EP0280228A1 - Combined wood and concrete floor - Google Patents

Combined wood and concrete floor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0280228A1
EP0280228A1 EP88102559A EP88102559A EP0280228A1 EP 0280228 A1 EP0280228 A1 EP 0280228A1 EP 88102559 A EP88102559 A EP 88102559A EP 88102559 A EP88102559 A EP 88102559A EP 0280228 A1 EP0280228 A1 EP 0280228A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor
tube
concrete
beams
wood
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Granted
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EP88102559A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0280228B1 (en
Inventor
Alain Grimaud
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ENTREPRISE PARIS OUEST
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ENTREPRISE PARIS OUEST
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Priority to AT88102559T priority Critical patent/ATE65100T1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E04B5/26—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with filling members between the beams
    • E04B5/261—Monolithic filling members
    • E04B5/263—Monolithic filling members with a flat lower surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/48—Dowels, i.e. members adapted to penetrate the surfaces of two parts and to take the shear stresses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E04B2005/232—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with special provisions for connecting wooden stiffening ribs or other wooden beam-like formations to the concrete slab
    • E04B2005/237—Separate connecting elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
    • E04G2023/0248—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements of elements made of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
    • E04G2023/0251—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements by using fiber reinforced plastic elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the production or reinforcement of floors formed on wooden beams. It applies in particular when such beams can be brought to the site of an existing construction to renovate, transform, or consolidate, such constructions can be for example residential buildings, workshops, walkways or bridges.
  • Its resistant profile is a T-profile, the lower part of which is a wooden beam and the upper part of a concrete slab, generally of compression. This slab was cast on a formwork lost or not, placed on the beams or between them.
  • a distribution trellis made of steel and embedded in the concrete ensures the resistance of the slab to punctures and transverse bending.
  • the composite beams formed by this T-shaped profile are most often simply supported on their ends.
  • This case is the simplest and will be considered below by way of example, it being understood that, if the beams are locally embedded or bear on intermediate supports, the forces are locally reversed.
  • the composite beams work in simple bending.
  • Their neutral fiber is preferably located in the vicinity of the lost formwork, the dimensions of the wood and the concrete being chosen accordingly. Concrete works in compression, wood in tension, in the longitudinal direction, and the connectors support the internal shearing effects which are exerted between wood and concrete in the same direction.
  • the connectors are formed by vertical nails partially driven into the upper faces of the joists through the formwork before the slab is poured. The head and the upper part of each of these nails is embedded in the concrete during this pouring.
  • a floor is described in an article by Godycki et al. "Verbunddecke aus Holzrippen und Betonplatte” (Bauingenieur 59 (1984) 477-483, Springer-Verlag, German Federal Republic).
  • Such connectors have the disadvantage that their middle and lower sections flex easily under the internal longitudinal forces mentioned above. They then tilt in the wood. This bending of the connectors results in deformation of the floor and a reduction in its resistance.
  • the connectors are also metallic and they are rigid. They are formed by connection plates made of sheet metal and extending vertically and longitudinally in contact with the two sides of each beam. Pointed transverse horizontal nailing teeth can be formed by cutting and bending horizontally certain areas of each such plate. They penetrate into the side of the beams to fix the plate during an operation which can be called "nailing". This operation can however also be carried out using ordinary horizontal transverse nails passing through the plate. The upper part of the plate overflows above the beam and is cut to form pointed vertical connection teeth which pass through the formwork when it is placed on these beams and which are then embedded in the concrete of the slab.
  • the object of the present invention is to economically produce a wood-concrete collaboration floor of increased strength. It aims more particularly to produce connectors and to put them into service in such a floor in a simple and effective manner which avoids the drawbacks indicated above.
  • the floor according to the invention comprises certain elements which are analogous to elements of the known floor with rigid metal connectors previously described. These are wooden beams extending in a longitudinal direction and succeeding each other in a transverse direction in a substantially horizontal beam plane, these beams resting on supports for supporting the floor, each of them having an upper face, a face lower and two lateral sides, - a concrete slab formed on these beams to constitute the surface of the floor and participate in the resistance of the latter, - And connectors each embedded on the one hand by a lower section in one of these beams on the other hand by an upper section in this slab, these connectors having a stiffness allowing them, without significant deformation, to transmit between the concrete of said slab and wood of said beams, the internal longitudinal forces which result from the bending loads applied to the floor.
