EP0296546B1 - Spinning machine producing yarn from staple fibre sliver - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a spinning machine according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a method and device for attaching a reserve sliver to a production sliver according to the preamble of claims 7, 10 and 17, 21.

The spinning machines of this type known today have the disadvantage that when the original, which can be fiber sliver to be removed from a can or fiber sliver supplied from a reel, is used up, the insertion of a new package, ie a full can or a full reel, and the insertion of the ribbon or fuse in the spinning position, time consuming is. The resulting standstill of the spinning station or the entire spinning machine entails considerable costs. The downtimes could be eliminated to a certain extent by the provision of operating personnel who would be ready at any time to change immediately when a pack that has become empty is displayed. However, this would also result in high costs. Furthermore, manual turning of the feed, as is common today and practiced, is often undesirable for quality reasons, since it is almost always associated with a thread break or a thick point in the yarn. This applies especially to the processing processes in which the yarn packages are woven or knitted directly on the loom or knitting machine without any further rewinding operation.

In the case of ring spinning machines, empty roving bobbins must be replaced by full ones. In the event of a wild change, there is a need for the operator to stop the spindle, thread the end of the roving or the sliver from the new or reserve spool into the drafting system, to wait a certain time until this tail end has passed through the drafting system, to start the spindle again, to start and to keep an eye out for further leaking fuses. When changing the block, the operator will usually tear off the current fuse and connect it to the new fuse. This also requires concentrated work for a short period of time.

The aim of the present invention is to remedy this situation, at least partially, inexpensively and by starting when changing the bobbin structurally simple and reliable way to automate, so that less operating personnel is necessary and unproductive spinning positions and work tips can be avoided. This aim is achieved by the characterizing features of claims 1, 7 and 10, 17 and 21.

The invention enables an automatic introduction of a reserve or readiness template into the spinning process when the template on the spinning machine has been used up without any noticeable loss of time, so that the spinning machine without noticeable loss of time, i.e. can continue to work immediately after the designated machine or switch has inserted the reserve template. This loss of time corresponds in terms of magnitude to the time required for the automatic removal of a thread break in the known spinning machines. For the subsequent, manual or mechanical replacement of the empty pack, there is a period of time, that is to say a great deal of time, until the reserve or pack introduced into production becomes empty. This is particularly valuable in automatic machines because it means that only a small number of operating personnel is required. This way of working allows e.g. the implementation of long, low-operator night shifts, in which the operating personnel only have to perform monitoring functions, i.e. does not perceive any direct interventions in the work process.

If the insertion of the reserve fuse, especially with ring spinning machines, is to be done by hand, there is a long time available for this activity, so that no work peaks should arise.

The operating personnel has no further tasks to do in relation to the setting of the reserve fuse. A reliable way is given by turning the match ends to be connected or by simultaneously pressing the reserve match to the production match and the division, ie. Clamping or cutting the production fuse at another section. The device consists of only a few parts, which has a cost-effective effect. Although mechanical sliver rotating means would be conceivable, according to claim 8 only air is required. According to claim 9, it is advantageous if the production fuse is monitored automatically instead of by the operating personnel. Through the proposal according to claim 12, the consumable air can escape faster. On the one hand, the end of the reserve fuse can be held and, on the other hand, the separated fuse element can be removed directly without causing any damage. Without additional devices, the second section of the reserve fuse can be brought into the path of the production fuse, simply by using the drafting system. According to the feature of claim 23, the functional reliability of the method or the device can be increased considerably. An additional increase in functional reliability is achieved with the feature according to claim 24. The feature according to claim 26 means that the production fuse and the reserve fuse in the standby position cannot hinder each other. The feature according to claim 27 allows the number of device parts to be reduced.

The invention is mainly for spinning on the The basis of the ring spinning machines, the rotor and friction processes and the air jet spinning are an advantage.

From the German patent DE 26 14 182 a feed device for open-end spinning units is known, in which an inlet funnel can be moved by means of a slide rod and in this way out of its position in front of a feed roller, in which it is in its working position, through an opening and can be moved back into its working position through this opening. This is for the purpose of facilitating threading into the funnel. There is in no way a connection with the present invention.

German Offenlegungsschrift 25 13 692 and Swiss Patent 562 337 relate to open-end spinning devices in which two or more fiber slivers are simultaneously fed to an opening roller consisting of several hoppers (compressors) for the purpose of mixing the fibers of the majority of the slivers with one another. These publications also have no ideas common to the present invention.

The Swiss patent 383 228 relates to strip processing spinning machines, such as draw frames and the like. A sliver drawn from a can is passed between a fixed roller and a spring-loaded roller. As soon as this tape runs out, these rollers close an electrical circuit and a reserve tape lying on a rod is drawn into an electrical winding so that the reserve tape falls between the conical tips of the feed rollers.

With this device it is very important that the end of the reserve belt is properly placed on the rod so that the belt can be drawn into the feed rollers. However, there is no precise location of the slivers. In addition, the proposed solution is very specifically suitable for draw frames and is not readily transferable to spinning machines.

