EP0280765A2 - Procédé et installation pour la fabrication de pièces coulée de bains métallique d'alliages d'acier traité sous pression - Google Patents

Procédé et installation pour la fabrication de pièces coulée de bains métallique d'alliages d'acier traité sous pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0280765A2
EP0280765A2 EP87114822A EP87114822A EP0280765A2 EP 0280765 A2 EP0280765 A2 EP 0280765A2 EP 87114822 A EP87114822 A EP 87114822A EP 87114822 A EP87114822 A EP 87114822A EP 0280765 A2 EP0280765 A2 EP 0280765A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
melt
casting
treatment vessel
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87114822A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0280765B1 (fr
EP0280765A3 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Holzgruber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH
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Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH
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Publication date
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Application filed by Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH filed Critical Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH
Publication of EP0280765A2 publication Critical patent/EP0280765A2/fr
Publication of EP0280765A3 publication Critical patent/EP0280765A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0280765B1 publication Critical patent/EP0280765B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/09—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
    • B22D27/13—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure making use of gas pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/113—Treating the molten metal by vacuum treating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0081—Treating and handling under pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for the production of castings, such as blocks, strands or molded parts made of metals, in particular of steels and steel-like alloys, which have higher contents of elements with high vapor pressure or gases than at atmospheric pressure in the molten state and during solidification stay in solution.
  • Examples of this are the treatment of molten steel with alkaline earth metals, in particular with Ca, which usually has only a very limited solubility and has a vapor pressure of more than 1 bar at the temperatures of the molten steel.
  • Another example is nitrogen, which is also only soluble to a limited extent, depending on the alloy composition.
  • Treatment of the liquid melt under excess pressure with alkaline earth metals, in particular with Ca, allows, for example, the conversion of the phosphorus from the metal into the slag under reducing conditions. Such a treatment also enables the deposition of Cu, Sn etc. and their transfer into the slag.
  • N represents the nitrogen content in the melt as a percentage by weight
  • K represents a proportionality constant, the size of which is determined, among other things, by the alloy composition
  • P the partial pressure of the nitrogen in bar.
  • the element nitrogen is an interesting alloying element in that it is able to stabilize austenite as a structural component in iron alloys and to increase its strength. Therefore, efforts are often made to set higher nitrogen contents in iron-based alloys than the solubility at atmospheric pressure.
  • melt induction melting In pressure induction melting, a conventional induction furnace is installed in a pressure chamber and the melt is produced under a pressure that is Setting the desired nitrogen content in the melt allows. The melt is then poured off under pressure and also allowed to solidify under pressure in the same pressure chamber. This procedure is common in laboratory systems and has been carried out several times for melt sizes up to 100 kg.
  • the metal is melted by a plasma arc in a melting vessel, nitrogen being added to the gas of the plasma torch. Since the nitrogen in the plasma is converted into the monatomic form, the solubility in the melt is increased at the same pressure, since this becomes directly proportional to the partial pressure of the nitrogen in the gas.
  • the plasma gas In order to avoid pore formation by N2 during the subsequent solidification of the melt - where the square root law is valid again - depending on the pressure, the plasma gas must also contain argon in addition to nitrogen in order to limit the nitrogen contents in the melt accordingly. To date, such a plant has been announced in the Soviet Union, which produces blocks up to about 1 t in weight.
  • the nitrogen absorption of the melt essentially takes place from the gas phase above the melt, this is not possible with electro-slag remelting.
  • the melt bath is covered during the entire remelting process by a molten slag, the solubility of which is low for nitrogen.
  • the invention is based on the object, while avoiding the disadvantages described above, to bring any metal melt under positive pressure specifically to desired contents of elements with high vapor pressure or gases which are above the solubility at atmospheric pressure and then to pour them into any casting mold and likewise to freeze under pressure.
  • a pre-melt is produced in any open melting unit and first poured under atmospheric pressure into a refractory heatable treatment vessel, then a gas pressure above atmospheric pressure is built up over the melt and is maintained throughout the heating and treatment time - -
  • the melt can be covered by a slag -, the melt is continuously stirred and / or flushed with gas and either by flushing with the gas conditions or elements and / or by adding alloys containing the element or the substance to the desired content of this element or substance, the gas pressure above the melt being at least the partial pressure which is in equilibrium with the desired content of the melt of the corresponding element or substance, and that the melt after adjusting the composition and the pouring temperature directly from the treatment vessel via a suitably closable and openable closure and pouring element into a likewise pressurized - conventional - mold, ceramic or metallic mold or continuous casting mold is poured.
  • the melt is instead pressed directly into a casting mold by increasing the pressure above the melt by the - known per se - method of die casting.
  • the cast body thus formed is allowed to solidify, the pressure over the mold being maintained throughout the solidification phase; according to the invention, the pressure is kept or set as high as it corresponds to the vapor pressure of the element or substance alloyed under pressure in the melt during the transition from the liquid to the solid state.
  • the device according to the invention for which independent protection is desired, has a conventional ladle as a treatment vessel, which is placed in a closable pressure tank.
  • the pressure vessel itself also forms the treatment vessel and is delivered fireproof.
  • Gas purging in the treatment vessel is expediently carried out using a gas purging plug, but in principle a purging plug can also be used. Stirring of the melt is generally effected by gas purging, but inductive stirring is also possible.
