EP0307538A2 - Foyer de chaudière - Google Patents

Foyer de chaudière Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0307538A2
EP0307538A2 EP88106358A EP88106358A EP0307538A2 EP 0307538 A2 EP0307538 A2 EP 0307538A2 EP 88106358 A EP88106358 A EP 88106358A EP 88106358 A EP88106358 A EP 88106358A EP 0307538 A2 EP0307538 A2 EP 0307538A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
exhaust gas
gas discharge
heat exchange
firing device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88106358A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0307538A3 (fr
Inventor
Georg Pletzer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0307538A2 publication Critical patent/EP0307538A2/fr
Publication of EP0307538A3 publication Critical patent/EP0307538A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C15/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a firing device for a heating system having a water-filled heat exchange container, with at least one combustion chamber for pulsating combustion, in particular liquid fuels, which has an ignition device on the combustion chamber floor for the first ignition of the fuel and which merges into an exhaust gas discharge device opposite the combustion chamber floor, which preferably has at least one Muffler, wherein the combustion chamber is inserted by means of a carrier plate in an opening of the heat exchange container so that it is surrounded by water together with part of the exhaust gas discharge device and a prechamber is located outside the heat exchange container, with supply lines for the fuel and for air, the latter for a discontinuous air supply at the entrance to the pre-chamber has a backflow protection.
  • Such a firing device which, with the exception of a muffler connected to the exhaust pipe, is designed as a hot water generator, is described in US Pat. No. 4,449,484.
  • Examples of further pulsation burners associated with water-filled boilers are shown in DE-B-1253851, EP-A-11457, US-A-2,715,390, US-A-3,267,985, US-A-2,722,180, FR-A-1,023,114 and the AT-B-210050, with the exception of the latter AT-B-210050, in all versions the combustion chamber jacket is in direct contact with the water to be heated. As a result, the combustion chamber remains too cool, which means that the nitrogen oxide content of the exhaust gases is low, but relatively high CO values are achieved.
  • the invention has now set itself the task of a firing device of the type mentioned is known to have a high efficiency, especially to adapt to room or central heating systems of conventional design. Accordingly, low exhaust gas values which meet modern exhaust gas regulations should also be achieved, although not only conventional fuels, in particular heating oils, but also combustible waste materials, such as used oils from the automotive industry, and the like should be combustible.
  • the combustion chamber has a double jacket between which an equalizing gap which is open on the exhaust gas discharge side is provided.
  • the compensating gap not only forms an expansion zone, but also the water layers near the chamber are not evaporated, so that any malfunctions in the heating system are avoided.
  • the inner jacket is made to glow and environmentally friendly exhaust gases with low CO values are achieved.
  • the compensating gap between the inner jacket and the outer jacket is preferably between 0.2 and 2 mm thick.
  • the gap should be so small that the inner jacket can expand and the heat can be transferred to the heat exchange medium. Too large a gap would, on the one hand, reduce the material service life due to the excessive heating and, on the other hand, the nitrogen oxide content of the exhaust gases would be unfavorably high, even though low CO values would also result. If the gap is too small, the combustion chamber remains too cool, which increases the CO values, while the nitrogen oxide content drops. Furthermore, this would lead to the deposition of oil coal and soot on the combustion chamber walls. A favorable compromise is achieved in the specified gap range, ie low carbon monoxide and relatively low nitrogen oxide values with a high proportion of carbon dioxide, as well as from the following Measured value tables can be seen.
  • the inner jacket is thus only connected to the outer jacket on the combustion chamber base side, the combustion chamber base preferably being formed from two spaced-apart base plates, the inner of which forms a heat shield and the outer is connected to the carrier plate. This distance is preferably 8-10 mm. This also keeps the carrier plate relatively cool.
  • the heat shield forms an insertable, hot chamber with the inner jacket, which extends into the exhaust gas discharge device.
  • the hot combustion chamber creates a light blue, transparent flame and thus optimized combustion.
  • the hot heat shield also acts as an evaporator plate for the swirled fuel droplets and possibly forms part of a flame holder.
  • the exhaust gas temperature can be chosen as low as desired.
  • the heat exchange area of the exhaust gas discharge device can also have a length which is substantially greater than the length of the exhaust pipe which causes the periodic oscillating movement in the exhaust gas column at the desired frequency. It is therefore preferably provided that a cross-sectional constricting diaphragm is used in the connecting pipe of the exhaust gas discharge device, which delimits the length of the pulsating exhaust gas column. Mufflers, heat exchangers etc. of any type and size can be connected after this cover without influencing the combustion processes.
  • the length of the pulsating exhaust column between the combustion chamber floor and the cross-sectional constriction in the exhaust pipe or exhaust pipe preferably corresponds approximately to fifteen times the length of the prechamber.
  • Each muffler immersed in the heat exchange medium is preferably of double-walled design, the gap having a width of approximately 2-3 mm. This prevents condensation.
  • the firing device is a prefabricated unit that can be inserted into the boiler or boiler.
  • the firing device with several combustion chambers, the exhaust gas discharge devices of which lead into a common exhaust pipe.
  • a phase shift of the individual combustion chambers is automatically set here, so that there is a more uniform, lower noise development.
  • the latter two versions allow a very large control range for the furnace.