Fig. 1

ein Querschnitt eines Beispiels eines erfindungsgemässen Spinnaggregats,

Fig. 2

eine Ansicht der Vorrichtung der Fig. 1, gemäss den letzteren von links gesehen,

Fig. 3

ein Querschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 4

eine Ansicht der Ausführungsform der Fig. 3, von oben gesehen,

Fig. 5

ein Querschnitt durch eine noch weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 6

eine Ansicht derselben, gemäss Fig. 5 von links gesehen. Fig. 5 ist ein Schnitt längs der Linie V-V der Fig. 6,

Fig. 7

eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform mit einem Streckwerk, zum Ringspinnen,

Fig. 8

eine Ansicht der Speiseorgane der Fig. 7, in Richtung des Pfeils A gesehen und

Fig. 9

eine der Erklärung der Wirkungsweise einer besonderen Ausführungsform dienende Darstellung,

Fig. 10

eine schematisch dargestellte Ansetzvorrichtung im Schnitt

Fig. 11 bis 14

aus der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 10 herausgelöste, die Verfahrensschritte verdeutlichende Luntenteile im grösseren Massstab,

Fig. 15A

eine Längsseitenansicht einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung,

Fig. 15B

eine graphische Darstellung der Zugfestigkeitswerte der Lunte und der Zugkräfte auf die Lunte in verschiedenen Bereichen der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 15A,

Fig. 16A,B,C,D

das Verfahren erläuternde Schnitte entlang der Linie I - I in Fig. 15A und

Fig. 17A,B,C,D

das Verfahren ebenfalls erläuternde Schnitte entlang der Linie II - II in in Fig. 15A.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of exemplary embodiments and the drawing. In the latter is:

Fig. 1

2 shows a cross section of an example of a spinning unit according to the invention,

Fig. 2

2 shows a view of the device of FIG. 1, seen from the left in accordance with the latter,

Fig. 3

3 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 4

3, seen from above,

Fig. 5

3 shows a cross section through a still further embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 6

a view of the same, seen from FIG. 5 from the left. Fig. 5 is a section along the line VV of Fig. 6,

Fig. 7

1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment with a drafting system, for ring spinning,

Fig. 8

a view of the feed organs of FIG. 7, seen in the direction of arrow A and

Fig. 9

a representation serving to explain the mode of operation of a particular embodiment,

Fig. 10

a schematically illustrated attachment device in section

11 to 14

10, on the larger scale, detached parts of the slub which illustrate the method steps,

Figure 15A

2 shows a longitudinal side view of a device according to the invention,

Figure 15B

15A shows a graphical representation of the tensile strength values of the fuse and the tensile forces on the fuse in different areas of the device according to FIG. 15A,

16A, B, C, D

the process explanatory sections along the line I - I in Fig. 15A and

17A, B, C, D

the method also explanatory sections along the line II - II in Fig. 15A.

1 and 2, a sliver 11 forming a template is passed through a channel 12 of a feed member 13. The exit point of the channel 12 is in the immediate vicinity of a feed roller 14, i.e. directly in front of the converging space in front of the feed roller 14. Together with a clamping desk 15, this serves to transport the fiber sliver 11 to a dissolving roller 16 forming a draft element. A fiber guide channel 17 serves to pass on the fibers, which have been broken up by means of the roller 16, to a rotation-imparting member or spinning rotor, not shown. In this example, the feed element 13 and the terminal 15 form a fixed unit.

There are also a second feed element 19 with a second channel 18 and a second terminal 20. In channel 18 is a further template, not drawn sliver held. The units 19, 20 are held together with the units 13, 15 by an annular body 21 and carried by a shaft 23 which can be pivoted about the axis 22. 1 and 2, the feed member 13 is in the operating position and the feed member 19 in the standby position. The explanation of this designation follows in the further course of the description.

The units 13, 15 and 19, 20 are fixed to the shaft 23. Their pivoting movements are generated by correspondingly driving the shaft 23. The pivots take place by 180, each of the feed organs 13, 19 alternately in the Betriebsbzw. Ready position reached. The sliver 11 is taken from a sliver-containing production package or production jug, not shown, and pulled through the feed member 13 located in the operating position. In addition, a second sliver of fiber, not shown, supplied by a standby can, not shown, serving as a standby pack, is passed through the channel 18 and held therein.

For monitoring the sliver 11, i.e. A monitoring device 24 serves to determine the presence of the same and, if appropriate, to generate a signal in the absence thereof.

The units 13, 15 and 19, 20 can also be displaced in the direction parallel to the axis 22, to the left according to FIG. 1, by means of measures not shown and can thus be retracted into the position indicated by dash-dotted lines and can be pushed back into the starting position drawn with solid lines.

During the operation of the spinning unit 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and between the feed roller 14 and the clamping desk 15, fiber sliver is continuously moved, which sliver is removed from the production package and fed via the feed member 13 to the opening roller 16 working as a delay member. The organ 13 is thus in the operating phase shown in an operating position. If the sliver of the production pack has been used up sufficiently, the monitoring device 24 supplies a signal by which the units 13, 15 and 19, 20 are withdrawn in a first step in the direction parallel to the axis 22 (to the left according to FIG. 1). The shaft 23 is then pivoted through 180 in a second step. Finally, in a third step, the units 13, 15 and 19, 20 are advanced again parallel to the axis 22 (to the right in FIG. 1), so that their positions are now interchanged with respect to their starting positions. Thus, the feed member 13 is now in a standby position and the feed member 19 is in the operating position. Thus, if the production package is empty, the band held in channel 18 is automatically introduced into the company. It is removed from the pack, which was previously the stand-by can and now forms the production can after changing the feed organs 13, 19. This new belt is picked up by the feed roller 14 and fed to the opening roller 16. This changing process takes up little time, which is of the order of magnitude of the time required for the automatic removal of a thread break. The empty jug occasionally comes back replaced by a full can and the beginning of the band of this full can through the channel 12 to be held in this. This full or second can now forms the ready pot. There is a lot of time (in the order of several hours) to replace the empty jug with a full one. If the second can has also become empty during the operation of the spinning machine, the described process is repeated again. The units 12, 13, 15 and 18, 19, 20 again come into the positions shown in FIG. 1.

