EP0283688B1 - Röntgenstrahler - Google Patents

Röntgenstrahler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0283688B1
EP0283688B1 EP88101814A EP88101814A EP0283688B1 EP 0283688 B1 EP0283688 B1 EP 0283688B1 EP 88101814 A EP88101814 A EP 88101814A EP 88101814 A EP88101814 A EP 88101814A EP 0283688 B1 EP0283688 B1 EP 0283688B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
liquid pressure
ray source
ray
protective device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88101814A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0283688A1 (de
Inventor
Günther Appelt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0283688A1 publication Critical patent/EP0283688A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0283688B1 publication Critical patent/EP0283688B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/02—Constructional details
    • H05G1/04—Mounting the X-ray tube within a closed housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
    • H05G1/54—Protecting or lifetime prediction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an X-ray emitter which has a housing filled with an electrically insulating liquid and provided with a radiation passage window and an X-ray tube arranged therein, and a protective device which prevents the operation of the X-ray emitter when the liquid pressure in the housing exceeds a limit value.
  • the safety device is provided in order to keep the pressure rise inside the housing that occurs as a result of the heat loss emitted by the X-ray tube during operation into the interior of the housing within acceptable limits.
  • the protective device which is provided per se for safety reasons, can in turn trigger dangers during medical examinations, namely if the protective device responds during the examination of a patient and unexpectedly puts the x-ray emitter out of operation. In the case of catheterizations, life-threatening situations for the patient could occur.
  • GB-A-556 434 describes an X-ray emitter of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which an optical signal precedes a response of the protective device; However, since it is unclear in each case what time is left from the appearance of the optical signal until the protective device responds, the operating personnel are not able to readily decide whether an examination that has started can still be completed or should be terminated for safety reasons.
  • the invention has for its object to design an X-ray tube of the type mentioned so that hazards Patients are excluded from responding to the protective device and the operating personnel is also able to decide at any time whether an examination that has already started can be completed before the protective device is activated.
  • an X-ray emitter which has a housing filled with an electrically insulating liquid and provided with a radiation passage window and an X-ray tube arranged therein, as well as a protective device and a warning device which prevents the operation of the X-ray emitter when the liquid pressure in the housing exceeds a limit value with a pressure sensor which continuously emits a signal corresponding to the instantaneous value of the liquid pressure in the housing, which warning device emits a warning signal when the threshold value of the liquid pressure is below the limit value for the protective device, and means for determining and displaying those remaining until the limit value of the liquid pressure is reached Has time.
  • the threshold value is dimensioned such that the warning signal is emitted for a sufficient period of time, e.g. 30 minutes before the expected response of the protective device takes place, so that the operating personnel or the examining doctor can assess whether an started examination can be completed in the remaining period or should be terminated for safety reasons. Danger to the patient from an unexpected response of the protective device is therefore excluded.
  • the operating personnel is constantly provided with information about the operating time of the x-ray emitter remaining until the protective device responds.
  • the warning device has a pressure sensor for measuring the threshold value of the liquid pressure. Under certain circumstances this can be a pressure sensor, which is also part of the protective device and is used to measure the limit value of the liquid pressure.
  • the threshold value can be set. It is therefore possible to adapt the period of time between the issue of the warning signal and the response of the protective device to the respective needs.
  • Such a setting of the threshold value is particularly easy to implement if the pressure sensor continuously emits a signal corresponding to the instantaneous value of the pressure and the warning device has means for comparing the signal corresponding to the instantaneous fluid pressure with a desired value corresponding to the threshold value of the fluid pressure, since in this If only the setpoint has to be changed to change the threshold value.
  • the pressure sensor can be directly exposed to the liquid pressure in the housing or, if the housing of the x-ray emitter has a flexible wall section to compensate for temperature-related changes in volume of the coolant, can be actuated indirectly by the flexible wall section, which can be formed by a membrane.
  • the figure shows an X-ray emitter according to the invention, which has a housing 1 filled with an electrically insulating liquid, for example insulating oil, in which an X-ray tube 2 is arranged.
  • an X-ray tube 2 is arranged.
  • This is designed as a rotating anode X-ray tube, which contains an anode plate 3, a cathode 4 and a motor for driving the rotating anode, which has a rotor 5 and a stator 7 arranged outside the glass body of the X-ray tube 2 on an insulator 6.
  • the housing 1 has a radiation passage window 8 for the X-rays emanating from the anode plate 3.
  • a transverse wall 9 on which there is provided a resilient membrane 10, which closes the interior of the housing 1 in a liquid-tight manner, and which serves to absorb temperature-related volume fluctuations of the liquid in the interior of the housing 1.
