EP0292580B1 - Heizkessel - Google Patents

Heizkessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0292580B1
EP0292580B1 EP87107258A EP87107258A EP0292580B1 EP 0292580 B1 EP0292580 B1 EP 0292580B1 EP 87107258 A EP87107258 A EP 87107258A EP 87107258 A EP87107258 A EP 87107258A EP 0292580 B1 EP0292580 B1 EP 0292580B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
region
water chamber
flue gas
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87107258A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0292580A1 (de
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PC Patentconsult AG
Original Assignee
PC Patentconsult AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PC Patentconsult AG filed Critical PC Patentconsult AG
Priority to AT87107258T priority Critical patent/ATE58428T1/de
Priority to ES87107258T priority patent/ES2019601B3/es
Priority to DE8787107258T priority patent/DE3766246D1/de
Priority to EP87107258A priority patent/EP0292580B1/de
Priority to DK271988A priority patent/DK166230C/da
Publication of EP0292580A1 publication Critical patent/EP0292580A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0292580B1 publication Critical patent/EP0292580B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an oil or gas-fired boiler with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the combustion chamber has a first zone - flame formation zone - and a second zone - flame burnout zone - axially one behind the other in the flame propagation direction.
  • the first zone is dominated by the flue gas duct surrounding it or additional insulation high temperatures, which cause a large formation of nitrogen oxide.
  • a boiler of the type mentioned is to be made available, which works in a compact size, simple manufacture and maintenance with small exhaust gas losses and enables good combustion with low emissions of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxides, hydrocarbons and soot.
  • the boiler according to the invention is constructed in such a way that there are two different zones, such that the combustion chamber has a first cooled zone adjoining the burner, in which the flame forms, and a second, hot zone follows in the flame propagation direction, in which the flame burns out, that the water space has a first area, the inner wall of which directly delimits the cooled zone on the side, a second area, the inner wall of which surrounds the wall of a combustion chamber insert delimiting the hot zone at a distance, and a multi-part water transition area which defines the first connects to the second water chamber area, and that the flue gas duct, viewed in the flow direction of the flue gases, has a first duct section which extends within the distance between the inner wall of the second water chamber region and the boundary wall of the combustion chamber insert of the hot zone, and a two th channel section, which runs at a distance from the inner wall of the first water space region through this or along the outer wall thereof, and a multi-part flue gas intermediate space which connects the first flu
  • the combustion chamber By dividing the combustion chamber into a first, cooled zone, in which the flame forms, and a second, not directly cooled zone, in which the flame burns out, one takes into account the fact that the less nitrogen oxides (NOx) are generated, the lower the furnace temperature - especially in the vicinity of the flame formation zone.
  • NOx nitrogen oxides
  • a hot use of the combustion chamber leads to an almost complete combustion, in such a way that carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and soot can practically not arise.
  • a considerable reduction in the formation of NOx is achieved, while the formation of other pollutants is prevented by the fact that the cooled zone is followed by a hot zone for the flame burnout, which ensures good combustion.
  • the heat is no longer so high that the formation of nitrogen oxide is favored.
  • the combustion chamber design can be designed in such a way that the flame does not strike metal parts, especially not cast parts, but burns out.
  • the water chamber has two areas, the first of which directly delimits the zone of the combustion chamber in which the flame is formed and thus removes heat from this zone, while the second region of the second zone, which serves to ignite the flame, is spaced apart and with the use of a fireplace insert that is not directly cooled by the water space.
  • the flue gas duct is subdivided in such a way that, viewed in the direction of the flue gas flow, it runs with a first section between the combustion chamber insert delimiting the second zone of the combustion chamber and the inner wall of the second water chamber area, while a second section is assigned to the first water chamber area in such a way that the flue gases emanate from the
  • the inner wall of this second water space area can be guided at a distance, be it bushings arranged to pass through the interior of the water space area or be it along the radial outside of this water space area.
  • the aim here is to cool the flue gas flowing towards the flue gas collecting space as far as possible within this second section of the flue gas duct in order to keep exhaust gas losses small.
  • the second water area which surrounds the second zone, on the one hand, on its inner surface by the flue gases in it Most section of the flue gas channel and secondly heated by heat radiation, which emanates from the wall of the combustion chamber insert in the second, hot zone.
  • the first water area serves to cool the first zone and at the same time forms an insulator for the transfer of heat from this first zone of the combustion chamber to the second section of the flue gas duct, so that the flue gas no longer heats up appropriately shortly before the flue gas collecting space to be connected to the chimney becomes.
  • the insulation of the outer jacket of the boiler is adapted to the low temperature level.
  • the boiler is preferably standing, i.e. operated with an approximately vertically directed boiler axis.
  • the temperatures in the area of the first section of the flue gas duct are too high for condensate separation.