3 and 4, in which Fig. 3 is a step along the line III ... III, again two feed elements 13, 19 with the channels 12 and 18 are provided. They are made from a single piece and can be moved parallel to the side surfaces of a clamping console 25. The feed member 13 is in the operating position and the feed member 19 is in the standby position. The sliver located in a production pack is fed to the feed member 13 and the sliver in a standby pack is fed to the feed member 19. The feed organs 13 and 19 are arranged directly and with minimal space on one side surface of the terminal desk 25. The latter has two inlet zones 26, which are advantageously curved downwards towards their free ends in order to ensure that fiber sliver ends hanging out on the outlet side of the channels 12, 18 are guided.

Above the clamping desk 25 there is a feed roller 14 which, together with the desk 25, is used to move one of the ones guided through the channel 12 in FIG. 4 sliver 11, not shown, is used for an opening roller 16. The clamping desk 25 is biased against the feed roller 14 by means of an elastic member, for example a spring 27. As in the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, according to the example of FIGS. 3 and 4, the sliver is broken up into fibers by the opening roller 16 during operation, which fibers are transported into a spinning rotor, not shown.

As soon as the sliver taken from the production package is used up in the company, i.e. if a corresponding surveillance organ indicates the absence of such, the feed organs 13, 19 are moved in such a way that the feed organ 19 reaches the operating position and the feed organ 13 reaches the position 35 shown in broken lines, which is a standby position for the organ 13. The fiber sliver held by the channel 18 and supplied by the standby or second can is thus detected, possibly with the aid of a conveyor device (not shown) within the feed element, and the spinning process continues after a brief interruption. Thereupon, the original production package, which is now empty, must be replaced by a new one, and the sliver present in this new package must be introduced into the channel 12 and held in it. A very long period of time is available to carry out these latter two steps.

After the sliver removed from the original standby can has been used up, the organs 13, 19 are in turn returned to their drawn, original position. After the second blank Kanne is replaced by a full, the beginning of the sliver to be removed from the latter must be inserted into and held in the channel 18.

In comparison with the example of FIGS. 1 and 2 it can be seen that in the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4 only a longitudinal movement of the units 12, 13 and 18, 19 is necessary for a band change, while in the example described first a retraction -, A pivoting movement and a forward movement of the units 13, 15 and 19, 20 take place.

There is the possibility, by modifying the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, of eliminating the retracting movement into the position shown in dash-dot lines and the subsequent forward movement. This is the case in an embodiment in which the clamping desk 15 is separated from the organ 13 along the surface given by the straight line 28 and perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and is biased against the feed roller 14 by an elastic means (not shown) and in which the clamping desk is also present 20 along the surface given by the straight line 29 and perpendicular to the plane of the drawing is separated from the feed element 18 and omitted. Under these conditions, the attachment of a new sliver only requires a pivoting of the units 12, 13 and 18, 19 and 180 degrees, the withdrawing and forward movements being no longer necessary.

It can be seen that the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 with the retraction and forward movement of the units 12, 13, 15 and 18, 19 20 has the advantages that between the feed organs 13 and 19 and there is no gap or space in the clamping consoles 15 or 20 in which fibers could get caught. In addition, in this embodiment, the guidance to the nip point of the feed roller 14 and the nip 15 mediated by the channels 12 and 18 is shorter than in the embodiment with the separated, non-pivotable desk 15.

On the other hand, the embodiment of FIGS. 3, 4 and the embodiment according to FIGS. 1, 2, which is marked with the omission of the bracket 20 and has a non-pivoting bracket 15, has the advantages that a constant, mutual adjustment of the desk 15 and 25 is always the same Roller 14 is present. The conditions for the tape feed to the opening roller thus always remain constant. They are independent of which of the feed organs 13, 18 is in the operating position. This ensures a constant thread quality. In addition, as already mentioned, the retraction movement shown in broken lines in FIG. 1 is not necessary. This means a reduction in the time required for changing the belt and a simpler construction of the spinning unit. Depending on the circumstances, one or the other embodiment will be preferred.

The example in FIGS. 5, 6 in turn has two feed organs 13, 19 provided with channels 12 and 18, respectively. Of these, the organ 13 is in an operating position and the organ 19 in a standby position. From each of a production and standby pack, again not shown, is removed and inserted into the channels 12 and 18, respectively for the sake of clarity, only the bank 11 carried through the channel 12 is drawn in FIG. 5. The feed element 13 located in the operating position is in turn assembled with a clamping desk 15. The feed member 19 also forms a fixed unit with a terminal desk not visible in FIG. 5. The clamping desk 15, which is in the operating position, works together with a feed roller 14 in order to feed fiber sliver to an opening roller 16, not shown in FIG. 6, during operation. The feed organs 13, 19 are located on a swivel body 30.

This body 30 is pivotable about a shaft 31 in a position shown in dash-dotted lines in FIG. 6 'for the purpose of bringing the feed organs 13, 19 optionally into their operating and ready positions. The body 30 can also be tilted together with the shaft 31 about the axis of a further shaft 32 into the position 30˝ shown in broken lines in FIG. The execution of swiveling movements around the axis 31 can be carried out, for example, by means of a threaded spindle, i.e. a rotatable worm 33 and a worm wheel 34 driven thereby.

In the operation of the embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6, sliver is continuously moved through the feed roller 14 between it and the clamping desk 15 and conveyed to the opening roller 16. When this template, which is taken from a production can not shown, is used up, a signal causes the body 30 to tilt about the axis of the shaft 32 into its position 30 seine shown in FIG. 5. Then there is a pivoting of the body 30 into its position shown in dashed lines in Fig. 6 30 ', which is caused by the driven screw 33 is effected. As a result, the feed member 19, in the channel 18 of which the beginning of the sliver present in a ready pack is already inserted, moves from its ready position into its operating position. The body 30 is then tilted back into its original position about the axis of the shaft 32, as a result of which a clamping desk belonging to the feed element 19 interacts with the feed roller 14. During this movement, the feed member 13 is moved into its standby position, shown in broken lines in FIG. 6. A new sliver is thus attached to the feed roller 14.

