EP0310819B1 - Soupape à injection de combustible - Google Patents

Soupape à injection de combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0310819B1
EP0310819B1 EP19880114577 EP88114577A EP0310819B1 EP 0310819 B1 EP0310819 B1 EP 0310819B1 EP 19880114577 EP19880114577 EP 19880114577 EP 88114577 A EP88114577 A EP 88114577A EP 0310819 B1 EP0310819 B1 EP 0310819B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
injection valve
plane
perforated plate
valve according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19880114577
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0310819A1 (fr
Inventor
Ichiei Dr.-Ing. Imafuku
Waldemar Hans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0310819A1 publication Critical patent/EP0310819A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0310819B1 publication Critical patent/EP0310819B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1853Orifice plates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0675Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the valve body having cylindrical guiding or metering portions, e.g. with fuel passages
    • F02M51/0678Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the valve body having cylindrical guiding or metering portions, e.g. with fuel passages all portions having fuel passages, e.g. flats, grooves, diameter reductions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/08Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle specially for low-pressure fuel-injection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a low-pressure fuel injection valve according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Low-pressure fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines is already known (EP-A-0201190) in which a perforated body with a plurality of directed bores is arranged downstream of the valve seat.
  • the bores begin in an annular groove which is incorporated in the flat side of the perforated body facing the valve seat and open on the other flat side of the perforated body, wherein they are inclined so that the fuel jets emerging have a swirl.
  • the number of the respective bores and their diameter are adapted to the individual setting requirements. No further adjustment of the spray characteristics is provided on the known perforated body, in particular no adaptation to special geometries and flow conditions of the internal combustion engine.
  • a multi-hole injection nozzle for high-pressure injection in diesel engines (GB-A-2034816), which has a curved nozzle head with spray openings of different lengths for generating individual fuel jets.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 offers the advantage of a simple, individual adaptation to the special circumstances of the internal combustion engine.
  • engine-specific peculiarities such as type, flow conditions and operating ranges can already be taken into account during the manufacture of the fuel injector, so that a comparison is also possible within a common production line.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a fuel injection valve provided with the perforated plate
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail from FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale.
  • Various perforated plates are shown in FIGS. 3 to 7, each in a perspective view (a) and in a section (b).
  • a fuel injection valve for example shown in FIG. 1 for a fuel injection system of a mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engine has a valve housing 1 made of ferromagnetic material, in which a magnet coil 3 is arranged on a coil carrier 2.
  • the solenoid 3 has a power supply via a plug connection 4 which is embedded in a plastic ring 5 which partially encompasses the valve housing 1.
  • the coil carrier 2 of the magnet coil 3 is seated in a coil space 6 of the valve housing 1 on a connecting piece 7 which supplies the fuel, for example gasoline, and which projects partially into the valve housing 1.
  • the valve housing 1 partially encloses a nozzle body 9 facing away from the fuel nozzle 7.
  • a cylindrical armature 14 is located between an end face 11 of the connection piece 7 and a stop plate 12, which has a certain thickness and which is placed on an inner shoulder 13 of the valve housing 1, for precise adjustment of the valve.
  • the armature 14 is made of a non-corrosion-sensitive, magnetic material and is located at a small radial distance from a magnetically conductive shoulder of the valve housing 1, thus forming an annular magnetic gap between the armature 14 and shoulder, coaxially in the valve housing 1. From its two end faces is the cylindrical armature 14 with a first 15 and one second 16 coaxial blind bore, the second blind bore 16 opening towards the nozzle body 9. First 15 and second 16 blind holes are connected to one another by a coaxial opening 17.
  • the diameter of the opening 17 is smaller than the diameter of the second blind bore 16.
  • the end section facing the nozzle body 9 the armature 14 is designed as a deformation region 18.
  • This deformation region 18 has the task of positively connecting the armature 14 to the valve needle 27 by gripping around a holding body 28 which forms part of a valve needle 27 and fills the second blind bore 16.
  • the gripping of the holding body 28 by the deformation area 18 of the armature 14 is achieved by pressing material of the deformation area 18 into grooves 29 located on the holding body 28.
  • a compression spring 30 At the bottom of the first coaxial blind bore 15 is a compression spring 30 at one end, which on the other hand rests against a pipe insert 31 fastened in the connecting piece 7 by screwing or caulking and which tends to anchor 14 and valve needle 27 with a force facing away from the connecting piece 7 act upon.
