EP0285437A2 - Kationisch färbbare Copolyestergarne für Strecktexturierung - Google Patents

Kationisch färbbare Copolyestergarne für Strecktexturierung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0285437A2
EP0285437A2 EP88302937A EP88302937A EP0285437A2 EP 0285437 A2 EP0285437 A2 EP 0285437A2 EP 88302937 A EP88302937 A EP 88302937A EP 88302937 A EP88302937 A EP 88302937A EP 0285437 A2 EP0285437 A2 EP 0285437A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
draw
cationic
filaments
sheath
textured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88302937A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0285437A3 (en
EP0285437B1 (de
Inventor
Michael Douglas Butler
George Lete Sivils, Jr.
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Publication of EP0285437A2 publication Critical patent/EP0285437A2/de
Publication of EP0285437A3 publication Critical patent/EP0285437A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0285437B1 publication Critical patent/EP0285437B1/de
Priority claimed from PCT/US1993/006450 external-priority patent/WO1995002719A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0206—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/49—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads textured; curled; crimped
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/14—Dyeability
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel

Definitions

  • This invention concerns improvements in and relating to improved cationic-dyeable copolyester draw-­texturing feed yarns, and more particularly to such feed yarns that are novel on account of being concentric sheath/core bicomponent filaments, and are improved in that they are capable of being draw-textured at relatively high speeds without undesirably high numbers of broken filaments to give textured yarns having desirably high bulk, and the resulting textured yarns, and fabrics and garments containing such textured yarns.
  • Synthetic polyester multifilament yarns have been known and used commercially for several decades, having been first suggested by W. H. Carothers, U.S. Patent No. 2,071,251, and then by Whinfield and Dickson, U.S. Patent No. 2,465,319.
  • Most of the polyester polymer that has been manufactured and used commercially for such continuous filament yarns has been poly(ethylene terephthalate), sometimes referred to as 2G-T.
  • This polymer is often referred to as homopolymer, although it is known that, in addition to the residues of ethylene, from ethylene glycol, and terephthalate residues, from dimethyl terephthalate or terephthalic acid, there are also residues from diethylene glycol.
  • such commercial homopolymer is usually of intrinsic viscosity about 0.6; it can vary up to about 0.65 or even 0.67, and can also be of somewhat lower viscosity.
  • Commercial homopolymer is notoriously difficult to dye.
  • Such homopolymer is mostly dyed with disperse dyestuffs at high temperatures under elevated pressures, which is a relatively expensive and inconvenient process (in contrast to processes for dyeing several other commercial fibers at atmospheric pressure, e.g. at the boil), and so there have been several suggestions for improving the dyeability of polyester yarns.
  • cationic-dyeable copolyesters in which the poly(ethylene terephthalate) structure is modified by inclusion of sulfonate groups that provide an affinity for cationic dyestuffs.
  • Such cationic-dyeable copolyester consisting essentially of poly[ethylene terephthalate/5-(sodium sulfo) isophthalate] containing about 2 mole % of the 5-(sodium sulfo) isophthalate groups in the polymer chain has been used commercially as a basis for polyester yarns for some 20 years, and is sometimes referred to as 2G-T/SSI.
  • this cationic-dyeable copolyester is significantly more expensive than the homopolymer, it has been used on a large scale for various applications, especially as staple fiber, and in heather multi-filament yarns, wherein the cationic-dyeable copolyester filaments are intermingled with homopolymer filaments.