The change described requires little time, so that the spinning process continues after a very brief interruption. To replace the original production can, which is now empty, there is, on the other hand, a period of time that meets all requirements.

When the sliver of the original stand-by can has been used up, there is again a tilting around the axis of the shaft 32, a pivoting around the shaft 31 into the starting position shown in solid lines in FIG. 6, and a tilting back around the shaft 32, whereby the feed organ 13 in turn reaches the operating position for supplying the feed roller 14.

In an analogous manner, as was carried out with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, it is also possible in this exemplary embodiment to mount the clamping desk 15 separately from the body 30 and in continuous contact directly next to the feed roller 14. In this case the tilting movements taking place about the axis of the shaft 32 are not required.

So far, the application of the invention has been explained using open-end spinning. It can be seen from the following that when the invention is used in ring spinning machines, the advantages obtained are analogous to those in open-end spinning.

In the case of a ring spinning arrangement according to FIGS. 7 and 8, a feed member 36 is provided for a template which is only shown in FIG. 7 and is formed by a fuse 37. The organ 36 is in its operating position. A second feed organ 38 is in its standby position. The feed organs 36, 38 are held by a carrier plate 39. Both have a channel 40 through which a template is drawn. Furthermore, drive rollers 41, 42, 43 and pressure rollers 44, 45, 46 biased against one of the same are provided. The rollers 41 and 44 are rotatable about the axes 51 and 52 shown in FIG. 8. The rollers 42 and 45 serve to drive the aprons 47 of a double apron drafting system. The drafting zone or drafting element shown is the pre-drafting zone between the rollers 41, 44 and 42, 45 and the main drafting zone between the rollers 42, 45 and 43, 46.

The rotation of a spindle 48 operating as a rotation-imparting element causes the fiber material emerging from the rollers 43, 46 to twist, that is to say the formation of a thread, and a rotation of a runner 49 around the spindle 48 and thus, with the formation of a balloon 50, the winding of the thread onto it Spindle 48. The carrier plate 39 together with the feed elements 36, 38 can be displaced parallel to the axes 51, 52, with either the feed element 36 or the feed element 38 coming to rest in the operating position via the pressure roller 44.

In the operation of the spinning unit shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, existing material is drawn off from a package, not shown, formed by a spool of fiber sliver, stretched in the drafting device 41 to 47, and the thread subsequently formed is wound onto the spindle 48. In order to keep the interruption in operation caused by the running out of a bobbin briefly in this spinning process as well, the previous exemplary embodiments are used.

A spinning unit is assigned two sliver coils, the fuse of the first coil (feed coil) being inserted into the feed element 36 in the operating position and the fuse of the second coil (standby coil) into the feed element 38 which is in the standby position. As soon as the feed coil has been used up, analogously to the example of FIGS. 3 and 4, after a corresponding control by a signal from a monitoring organ, the feed organ 36 is moved into the standby position shown in phantom in FIG. 8 and at the same time the feed organ 38 is moved into the operating position, so that spinning will resume fully automatically. If the two feeding organs continue to work together with an additional (not shown), known device for the automatic connection of the fuses, for example by turning or splicing, it can then be useful to carry out the spinning operation without any To continue the interruption, provided, however, that the connection operation was carried out with the necessary care so that there was no thread breakage and no impermissible thick or thin spots in the yarn. You then have a large amount of time to replace the sleeve of the original feed coil with a full coil.

As is known, there is often only a limited amount of space available for spinning machines for the packages (cans, spools). Placing the ready templates can therefore be difficult.

An arrangement that takes up little space is obtained in one embodiment of the present invention, in which a single standby template is provided for every two adjacent spinning units. To explain the operation of such an embodiment, reference is made to FIG. 9. This shows a spool 54 assigned to a first of two adjacent spinning units and a spool 55 assigned to the second of these adjacent spinning units. In addition, a standby or reserve spool 56 is provided. The fuse of the coil 54 is guided to a feed element 57 and the fuse of the standby coil 56 to a feed element 58. The organ 57 is in the operating position and the organ 58 in its standby position. The standby position for the organ 57 is designated 59.

The second spinning unit comprises feed organs 60, 61, of which the organ 60 is in its operating position and the organ 61 is in its standby position located. The standby position of the organ 60 is denoted by 62. The fuse of the coil 55 is attached to the organ 60. In the working phase according to FIG. 9a, no fuse is attached to the organ 61.

For the operation of the arrangement, the spool 54 is half used up at the start of the spinning process. This is indicated by the indication "1/2". The coil 55 is, as indicated by the indication "2/2", fully wound with a fuse. The standby template in the standby position is fully wound and serves as a reserve spool 56, which is expressed by "R".

During the spinning process, sliver strips are drawn off from the coils 54, 55 which are in the operating position. When on each of the coils 54, 55 half of the amount of sliver corresponding to a full coil is used up, the coil 54 is empty. As a result, the first spinning unit comprising the feed elements 57, 58 is automatically switched off and the double feed element 57, 58 is actuated, as a result of which the element 57 is moved into the ready position 59 and the element 58 into the operating position. After resuming the spinning process, fuses are now removed from the spools 56 and 55. When these spools have used up the amount of sliver corresponding to half of a full spool, the spool 54 is empty and must be replaced by a full spool, which now functions as a standby pack or reserve spool 63. In addition, the fuse of the newly installed reserve spool 63 must be attached to the feed organ 61. After this has been carried out, the relationships shown in FIG. 9b are present.