  • the valve needle 27 penetrates a through hole 34 in the stop plate 12 at a radial distance and is guided in a guide hole 35 of the nozzle body 9.
  • a recess 37 leading from the through hole 34 to the circumference of the stop plate 12, the clear width of which is greater than the diameter of the valve needle 27 in its area surrounded by the stop plate 12.
  • the valve needle 27 has two guide sections 39 and 40, which give guidance to the valve needle 27 in the guide bore 35 and also leave an axial passage for the fuel and are designed, for example, as a square.
  • a cylindrical section 43 of smaller diameter adjoins the downstream second guide section 40.
  • a tapered, conical section 44 joins the cylindrical section 43, which ends in a coaxial, preferably cylindrical pin 45.
  • FIG. 2 which shows a detail from FIG. 1, it can be seen that the transition between the cylindrical section 43 and the conical section 44 is rounded - for example in the form of a radius - and forms a sealing section 47 which, in cooperation with a valve seat 48 a tapered valve seat surface 49 of the nozzle body 9 causes the fuel injector to open or close.
  • the tapered valve seat surface 49 of the nozzle body 9 continues in the direction facing away from the armature 14 in a cylindrical nozzle body opening 50, which extends approximately at the same length as the length of the pin 45, so that an annular gap between the cylindrical nozzle body opening 50 and the cylindrical pin 45 constant cross section remains.
  • the transitions between the conical valve seat surface 49 on the one hand and the cylindrical nozzle body opening 50 on the other hand and the conical section 44 of the valve needle 27 on the one hand and the pin 45 on the other hand are rounded in order to ensure a good flow pattern.
  • the end of the nozzle body 9 in the direction facing away from the armature 14 is formed by a flat side 51 which is interrupted by the mouth of the nozzle body opening 50.
  • the length of the pin 45 is dimensioned such that when the fuel injection valve is closed, the pin 45 does not protrude from the nozzle body opening 50, ie the pin 45 ends immediately in front of the plane defined by the flat side 51 of the nozzle body 9.
  • the flat side 51 of the nozzle body 9 is delimited on the inside by the nozzle body opening 50, it can be delimited on the outside by a conical region 52 which widens in the direction facing the armature 14.
  • a perforated body 55 On the flat side 51 of the nozzle body 9 there is a perforated body 55 provided with spray openings 54a, b, for example in the form of a thin plate, which can be completely flat or which, as shown in the drawing, has a raised edge 56 which is approximately the same Contour of the conical area 52 of the nozzle body 9 follows.
  • the edge 56 on the perforated body 55 can be produced, for example, by deep-drawing the perforated body 55.
  • the attachment of the perforated body 55 to the flat side 51 is ensured by a preparation sleeve 58.
  • the perforated body 55 is pressed with a first surface 59 of the perforated body 55 facing the sealing section 47 against the flat side 51 of the nozzle body 9 by a bottom 60 of a coaxial blind bore 61 of the preparation sleeve 58 pressing the perforated body 55 in an outer area on a second side facing away from the sealing section 47 Area 62 captured.
  • the perforated body 55 is thus clamped between the bottom 60 of the blind bore 61 of the processing sleeve 58 and the flat side 51 of the nozzle body 9.
  • the centering of the perforated body 55 is achieved in that the edge 56 of the perforated body 55 bears against the conical region 52 of the nozzle body 9, and the perforated body 55 therefore no longer has any radial play.
  • a particularly good centering of the perforated body 55 can be achieved if the edge 56 of the perforated body 55 widens when it is pushed onto the conical region 52, that is to say a radial clamping is carried out.
  • the clamping of the perforated body 55 on its surfaces 59, 62 between the nozzle body 9 and the processing sleeve 58 is realized by screwing the processing sleeve 58 with an internal thread 64 onto an external thread 65 incorporated on the circumference of the nozzle body 9.
  • the processing sleeve 58 can be caulked in an outer groove 68 of the nozzle body 9 by means of a caulking lug 66.
  • the edge of the processing sleeve 58 facing the anchor 14 is used as the caulking nose 66. For caulking, this is bent inwards into the outer groove 68 of the nozzle body 9.