  • the supply voltages required to operate the X-ray tube namely the cathode heating voltage, the high voltage and the voltage required to drive the rotating anode, are emitted by a generator device 11, with only a single line 12 between the generator device 11 and the for the sake of clarity in the figure X-ray tube 2 is shown.
  • the generator device 11 is connected to a data processing device 33, via whose keyboard 39 the operating data of the X-ray tube 2 can be set and the X-ray emitter can be put into operation.
  • the X-ray emitter In order to keep the rise in the liquid pressure in the housing 1 due to the heat loss of the liquid in the housing 1 due to the heat loss emitted by the X-ray tube 2 in operation below the limit value to be complied with for safety reasons, the X-ray emitter has a protective device which prevents it from operating the liquid pressure in the housing 1 exceeds the limit value.
  • the protective device comprises a pressure sensor 32, which is attached to the housing 1 in such a way that it is directly exposed to the liquid pressure inside the housing 1, a contactor 14 for connecting the X-ray tube 2 to the generator device 11, the contacts 14a, of which only one is shown for the sake of clarity, and has an excitation winding 14b, and a voltage source 42 to which the excitation winding 14b of the contactor 14 can be connected by means of a switching stage 43.
  • the data processing device 33 is part of the protective device.
  • the data processing device 33 comprises one Multiplexer 34, an analog / digital converter 35, a computing device 36, a memory 37, an output unit 38 and a keyboard 39.
  • the keyboard 39 connected to the computing device 36, it is possible to enter the limit value of the liquid pressure in the housing 1. This is then stored in the memory 37 by the computing device 36 and is available there.
  • the operating data for the X-ray emitter can be selected using the keyboard 39, the computing device 36 acting on the generator device 11 via the output unit 38 and causing the latter to provide the corresponding voltages for the X-ray tube 2.
  • the voltages actually emitted by the generator device 11 are fed to a multiplexer 34, to which the signal emitted by the pressure sensor 32, which continuously emits a signal corresponding to the instantaneous value of the liquid pressure in the housing 1, is also fed.
  • the multiplexer 34 From the multiplexer 34, they arrive at the analog / digital converter 35 and from there to the computing device 36. This constantly compares the liquid pressure currently prevailing in the interior of the housing 1 with the value for the limit value of the liquid pressure stored in the memory 37. As long as the liquid pressure in the housing 1 is below the limit value, the contact 14a of the contactor is closed and the X-ray tube 2 is thus connected to the generator circuit 11. It is then operated with the operating data set via the keyboard 39.
  • the computing device 36 acts via the output unit 38 on the switching stage 43 in such a way that the excitation coil 14b of the contactor 14 is disconnected from the voltage source 42, with the result that the contact 14a of the contactor opens and the X-ray tube 2 is separated from the generator device 11, so that the operation of the X-ray emitter is prevented.
  • the x-ray emitter has a warning device which emits a warning signal when the threshold value of the liquid pressure in the housing 1 is below the limit value which is decisive for the protective device.
  • the warning device has a warning lamp 17, an acoustic signal transmitter 18, switching stages 40 and 41 and a time display 44.
  • the data processing device 33 is also part of the warning device.
  • the threshold value of the liquid pressure in the housing 1 which is relevant for the response of the warning device can likewise be entered into the memory 37 of the computing device 36 by means of the keyboard 39. If the liquid pressure in the housing 1 exceeds the threshold value, the computing device 36 acts via the output unit 38 on the switching stages 40 and 41 in such a way that the warning lamp 17 and the acoustic signal generator 18 are connected to the voltage source 42.
  • the threshold value at which the warning device responds is dimensioned, depending on the area of use of the x-ray emitter, in such a way that the warning signal is emitted at a point in time which is sufficiently long before the protective device responds in order to enable the operating personnel to decide whether an intended examination is to be carried out can still be started, or an examination that is already being carried out can still be ended or has to be stopped for safety reasons.
  • the computing device 36 continuously calculates from the instantaneous value of the liquid pressure and the values supplied to it via the multiplexer 34 and the analog / digital converter 35 for the operating data of the X-ray tube 2 and the stored limit value of the liquid pressure and shows the period of time until it is reached this via the output device 38 on a time display 44.
  • the time remaining in the currently set operating data of the X-ray tube 2 until the protective device responds appears on the time display 44. If the operating data of the x-ray tube 2 are changed in a way that affects the heat loss emitted by the x-ray tube 2 per unit of time, this is immediately taken into account in the calculation of the time remaining until the protective device responds, so that changes in the operating data of the x-ray tube also occur 2 correct information can always be found on the time display 44 during the examination.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
EP88101814A 1987-02-20 1988-02-08 Röntgenstrahler Expired - Lifetime EP0283688B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3705544 1987-02-20
DE3705544 1987-02-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0283688A1 EP0283688A1 (de) 1988-09-28
EP0283688B1 true EP0283688B1 (de) 1992-11-11