  • draw-texturing feed yarns are substantially amorphous spin-oriented multi-filament (continuous filament) yarns prepared by spinning at withdrawal speeds of the order of about 3000 ypm or more, more or less as indicated by Petrille and by Piazza and Reese. These withdrawal speeds are used to obtain the spin-orientation that is required for the feed yarns to be stable (in storage and to heat, so that they may be draw-textured).
  • the feed yarns be substantially amorphous, i.e. of relatively low crystallinity. It is this low crystallinity that distinguishes DTFY from drawn polyester yarns that are used in fabric formation, e.g. by weaving or knitting.
  • the present invention is concerned with DTFY, i.e. with feed yarns that are spin-oriented, but of low crystallinity, as distinguished from crystalline yarns such as have been used directly in fabrics.
  • Most commercial DTFY at this time has a crystallinity of the order of 10%, and relatively high boil-off shrinkage; such shrinkages have generally been of the order of about 40%.
  • commercial polyester yarns that are drawn have generally had crystallinity of more than 30%, and shrinkages of 15% or less.
  • crystalline spin-oriented yarns by spinning under different conditions, including very high speeds, e.g. as disclosed by Frankfort and Knox in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,134,882 and 4,195,051, and these yarns may be subjected to draw-texturing.
  • such crystalline yarns are not contemplated and it is preferred to use spin-oriented yarns of low crystallinity, as shown by a boil-off shrinkage of at least 15%, and preferably at least 25%.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,059,949 discloses composite yarns exhibiting heather dyeing capability, comprised of two groups of filaments composed of two differently dyeable polymers, wherein filaments of one group are homofilaments of one polymer, and filaments of the other group are of a substantially concentric sheath/core structure with the sheath being of the other polymer and the core being of the same polymer as the homofilaments.
  • the yarn dyes to give a heather appearance which is different from the appearance expected based on the polymer composition of the yarn.
  • Lee makes no reference to DTFY, nor to draw-texturing.
  • Example I shows the preparation of heather yarns from molten 2G-T of 22 HRV and molten 2G-T/SSI of 14 HRV to provide yarns of 34 filaments, 7 of which are single component filaments of 2G-T/SSI, whereas 27 of which are substantially concentric sheath/core bicomponent filaments of which the core is 2G-T/SSI and the sheath is 2G-T, by a process of spinning, quenching and drawing in a continuous operation. These drawn heather yarns are then false-twist textured without drawing. Most of the dependent claims are directed to this combination, which is obviously preferred, as can be seen from the majority of the description.
  • Claim 10 is directed to the feature wherein the homofilaments are composed of 2G-T and the sheath/core filaments are composed of a 2G-T core and a sheath of 2G-T/SSI.
  • column 4 There is also a reference in column 4, starting at line 28, to a reverse case with a basic dyeing component in the sheath and a disperse dyeable core component.
  • the 2G-T/SSI sheath takes up both disperse dyes and basic dyes, and the 2G-T core is dyed only with the disperse dyes.
  • both the sheath and core are dyed with disperse dyes, but neither sheath nor core is dyed with basic dyes (column 4, lines 16-28).
  • an improved cationic-dyeable copolyester draw-texturing feed yarn wherein the cationic-dyeable copolyester consists essentially of poly[ethylene terephthalate/5-(sodium sulfo) isophthalate] containing about 2 mole % of the 5-(sodium sulfo) isophthalate groups in the polymer chain, and the feed yarn is a substantially amorphous spin-­oriented multi-filament yarn prepared by spinning at a withdrawal speed of the order of about 3000 ypm or more, the improvement characterized in that the filaments are concentric sheath/core bicomponent filaments, wherein the sheath consists essentially of the cationic-dyeable copolyester, and the core consists essentially of poly(ethylene terephthalate) of intrinsic viscosity about 0.6.
  • the bicomponent filaments preferably consist essentially of approximately equal amounts by weight of sheath and of core.
  • the Figure is a photomicrograph of cross-­sections of filaments of the bicomponent yarns of the invention.