  • the floor according to the invention is characterized in that each of said connectors in the form of a tube, said lower section of this tube occupying a housing hollowed out in the wood of the upper face of a said beam so that this section constitutes, with respect to said internal longitudinal forces, an extended bearing surface of this tube on the wall of this housing and that the stiffness of this tube distributes these forces over this entire bearing surface.
  • This tube will hereinafter be called connector tube.
  • - Said housing and said lower section of said connector tube are made so that the outer wall of this section is in permanent support over substantially its entire surface against the wall of this housing.
  • This housing is made in the form of a groove leaving a core of the wood of said beam.
  • the diameter of said connector tube is sufficient to allow the concrete to penetrate without appreciable segregation into the interior space of said upper section of this tube during the pouring of said concrete slab, so as to reinforce the embedding of this section in this slab after the concrete has hardened.
  • - Said connector tube is made of a material having a higher and / or more homogeneous mechanical resistance than that of the wood of said beams and the concrete of said slab.
  • - Said connector tube has vertical generators and a circular section so as to allow a simple manufacture and to allow an easy realization of its housing in said wooden beam.
  • - Its diameter is between 30 and 130mm and preferably between 40 and 100mm approximately.
  • - Its height is between 6 and 15cm and preferably between 8 and 12cm approximately.
  • - Said lower section of said connector tube penetrates into the upper face of said wooden beam over a fraction less than half the height of this beam.
  • - It has a diameter less than the width of this beam in said transverse direction, and its said lower section remains at a distance from the sides so as to be protected against heat and / or corrosion by a thickness of wood from these sides. This latter arrangement also makes it possible to lay rectangular beams between the beams which rest on the edges of these beams.
  • said beams When producing such a floor, said beams are placed in said longitudinal direction which is horizontal.
  • said connector tubes which are for example metallic. Their lower sections are driven into grooves provided for this purpose in the upper faces of the beams, their axes being vertical. Their upper sections are then embedded in the concrete when the slab is poured. Their role is to prevent the relative horizontal displacement of the wooden beams and the concrete slab when the floor is subjected to bending forces.
  • the floor given by way of example comprises wooden beams or joists such as 2 which can be solid or laminated, and which extend longitudinally as well as their fibers.
  • a lost formwork 4 of known type rests on these beams.
  • a layer of sound and thermal insulation 6 is placed on this formwork, it being understood that this layer can be omitted without loss of the specific advantages of the present invention.
  • a concrete slab 8 is poured on this layer. It is reinforced in a known manner by a metallic distribution trellis which comprises transverse reinforcements such as 10 and longitudinal reinforcements such as 12.
  • the center distance between beams can be from 0.6 to 1.2 m approximately, for example 0 , 7m.
  • Connector tubes 14 extend vertically and each have a lower section 14B embedded in a beam 2, and an upper section 14A embedded in the slab 8 up to, for example, 2 cm from the upper face thereof.
  • the trellis 10, 12 is placed on these connector tubes which makes it possible to maintain its altitude before and during the pouring of this slab.
  • Such connector tubes could also have a non-embedded intermediate section at the level of the formwork 4 and of the insulation layer 6.
  • the formwork 4 and the insulation layer 8 have been drilled with holes 5 which are wider than the connector tubes so that, when the slab is poured, the concrete fills them without segregation on either side of the walls of the connectors 14.
  • the diameter of each hole in the formwork 4 is however sufficiently limited so that the edge of the latter rests on the beam 2 all around the hole.
  • the connector tubes 14 have a circular section of 40 to 100 mm in diameter depending on the span of the beams and a height of 8 to 12 cm.
  • the thickness of the sheet which constitutes them is for example 2mm.
  • the depth of the groove 15 is for example 4 cm.
  • outside and inside diameters of this tool are for example chosen exactly equal to those of the connector tubes, which then requires the application of a moderate vertical force to drive these tubes.
  • the connector tubes are made of structural steel. They could be made of other materials with high and homogeneous mechanical resistance, such as resins reinforced with glass fibers, for example.
  • a vertical slip between the concrete slab and the connector could occur for example in the presence of high frequency alternating loads. It is prevented by simply leaving the saw burrs of the tubes on the upper edge for example. It could also be by welding the reinforcements.
  • cylindrical connector tubes of circular section could be produced in the form of tubes split along a generator so as to be able to easily adapt to housings of slightly different diameters.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

