Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
  • C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D215/20—Oxygen atoms
  • C07D215/22—Oxygen atoms attached in position 2 or 4
  • C07D215/227—Oxygen atoms attached in position 2 or 4 only one oxygen atom which is attached in position 2
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
  • A61P11/08—Bronchodilators
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
  • C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
  • C07D209/30—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
  • C07D209/32—Oxygen atoms
  • C07D209/34—Oxygen atoms in position 2
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
  • C07D209/96—Spiro-condensed ring systems
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
  • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D413/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
  • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D417/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
  • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
  • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D495/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D495/10—Spiro-condensed systems

Definitions

• This invention relates to compounds having pharmacological activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, processes for their preparation, and their use as active therapeutic agents, particularly in the treatment of acute or chronic heart disease.
• EP-A-0052442 discloses phenyl-thiadiazinone, oxadiazinone or triazinone derivatives which are phosphodiesterase inhibitors and are said to possess cardiotonic properties. There is no disclosure in this document of the derivatives having the property of increasing the sensitivity of myocardial contractile proteins to calcium, which is believed to be an additional, useful mechanism of action for cardiotonic agents.
• R1 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or CH2OR6;
• R2 is hydrogen or lower alkyl;
• R3 is hydrogen or lower alkyl;
• R5 is C1 ⁇ 3 alkyl, C1 ⁇ 3 alkylthio or C1 ⁇ 3 alkoxy; or together R4 and R5 form a 3 to 6 membered carbocyclic ring, or a heterocyclic ring containing one or two ring oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur atoms, or R4 and R5 together form an oxo or methylene group;
• each of R x and R y is hydrogen or C1 ⁇ 3 alkyl;
• n is zero or
• n is zero and/or X is oxygen and/or A is sulphur.
• R4 and R5 form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring
• the ring may be saturated or unsaturated and substituted or unsubstituted.
• suitable substituents include one or more oxo groups.
• lower alkyl' and 'lower alkoxy' are used herein to mean straight or branched chain alkyl and alkoxy groups having up to 6, preferably up to 4, carbon atoms.
• 'aryl' is used herein to include carbocyclic aromatic groups, preferably having single or fused rings with 6 to 12 ring carbon atoms. Examples are phenyl and substituted phenyl.
• 'aralkyl' is used herein to include carbocyclic aromatic groups linked to an alkylene group which suitably contains from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
• the alkylene group may itself be optionally substituted by, for example, a further aryl group. Examples are benzyl and substituted benzyl.
• heteroaryl is used herein to include single or fused ring systems having 5 to 12 ring atoms, and comprising up to four hetero-atoms in the or each ring selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur.
• An example of heteroaryl is pyridyl.
• R1 to R7 substituents may be listed as follows: R1 is hydrogen or methyl; R2 is hydrogen or methyl; R3 is hydrogen or methyl; R4 is hydrogen, methyl, methylthio, hydroxy, methoxy or ethoxy; R5 is methyl, methylthio, methoxy or ethoxy; or R4 and R5 together are oxo, ethylenedithio, propylenedithio, propylenethio, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, or imidazolidine-dione.
• R6 is hydrogen, methyl, acetyl, aminocarbonyl, benzoyl, p-nitrobenzoyl, p-aminobenzoyl, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl, pyridylcarbonyl, benzylcarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, phenyloxycarbonyl or 2,4-dioxo-1,3-diphenyl butyl; and R7 is hydrogen or methyl.
• each of R x and R y is hydrogen.
• Particular compounds of the invention are 1,3-dihydro-5-(3,6-dihydro-2-oxo-2H-1,3,4-thiadiazin-5-­yl)-3-methyl-3-methylthio-2H-indol-2-one; 1,3-dihydro-5-(3,6-dihydro-2-oxo-2H-1,3,4-thiadiazin-5-­yl)-3,3-dimethyl-2H-indol-2-one; 1,3-dihydro-5-(3,6-dihydro-6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-1,3,4-­thiadiazin-5-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-2H-indol-2-one; 1,3-dihydro-5-(3,6-dihydro-2-oxo-2H-1,3,4-thiadiazin-5-­yl)-3-methyl-2H-indol-2-one; 1,3-dihydro-5-(3,6-dihydro-2-oxo-2H
• the compounds of the invention have two potential chiral centres at the R4/R5 and R1/R2 substituted positions, and can therefore exist in more than one stereoisomeric form.
