EP0288916A2 - Dispositif de chauffage d'un four de cuisson - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage d'un four de cuisson Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0288916A2
EP0288916A2 EP88106445A EP88106445A EP0288916A2 EP 0288916 A2 EP0288916 A2 EP 0288916A2 EP 88106445 A EP88106445 A EP 88106445A EP 88106445 A EP88106445 A EP 88106445A EP 0288916 A2 EP0288916 A2 EP 0288916A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
temperature
oven
resistor
power level
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88106445A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0288916A3 (fr
Inventor
Werner Renz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
Original Assignee
EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH filed Critical EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH
Publication of EP0288916A2 publication Critical patent/EP0288916A2/fr
Publication of EP0288916A3 publication Critical patent/EP0288916A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/08—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24C7/087—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of electric circuits regulating heat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an oven heater with an oven muffle, for which at least one heating resistor which can be switched via a selector switch is provided and which forms at least one heating unit.
  • Oven heaters often have several heating units, for example one for the bottom heat, one for the top heat and often also one as a grill, whereby the bottom heat and the top heat can be operated together and optionally separately, while the grill heater usually only for is operated alone.
  • the temperature set on the selector switch in the oven muffle is monitored by a temperature sensor, which essentially only the air or room temperature matures in the oven muffle and acts on a control switch, which can be saddled on the housing of the selector switch and operated via the same setting shaft as this.
  • a disadvantage of such oven heaters is that the time of heating the oven muffle from the cooled state to the preselected temperature is felt to be relatively long, especially when the oven muffle is to be heated to the baking temperature, that is to say around 200 ° C.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an oven heater of the type mentioned, with which at least a predetermined or selected operating temperature of the oven muffle can be reached faster than would be possible by the circuit which is intended for operation at this working temperature.
  • an oven heater of the type described that at least part of the heater can be switched to different power levels. This can preferably be done via an additional temperature switch from a heating power level to a lower power level, which is usually the power level associated with the set working temperature.
  • the heating is operated in the heating power level with a higher power, preferably at most 3500W (220V / 16A) than in the subsequent working power level, in which only about a third to about a quarter less power is required.
  • the switchover from the heating power to the baking power takes place due to the automatically temperature-dependent temperature switch without any special intervention by the operator, so that the oven heater can be used to create an easy-to-use and very usable baking device.
  • the method of operation according to the invention can be achieved in particular with a simple structure if the top heat heating unit has a heating element which can be operated by switching over with two different surface loads, for example a surface load of about 5W / cm2 and with a surface load which is only about half as large and therefore, on the one hand, forms an infrared grill heater in a basic function or switch position and a baking heater in the other function or switch position.
  • This heating element can be assigned a ballast for switching, which also expediently represents a heating element of the upper heat or for the oven muffle and / or a direct sensor heating and is operated during the heating-up phase at most with the lowest output or is kept without output, so that it is the temperature sensor not or only slightly influenced.
  • the heating element operated with a high surface load during the heating phase is thermally coupled only so slightly to the temperature sensor that it only reaches the changeover temperature when the desired or selected temperature has been reached in the oven muffle.
  • the ballast element which is thermally relatively closely coupled to the temperature sensor, is put into operation by the switchover, so that the temperature sensor is thereby practically exposed to direct convection or radiation heating and at the same time the total output of both top heat heating elements is reduced by at least or more than a third.
  • a bottom heating element Before and after the changeover, a bottom heating element can be operated continuously, this bottom heating element expediently operating at approximately the same output as the above-mentioned reduced overall output of the top heating elements, that is, it is not subjected to an increased heating output in the heating phase.
  • the resultant thermal reclosing lock which is effective after rapid heating, can be adjusted, for example, by the measures described so that opening the oven door only after about five minutes of opening time, i.e. after a time, would lead to the heating output being restarted, which is generally for the above Handling of the food is never exceeded.
  • an automatic rapid heating is thus created without additional expenditure on components or switching elements essentially only by a special coupling of the temperature sensor, wherein a so-called single-layer back-grill combination heater can be used for the top heat heating unit, in which the two heating elements are combined to form a structural unit lying approximately in a common plane and relatively large areas of heating, which are almost the same area as the neighboring wall of the oven muffle, can be available for both grill operation and baking operation.