Family

ID=6321450

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88101814A Expired - Lifetime EP0283688B1 (de) 1987-02-20 1988-02-08 Röntgenstrahler

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4862489A (es)
EP (1) EP0283688B1 (es)
JP (1) JPH0515760Y2 (es)
DE (1) DE3875764D1 (es)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2646982B1 (fr) * 1989-05-10 1992-02-07 Gen Electric Cgr Dispositif de securite pour ensemble radiogene
US5056129A (en) * 1989-09-12 1991-10-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Apparatus for monitoring X-ray beam alignment
FR2679762B1 (fr) * 1991-07-31 1993-11-05 General Electric Cgr Sa Dispositif de securite dans un appareil de radiologie.
DE19707726C1 (de) * 1997-02-26 1998-09-24 Siemens Ag Röntgenstrahler mit Sicherungseinrichtung
DE19707996A1 (de) * 1997-02-27 1998-09-10 Siemens Ag Warnvorrichtung für eine Röntgenstrahlungsquelle
DE10314538A1 (de) * 2003-03-31 2004-10-28 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Erfassung des in einer Röntgenröhre herrschenden Drucks
DE102015212393B4 (de) 2015-07-02 2021-08-12 Siemens Healthcare Gmbh Behälter für einen Röntgengenerator mit einer Druckausgleichsvorrichtung und Röntgengenerator mit einem Behälter
CN109646029A (zh) * 2019-01-15 2019-04-19 麦默真空技术无锡有限公司 一种ct球管故障预警的控制方法及系统

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL38693C (es) * 1931-11-13
DE738296C (de) * 1937-02-28 1943-08-10 Electricitaetsgesellschaft San Vorrichtung zur Vermeidung oertlicher UEberhitzung bei raeumlich einstellbaren, mit einem Isolier- und Kuehlmittel gefuellten Behaeltern fuer Roentgenroehren
GB556434A (en) * 1942-03-31 1943-10-05 Edwin Russell Goldfield X-ray tube safety switch
GB834719A (en) * 1957-11-04 1960-05-11 William Warren Triggs Safety x-ray tube housing
US3746862A (en) * 1970-11-30 1973-07-17 Picker Corp Protective circuit for x-ray tube and method of operation
US3955119A (en) * 1973-01-29 1976-05-04 Varian Associates Apparatus for predicting incipient failure of an X-ray generator tube
JPS5160772U (es) * 1974-11-08 1976-05-13
DE2813860A1 (de) * 1978-03-31 1979-10-04 Philips Patentverwaltung Eintank-roentgengenerator
JPS54146587A (en) * 1978-05-09 1979-11-15 Toshiba Corp Monitor device for x-ray generator
US4386320A (en) * 1978-09-15 1983-05-31 Lafrance Robert R X-Ray system signal derivation circuits for heat unit indicators and/or calibration meters

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4862489A (en) 1989-08-29
JPS63133098U (es) 1988-08-31
JPH0515760Y2 (es) 1993-04-26
DE3875764D1 (de) 1992-12-17
EP0283688A1 (de) 1988-09-28

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