• the invention extends to all such forms and to mixtures thereof, including all enantiomers, diastereomers, and racemates.
• the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (I), include acid addition salts with conventional acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, boric, phosphoric, sulphuric and pharmaceutically acceptable organic acids such as acetic, tartaric, maleic, citric, succinic, benzoic, ascorbic, methanesulphonic, ⁇ -keto-glutaric, ⁇ -glycerophosphoric, and glucose-1-phosphoric acids.
• the acid addition salt is a hydrochloride.
• the compounds of the formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts may also form solvates with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents, and such solvates are included with the expression 'a compound of formula (I)' used herein.
• Salts of the compounds of the formula (I) which are not pharmaceutically acceptable may be useful as intermediates in the preparation of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of the formula (I) or the compounds of the formula (I) themselves, and as such form an aspect of the present invention.
• the compounds of formula (I) in which A is sulphur may be prepared by treating a compound of formula (II) in which R1, R2, R6, R7, W and Z are as defined in formula (I), and Y is a leaving group, with a compound of formula (III) in which R3 and X are as defined in formula (I), and R a is an alkyl group, preferably C1 ⁇ 6 alkyl, for example methyl or ethyl, or an ammonium or alkali metal ion, and thereafter optionally converting a compound wherein X is oxygen to a compound wherein X is sulphur by, for example, treatment with Lawessons reagent, and thereafter if desired converting a compound of formula (I) thereby produced to a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or to a further compound of formula I.
• Y is preferably a halogen atom, an alkanesulphonyloxy group (such as methylsulphonyloxy) or arylsulphonyloxy (such as benzenesulphonyloxy or p-toluenesulphonyloxy).
• the reaction is preferably carried out in an organic solvent, for example ethanol, acetonitrile or dimethylformamide, at between room temperature and the boiling point of the solvent.
• organic solvent for example ethanol, acetonitrile or dimethylformamide
• the compounds of formula (I) in which A is oxygen may be prepared by cyclising a compound of formula (IV): in which R1, R2, R6, R7, X, W and Z are as defined in formula (I), and R8 is an alkyl group, preferably C1 ⁇ 6 alkyl such as methyl or ethyl.
• the cyclisation may be carried out in the presence of a base, such as sodium ethoxide, in a diluent or solvent, such as ethanol, at about ambient temperature.
• the compounds of formula (I) in which A is -NH- may be prepared by treating a compound of formula (V): in which R1, R2, R6, R7, X, W and Z are as defined in formula (I) and R8 is as defined in formula (IV), with a compound of formula (VI): H2N-NH-R3 (VI) in which R3 is as defined in formula (I).
• the reaction may be carried out in a diluent or solvent, such as ethanol, suitably at a temperature up to the boiling point of the diluent or solvent.
• a diluent or solvent such as ethanol
• the compounds of formula (I) may be converted into pharmaceutically acceptable salts in conventional manner by, for example, treatment with an appropriate acid.
• compounds of formula (I) in which R6 is lower alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, aralkylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl or aryloxycarbonyl may be prepared by treating the corresponding compound of formula (I) in which R6 is hydrogen, with an acid chloride of formula R6-Hal, where Hal is halogen, preferably chlorine.
• compounds of formula (I) in which R4 and R5 together form a heterocyclic ring containing two sulphur atoms may be prepared by treating the corresponding compound of formula (I) in which R4 and R5 together form an oxo group, with an alkanedithiol.
• the compounds of formula (II) may themselves be prepared by treating a compound of formula (VII): in which R1, R2, R6, R7, W and Z are as defined in formula (I), with a compound containing the leaving group Y or, when Y is a halogen, with halogen itself.
• Y is halogen, it is preferably bromine or chlorine.
• This Scheme may be used for preparing compounds of formula (VII) in which R4 or R5 is C1 ⁇ 3 alkylthio and n is zero, and is exemplified by R4 as methyl, and R5 as methylthio.
• This scheme is suitable for preparing compounds in which one or both of R4 and R5 are C1 ⁇ 3 alkyl, or R4 and R5 together form a ring as defined in formula (II), and n is zero, and is exemplified by R4 and R5 as methyl.
• the compounds of formulae (III) are also known compounds, or are preparable in analogous manner to the known compounds of formula (III).
• Compounds of formula (IV) may be prepared by treating a compound of formula (VIII): in which R1, R2, R6, R7, W and Z are as defined in formula (I), with an alkyl carbazate of formula (IX): in which X, R3 and R8 are as defined in formula (IV).