As the spinning process continues, the bobbin 55 is used up, whereupon the second spinning unit comprising the feed elements 60, 61 is switched off and the double feed element 60, 61 is actuated. The organ 61 thus arrives in the operating position and the organ 60 in the standby position 62. After the spinning process has subsequently started again, the now empty spool 55 must be replaced by a full spool 64, which now forms a ready-to-use pack, and its fuse to the feed organ 57 can be applied. The resulting state is shown in Fig. 9c.

It can be seen that the newly added pack or reserve spool is connected with each change to the standby position of the double feed element to which a production pack is attached which has a template corresponding to half of a full production pack.

The change of the packs shown in FIG. 9 was carried out using an example of a ring spinning machine with fuses wound into spools. It should be mentioned in this connection that the same procedure can be followed when using cans filled with fiber tapes, the packages being formed by (full, half-full or empty) cans instead of by spools.

In a spinning machine operating according to FIGS. 1 to 6, there is a very long period of time available for replacing an empty package with a full package, so that the period of time is only half as long as in the example of FIG. 9 The case is still a lot of time and thus there is still an advantageous embodiment. This is the case because cans obviously have a large time span because of their size and because the comparatively slower ring spinning process is equivalent to an extension of the time span. Therefore, the present invention according to the embodiment of FIG. 9 still has the advantage of a reduced space requirement for the packs.

The attachment device shown in FIG. 10 has a block 102 with a lower part 103 and an upper part 104 which is always closely fitting thereon. Channels 106, 107 are located in the upper part 104 and channels 108, 109 in the lower part 103, all of which open into an intersection area 111 located in the lower part 103 and are thus all connected to one another. A production slab 113 with a Z rotation moving in the direction of the arrow 112 is drawn off by feed rollers 114, 115 of a drafting unit 116 from a production spool 118, the production sliver 113 passing through the production sliver inlet channel 106 and through the production sliver outlet channel 108; this represents the operating position. From a reserve spool 119, a reserve fuse 120, likewise with a Z rotation, is guided manually or mechanically through the reserve bottom entry channel 107 and the reserve bottom exit channel 109 until the end of the reserve fuse 120 is just visible. This is the standby position. An air suction nozzle 123 in the channel 109 holds the reserve fuse 120 tight, but is not absolutely necessary since the hanging fuse 120 remains stationary even without the air suction nozzle 123. It is also possible to dispense with a clamping means 124 provided in front of the channel 107.

A monitoring means 130, for example an optical sensor, monitors the production spool 118 and, when the stock is at a minimum, ie when the spool 118 is soon to be empty, sends a signal to an inlet valve 131 which first removes air from an air source 132 and an air line 135 in the duct 108 and an air line 136 in the channel 107. The air lines 135, 136 open tangentially into the relevant, opposite channels 108, 107, so that the supplied air gives a first sliver portion 113.1, 120.1 a twisting force. The lines 135, 136 are drawn obliquely to the axes of the channels 107, 108, although they can also run at right angles to them. By turning the first sliver section 113.1, 120.1, a twist is automatically created in a second, adjoining sliver section 113.2, 120.2 (FIG. 11). As soon as the fiber path in the second sliver section 113.2, 120.2 runs parallel, at most a few seconds after the air supply into the channels 135, 136, the time-controlled inlet valve 131 guides air by means of a pressure surge for the purpose of separating the sliver of an air line 137 in the channel 106 and an air line 138 in the channel 106 opposite channel 109 to. The air from the lines 137, 138 hits the fuses 113, 120 in the second match section 113.2, 120.2 obliquely according to the dash line 139, so that the excess match part 113.3 is blown upward out of the channel 106 and at the same time a beard is formed at the free end of the second match section 113.2 arises. Likewise, the separated, unnecessary sliver part 120.3 becomes blown at the bottom and sucked off by the air suction nozzle 123, a beard also forming at the end of the second sliver section 120.2 (FIG. 12). Only then is the air supply to lines 135, 136 suddenly interrupted. So that this air can escape even faster, a lockable, perforated air outlet opening 141 is provided in the intersection area 111, which is opened at this moment. During the closing and the separation, the running production line 113 is held by the production spool 118 and the drafting system 116. In the presence of the clamping means 124 and the air suction nozzle 123, somewhat better results have been achieved. The clamping means 124 also serves to limit the area of rotation in the reserve fuse 120.

As soon as the tightening force has been released, the match end section 113.1, 113.2 and likewise the match end section 120.1, 120.2 will relax again, whereby they open again according to the arrows 143. As a result, the bent second sliver sections 113.2, 120.2 are also stretched in accordance with the arrows 144. By correctly dimensioning the intersection area 111, through the course of the channels 106, 107, 108, 109 and through the axial movement of the fuse 113, the fuse end sections are brought together and connected by impact and swirling (FIG. 13). Good results have been achieved with the same and uniform diameter of all channels 106, 107, 108, 109, which should be about two to three times as large as the lunar diameter, ie between 5 and 8 mm. The air pressure was about 4 bar. The tensile strength of the joint 146 need not be optimal; it is sufficient if the reserve fuse 120 is detected by the drafting system 116 and withstands the forces in the balloon. Also, in ring spinning machines, thickening of the joint 146 is not necessarily a disadvantage because these are cut out on the winding machine. After the fuses 113 and 120 have been connected, the upper part 104 is rotated about an axis 148 which is normal to the lower part 103, so that the reserve sub-entry channel 107 now becomes the production sub-entry duct 106, as a result of which the reserve sub-assembly 120 now comes into the operating position which passes through the channels 106 and 108 is formed (Fig. 14). A block 102 is provided at each spinning station of the ring spinning machine.