  • the melt can be heated inductively in the closed treatment vessel. Heating by means of a plasma torch or electric arc is also possible.
  • the alloying of the melt with the substances which are only soluble to a greater extent under pressure can be carried out by flushing the melt with this gas.
  • the casting of the melt treated in the treatment vessel and brought to temperature can in principle be carried out in various ways, which will be described in more detail below.
  • a melt 10 is provided in a pressure vessel 12 closed by a lid 11 in a conventional ladle 13, which is opened by opening a slide closure 14 under a melt outlet 14 into a one under the ladle 13 - in turn in the pressure vessel 12 - Mold or mold 16, is poured.
  • the ladle 13 is closed by a lid 17 serving as radiation protection.
  • the melt 10 located in the ladle 13 is covered by a slag bath 20.
  • the latter is heated in this example according to the principle of electroslag heating by means of an immersed electrode 22, which is moved via a current-carrying electrode rod 24 in the interior 25 of the ladle 13 which passes through a bushing 23.
  • the current is returned from the melt 10 via a counterelectrode 26 in the wall 27 of the ladle 13 to a flange 28 of the pressure vessel 12 and from there via a line 2g to a current source 30.
  • the ladle 13 has a gas purging plug 32 and that melt outlet 14 with slide closure 15. Below the ladle 13, the mold 16 is arranged, into which the melt 10 is also poured off under pressure after the treatment has been completed. A pressure supply and discharge line 34 is installed in the cover 11.
  • a bricked-up pressure treatment vessel 18 closed with a lid 11 receives the melt 10 covered with slag 20. Heating takes place in the manner already described via an electrode 22 immersed in the slag 20, which is moved in the pressure vessel 18 by means of the current-carrying electrode rod 24 passing through the pressure feedthrough 23.
  • a slide closure 15 is used as the casting device, which is installed in a slide chamber 40, which is likewise under pressure and can be closed with a closure member 36.
  • a flange 37 adjoins the closure member 36 and can be pressure-tightly connected to a counter flange 38 on the cover 42 of a container 44 of a casting chamber 46.
  • a closure member 41 is installed between the counter flange 38 and the cover 42, with the aid of which the casting chamber 46 can be closed in a pressure-tight manner.
  • the interior 25 of the melt treatment vessel 18, the slide chamber 40 and the casting chamber 46 are connected to a pressure supply and discharge line 34 - which also serves as a pressure compensation line.
  • a casting mold 16 is placed in the casting chamber 46, and the flanges 37, 38 of the casting chamber 46 and slide chamber 40 are connected in a pressure-tight manner, the closure member 41 remaining open.
  • the casting chamber 46 is then brought to the same pressure that prevails in the treatment vessel 18.
  • the closure member 36 under the slide chamber 40 can now be opened.
  • the system is now ready for casting.
  • the casting process is initiated by opening the slide closure 15.
  • the melt 10 is solidified under pressure.
  • the closure member 41 installed below the connecting flange 38 to the slide chamber 40 can be closed. It is then possible to release the pressure from the melt treatment vessel 18 and the slide chamber 40 attached to it, to release the connection of the flanges 37, 38 between the slide chamber 40 and the casting chamber 46, and to remove either the latter with the casting or else the treatment vessel 18 and this in to prepare for a new treatment.
  • siphon tube 50 Another possibility is pouring through a siphon tube 50, the melt 10 being pressed through the siphon tube 50, preferably by overpressure in the treatment vessel 18.
  • 3 shows the bricked-up pressure treatment vessel 18 with the melt 10.
  • the siphon tube 50 is provided here - starting from a lowest point in the bottom 48 - which can be locked by a closure member 36.
  • the flange 37 for connection to the counter flange 38 is again attached to the cover 42 of the casting chamber 46 described above. Connecting and separating the casting chamber 46 and siphon tube 50 is carried out in the manner described above.
  • the casting is carried out by increasing the pressure in the treatment vessel 18.
  • the outlet of the siphon tube 50 is kept closed by that closure member 36. If a higher pressure is maintained in the siphon tube 50 than above the melt 10 in the treatment vessel 18, the melt 10 can be pushed back to the bottom and freezing in the unheated siphon tube 50 can be avoided. Alternatively, it is also possible to keep the siphon tube 50 inductively warm.
  • the flange connection 37, 38 is closed again and the pressure in the casting chamber 46 is built up with the closure member 41 open until it corresponds to that in the siphon tube 50. Now the closure member 36 can be opened - the system is ready to pour.
  • the casting is now initiated by increasing the pressure above the melt 10 in the treatment vessel 18. As a result, the melt in the siphon tube 50 is pushed up until it passes over the edge at 52 and runs into the mold 16 placed underneath. During the casting, the pressure in the treatment vessel 18 is continuously increased until the mold 16 is filled.
  • shut-off device 36 is closed and - provided there is still melt 10 in the treatment vessel 18 - the pressure in the siphon tube 50 is increased in order to push the melt 10 back again.
  • the flange connection 37, 38 between the siphon tube 50 and the casting chamber 46 can be opened, the latter can be exchanged with a casting for a new chamber, and again - as described above - connected and cast. If the melt 10 is consumed, only the closure member 41 is closed after the casting, and the treatment vessel 18 and the siphon tube 50 are relieved of pressure.
  • the flange connection 37, 38 can then be released, which makes it possible to prepare the treatment vessel 18 for the reception of a new melt 10.
  • a slide closure can also be attached to the side of the pressure treatment vessel 18, which is again housed in its own slide chamber which is closed by a closure member and can be pressurized.
  • a slide 15 built into a pressure slide chamber 40 e is installed on the side of the wall 27.
  • the slide chamber 40 e can be closed again with a closure member 36, to which a flange 37 connects, which can be closed pressure-tight with the counter flange 38 of the horizontally arranged casting chamber 46 e .
  • the horizontal continuous casting mold 16 e can be moved up and flanged to the slide 15 when the closure member 36 is open.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
EP87114822A 1987-03-03 1987-10-10 Procédé et installation pour la fabrication de pièces coulée de bains métallique d'alliages d'acier traité sous pression Expired - Lifetime EP0280765B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT46287 1987-03-03
AT462/87 1987-03-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0280765A2 true EP0280765A2 (fr) 1988-09-07
EP0280765A3 EP0280765A3 (en) 1989-03-08
EP0280765B1 EP0280765B1 (fr) 1991-12-27