  • the tubular temperature sensor which can be arranged approximately at the level of the associated heating elements, approximately in the area of an upright wall of the oven muffle and approximately parallel to the level of these heating elements, is expediently part of a system filled with an expansion liquid and connected via a capillary line to an expansion element, which the associated temperature switch (s) acts.
  • the selector switch is expediently formed by a function switch (UOG or bottom heat / top heat / grill switch) with which the various functions, for example all-pole shutdown, lighting switched on, baking with rapid heating, baking with top heat, depending on the rotational angle position of the control shaft and bottom heat, bottom heat separately, top heat separately, grilling, interval grilling, automatic roasting with top heat and bottom heat, automatic roasting with circulating air mode, circulating air baking and / or defrosting can be set in succession in the desired order.
  • Tubular heating elements are expediently provided as heating elements, which have a heating coil embedded in a pressed insulating compound in a tubular, metallic outer jacket.
  • At least the heating element or elements located near the temperature sensor are expedient within the oven muffle provided, although it is conceivable to arrange the heating element provided in the heating power level also directly on the outside of the associated muffle wall and thereby further thermally decouple from the temperature sensor.
  • the average temperature in the muffle center of gravity can be kept almost the same with a deviation of less than 10K by the inventive design for baking and grilling.
  • the intensity of the grill operation with closed oven door while maintaining the temperature setting on the selector switch or temperature controller can be varied in terms of its intensity, so that the grill intensity can be controlled in a simple manner. If the possibility of a temperature-dependent searing burst, that is to say a brief increase in the initial frying power, is to be provided, an additional, permanently set thermostat is expediently provided for this purpose.
  • an oven heater 1 has an oven muffle 2, which is integrated into a stove, for example, the heater 4 of which can be operated in a manual sequence, for example in twelve switching stages according to a switching sequence diagram, with a selector switch 3.
  • the heater 4 forms two heating units 5, 6, one of which is provided for the top heat directly adjacent to the inside of the upper wall 15 and the other for the bottom heat directly adjacent to the inside of the bottom wall 16.
  • the top heat heating unit consists of two essentially arranged in a common, parallel to the wall 15 parallel heating resistors 7, 8, one of which is a heating resistor 7 both as a grill heater with a surface load of, for example, about 5W / cm2 and with an output of at least 1500W , in particular about 2150W, and can also be operated as a baking heater with a lower surface load of, for example, about 2.5W / cm2.
  • the other, a much lower heating resistance length heating resistor 8 is only intended for use as a baking heater with a surface load of, for example, about 2.5W / cm2 and has a multiple smaller output, in particular only about a quarter of the output of the heating resistor 7, with an output of, for example, about 525W has proven to be expedient in such a way that the two heating resistors 7, 8 have a combined total power of approximately 1300W or approximately the same power as the bottom heating unit 6 when operating in series and at 220V operating voltage.
  • the bottom heat heating unit 6 is formed only by a single heating resistor 9, which lies essentially in a plane parallel to the lower wall 16 of the oven muffle 2 on the inside of this wall 16 and is designed only for operation as a baking heater.
  • a tubular temperature sensor 10 arranged parallel to the level of at least one heating resistor 7, 8, whereby this temperature sensor 10 is also in the vicinity of the upper wall 15 of the oven muffle 2, but may be slightly lower than the heating resistors.
  • the temperature sensor 10 is located in the approximately quarter-circle rounded corner area between the upper wall 15 and the side wall 14, directly in the area of the transition of this rounded corner area into the side wall 14.
  • the temperature sensor 10 filled with an expansion fluid influences one via a capillary line 13
  • the pressure member connected to the capillary line 13 actuates two differently adjusted temperature switches 12, 18.
  • the oven heater 1 can be designed as a two-phase heater. In the illustrated embodiment, it is designed as a single-phase heating, which is to be connected to a mains power source 20 via two mains connecting lines 19, 21. For all-pole switching off by the selector switch 3, a contact 22, 23 is provided in each of the two connecting lines 19, 21.
  • the main feed line 24 is connected, for example via a feed bridge 30, to the input sides of the connection line 19 belonging to three selector switch contacts 31, 32, 33, with which, depending on the selector switch position, each of the heating resistors 7 to 9 individually and in any combination can be operated together.
  • selector switch contacts 31, 32, 33 which, depending on the selector switch position, each of the heating resistors 7 to 9 individually and in any combination can be operated together.