  • 4,059,949 discloses the preparation of mixed yarns including drawn concentric bicomponent filaments (as well as monocomponent drawn filaments), and not of DTFY.
  • the preparation of bicomponent filaments for polyester DTFY is disclosed in Mirhej, U.S. Patent No. 4,157,419, it being recognized that Mirhej discloses the preparation of eccentric bicomponent filaments that are intended to break during draw-texturing and provide a helical crimp, on account of the excentric nature, whereas the bicomponent filaments according to the present invention are concentric, and are primarily intended to resist breaking during normal draw-texturing operations. Further details for preparing preferred concentric bicomponent filaments and DTFY according to the present invention are given in the following Example, as are details of their texturing.
  • the preparation of fabrics and garments from the resulting textured yarns may be carried out by conventional techniques.
  • the advantage of the improved (reduced) BFC is quite significant, as is the increased bulk obtained in comparison with monocomponent 2G-T/SSI copolymer filament yarns.
  • a further advantage of the DTFY according to the invention is that the cost of the homopolymer, that provides the core of the novel bicomponent filaments, is considerably cheaper than for the 2G-T/SSI copolymer, so the cost of the raw materials for the bicomponent filaments is considerably less than for monocomponent filaments of 2G-T/SSI.
  • NDR and NDF are determined from a stress-strain curve measured on an Instron tensile testing machine at 70°F and 65% RH using a sample length of five inches and a rate of elongation of 400% per minute.
  • Crimp Contraction (CCA5) was measured essentially as in U.S. Patent No. 4,134,882. The method for determining LRV is disclosed in Most, U.S. Patent No. 4,444,710.
  • a 240/68 bicomponent feed yarn was prepared at a withdrawal speed of 3315 ypm, with 50/50 by weight of 2G-T of 19.4 LRV (intrinsic viscosity 0.61) in the core and with 98/2 2G-T/SSI copolyester of 12.8 LRV (intrinsic viscosity 0.49) in the concentric sheath, using a block temperature of 286°C, but otherwise essentially as described and illustrated in Lee U.S. Patent No. 4,059,949.
  • the filaments were treated with a commercial draw-texturing finish and interlaced.
  • the resulting yarns had the following properties, Tenacity 1.3 g/d, Elongation 117%, Modulus 24 g/d, Natural Draw Ratio 1.4, Natural Draw Force 150 g, Shrinkage 45%, Density 1.347 and Birefringence 0.02. Cross-sections of filaments are shown in the photomicrograph in the Figure.
  • This yarn was draw-textured on a Murata machine under conventional conditions and compared with a control yarn prepared essentially similarly except that it was monocomponent, consisting only of the 2G-T/SSI copolyester.
  • the bicomponent feed yarn of the invention gave significantly fewer broken filaments and better crimp, as can be seen from the Table.
  • These textured yarns may be processed into fabrics by conventional techniques, such as knitting, or weaving if desired, and dyed to attractive shades with cationic and/or disperse dyes, despite the presence of a homopolymer core.
  • the sheath/core (DTFY) filaments of the invention contain about 50/50 by weight of homopolymer/copolymer, and correspondingly about equal amounts by area of cross-­section, since the densities are approximately equal.
  • the diameter of the core (which is the same as the internal diameter for the sheath) is about 10.5 microns, whereas the external diameter of the sheath (and of the total filament) is about 15 microns.
  • the thickness of the sheath (on either side) is only about 2 microns. A decrease in the thickness of the sheath in the feed yarn may lead to more bulk in the textured product, and possibly lower broken filaments and lighter dyeing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
EP88302937A 1987-04-03 1988-03-31 Kationisch färbbare Copolyestergarne für Strecktexturierung Expired - Lifetime EP0285437B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US3442987A 1987-04-03 1987-04-03
US34429 1987-04-03
PCT/US1993/006450 WO1995002719A1 (en) 1987-04-03 1993-07-13 Preparing cationic-dyeable textured yarns