• Compounds of formula (V) may be prepared by treating a compound of formula (X): in which R1, R2, R6, R7, W and Z are as defined in formula (I), with a compound of formula (XI): Cl- -OR8 (XI) in which X and R8 are as defined in formula (IV).
• Compounds of formula (X) may themselves be prepared by treating a compound of formula (II) with sodium azide, and reducing the thus formed azide with hydrogen in the presence of a palladium/charcoal catalyst.
• the invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• compositions are prepared by admixture and are suitably adapted for oral or parenteral administration, and as such may be in the form of tablets, capsules, oral liquid preparations, powders, granules, lozenges, reconstitutable powders, injectable and infusable solutions or suspensions or suppositories.
• Orally administrable compositions are preferred, in particular shaped oral compositions, since they are more convenient for general use.
• Tablets and capsules for oral administration are usually presented in a unit dose, and contain conventional excipients such as binding agents, fillers, diluents, tabletting agents, lubricants, disintegrants, colourants, flavourings, and wetting agents.
• the tablets may be coated according to well known methods in the art.
• Suitable fillers for use include cellulose, mannitol, lactose and other similar agents.
• Suitable disintegrants include starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone and starch derivatives such as sodium starch glycollate.
• Suitable lubricants include, for example, magnesium stearate.
• Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable wetting agents include sodium lauryl sulphate.
• solid oral compositions may be prepared by conventional methods of blending, filling, tabletting or the like. Repeated blending operations may be used to distribute the active agent throughout those compositions employing large quantities of fillers. Such operations are, of course, conventional in the art.
• Oral liquid preparations may be in the form of, for example, aqueous or oily suspensions, solutions, emulsions, syrups, or elixirs, or may be presented as a dry product for reconstitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use.
• Such liquid preparations may contain conventional additives such as suspending agents, for example sorbitol, syrup, methyl cellulose, gelatin, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, aluminium stearate gel or hydrogenated edible fats, emulsifying agents, for example lecithin, sorbitan monooleate, or acacia; non-aqueous vehicles (which may include edible oils), for example, almond oil, fractionated coconut oil, oily esters such as esters of glycerine, propylene glycol, or ethyl alcohol; preservatives, for example methyl or propyl p -hydroxybenzoate or sorbic acid, and if desired conventional flavouring or colouring agents.
• suspending agents for example sorbitol, syrup, methyl cellulose, gelatin, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, aluminium stearate gel or hydrogenated edible fats, emulsifying agents, for example lecithin, sorbitan monoole
• fluid unit dose forms are prepared containing a compound of the present invention and a sterile vehicle.
• the compound depending on the vehicle and the concentration, can be either suspended or dissolved.
• Parenteral solutions are normally prepared by dissolving the compound in a vehicle and filter sterilising before filling into a suitable vial or ampoule and sealing.
• adjuvants such as a local anaesthetic, preservatives and buffering agents are also dissolved in the vehicle.
• the composition can be frozen after filling into the vial and the water removed under vacuum.
• Parenteral suspensions are prepared in substantially the same manner except that the compound is suspended in the vehicle instead of being dissolved and sterilised by exposure to ethylene oxide before suspending in the sterile vehicle.
• a surfactant or wetting agent is included in the composition to facilitate uniform distribution of the compound of the invention.
• compositions may contain further active agents such as vasodilator agents and diuretics.
• compositions will usually be accompanied by written or printed directions for use in the medical treatment concerned.
• the invention further provides a method of treatment or prophylaxis of heart disease or asthmatic conditions in mammals, such as humans, which comprises the administration of an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to the sufferer.
• a unit dose will normally contain 1 to 100 mg for example 2 to 50 mg, of the compound of the invention.
• Unit doses will normally be administered once or more than once a day, for example 2,3,4,5 or 6 times a day, more usually 2 to 4 times a day, such that the total daily dose is normally in the range, for a 70 kg adult of 1.0 to 2500 mg, more usually 50 to 2000 mg, for example 10 to 75 mg, that is in the range of approximately 0.002 to 35 mg/kg/day, more usually 1 to 30 mg/kg/day, for example 0.15 to 1 mg/kg/day.
• a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as an active therapeutic substance, and in particular for the treatment of heart disease or asthmatic conditions.
• the invention provides the use of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically aceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of heart disease or asthmatic conditions.