  • Condensate, which could form in the second section reaches the area of the flue gas space under gravity, which in a preferred embodiment of the invention is arranged so that it adjoins the upper edge area of the second, hot zone of the combustion chamber, so that radiant heat is sufficient for one high temperature in this flue gas space ensures that condensate accumulations are avoided.
  • the formation of the water space areas from gray cast iron is indicated, preferably in such a way that in areas of possible condensate formation there are no gray cast iron surfaces that require machining.
  • the water space with its two water space areas and the multi-part transition area can be formed in one or more parts. Basically, a steel sheet version is also possible under appropriate operating conditions.
  • ribs can generally be provided in the sections of the smoke duct, which have the usual known shapes.
  • a special feature arises for the second section of the flue gas duct if it is arranged to be guided past the outer wall of the first area of the water space.
  • ribs provided on the outer wall of the first water space region extend radially outwards and thus diverge, so that the ribs can be arranged at a relatively close distance from one another in their foot region.
  • the large outside diameter in addition to this arrangement results in a particularly high heat transfer area, so that the flow path for the desired cooling of the flue gas in this second section of the flue gas duct can be chosen to be correspondingly short.
  • one-piece or multi-part designs of the water space from cast iron can be considered, as can be seen from the exemplary embodiments described below.
  • the exemplary embodiments show a standing boiler 1, on the top end of which a burner 2 is arranged as a burner; the burner is only shown in FIG. 1 and is present in the same way in the other exemplary embodiments.
  • the boiler 1 which has an essentially circular cross-section, is provided in its center with a combustion chamber 3, which extends from the inside of the upper end wall to the bottom region of the boiler and opens there in a deflection chamber 4.
  • the hot flue gases resulting from the combustion in the combustion chamber 3 thus flow downward, are deflected in the chamber 4 and are carried on to the side of the combustion chamber in the opposite direction.
  • the combustion chamber 3 has a first zone arranged in connection with the upper end-side boundary of the combustion chamber 3, in which the flame forms and which is therefore called the flame formation zone 5 here. This zone 5 is followed by another zone in the rest of the combustion chamber 3, in which the flame burns out and is therefore referred to as the flame burnout zone 6.
  • the flame burnout zone 6 is delimited by a wall of a combustion chamber insert 7 designed as a steel tube.
  • the water space designated overall by 8 is divided into two water space areas, namely a first area 11 and a second area 9, which are connected to one another by a multi-part transition area 14.
  • the second area 9 with its inner wall 10 forms a hollow cylindrical space at a distance from the combustion chamber insert 7 of zone 6, while the first area 11 with its inner jacket wall 12 directly delimits zone 5.
  • the outer surface 13 of the first water space 11 extends at a distance from the inner surface of the boiler shell wall, so that a hollow cylindrical space remains between them.
  • a total of 15 designated flue gas duct extends from the lower deflection chamber 4 outside the combustion chamber 3 to a flue gas collecting space 19 formed in the upper front area of the boiler, which is connected via an outlet 20 to a chimney (not shown).
  • the flue gas duct 15 viewed in this flue gas flow direction, has a first section 16, which extends in the hollow cylindrical space between the combustion chamber insert 7 and the inner wall 10 of the second water space region 9, and propagates in a second section 17, which extends through the hollow cylindrical space extends between the inner surface of the boiler shell wall and the outer surface 13 of the first water space region 11.
  • the two sections 16 and 17 of the flue gas duct 15 are connected to one another via a multi-part flue gas space 18, as can be seen in the drawing.
  • the deflection space 4 is closed at the bottom by a floor insulating body 21, which is arranged on the second water space region 9, which is designed as a casting, in such a way that it protrudes beyond the casting branch points 22 between the inner wall 10 and the lower end wall of the region 9, which is heat engineering for this cast construction is an advantage.
  • the upper end wall of the boiler 1 is formed by a cover 23, which has insulation toward the inside of the boiler and extends over the entire end face of the boiler. The cover 23 can be opened or removed in a manner not shown, so that cleaning of the combustion chamber and the flue gas duct sections is made possible by the corresponding opening.
  • the tubular combustion chamber insert 7 for the hot zone 6 of the combustion chamber 3 is provided in its upper region with a radially projecting bead with which it is held in contact with corresponding projections of the first water chamber region 11 designed as a casting.
  • the tubular insert 7 can thus be easily removed when the cover 23 is lifted off.
  • the two water space areas 9 and 11 are connected to one another by means of a multi-part transition area 14, specifically in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 6 and 9 and 10 each via an inflow duct 26 and an outflow duct 27, which are designed here as connecting pieces are, each of which engages in a correspondingly shaped passage opening in the opposite wall sections of the two water space areas.
  • the water introduced into the second water space region 9 via a water inlet 24 thus passes into the first water space region 11 and from there passes again via a water outlet 25 to the outside of the boiler.
  • the flame formation takes place in the first zone 5 of the combustion chamber 3 as seen from the burner 2 and releases great heat.