A concrete slab (8) is cast over wooden beams (2) and is connected to the beams by metal connector tubes (14) of circular section, each of which is embedded at one end by being forced into a circular groove provided for the purpose in a beam and at its other end in the slab by virtue of the concrete being cast thereover. The invention is applicable to building or converting buildings and also to works such as gangways and bridges.

Description

La présente invention concerne la réalisation ou le renforcement de planchers formés sur des poutres de bois. Elle s'applique notamment lorsque de telles poutres peuvent être amenées sur le chantier d'une construction existante à rénover, transformer, ou consolider, de telles constructions pouvant être par exemple des bâtiments d'habitation, des ateliers, des passerelles ou des ponts.The present invention relates to the production or reinforcement of floors formed on wooden beams. It applies in particular when such beams can be brought to the site of an existing construction to renovate, transform, or consolidate, such constructions can be for example residential buildings, workshops, walkways or bridges.

Le principe du plancher à collaboration bois-béton est connu. Son profil résistant est un profil en T dont la partie inférieure est une poutre de bois et la partie supérieure une dalle, généralement de compression, en béton. Cette dalle a été coulée sur un coffrage perdu on non, disposé sur les poutres ou entre elles.The principle of the wood-concrete collaboration floor is known. Its resistant profile is a T-profile, the lower part of which is a wooden beam and the upper part of a concrete slab, generally of compression. This slab was cast on a formwork lost or not, placed on the beams or between them.

La collaboration entre le bois et le béton est assurée par des connecteurs métalliques dont la rigidité et l'encastrement dans le bois et le béton empêchent tout déplacement relatif des constituants dans le sens de la portée, c'est-à-dire dans la direction longitudinales des poutres. La répartition des connecteurs est semblable à celle des étriers dans une poutre de béton armé.The collaboration between wood and concrete is ensured by metal connectors whose rigidity and embedding in wood and concrete prevent any relative displacement of the constituents in the direction of the span, that is to say in the direction longitudinal of the beams. The distribution of connectors is similar to that of stirrups in a reinforced concrete beam.

Un treillis de répartition constitué d'acier et noyé dans le béton assure la résistance de la dalle aux poinçonnements et à la flexion transversale.A distribution trellis made of steel and embedded in the concrete ensures the resistance of the slab to punctures and transverse bending.

En ce qui concerne la résistance des matériaux les poutres composites constituées par ce profil en T sont le plus souvent en appui simple sur leurs extrémités. Ce cas est le plus simple et sera considéré ci-après à titre d'exemple, étant entendu que, si les poutres sont localement encastrées ou portent sur des appuis intermédiaires, les efforts sont localement inversés. Dans ce cas simple les poutres composites travaillent en flexion simple. Leur fibre neutre se situe de préférence au voisinage du coffrage perdu, les dimensions du bois et du béton étant choisies en conséquence. Le béton travaille en compression, le bois en traction, selon la direction longitudinale, et les connecteurs supportent les effects internes de cisaillement qui s'exercent entre bois et béton selon la même direction.As regards the resistance of the materials, the composite beams formed by this T-shaped profile are most often simply supported on their ends. This case is the simplest and will be considered below by way of example, it being understood that, if the beams are locally embedded or bear on intermediate supports, the forces are locally reversed. In this simple case the composite beams work in simple bending. Their neutral fiber is preferably located in the vicinity of the lost formwork, the dimensions of the wood and the concrete being chosen accordingly. Concrete works in compression, wood in tension, in the longitudinal direction, and the connectors support the internal shearing effects which are exerted between wood and concrete in the same direction.

Dans un premier plancher connu de ce type les connecteurs sont constitués par des clous verticaux enfoncés partiellement dans les faces supérieures des solives à travers le coffrage avant le coulage de la dalle. La tête et la partie supérieure de chacun de ces clous est noyée dans le béton lors de ce coulage. Un tel plancher est décrit dans un article de Godycki et autres "Verbunddecke aus Holzrippen und Betonplatte" (Bauingenieur 59 (1984) 477-483, Springer-Verlag, République Fédérale Allemande). De tels connecteurs présentent l'inconvénient que leurs tronçons médian et inférieur fléchissent facilement sous les efforts longitudinaux internes précédemment mentionnés. Ils s'inclinent alors dans le bois. Cette flexion des connecteurs entraîne une déformation du plancher et une diminution de sa résistance.In a first known floor of this type, the connectors are formed by vertical nails partially driven into the upper faces of the joists through the formwork before the slab is poured. The head and the upper part of each of these nails is embedded in the concrete during this pouring. Such a floor is described in an article by Godycki et al. "Verbunddecke aus Holzrippen und Betonplatte" (Bauingenieur 59 (1984) 477-483, Springer-Verlag, German Federal Republic). Such connectors have the disadvantage that their middle and lower sections flex easily under the internal longitudinal forces mentioned above. They then tilt in the wood. This bending of the connectors results in deformation of the floor and a reduction in its resistance.