  • the selector switch contact 32 when baking with rapid heating, when Baking with top heat and bottom heat, or when the top heat is closed, connects the lead 28 of the heating resistor 8 to the main lead 24, this heating resistor 8 being connected in series with the heating resistor 7 via a connecting line 34 and the lead 27 between the heating resistors 7, 8 or connected to the connecting line 34.
  • Another selector switch contact 33 which only when baking with rapid heating, when baking with top heat and bottom heat or when Operation of the bottom heat is closed, in the closed state connects the feed line 29 of the heating resistor 9 to the main feed line 24.
  • the temperature switch 18 of the temperature controller 11 is switched on, this temperature switch 18 being adjusted, for example, by about 30 to 40K higher than the temperature switch 12 which is switched on in the main supply line 25 and, due to this adjustment, at a correspondingly lower level Sensor temperature when the temperature switch 18 opens.
  • the temperature switch 12 opens at the end of the heating phase; if then the center of gravity temperature of the oven muffle 2 rises further beyond the adjustment difference, the temperature switch 18 is also opened so that all heating resistors are de-energized.
  • a further selector switch contact 26 is switched on in the main feed line 25, which is only closed when the selector switch 3 is set to rapid heating.
  • the temperature sensor 10 is thermally more closely coupled to the heating resistor 8 than to the heating resistor 7 in that it lies essentially directly in the heat radiation area of a section of this heating resistor 8, while it is essentially not, for example, due to shading by the heating resistor 8 lies in the heat radiation area of the heating resistor 7, but is thermally coupled to the latter only by the room temperature in the oven muffle 2.
  • the contacts 22, 23, 32, 33 are closed by the appropriate setting of the selector switch 3, while the temperature switches 12, 18 are closed by the temperature controller 11 when the temperature sensor 10 has cooled down.
  • the heating resistor 8 is on the one hand via the main feed line 25 and the feed line 27 and on the other hand via the main feeder device 24, the contact 32 and the lead 28 at both poles or connection points at the same voltage potential of the connecting line 19, so that no current flows in it, so it is practically switched off.
  • the heating resistor 7, on the other hand, is thereby operated at an increased heating power level alone, while the heating resistor 9 is also operated with its normal power, which is lower than that of the heating resistor 7, due to the closed contact 33.
  • the temperature sensor 10 reaches the associated switching temperature by convection, so that the temperature switch 12 is opened by the temperature controller 11.
  • the heating resistors 8, 7 are now connected in series via the contact 32 and the connecting line 34, so that the heating resistor 8 forms a ballast element for the heating resistor 7 and this is operated further together with the heating resistor 8 at a lower power level.
  • Heat radiated from the heating resistor 8 now acts directly on the temperature sensor 10 due to the closer thermal coupling, so that its temperature remains above the switch-back temperature required to close the temperature switch 12 even if the muffle center temperature is relatively relative by opening the muffle door provided on the front of the oven muffle 2 is greatly lowered.
  • the temperature sensor 10 is expediently in a region of minimal cooling of the oven muffle 2 or arranged so that it does not reach the mentioned switch-back temperature within the intended time of, for example, about five minutes, even when the oven door is open.
  • This area can be the corner area the oven muffle, a position above the heating resistor 8 or between the upper wall 15 and the heating resistor 8 or a position on the inside of the upper wall 15; the too rapid cooling of the temperature sensor 10 can also be achieved by a suitable thermal inertia element which stores sufficient thermal energy absorbed by the heating and then keeps the temperature sensor 10 warm for a correspondingly long time, this inertia element in a simple manner by the holder for the temperature sensor 10 can be formed.
  • the temperature switch 12 can only be opened via the temperature controller 11, but not closed, but requires mechanical actuation to close it; this mechanical actuation can take place, for example, when the selector switch 3 is reset to the zero position, so that it can then immediately be switched back to the heating power level by closing the contact 26.
  • the heating resistor 7 is switched from the main supply line 25 to the main supply line 24 when changing from the heating power level to the lower power level.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show an example of a single-layer back-grill combination radiator, which can be operated on the one hand as a pure grill heater with only one heating resistor and on the other hand as a baking heater with both heating resistors.
  • Both heating resistors 7, 8 are formed by tubular heating elements, the heating resistance 7, which is also to be used as a grill heating element, running back and forth several times in a meandering manner in an approximately rectangular outline field, while the heating resistor 8 surrounds this outline field with a small distance in an approximately closed rectangular ring, so that both heating resistors 7, 8 can lie in a common plane.
  • the four, in parallel juxtaposed and the rear wall 35 of the oven muffle 2 connecting ends of the two heating resistors 7, 8 are attached to a common plate-shaped flange 36, with which both heating resistors 7, 8 can be attached together as a self-contained unit to the oven muffle.
  • a rectilinear section 37 of the heating resistor 8, lying approximately parallel to the side wall 14, lies in the manner described closely adjacent to the temperature sensor 10, which can also be provided practically in the region of the upper wall 15 according to FIG. 5.