  • This zone 5 By delimiting this zone 5 by means of the water-cooled inner surface of the first water area 11, heat is dissipated, as a result of which the formation of NO x is hindered.
  • the flame enters zone 6 of the combustion chamber 3 and heats the combustion chamber insert 7 accordingly, which is why the flame burns out well in zone 6, as a result of which the formation of pollutants such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and soot is substantially reduced.
  • the flue gas passes through sections 16 and 17 of the flue gas channel and the multi-part flue gas intermediate space connecting them, whereby in the first section a large part of the heat of the flue gas passes through the inner wall 10, which is provided with ribs 28, to the water in the water area 9 is released.
  • a temperature prevails due to radiant heat from the upper area of zone 6, which hinders the accumulation of condensate.
  • the flue gas is cooled via the flow path along the outer wall 13 of the first water chamber area 11 and thus leaves the boiler via the flue gas collecting chamber 19 and the outlet 20 with only a small amount of heat.
  • the first water chamber region 11 has the task of cooling the zone 5 and the exhaust gas in the section 17 of the flue gas duct. In this way, a compact construction is achieved with a good burnout of the flame.
  • the second water space region 9 and the first water space region 11 are connected to one another via connecting elements or bushings 26 and 27 which lie radially outside the boiler jacket wall 30, 31 and outside the flue gas duct.
  • sections 32 and 33 are formed on regions 9 and 11, which protrude outwards, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the multi-part transition area or the connecting elements between the two water spaces 9 and 11 are thus protected against a possible accumulation of condensate.
  • An upper part 31 of the boiler jacket wall is designed as a separate part, in particular gray cast iron part, as can be seen in FIG. 1, wherein ribs 29 are provided on the outer wall of the first water chamber area 11, which enlarge the heat transfer surface and are directed towards the section 31 of the boiler jacket wall .
  • the two water areas 9 and 11 are braced in their multi-part transition area 14 or the area of the connecting parts 26 and 27 with the aid of screw connections which are guided through flanges 34 on the sections 32 and 33.
  • the multi-part transition region is 14 or are the connecting elements or leadthroughs gene 27 and 26 arranged within the boiler jacket wall 30, 31.
  • the two water areas are braced against each other in a manner similar to that of the last described embodiment.
  • the first water space area 11 of the water space 8 is made in one piece with an upper partial area 31 of the boiler jacket wall 30, so that the number of castings is reduced.
  • the connection between the second water area 9 and the first water area 11 is made in the same way as in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the second section 17 of the flue gas duct 15 is not designed as a hollow cylindrical space, but rather through a multiplicity of through cavities 35 which are evenly distributed over the circumference of the second water space region and are arranged in parallel such that they space the first water space region 11 reach through the inner wall 12.
  • the upper partial area 31 of the boiler jacket wall 30 is simultaneously the outer jacket wall of the first water space area 11 and is formed in one piece with the other walls of this area 11.
  • the passage cavities 35 are thus an integral part of the casting forming the first water area.
  • the individual through cavities 35 are elongated through the region 11 in the circumferential direction.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8 differs from the examples described above primarily in that the water space 8 is designed as a one-piece casting, the walls of the second water space area 9, the first water space area 11 and the multi-part transition area 14 accordingly form one coherent unit.
  • FIG. 8 shows that a total of four transitions between the water space areas are provided in this example.
  • the upper portion 31 of the boiler jacket wall 30 is in turn formed as a separate part.
  • In the lower end wall area of the water space 8 there is an opening, which may be necessary for casting reasons.
  • the boiler is not completely round in cross-section, but is widened at two diametrically opposed locations in order to produce the connection between the lower boiler jacket wall 30 and its partial region 31.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 9 and 10 differs from that according to FIGS. 5 and 6 only in that the through cavities 35 are not elongated in the circumferential direction through the interior of the first water space region 1, but are formed with a circular cylindrical cross section.
  • the cross section according to FIG. 10 shows - a correspondingly higher number of flue gas flues 35 can be provided.
  • Measures to enlarge the heat transfer area can also be provided on the inner wall 12 of the first water space region 11, projecting into the zone 5, in principle also within the lead-through cavities 35 of the first water space region 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
EP87107258A 1987-05-19 1987-05-19 Heizkessel Expired - Lifetime EP0292580B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87107258T ATE58428T1 (de) 1987-05-19 1987-05-19 Heizkessel.
ES87107258T ES2019601B3 (es) 1987-05-19 1987-05-19 Caldera de calefaccion.
DE8787107258T DE3766246D1 (de) 1987-05-19 1987-05-19 Heizkessel.
EP87107258A EP0292580B1 (de) 1987-05-19 1987-05-19 Heizkessel
DK271988A DK166230C (da) 1987-05-19 1988-05-18 Olie- eller gasfyret, isaer vertikalt stillet varmekedel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87107258A EP0292580B1 (de) 1987-05-19 1987-05-19 Heizkessel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0292580A1 EP0292580A1 (de) 1988-11-30
EP0292580B1 true EP0292580B1 (de) 1990-11-14