• 0.131g sodium hydride from a 55% dispersion in mineral oil was added during 0.5 hr to a solution of 0.921g of 1,3-­dihydro-5-(3,6-dihydro-2-oxo-2H-1,3,4-thiadiazin-5-yl)-­3-methyl-3-methylthio-2H-indol-2-one (compound of Example 1) in 25ml DMF at 5°C.
• the mixture was stirred for 0.5 hr at 5°C then 0.5 hr at 20°C and cooled at 5°C.
• 0.215ml of acetyl chloride in 1ml DMF was added dropwise under stirring.
• IR (KBr) ⁇ 3,200; 1,710; 1,645; 1,615; 1,495; 1,272 cm ⁇ 1.
• IR (KBr) ⁇ 3,400; 3,325; 3,050; 2,950; 1,760; 1,690; 1,635; 1,618; 1,350; 1,305 cm ⁇ 1.
• a sodium ethylate solution prepared from 1.72g sodium and 50ml ethanol was added dropwise to a suspension of 2.55g ethyl 2-[1-(2-hydroxy-propyliden)-1-(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxo-1H-­indol-5-yl)]hydrazinecarboxylate (D30) in 50ml ethanol.
• D30 ethyl 2-[1-(2-hydroxy-propyliden)-1-(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxo-1H-­indol-5-yl)]hydrazinecarboxylate
• Cardiac myofibrils free of membrane contaminants were prepared from left ventricular tissue of dog hearts using a modification of the method described by SOLARO et al , Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 245 , 259-262, (1971). Before centrifugation, the heart homogenate was filtered through gauze.
• the myofibrillar fraction was washed once by resuspension and centrifugation in 10 volumes of 1 mM EGTA, 60ml KCl, 30 mM imidazole, 2 mM MgCl2, pH 7.0. The pellet was then washed three times in 10 volumes of the same buffer without EGTA. Before the last centrifugation, the suspension of myofibrils was filtered through a stainless steel sieve with 0.25 mm meshes.
• Myofibrils were kept in pellet overnight. Before use, the pellet was suspended in a small amount of buffer, the protein concentration was determined by the method of BRADFORD M., Anal. Biochem., 1976, 72 , 248 and adjusted in order to have a concentration between 6 and 7mg/ml.
• Ca++-dependent myfibrillar ATPase activity was determined at 21°C, pH 7.0, by measuring the rate of release of inorganic phosphate. All assays were performed within 24hrs. of final purification, using the method described by SOLARO and RUEGG, CIRC. RES., 51 , 290-4 (1982). Reaction mixtures (4ml) containing 0.6 - 0.7 mg/ml myofibrillar protein, 80mM KCl, 20 mM imidazole, 3 mM MgCl2, 1 mM EGTA, the desired amount of CaCl2, and the indicated concentration of drug or appropriate vehicle were preincubated for 6 min. prior to assay. The amount of CaCl2 was varied between 0 and 0.9 mM and the pCa (-log free Ca++) computed using 2.514 x 106 M ⁇ 1 as the apparent affinity of Ca++ for EGTA at pH 7.0.
• the colour reagent was prepared by mixing an equal volume of solution (1) and (2) 15 min. before the assay. For the assay, 1700 ⁇ l of 1% H2SO4 and 1 ml of colour reagent were added to 100 ⁇ l of sample. Colour development occurred at room temperature for 30 min. and was quenched by the addition of 200 ⁇ l of 1 M tri-potassium citrate. The absorbance was measured at 620 millimicrons.
• Measured parameters were : first derivative of left ventricular pressure, (dP/dt, mmHg/sec); heart rate (HR, beats/min.). A control period recording of 90 min. was made with the dogs placed in a quiet room, the recording being made outside. Compounds to be tested were administered orally in gelatin capsules and the parameters measured for 5 hrs. at least.

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• 1988
  • 1988-08-05 EP EP19880307281 patent/EP0303418A3/de not_active Ceased
  • 1988-08-09 AU AU20566/88A patent/AU2056688A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1988-08-09 PT PT88224A patent/PT88224B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1988-08-09 DK DK445288A patent/DK445288A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1988-08-09 US US07/230,314 patent/US4933336A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1988-08-10 JP JP63198136A patent/JPH01110681A/ja active Pending
  • 1988-08-11 KR KR1019880010261A patent/KR890003751A/ko not_active Withdrawn

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