  • the lateral surface of the blind bore 61 which is formed over almost its entire length by the internal thread 64, extends between the edge forming the caulking lug 66 and the bottom 60 of the processing sleeve 58.
  • Internal thread 64 and external thread 65 are preferably designed as fine threads.
  • the preparation sleeve 58 can at the same time serve to axially secure a sealing ring 69 which radially surrounds the nozzle body 9, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • a reprocessing bore 70 of preferably cylindrical cross section opens coaxially in the bottom 60 of the reprocessing sleeve 58, which on the other hand ends in a sharp reprocessing edge 71.
  • the preparation edge 71 is surrounded by an annular groove 73.
  • the cross section of the annular groove 73 is approximately trapezoidal in the exemplary embodiment shown, ie both an inner wall 74 of the annular groove 73 and an outer wall 75 of the annular groove 73 are oblique.
  • the preparation edge 71 is formed by the acute angle between the inclined inner wall 74 of the annular groove 73 and the preparation bore 70. This angle should be between 10 and 20 °.
  • the outer wall 75 of the annular groove 73 also forms the inner surface a collar 77.
  • the collar 77 represents the part of the fuel injector which protrudes furthest in the direction facing away from the armature 14.
  • the collar 77 surrounds the preparation edge 71 and at the same time protrudes beyond it.
  • the function of the collar 77 is to secure the recessed preparation edge 71 against damage, for example during the assembly of the fuel injection valve on an internal combustion engine.
  • the perforated body 55 is provided with several of the spray openings 54a, b, which are in particular designed as bores and lead from the upstream to the downstream of the perforated body 55.
  • the spray openings 54a, b can all have the same diameter or else a differently large diameter.
  • the spray openings 54a, b are of different lengths and in such a way that the spray openings 54b, depending on the exemplary embodiment, are shorter or longer than the further spray openings 54a.
  • the spray openings 54a, b in the first surface 59 open upstream of the perforated body 55 in the annular space formed between the nozzle body opening 50, the pin 45 and the exposed part of the first surface 59.
  • the further spray openings 54a open onto the exposed part of the second surface 62, which is surrounded by the processing bore 70, while the spray openings 54b open into a shoulder 80, which is offset from the second surface 62 and which extends from the exposed part of the second surface 62 of the perforated body 55 is formed.
  • the shoulder 80 is designed as the bottom of an elongated groove 82 extending perpendicular to the paper plane between the surfaces 59, 62.
  • the spray openings 54a, b have central axes 83a, b, which can be inclined or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fuel injection valve.
  • the inclination of each central axis 83a of the further spray openings 54a with respect to the longitudinal axis of the fuel injection valve can have both a radial and a tangential component.
  • the central axes 83b of the spray openings 54b are shown in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 extending axially.
  • the orientation of the spray openings 54a, b or the position of their central axes 83a, b can be adapted to the respective application.
  • the spray openings 54a, b are aligned so that they hit the hot inlet valve of the internal combustion engine exactly.
  • the spray ports 54a, b can be directed to different intake valves.
  • FIGS. 3 to 7 Some examples of embodiments of the perforated body 55 according to the invention can be found in FIGS. 3 to 7.
  • the edge of the perforated body 55 provided with the reference number 56 in FIG. 2 is not shown in each case.
  • the reference numerals correspond to the reference numerals previously used for components having the same effect.
  • FIGS. 3a, b show the same embodiment of the perforated body 55 as has already been described above.
  • the groove 82 is machined outside the axis of symmetry in the second surface 62 of the perforated body 55, interrupting it. If one imagines the upstream first surface 59 of the perforated body 55 in a first plane 91 and the second, downstream surface 62 in a second plane 92, the flat bottom of the elongated groove 82, which represents the step 80, lies in a third levels 91, 92 parallel and intermediate level 93. While each of the further spray openings 54a ends on the one hand in the first level 91 and on the other hand in the second level 92, each of the spray openings 54b extends from the first level 91 to the shoulder 80 in the third Level 93.
  • the downstream second surface 62 is interrupted by a wedge-shaped incision 95.
  • the shoulder 80 is designed as the bottom of a blind hole 98, which starts from the downstream second surface 62.
  • the spray openings 54b run between the first surface 59 and the shoulder 80.