  • the double-jacket combustion chamber with a gap width of 0.3 mm produced the most favorable exhaust gas values.
  • a heat exchange container 1 in the form of a boiler 3 filled with water in a central heating system 4 is cylindrical in shape and closed by an upper end plate.
  • the upper end plate serves as a carrier plate 2 for a firing device with a combustion chamber 5 for pulsating combustion, in particular liquid fuels.
  • the combustion chamber 5 is inserted into an opening of the carrier plate 2 and passes over a conical end section 20 into an end pipe 8.
  • an exhaust gas discharge device 6 As part of an exhaust gas discharge device 6, this is angled several times by the heat exchange Container 1 guided and opens into a double-walled silencer 9, from which an exhaust pipe 7 conducts the combustion gases into the open.
  • the exhaust pipe 7 is provided with a lid flap 38, which avoids a draft and a too rapid cooling of the parked combustion system.
  • a cross-section narrowing diaphragm 37 is inserted, the distance from the combustion chamber 5, the length of the pulsating exhaust gas column can be limited.
  • the combustion chamber 5 is held by means of screws 49 on a closure plate 25 (FIG. 3) and forms a container insert which is fastened to the carrier plate 2 and inserted into the heat exchange container 1. This also makes it possible to convert existing heating systems in a simple manner.
  • a prechamber 10 is also attached on the outside, which is essentially cylindrical and into which the fuel supply line 12, which can be blocked, for example, by means of a solenoid valve, and laterally the air supply line 11 provided with a check valve arrangement 30 open.
  • An intake muffler 14, a blower 15 and control devices and other auxiliary devices complement the combustion device according to the invention to form a construction and assembly unit.
  • the combustion chamber 5 is double-walled, the outer jacket 21 being fastened to the carrier plate 2 by means of the closure plate 25 and merging into the connecting pipe 8 (FIG. 1), while the inner jacket 22 is left unchanged an air gap 23 of preferably 0.3 mm to the outer jacket 21 from the combustion chamber bottom 19 extends over the conical end portion 20 of the combustion chamber 5 into the connecting pipe 8.
  • the combustion chamber floor 19 is also double-walled and has an internal heat shield 24 and the outside of the closure plate 25.
  • the heat shield 24 and the closure plate 25 thus delimit a bottom-side gap 48, which is preferably 10 mm, so that a "hot" inner chamber is created, which is connected to the outer part exclusively by means of the screws 49.
  • the end of the pre-chamber 10 extends through the closure plate 25 as part of a flame holder up to the heat shield 24. This at the same time forms an evaporator plate for the evaporation of the fuel mist, which together with the air in the region of the passage opening into the combustion chamber 5 through the diffuser action of a swirl element 27 is mixed and swirled.
  • the vortex element 27 can be formed, for example, by an aperture inserted into the pre-chamber 10 or an extension 55 of the pre-chamber 10 (FIGS. 3, 4).
  • a spark plug 18 protrudes through the combustion chamber floor 19 (FIG. 3) for the initial ignition of the firing device.
  • the fuel supply line 12 axially entering the prechamber 10 ends in an inflow nozzle 29, through which liquid fuel, at a pressure preferably between 10 and 25 bar, for example heating oils, waste oils, etc., is continuously sprayed into the combustion chamber 5.
  • the inflow nozzle 29 is preferably axially adjustable, as shown in dashed lines, and its foremost position is just behind the swirl element 27, leaving an air passage gap 53.
  • the dimensioning of the air passage gap 53 is also important for the power control of the combustion device, since an almost stoichiometric air-fuel ratio for optimal combustion can be achieved in any position.
  • the change in the air passage gap 53 can now by the mentioned axial adjustment the inflow nozzle 29 take place, it can also be done by changing the opening width of the swirl element 27 if it is designed as an aperture.
  • Fig. 2 shows this schematically, in which the diaphragm is formed by two sliders inserted into recesses 54 of the closure plate 25, which have mutually directed recesses and overlap one another, so that the diaphragm opening formed from the two recesses changes when moved. 4, the adjustment of the vortex element 21 in the extension 55 of the prechamber 10 parallel to the fuel supply line 12 is indicated schematically for the change in the air passage gap 53.
  • an additional annular gap opens (dashed arrows 58).
  • the measures listed for changing the air passage gap 53 can also be provided in combination. Your correct setting contributes to a burn with the blue flame color mentioned.
  • the check valves 30 are provided with V-shaped, preferably slightly convexly curved valve seats 31 (FIG. 2), to which flat valve flaps 32 are attached. Due to the oversized total cross-sectional area, the valve flaps 32 have a small opening angle, so that they are exposed to very low bending stresses.
  • the exhaust gases cooled by the heat exchange with the heating medium of the room or central heating system do not require a chimney, so that the exhaust gas discharge device 6 can be referred to as an exhaust system.
  • the Exhaust gases which pass through one or more, in particular double-walled, silencers 9 can additionally drive a generator via a turbine wheel, which generates the electricity required for the fuel pump, the solenoid valve in the fuel feed line 12 and the air blower required to start the combustion system, so that it is independent of the supply of electrical energy for the auxiliary devices.
  • the electricity generated is stored in an accumulator, for example a motor vehicle battery.
  • This connecting pipe 50 represents a hot gas extraction line which, for example, can form a tubular heating element as an air heating source or, as indicated schematically, as a coiled pipe, for example a hotplate 52.
  • the connecting pipe 50 can be blocked via a valve 51 and leads back into the exhaust pipe 7.
  • This hot gas extraction line can also be used to increase an exhaust gas temperature in the exhaust pipe 7 which may be too low.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
EP88106358A 1985-06-12 1986-06-04 Foyer de chaudière Withdrawn EP0307538A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT174685 1985-06-12
AT1746/85 1985-06-12

