ja) 1992-12-19
KR890006843A (ko) 1989-06-16

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