  • the above-mentioned outline of the heating resistor 7 is only slightly smaller than the outer contour of the heating resistor 8 and covers most of the floor plan of the oven muffle, so that the grill area has a correspondingly large heating field area which is only insignificantly reduced compared to the baking operation. 5 shows, it is also conceivable to arrange the heating resistor 9 or the heating unit 6 on the outside or underside of the associated lower wall 16 of the oven muffle 2.
  • the temperature controller 11a can also be designed such that it can be set with a manually operable setting member 44 separate from the selector switch 3a. As a result, the temperature can be selected independently of the mode selection to be set by the selector switch 3a. In the event that a mechanical transfer of the temperature switch 12a is provided in the closed position, this can therefore also be carried out with the help of the temperature controller 11a or its actuator 44, for example, so that when the temperature controller 11a is reset to its zero position or another suitable rapid heating switch-on position of the temperature switch 12a is transferred into its closed position by a mechanical actuator.
  • Fig. 6 the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1 are used for corresponding parts, but with the index "a”, the heating 4a, but not the outline of the oven muffle are shown. 6 is suitable for ovens with circulating air and conventional baking operation, that is to say the operation described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • a circulating air blower 38 which is structurally combined with a circulating air heater 39, is provided, which can be arranged in the rear wall of the oven muffle.
  • the circulating air heater 39 is operated with the interposition of a selector switch contact 40 via the feed bridge 30 or the main feed line 24a and is thus also switched off by the temperature switch 18a, which can be designed as a changeover switch so that the circulating air blower 38 continues to run when the selector switch is in the position, until the temperature switch 18a has closed the main feed line 24a again.
  • the circulating air blower 38 is operated with the interposition of a selector switch contact 41 otherwise directly via a supply line connected to the connecting line 19a. In conjunction with a timer, an automatic roasting with recirculated air and conventional baking mode can also be provided.
  • the selector switch 3a also switches a signal contact 42 for a signaling device, such as a signal lamp, and a lighting contact 43 for an oven light.
  • At least two separate heating units are assigned a common temperature controller, which is expediently manually adjustable as a temperature selector independently of the selector switch 3, although a predetermined functional assignment is also conceivable.
  • These two temperature sensors ensure that the temperature controller operates both when the one heating unit is operated alone and when the other heating unit works safely in the range of the set temperature.
  • separate temperature controllers with separate sensors could also be used for this, there is a much simpler operation when a single temperature controller is used together for two or more heating units. So that the temperature controller does not require separate switch contacts to be actuated separately via the two or more temperature sensors, both or all temperature sensors expediently act on the same switch contact.
  • the temperature controller does not have a separate expansion vessel that actuates the switch contact for each temperature sensor, but a common expansion vessel in the form of, for example, a diaphragm box for two or more of the temperature sensors the temperature sensors are connected together via capillary lines.
  • the common connection can take place outside the expansion vessel in the area of a corresponding branch piece or also in that the capillary lines of at least two sensors are routed separately to the expansion vessel and are optionally connected there.
  • the associated temperature sensor is subjected to greater thermal stress, which is why this sensor then primarily determines the control of the oven temperature. If both or all heating units are operated at the same time, the associated temperature sensors are thermally acted on simultaneously or jointly, so that the temperature controller as a total controller is influenced by both or all sensors and in turn ensures that the set oven temperature is maintained.
  • the embodiment described last is particularly advantageous where one heating unit is formed by the circulating air heater 39, while the other heating unit 5 is at least formed by the top heat heating unit.
  • a setting of the selector switch 3a can be provided, in which the circulating air heater 39 is connected in series with the heating unit 5a or at least one of its heating resistors, while the bottom heating unit 6 is connected in parallel, that is to say is operated at nominal voltage . As shown in FIG.
  • two such sensors 10a, 10'a can each be provided in the area of at least one heating resistor of the associated heating unit 5a or 39 and connected to a Y-shaped capillary tube coupling piece, from the third connecting arm of which the common capillary line 13a is then connected leads to the temperature controller 11a.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
EP88106445A 1987-05-01 1988-04-22 Dispositif de chauffage d'un four de cuisson Withdrawn EP0288916A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8706283U DE8706283U1 (de) 1987-05-01 1987-05-01 Backofenheizung
DE8706283U 1987-05-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0288916A2 true EP0288916A2 (fr) 1988-11-02
EP0288916A3 EP0288916A3 (fr) 1989-09-20