Dans un second plancher connu les connecteurs sont également métalliques et ils sont rigides. Ils sont formés par des plaques de connexion consituées de tôle et s'étendant verticalement et longitudinalement au contact des deux flancs de chaque poutre. Des dents de clouage horizontales transversales pointues peuvent être formées par découpage et pliage à l'horizontale de certaines zones de chaque telle plaque. Elles pénétrent dans le flanc des poutres pour fixer la plaque lors d'une opération qui peut être appelée "clouage". Cette opération peut cependant aussi être réalisée à l'aide de clous ordinaires horizontaux transversaux traversant la plaque. La partie supérieure de la plaque déborde au dessus de la poutre et est découpée pour former des dents de connexion verticales pointues qui traversent le coffrage lorsque celui-ci est posé sur ces poutres et qui sont ensuite noyées dans le béton de la dalle.In a second known floor, the connectors are also metallic and they are rigid. They are formed by connection plates made of sheet metal and extending vertically and longitudinally in contact with the two sides of each beam. Pointed transverse horizontal nailing teeth can be formed by cutting and bending horizontally certain areas of each such plate. They penetrate into the side of the beams to fix the plate during an operation which can be called "nailing". This operation can however also be carried out using ordinary horizontal transverse nails passing through the plate. The upper part of the plate overflows above the beam and is cut to form pointed vertical connection teeth which pass through the formwork when it is placed on these beams and which are then embedded in the concrete of the slab.

Un tel second plancher est évoqué sans être précisément décrit dans le document de brevet européen EP-A1-0104629 (Poutanen, Tuomo Tapani).Such a second floor is mentioned without being precisely described in the European patent document EP-A1-0104629 (Poutanen, Tuomo Tapani).

Ce second plancher connu présente notamment l'avantage que la forme des connecteurs donne à chacun d'eux une grande raideur d'ensemble vis-à-vis des efforts de flexion constitués par les efforts internes longitudinaux précédemment mentionnés. Mais il présente divers inconvénients parmi ceux qui vont être indiqués.