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86903107.0 Division 1986-06-04
EP86903107A Division EP0227699B1 (fr) 1985-06-12 1986-06-04 Foyer de chaudiere

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0307538A2 true EP0307538A2 (fr) 1989-03-22
EP0307538A3 EP0307538A3 (fr) 1989-05-10

Family

ID=3520111

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86903107A Expired EP0227699B1 (fr) 1985-06-12 1986-06-04 Foyer de chaudiere
EP88106358A Withdrawn EP0307538A3 (fr) 1985-06-12 1986-06-04 Foyer de chaudière

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86903107A Expired EP0227699B1 (fr) 1985-06-12 1986-06-04 Foyer de chaudiere

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4759312A (fr)
EP (2) EP0227699B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE39746T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3661653D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1986007435A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991002924A1 (fr) * 1989-08-24 1991-03-07 Pulsonex Ab Bruleur pulsatoire
AT398120B (de) * 1991-03-14 1994-09-26 Vaillant Gmbh Von einem gasbrenner beheizter wasserspeicher
DE19681671B4 (de) * 1995-11-29 2008-08-21 Fama Holding Ltd., Vancouver Pulsationsbrenner und Wärmetauscher hierfür
WO2012069155A3 (fr) * 2010-11-23 2012-08-09 Michael Seifert Générateur de vapeur à jet pulsé
DE102007009404B4 (de) * 2007-02-23 2012-11-29 Georg Pletzer Feuerungseinrichtung