Family

ID=3491268

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87114822A Expired - Lifetime EP0280765B1 (fr) 1987-03-03 1987-10-10 Procédé et installation pour la fabrication de pièces coulée de bains métallique d'alliages d'acier traité sous pression

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0280765B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE70751T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3775546D1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2240499A (en) * 1990-02-05 1991-08-07 Labate Michael D Method for producing clean steel for continuous casting
EP0727500A1 (fr) * 1995-02-20 1996-08-21 Inteco Internationale Technische Beratung Gesellschaft mbH Procédé et installation pour la fabrication de lingots métalliques
CN116121549A (zh) * 2021-11-12 2023-05-16 东北大学 一种真空多功能电渣炉
WO2024087545A1 (fr) * 2022-10-24 2024-05-02 华北理工大学 Dispositif et procédé de production d'un acier à ultra-haute teneur en azote synergique carbone-azote au moyen d'une coulée sous pression multi-four

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19807623A1 (de) * 1998-02-21 1999-08-26 Georg Fischer Disa Ag Niederdruck-Gießverfahren für Leichtmetalle, insbesondere Aluminium
DE102014110251A1 (de) * 2014-07-21 2016-01-21 Stephan Schwenkel Schmelzaggregat zum Einschmelzen von Gusswerkstoffen sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schmelze für das Gießen

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1236543B (de) * 1961-10-13 1967-03-16 Wilhelm Stich Dipl Ing Dr Tech Verfahren zur Hochdruck-Waermebehandlung im Vakuum hergestellten Stahles
DE3232551A1 (de) * 1981-12-01 1983-06-09 Iso "Metalurgkomplekt", Sofija Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung und raffinierung von fluessigen metallegierungen mittels gleichstrom-lichtbogenerhitzung
EP0094334A1 (fr) * 1982-05-07 1983-11-16 Paul Metz Dispositif pour le traitement métallurgique de métaux liquides

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1236543B (de) * 1961-10-13 1967-03-16 Wilhelm Stich Dipl Ing Dr Tech Verfahren zur Hochdruck-Waermebehandlung im Vakuum hergestellten Stahles
DE3232551A1 (de) * 1981-12-01 1983-06-09 Iso "Metalurgkomplekt", Sofija Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung und raffinierung von fluessigen metallegierungen mittels gleichstrom-lichtbogenerhitzung
EP0094334A1 (fr) * 1982-05-07 1983-11-16 Paul Metz Dispositif pour le traitement métallurgique de métaux liquides

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2240499A (en) * 1990-02-05 1991-08-07 Labate Michael D Method for producing clean steel for continuous casting
GB2240499B (en) * 1990-02-05 1993-08-11 Labate Michael D Method for producing clean steel
EP0727500A1 (fr) * 1995-02-20 1996-08-21 Inteco Internationale Technische Beratung Gesellschaft mbH Procédé et installation pour la fabrication de lingots métalliques
CN116121549A (zh) * 2021-11-12 2023-05-16 东北大学 一种真空多功能电渣炉
WO2024087545A1 (fr) * 2022-10-24 2024-05-02 华北理工大学 Dispositif et procédé de production d'un acier à ultra-haute teneur en azote synergique carbone-azote au moyen d'une coulée sous pression multi-four

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3775546D1 (de) 1992-02-06
ATE70751T1 (de) 1992-01-15
EP0280765B1 (fr) 1991-12-27
EP0280765A3 (en) 1989-03-08
DE3734406A1 (de) 1988-09-15

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