15A shows a piecing device with a purely mechanical mode of operation. A housing 202, preferably fastened to the drafting mechanism or to the traversing rod, is arranged immediately in front of a pair of intake rollers 203 of a drafting system and has a continuous elongated hole 204 and an open, on the longitudinal side of the housing, into which The longitudinal slot 205 which opens into the elongated hole 204 and extends over the entire length. The upper, smooth, rounded end 206 from the elongated hole 204 determines or limits the path of the production cable 208 upwards, which production cable 208 is, quite conventionally, from the feed roller pair 203 to a production roving or sliver coil 209 extends. A sliding plate 212 is arranged in the lower region of the elongated hole 204 and can slide at right angles or normal to the upper end 206. Reference number 214 denotes a pressing area of the housing 202 opposite the pair of feed rollers 203, and the straight, upper narrow side 215 of the slide plate 212 and the upper end 206 of the elongated hole 204 in parallel. In the part of the housing 202 facing away from the feed roller pair 203, the reference number 217 denotes a clamping area and in this clamping area 217 a clamping body 219 is laterally attached to the sliding plate 212.

While a production sliver 208 is drawn off from the roving bobbin 209 by means of the feed roller pair 203 and in the operating position the housing passes from its production sliver entry point 220 to its production sliver exit point 221, a reserve slub 223 is moved manually or by a gripper of an operating device by parallel displacement through the longitudinal slot 205 onto the upper narrow side 215 placed. Of course, the gripper, not shown, can also pull through the reserve fuse 223 from a reserve fuse entry point 224 over the length of the housing in accordance with an axial movement. The insertion position is shown in FIGS. 15A, 16A and 17A. In the pressing area 214, a spacer, a leaf spring 226, is arranged in a recess 227 and fastened to the housing 202. The leaf spring 226 bridges the width 228 of the elongated hole 204 and, with its flat section, defines or delimits the path of the production sliver downward, thereby simultaneously keeping the production sliver 208 and the reserve sliver 223 at a distance. The reserve fuse 223 also lies in the clamping area 217 on the upper narrow side 215, the reserve fuse 223 lying in a bulge or indentation of the clamp body 219. Another, less suitable version consists of extending the reserve fuse 223 over the length, ie. in the longitudinal direction of the housing 202, to hold the clamping body on a projecting tab 229 and to connect the clamping body 219 directly to the upper narrow side 215 without bulging. However, a clamping body 219 with bulge is shown and the reference number 229 here represents a stop that is not absolutely necessary. FIGS. 16B and 17B show the standby position 223 in the ready position, the sliding plate 212 being raised or displaced such that it is in the pressing area 214 bridges the longitudinal slot 205, so that an end section 223.1 of the reserve fuse 223 is held between the upper narrow side 215, the leaf spring 226 over its length and the housing part located above the longitudinal slot 205.

If a monitoring device 232, for example an optical sensor, detects a minimum amount of roving on the production roving spool 209, the sliding plate 212 is activated, as a result of which it is brought into the coupling position (FIGS. 16C, 17C). As a result, the sliding plate 212 will remove the leaf spring 226 from the width 228 of the elongated hole 204 or push it to the other side, and the end section 223.1 of the reserve fuse 223 will be brought into the path of the production fuse 208 and pressed against a first section 208.1 of the production fuse 208, such that that the reserve fuse 223 adheres to the current fuse 200, is carried along by the fuse 208 and is drawn in by the pair of feed rollers 203, a thickening of the bond in the two grooves 208, 223 being accepted. At the same time, the clamping body 219 is also brought by the sliding plate 212 in the direction of the upper end 206, that a second section 208.2 of the production lead 208 is clamped between the clamping body 219 and the upper end 206 and is thereby stopped. The distance 234 between the pressing area 214 and the clamping area 217 represents the predetermined breaking area and within this distance 234 the production fuse 208 breaks or divides. The reserve fuse is instead taken along by the feed roller pair 203 and becomes the new production fuse.

After a required time, the sliding plate 212 is brought back into its starting position corresponding to the insertion position according to FIGS. 16A, 17A. A second section 223.2 of the reserve match 223, which is adjacent to or adjacent to the end section 223.1 of the reserve match 223, is tightened by means of the tightening caused by the pair of draw-in rollers, the reserve match 22 located between the pair of draw-in rolls 203 and the reserve prewar spool, which has now become the new production match, via a slope 236 drawn in the indentation on the clamping body 219 according to an arrow 237 into the original path of the former production lead 208 and against the upper end 206 of the elongated hole 204 (FIG. 17D). So that the automatic tightening into the production slit entry point 220 can be accomplished, the longitudinal slot 205 is given a larger width 238 over a length overlapping the clamping area 217.

In order to increase the functional reliability of the method and to ensure that the fuse actually breaks within the distance 234 or the predetermined breaking area 234, additional measures should preferably be taken 15B, which are explained with reference to FIG. 15B, which figure shows the graphical curve of the tensile force A drawn in dash-dot lines on the fuse and the tensile strength B of the fuse (ordinate) over the distance (abscissa) between the clamping point 240 of the feed roller pair 203 and the clamping region 217. The greatest relative tensile strength can be given to the fuse via the distance 241 between the clamping point 240 of the pair of feed rollers 203 and the pressing area 214, by selecting this distance 241 to be smaller than half the average fiber length, preferably as small as possible. If the fuse breaks or tears here, most of the individual fibers have to be torn. By pressing the reserve fuse 223 against the production fuse 208 in the pressing area 214, the tensile strength B of both fuses is increased, but is increasingly reduced due to the greater distance compared to the distance 241. Due to the friction between the fuses 208, 223 and the housing parts, the tensile force A on the fuse decreases linearly. The appropriate coefficients of friction can be determined by simple tests by selecting the material to be used and the surface properties. The predetermined breaking area 234 between the pressing area 214 and the clamping area 217 should have a distance which is greater than the mean fiber length. As a result, the individual fibers, which are no longer pressed against each other, do not have to be torn, but slide off one another. In the predetermined breaking area 234, the tensile strength value B of the fuse 208 is therefore below the tensile force value A on the fuse 208. The fuse 208 should, if possible, be in the distance region or predetermined breaking area 234 without contact with the upper end 206 of the elongated hole 204, i.e. move outdoors so that uncertainties from contact can be avoided. The elongated hole 204 therefore has a larger width 242, at least in the distance region 234. In the embodiment according to FIG. 15A, this enlarged width 242 extends to the production line entry point 220.