Family

ID=8197007

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87107258A Expired - Lifetime EP0292580B1 (de) 1987-05-19 1987-05-19 Heizkessel

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0292580B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE58428T1 (es)
DE (1) DE3766246D1 (es)
DK (1) DK166230C (es)
ES (1) ES2019601B3 (es)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3908296C2 (de) * 1989-03-14 1994-04-14 Pc Patentconsult Ag Zug Heizkessel
CN113669903A (zh) * 2021-09-05 2021-11-19 郑国水 一种高温热泵真空锅炉制热设备

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8536716U1 (de) * 1985-12-31 1987-04-30 Weishaupt, Siegfried, Dipl.-Ing., 7959 Schwendi Heizkessel

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE341060B (es) * 1967-06-17 1971-12-13 Belleli & C S A S
CH638883A5 (de) * 1979-08-27 1983-10-14 Eugen Josef Siegrist Heizkessel.
DE8032213U1 (de) * 1980-12-03 1981-04-02 Agro-Biogas GmbH Vertrieb-Anlagenbau, 2301 Osdorf Heizkessel

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8536716U1 (de) * 1985-12-31 1987-04-30 Weishaupt, Siegfried, Dipl.-Ing., 7959 Schwendi Heizkessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0292580A1 (de) 1988-11-30
DK271988A (da) 1989-03-01
DK166230C (da) 1993-08-16
ATE58428T1 (de) 1990-11-15
DK166230B (da) 1993-03-22
ES2019601B3 (es) 1991-07-01
DK271988D0 (da) 1988-05-18
DE3766246D1 (de) 1990-12-20

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