  • a blind hole 99 is provided, which starts from the upstream first surface 59 and the bottom of which forms the shoulder 80, between which and the second surface 62 the spray openings 54b run.
  • the shoulder 80 can also be formed on an elevation 100 which projects beyond the surfaces 59, 62.
  • the spray openings 54b running between the shoulder 80 or the third plane 93 and one of the surfaces 59, 62 are longer than the further spray openings 54a running between the first surface 59 and the second surface 62.
  • the further spray openings 54a each run between the first surface 59 and the second surface 62.
  • the elevation 100 having the shape of a platform being designed as a separate part and being placed on one of the surfaces 59, 62 of the perforated body 55.
  • the perforated body can be produced by embossing, grinding, turning, Elysier or a similar process, the injection orifices by eroding, punching or drilling (also laser drilling, electron beam drilling).
  • the perforated body 55 can also be formed as a component of the nozzle body 9, for example as a base in the nozzle body 9.
  • the length of the spray orifices determines the pressure drop across them (long spray orifices require a high pressure drop for the same diameter, short spray orifices a low pressure drop), the pressure drop at the respective spray orifice and thus the amount of fuel flowing through can be determined by an appropriately selected position of the heel.
  • the number of spray orifices can be varied or, in the manner described, the flow rate of each spray orifice.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Injecteur de carburant basse pression pour des moteurs à combustion interne, comportant une plaquette perforée (55) prévue en aval du siège de soupape (49) de l'injecteur de carburant et ayant une première surface située dans un premier plan (91) de la plaquette (55) perforée et une seconde surface (62) située dans un second plan (92) de la plaquette perforée (55) ainsi qu'au moins un décrochement (80) situé dans un troisième plan (93) de la plaquette perforée (55), entre l'une et l'autre des surfaces (59, 62) de la plaquette perforée (55), et au moins un orifice d'éjection (54b) qui traverse la plaquette perforée (55), injecteur caractérisé par au moins un autre orifice d'éjection (54a) entre les deux surfaces (59, 62) et cet orifice d'éjection (54a) a une longueur différente de celle de l'orifice d'éjection (54b) comprise entre le décrochement (80) et l'une des surfaces (59, 62).
2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le décrochement (80) est le fond d'une cavité réalisée dans la plaquette perforée (55) entre la première surface (59) et la seconde surface (62).
3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le décrochement (80) est constitué par le fond d'un trou borgne (98, 99).
4. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le décrochement (80) est le fond d'une rainure (82).
5. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le troisième plan (93) fait un certain angle par rapport au premier plan (91) ou au second plan (92).
6. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le décrochement (80) situé dans le troisième plan (93) constitue le fond d'une encoche cunéiforme (95) entre le premier plan (91) et le second plan (92).
7. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le décrochement (80) est réalisé sur un bossage (100).
8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les axes (83a, b) de différents orifices d'éjection (54a, 54b) sont plus ou moins inclinés par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de l'injecteur.
9. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la plaquette perforée (55) est une pièce séparée.
10. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la plaquette perforée (55) fait partie d'un corps (9) de l'injecteur et qui comporte le siège (48) de l'injecteur.
EP19880114577 1987-10-05 1988-09-07 Soupape à injection de combustible Expired - Lifetime EP0310819B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873733604 DE3733604A1 (de) 1987-10-05 1987-10-05 Lochkoerper fuer eine kraftstoffeinspritzventil
DE3733604 1987-10-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0310819A1 EP0310819A1 (fr) 1989-04-12
EP0310819B1 true EP0310819B1 (fr) 1991-09-18

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880114577 Expired - Lifetime EP0310819B1 (fr) 1987-10-05 1988-09-07 Soupape à injection de combustible

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4890794A (fr)
EP (1) EP0310819B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2610961B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR960013110B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR8805099A (fr)
DE (2) DE3733604A1 (fr)

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US4890794A (en) 1990-01-02
KR960013110B1 (ko) 1996-09-30
DE3864967D1 (de) 1991-10-24
KR890006972A (ko) 1989-06-17
DE3733604A1 (de) 1989-04-13
JPH01116280A (ja) 1989-05-09
JP2610961B2 (ja) 1997-05-14
BR8805099A (pt) 1989-05-16
EP0310819A1 (fr) 1989-04-12

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