In order to place the housing 202 as close as possible to the feed roller pair 203, the housing 202 can be arranged tilted upwards such that both rollers of the feed roller pair 203 are approximately the same distance from a beveled surface 244 at the production sliver exit point 221.

The advantage of a sliver break as a result of an indirect division in the predetermined breaking area 234 is that a beard is formed on the separate parts of the production sliver 208, so that the connection point has a gradual thickening. Tests have shown that there are no thread breaks between the drafting system and the spindle if the spindle speed is briefly reduced to 12000 rpm.

Another possibility of dividing the production lead 208 is to attach a severing means, for example a knife 248, to the upper end of the clamping body 219, which has only been shown in broken lines in FIGS. 15A and 17A. The reference numerals 219 and 248 together are referred to as dividing bodies. The severing, ie. a direct division occurs at the same time as it is pressed, but can take place a little earlier. In this case, the distance 234 can be reduced to zero, so that the division area 234, 217 practically shrinks to the area 217. Experiments with this type of severing, however, require the spindle speed to be reduced to approximately 2000 rpm, which is related to the absence of a beard and, consequently, to the sudden thickening of the joint.

A further possibility of dividing the production line 208 directly would be to use a drivable milling cutter as the dividing means instead of a knife 248 with the purpose of producing a beard by rubbing through. Such an attachment device is already somewhat complicated, since a flight suction device may also have to be provided.

Instead of mechanical clamping of the production lead 208, clamping by air would also be conceivable. This would require an air duct opening into the elongated hole 204 through the upper narrow side of the housing 202 in the clamping area 217. The production lead 208 can be held or clamped by a clamping body containing a suction air nozzle.

Of course, it is also possible to let the production line 208 run out and determine the end of it locally by means of a monitoring means, for example an optical sensor, at a suitable point upstream of the attachment device. This monitoring means then gives a signal, whereupon the sliding plate 212 moves upwards. By local investigation the length of the end section of the production line can be precisely determined by the running speed of the production line and by the point in time at which the sliding plate 212 begins to move. In this case, the entire length of the reserve fuse in the attachment device can be brought to the line of the production fuse at once.

As already mentioned, the present invention serves, in particular, for the automatic insertion of a new template when the template which is in operation has been used up. However, it is also of great advantage in the event of a break in the template in the spinning process. In the case of such a device, the device according to the invention also immediately changes the feed element in the ready position into the operating position in the manner described, whereupon the spinning process continues, possibly after a brief interruption.

Claims (29)