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01306705A (ja) * 1988-06-04 1989-12-11 Paloma Ind Ltd パルス燃焼器
EP0347834B1 (fr) * 1988-06-21 1993-05-12 Walter Dreizler Tête de brûleur pour brûleur à gaz à soufflage
JPH0656246B2 (ja) * 1988-11-10 1994-07-27 パロマ工業株式会社 パルス燃焼器及びパルス燃焼式液体加熱装置
DE3839861A1 (de) * 1988-11-25 1990-05-31 Rudi Pedersen Heizanlage
DE3842457A1 (de) * 1988-12-16 1990-06-21 Werner Pletzer Feuerungseinrichtung zur pulsierenden verbrennung gasfoermiger brennstoffe
NL8901416A (nl) * 1989-06-05 1991-01-02 Stichting Impuls Brander voor pulserende verbranding.
US5090891A (en) * 1989-06-26 1992-02-25 Indugas, Inc. Hybrid combustion device and system therefor
US4959009A (en) * 1989-06-26 1990-09-25 Indugas, Inc. Pulse burner and method of operation
GB9013154D0 (en) * 1990-06-13 1990-08-01 Chato John D Improvements in pulsating combustors
US5282457A (en) * 1992-12-01 1994-02-01 Combustion Concepts, Inc. High efficiency gas furnace
US5636786A (en) * 1992-12-01 1997-06-10 Combustion Concepts, Inc. High efficiency gas furnace
US5472141A (en) * 1992-12-01 1995-12-05 Combustion Concepts, Inc. High efficiency gas furnace
WO2000012934A1 (fr) 1998-08-31 2000-03-09 Clean Energy Combustion Systems Inc. Chambre de combustion circulaire a pulsation
US6325616B1 (en) 2000-04-03 2001-12-04 John D. Chato Pulsating combustion unit with interior having constant cross-section
US8052418B2 (en) 2008-09-05 2011-11-08 Energy Efficiency Solutions, Llc Oil burning system
US20220026059A1 (en) * 2018-12-06 2022-01-27 IIgiz Yamilev Pulsating combustion device with improved energy conversion efficiency and reduced noise level
US11255540B2 (en) * 2019-06-20 2022-02-22 Catherine J. Chagnot Crude and waste oil burner
RU2734669C1 (ru) * 2020-01-14 2020-10-21 Общество с Ограниченной Ответственностью "Научно-Производственное Предприятие "Авиагаз-Союз+" Блок подогрева технологического газа
US20230358398A1 (en) * 2020-01-27 2023-11-09 Ilgiz Amirovich YAMILEV Pulse combustion apparatus with vibration damping
RU2745230C1 (ru) * 2020-06-29 2021-03-22 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Газпром трансгаз Казань" Теплогенератор пульсирующего горения
RU2767121C1 (ru) * 2021-03-22 2022-03-16 Мусрет Османович Намазов Проточный котёл пульсирующего горения
RU2760606C1 (ru) * 2021-04-05 2021-11-29 Общество с Ограниченной Ответственностью "Научно-Производственное Предприятие "Авиагаз-Союз+" Теплогенератор пульсирующего горения

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1023114A (fr) * 1950-08-08 1953-03-13 Snecma Perfectionnements aux chaudières
US2722180A (en) * 1950-05-12 1955-11-01 Oran T Mcilvaine Fuel burners
GB780148A (en) * 1954-11-15 1957-07-31 Heizmotoren Gmbh Improvements in or relating to oscillating column combustion apparatus
GB1006553A (en) * 1961-09-04 1965-10-06 Schmitz & Apelt Industrieofenb Heating apparatus using gaseous or liquid fuels, especially fuel oil
DE1922650A1 (de) * 1969-05-03 1971-12-23 Huber Dr Ing Ludwig Aufheizgeraet fuer Fluessigkeiten
US3669079A (en) * 1970-08-06 1972-06-13 Robert B Black Water heater
US4271789A (en) * 1971-10-26 1981-06-09 Black Robert B Energy conversion system
WO1982002242A1 (fr) * 1980-12-22 1982-07-08 Davis Robert E Ameliorations apportees a la combustion par pulsation
US4433645A (en) * 1981-05-20 1984-02-28 Hunter Investment Company Heat exchanger