Family

ID=6807591

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88106445A Withdrawn EP0288916A3 (fr) 1987-05-01 1988-04-22 Dispositif de chauffage d'un four de cuisson

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EP (1) EP0288916A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE8706283U1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA883026B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2943486A1 (fr) * 2009-03-23 2010-09-24 Fagorbrandt Sas Appareil de cuisson electromenager
US8138453B2 (en) 2007-08-24 2012-03-20 Lg Electronics Inc. Electric oven with multiple broil heaters and method for preheating the electric oven

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016219758B3 (de) 2016-10-11 2018-04-05 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Backofens
DE102020133133A1 (de) * 2020-12-11 2022-06-15 Miele & Cie. Kg Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gargeräts und Gargerät

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2507920A (en) * 1939-11-03 1950-05-16 Gen Motors Corp Domestic appliance
US2778914A (en) * 1954-10-22 1957-01-22 Gen Electric Control circuits for electric ovens
US2790056A (en) * 1954-10-26 1957-04-23 Gen Motors Corp Domestic appliance
US2883508A (en) * 1958-01-15 1959-04-21 American Motors Corp Range
US3036189A (en) * 1959-05-21 1962-05-22 Tappan Co Electric cooking range

Family Cites Families (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB593411A (en) * 1944-07-03 1947-10-16 Robertshaw Thermostat Co Improvements in or relating to temperature regulating devices for electric ovens andlike cooking appliances
FR2274195A1 (fr) * 1974-06-05 1976-01-02 Dietrich & Cie De Perfectionnements aux fours electriques independants ou pour cuisinieres
DE2658686C3 (de) * 1976-12-23 1980-02-07 Bosch-Siemens Hausgeraete Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Backofen mit einem Umluftgeblase fur die Heißluftumwälzung
DE2757059C2 (de) * 1977-12-21 1985-05-02 Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart Backofen mit Umluftgebläse und Stahlungsheizkörpern
GB2112936B (en) * 1982-01-04 1985-02-13 Froude Eng Ltd Measuring the speed of a piston engine ultrasonically

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2507920A (en) * 1939-11-03 1950-05-16 Gen Motors Corp Domestic appliance
US2778914A (en) * 1954-10-22 1957-01-22 Gen Electric Control circuits for electric ovens
US2790056A (en) * 1954-10-26 1957-04-23 Gen Motors Corp Domestic appliance
US2883508A (en) * 1958-01-15 1959-04-21 American Motors Corp Range
US3036189A (en) * 1959-05-21 1962-05-22 Tappan Co Electric cooking range

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8138453B2 (en) 2007-08-24 2012-03-20 Lg Electronics Inc. Electric oven with multiple broil heaters and method for preheating the electric oven
EP2028424B1 (fr) * 2007-08-24 2020-03-11 LG Electronics Inc. Procédé de préchauffage du four électrique
FR2943486A1 (fr) * 2009-03-23 2010-09-24 Fagorbrandt Sas Appareil de cuisson electromenager

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE8706283U1 (de) 1987-06-11
EP0288916A3 (fr) 1989-09-20
ZA883026B (en) 1989-01-25

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