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0285437A2 true EP0285437A2 (de) 1988-10-05
EP0285437A3 EP0285437A3 (en) 1989-11-29
EP0285437B1 EP0285437B1 (de) 1991-10-23

Family

ID=21876356

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88302937A Expired - Lifetime EP0285437B1 (de) 1987-04-03 1988-03-31 Kationisch färbbare Copolyestergarne für Strecktexturierung

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0285437B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6414333A (de)
KR (1) KR880012806A (de)
CN (1) CN1024573C (de)
CA (1) CA1289708C (de)
DE (1) DE3865719D1 (de)
IN (1) IN169982B (de)
MX (1) MX168794B (de)
TR (1) TR27091A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0525628A2 (de) * 1991-07-25 1993-02-03 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Zusammengesetzte Faser welche ein feines anorganisches Pulver enthält
US5242640A (en) * 1987-04-03 1993-09-07 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Preparing cationic-dyeable textured yarns
US5294488A (en) * 1987-04-03 1994-03-15 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Preparing cationic-dyeable textured yarns

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110175249A1 (en) * 2008-09-26 2011-07-21 Hirofumi Yamamoto Polyester monofilament, method for producing same, and method for producing screen gauze using same
CN108215165A (zh) * 2018-01-25 2018-06-29 清华大学 一种皮芯结构纤维智能图案及其打印方法和应用
CN109722738B (zh) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-07 江苏恒力化纤股份有限公司 半消光涤纶牵伸丝及其制备方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2335946A1 (de) * 1973-07-14 1975-01-30 Barmag Barmer Maschf Verfahren zur herstellung von kraeuselfaeden
US4059949A (en) * 1974-02-15 1977-11-29 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Sheath-core cospun heather yarns
US4115989A (en) * 1977-05-02 1978-09-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Product and process
WO1979000149A1 (en) * 1977-09-16 1979-03-22 Du Pont Polyester feed yarn for draw-texturing
US4233363A (en) * 1979-03-02 1980-11-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester draw-texturing feed yarns

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55116827A (en) * 1979-03-01 1980-09-08 Unitika Ltd Production of special polyester modified yarn
JPS5721518A (en) * 1980-07-16 1982-02-04 Toray Ind Inc Extremely fine conjugate fiber and its bundle
JPS6071729A (ja) * 1983-09-29 1985-04-23 東レ株式会社 絹様ポリエステルフイラメント糸条およびその製造方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2335946A1 (de) * 1973-07-14 1975-01-30 Barmag Barmer Maschf Verfahren zur herstellung von kraeuselfaeden
US4059949A (en) * 1974-02-15 1977-11-29 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Sheath-core cospun heather yarns
US4115989A (en) * 1977-05-02 1978-09-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Product and process
WO1979000149A1 (en) * 1977-09-16 1979-03-22 Du Pont Polyester feed yarn for draw-texturing
US4233363A (en) * 1979-03-02 1980-11-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester draw-texturing feed yarns

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5242640A (en) * 1987-04-03 1993-09-07 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Preparing cationic-dyeable textured yarns
US5294488A (en) * 1987-04-03 1994-03-15 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Preparing cationic-dyeable textured yarns
WO1995002719A1 (en) * 1987-04-03 1995-01-26 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Preparing cationic-dyeable textured yarns
EP0525628A2 (de) * 1991-07-25 1993-02-03 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Zusammengesetzte Faser welche ein feines anorganisches Pulver enthält
EP0525628A3 (en) * 1991-07-25 1993-07-21 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Composite fiber containing inorganic fine powder
US5464695A (en) * 1991-07-25 1995-11-07 Kuraray Company Limited Composite fiber containing inorganic fine powder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1289708C (en) 1991-10-01
TR27091A (tr) 1994-10-18
MX168794B (es) 1993-06-08
CN88101834A (zh) 1988-10-19
EP0285437A3 (en) 1989-11-29
CN1024573C (zh) 1994-05-18
KR880012806A (ko) 1988-11-29
JPS6414333A (en) 1989-01-18
EP0285437B1 (de) 1991-10-23
DE3865719D1 (de) 1991-11-28
IN169982B (de) 1992-01-25

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