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GB386908A (en) * 1932-08-16 1933-01-26 Marco Barbera Improvements in impulse and reaction engines
US2715390A (en) * 1950-07-18 1955-08-16 Tenney Resonant intermittent combustion heater and system
US2729939A (en) * 1952-06-09 1956-01-10 Lawrence F Campbell Ribless pulse jet valve grid
DE1253851B (de) * 1955-12-16 1967-11-09 Gustavsbergs Fabriker Ab Einrichtung an einem Heizkessel mit einer mit pulsierender Verbrennung arbeitenden Brennkammer
NL144383B (nl) * 1962-05-18 1974-12-16 Olsson Karl Boerje Brander voor pulserende verbranding van een brandstof-luchtmengsel.
US3267985A (en) * 1964-03-12 1966-08-23 John A Kitchen Pulse combustion apparatus
FR1547310A (fr) * 1966-12-24 1968-11-22 Junkers & Co Installation de brûleur à combustion pulsatoire
DE2120749C3 (de) * 1971-04-28 1980-09-04 Motan Gmbh, 7972 Isny Sprüh- oder Nebelgerät
SE361522B (fr) * 1972-04-04 1973-11-05 K B Olsson
SE422990B (sv) * 1980-08-12 1982-04-05 Mareck Bv Brenslekammare for pulserande forbrenning
US4488865A (en) * 1980-12-22 1984-12-18 Arkansas Patents, Inc. Pulsing combustion
SE435098B (sv) * 1982-12-30 1984-09-03 Mareck Bv Backventil i luftinloppet till en pulsbrennare

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2722180A (en) * 1950-05-12 1955-11-01 Oran T Mcilvaine Fuel burners
FR1023114A (fr) * 1950-08-08 1953-03-13 Snecma Perfectionnements aux chaudières
GB780148A (en) * 1954-11-15 1957-07-31 Heizmotoren Gmbh Improvements in or relating to oscillating column combustion apparatus
GB1006553A (en) * 1961-09-04 1965-10-06 Schmitz & Apelt Industrieofenb Heating apparatus using gaseous or liquid fuels, especially fuel oil
DE1922650A1 (de) * 1969-05-03 1971-12-23 Huber Dr Ing Ludwig Aufheizgeraet fuer Fluessigkeiten
US3669079A (en) * 1970-08-06 1972-06-13 Robert B Black Water heater
US4271789A (en) * 1971-10-26 1981-06-09 Black Robert B Energy conversion system
WO1982002242A1 (fr) * 1980-12-22 1982-07-08 Davis Robert E Ameliorations apportees a la combustion par pulsation
US4433645A (en) * 1981-05-20 1984-02-28 Hunter Investment Company Heat exchanger

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991002924A1 (fr) * 1989-08-24 1991-03-07 Pulsonex Ab Bruleur pulsatoire
AT398120B (de) * 1991-03-14 1994-09-26 Vaillant Gmbh Von einem gasbrenner beheizter wasserspeicher
DE19681671B4 (de) * 1995-11-29 2008-08-21 Fama Holding Ltd., Vancouver Pulsationsbrenner und Wärmetauscher hierfür
DE102007009404B4 (de) * 2007-02-23 2012-11-29 Georg Pletzer Feuerungseinrichtung
WO2012069155A3 (fr) * 2010-11-23 2012-08-09 Michael Seifert Générateur de vapeur à jet pulsé

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0227699B1 (fr) 1989-01-04
EP0227699A1 (fr) 1987-07-08
WO1986007435A1 (fr) 1986-12-18
DE3661653D1 (en) 1989-02-09
EP0307538A3 (fr) 1989-05-10
US4759312A (en) 1988-07-26
ATE39746T1 (de) 1989-01-15

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