1. A spinning machine producing yarns from draftable staple fibre feed (11; 37; 113, 208), in which the feed reaches spinning aggregates from packages, which aggregates comprise a feed member (13, 19, 36, 38, 106, 202), a drafting member (16, 41....47, 116, 203) and a twist producing member (48), characterized in that a production and standby feed (11; 37; 113; 120; 208, 223) is provided for each spinning aggregate at least temporarily and that two feed members (13, 19; 36, 38; 57, 58; 106, 107; 220, 224) for feeding every one of the feeds (11; 37; 113, 120, 208, 223) and means (24, 130; 232) for monitoring the production feed are present, that the feed member (13; 36; 57; 106; 220) used for feeding the production feed (11; 37; 113; 208) is in an operating position and that the feed member (19; 38; 58; 107; 224) used for feeding the standby feed is in a standby position and that means (23; 33, 34; 104; 236, 238) are provided for changing the feed members (13, 19; 36, 38; 57, 58; 106, 107; 220, 224) between the operating and standby position depending on the presence of a feed (11, 37, 113, 208) extending from the production feed package to the feed member (13, 36, 57, 106, 220) being in the operating position.
2. A spinning machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the two feed members (13, 19; 36, 38) are formed by a body which is jointly movable in a straight line with said members and by whose displacement the feed members (13, 19; 36, 38) alternatingly reach an operating and two standby positions (Figs. 3, 4; 7, 8).
3. A spinning machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the two feed members (13, 19; 106, 107) are attached to a joint swivellable body (21, 30, 104) and that they are alternatingly swivellable into an operating position and standby position (Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 10) by swivelling movements of the body (21, 30, 104) occurring about the axis (22, 148).
4. A spinning machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the exit position of a feed duct (12) for the feed (11) in the feed member (13) which is in its operating position (13) is situated directly in front of the converging chamber in front of a feed cylinder (14) and that the distance of said feed member (13) from the feed roller (14) is changeable by the movement of the body (21, 30).
5. A spinning machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that if two spinning aggregates are present, each with a production feed (54, 55), a pair of feed members (57, 58; 60, 61) and with a single standby feed (56), the standby feed (56) is pieced to the standby position of the pair of feed members (57, 58) during the start of a spinning process after a package change, to which a production package (54) is connected which is equivalent to half a package of the standby feed (56), whereby the production package (55) pieced to the feed member (60) in the operating position of the other pair of members is equivalent to that of the standby package (56).
6. A spinning machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the feed members (13, 19) cooperate with an apparatus for the automatic connection of the feed (11), in particular by twisting or splicing thereof, so that the end of the exiting feed is automatically joined to the beginning of the new feed.
7. A method for piecing a reserve slubbing to a production slubbing in a textile machine, in particular a ring spinning machine, with the production slubbing (113) being brought to an operating position, characterized in that in a first step the reserve slubbing (120) is brought to a standby position (107) and that in a second step both slubbings (113, 120) are provided with a twisting force in a first slubbing section (113.1, 120.1), whereupon a second slubbing section (113.2, 120.2), adjacent to the first slubbing section, is provided with a parallel course of the fibres (Fig. 11), and that in a third step both slubbings (113, 120) are parted in two slubbing sections and that in a fourth step the twisting force is instantly stopped, thus leading to the untwisting of the two slubbing end sections (113.1, 113.2; 120.1, 120.2), during which both slubbing end sections are brought together again, whereupon they unite, and that in a fifth step the pieced reserve slubbing is brought into the operating position.
8. A method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the twisting and the parting of the two slubbings are made by means of air.
9. A method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the production slubbing is monitored and that when the minimum supply is reached, a signal initiates the process steps starting from the application of the twisting force.
10. An apparatus for carrying out the method as claimed in claim 7, characterized by a means (130) for monitoring the production bobbin (118), the production slubbing (113), a lower part (103) with two slubbing outlet ducts (108, 109) and a rotatable upper part (104) adjacent thereto and comprising two slubbing inlet ducts (106, 107), whereby all ducts open out into a crossing area (111) in the lower part, one slubbing twisting means each in a slubbing inlet duct (107) provided for the reserve slubbing (120) and in an opposite slubbing outlet duct (108) provided for the production slubbing (113), and one slubbing parting means in the other slubbing inlet duct (106) as well as in the opposing slubbing outlet duct (109).
11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the slubbing twisting means and the slubbing parting means are formed by air conduits (135, 136; 137, 138) and that the air conduits (135, 136) for twisting the slubbing open out tangentially into the respective ducts (108, 107).
12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that a closable air discharge opening (141) is provided in the crossing area (111).
13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that an air suction nozzle (123) is provided in the reserve slubbing outlet duct (109).
14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that a nipping means (124) is provided in front of the slubbing inlet duct (107) provided for the reserve slubbing (120).
15. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that a monitoring means (130) is provided for the production slubbing supply, which means is in connection with the slubbing parting means and the slubbing twisting means.
16. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the ducts are provided with an even diameter which is two to three times that of the slubbing diameter.
17. A method for piecing a reserve slubbing (223) to a production slubbing (208) in a textile machine, in particular a ring spinning machine, whereby the production slubbing is brought to an operating position, characterized in that in a first step the reserve slubbing is brought to a standby position (Figs. 16B, 17B), and that in second step the end section (223.1) of the reserve slubbing is brought into the path of the production slubbing and pressed against a first section (208.1) of the production slubbing and that the production slubbing is parted substantially simultaneously (Figs. 16C, 17C), and that in a third step a second section (223.2) of the reserve slubbing adjacent to the end section is brought into the path of the production slubbing (Fig. 17D).
18. A method as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that a second section (208.2) of the production slubbing is nipped and thus indirectly parted.
19. A method as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that the end section (223.1) of the reserve slubbing is kept in the standby position.
20. A method as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that the second section of the reserve slubbing in the third process step is produced by tautening the reserve slubbing.
21. An apparatus for carrying out the method as claimed in claim 17, with a drafting arrangement comprising a pair of drawing-in rollers (203), characterized by a means (232) for monitoring the production bobbin (209) of the production slubbing (208), a casing (202) with an oblong hole (204) whose upper end determines the path of the production slubbing (208) and in whose lower area there is disposed a sliding plate (212) which is slidable normal to the upper end for receiving and displacing the reserve slubbing, and with an open longitudinal slot (205) opening out into the oblong hole, whereby the part of the casing opposite of the pair of drawing-in rollers comprises a press-on zone (214) and the part of the casing averted from the pair of drawing-in rollers comprises a parting zone (234, 217) as well as a parting body (219, 248) which is situated in the parting zone and cooperates with the sliding plate for parting the production slubbing.
22. An apparatus as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that the parting zone comprises a nip zone distanced from the press-on zone and that the parting body is a nip body (219) situated in the nip zone for the indirect parting of the production slubbing.
23. An apparatus as claimed in claim 22, characterized in that the distance (234) between the press-on zone and the nip zone is larger than the mean fibre length and that the distance (241) between the nip point (240) of the pair of drawing-in rollers and the press-on zone is smaller than half the mean fibre length.
24. An apparatus as claimed in claim 23, characterized in that the oblong hole has a larger width (242) at least in the distance zone (234) between the nip zone and the press-on zone.
25. An apparatus as claimed in claim 21, characterized that the longitudinal slot has a larger width (238) throughout the part which overlaps the parting zone.
26. An apparatus as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that a removable distancing means (226) is provided in the press-on zone.
27. An apparatus as claimed in claim 26, characterized in that the distancing means is arranged as a fixing means for the reserve slubbing.
28. An apparatus as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that the parting body is attached laterally to the sliding plate.
29. A method for piecing a reserve slubbing (223) on the exiting end of a production slubbing (208) in a textile machine, in particular a ring spinning machine, whereby the production slubbing is brought into an operating position, characterized in that in a first step the reserve slubbing is brought to a standby position (Figs. 16B, 17B), and that in a second step the reserve slubbing is brought into the path of the production slubbing and that the end section (223.1) of the reserve slubbing is pressed against the exiting end section of the production slubbing, whereby the second process step is initiated by a monitoring means for determining the location of the production slubbing end.

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