  • 1° Si, pour l'opération de clouage précédemment mentionnée, on utilise des dents de clouage préalablement formées par découpage et pliage de certaines zones de la plaque, cette opération nécessite l'utilisation d'une presse capable d'exercer un effort important.
          S'il s'agit d'une construction neuve elle peut être assez aisément effectuée à l'aide d'une grosse presse disposée à demeure dans un atelier. Mais le stockage et la manutention des poutres deviennent délicats après cette opération notamment en raison de la faible raideur des dents de connexion et des plaques dans le sens transversal. Si au contraire on utilise des poutres qui sont déjà en place, il est généralement difficile de mettre en oeuvre une telle grosse presse au contact de ces poutres. Si enfin l'opération de clouage est réalisée à l'aide de clous ordinaires, ces clous peuvent fléchir dans le bois.
  • 2° Les dents de connexion forment des groupes au sein de chacun desquels elles se succèdent longitudinalement à petit intervalle. Lors du coulage de la dalle les granulats du béton s'insérent diffici­lement entre deux dents successives ce qui affaiblit le béton dans une zone où il est fortement sollicité par le connecteur.
  • 3° La liaison entre la plaque et la poutre ne peut être parfaitement rigide. En effet si les dents de clouage sont formées à la fabrication du connecteur dans des plans verticaux transversaux par pliage de la tôle autour d'une ligne de pliage verticale, les efforts longitudinaux en service peuvent les faire facilement plier autour de cette ligne. Si ces dents sont formées dans des plans horizontaux par pliage autour de lignes horizontales longitudinales, ces dents ne présentant qu'une surface d'appui très petite sur le bois dans le sens longitudinal, cette surface correspondant à l'épaisseur de la tôle, et il en résulte que les efforts longitudinaux appliqués en service peuvent facilement pousser ces dents à travers le bois.
  • 4° Si on n'accepte pas que le coffrage de la dalle soit percé par les dents de connexion lors de la mise en place de ce coffrage, et si on préfére alors constituer le coffrage par des plaques de coffrage posées chacune sur les bords de deux poutres adjacentes, la présence des plaques de connexion qui sont clouées sur les flancs des poutres et qui débordent localement au dessus de celle-ci est gênante pour poser les plaques de coffrage sur les poutres.
  • 5° La partie inférieure des plaques reste apparente, ce qui nuit à l'homogénéité esthétique du bois.
  • 6° Les plaques étant apparentes et pénétrant dans les flancs des poutres, la connection est exposée aux élévations de températures produites par un incendie. Elle présente donc un degré de sécurité qui n'est pas satisfaisant.
This second known floor has the particular advantage that the shape of the connectors gives each of them a great overall stiffness vis-à-vis the bending forces formed by the longitudinal internal forces previously mentioned. But he presents various disadvantages among those which will be indicated.
  • 1 ° If, for the above-mentioned nailing operation, nailing teeth previously formed by cutting and bending certain areas of the plate are used, this operation requires the use of a press capable of exerting a large force.
    If it is a new construction, it can be fairly easily carried out using a large press permanently installed in a workshop. However, the storage and handling of the beams becomes delicate after this operation, in particular because of the low stiffness of the connection teeth and of the plates in the transverse direction. If on the contrary one uses beams which are already in place, it is generally difficult to implement such a large press in contact with these beams. If finally the nailing operation is carried out using ordinary nails, these nails can bend in the wood.
  • 2 ° The connecting teeth form groups within each of which they succeed longitudinally at small intervals. When pouring the slab, the concrete aggregates are difficult to insert between two successive teeth, which weakens the concrete in an area where it is highly stressed by the connector.
  • 3 ° The connection between the plate and the beam cannot be perfectly rigid. Indeed, if the nailing teeth are formed during the manufacture of the connector in transverse vertical planes by folding the sheet around a vertical fold line, the longitudinal forces in service can easily make them fold around this line. If these teeth are formed in horizontal planes by folding around longitudinal horizontal lines, these teeth having only a very small bearing surface on the wood in the longitudinal direction, this surface corresponding to the thickness of the sheet, and as a result, the longitudinal forces applied in service can easily push these teeth through the wood.
  • 4 ° If we do not accept that the formwork of the slab is pierced by the connection teeth during the installation of this formwork, and if we then prefer to form the formwork by formwork plates each placed on the edges of two adjacent beams, the presence of the connection plates which are nailed to the sides of the beams and which protrude locally above it is inconvenient for placing the formwork plates on the beams.
  • 5 ° The lower part of the plates remains visible, which harms the aesthetic homogeneity of the wood.
  • 6 ° The plates being visible and penetrating into the sides of the beams, the connection is exposed to the temperature increases produced by a fire. It therefore has a degree of security which is not satisfactory.

La présente invention a pour but de réaliser de manière écono­mique un plancher à collaboration bois-béton de résistance accrue. Elle a plus particulièrement pour but de réaliser des connecteurs et de les mettre en service dans un tel plancher d'une manière simple et efficace qui évite les inconvénients indiqués ci-dessus.The object of the present invention is to economically produce a wood-concrete collaboration floor of increased strength. It aims more particularly to produce connectors and to put them into service in such a floor in a simple and effective manner which avoids the drawbacks indicated above.

Le plancher selon l'invention comporte certains éléments qui sont analogues à des éléments du plancher connu à connecteurs métalliques rigides précédemment décrit. Ce sont des poutres de bois s'étendant selon une direction longitudinale et se succèdant selon une direction transversale dans un plan de poutraison sensi­blement horizontal, ces poutres reposant sur des appuis pour supporter le plancher, chacune d'elles présentant une face supérieure, une face inférieure et deux flancs latéraux,
- une dalle de béton formée sur ces poutres pour constituer la surface du plancher et participer à la résistance de celui-ci,
- et des connecteurs encastrés chacun d'une part par un tronçon inférieur dans l'une de ces poutres d'autre part par un tronçon supérieur dans cette dalle, ces connecteurs présentant une raideur leur permettant, sans déformation sensible, de transmettre, entre le béton de ladite dalle et le bois desdites poutres, les efforts longitudinaux internes qui résultent des charges de flexion appliquées au plancher.The floor according to the invention comprises certain elements which are analogous to elements of the known floor with rigid metal connectors previously described. These are wooden beams extending in a longitudinal direction and succeeding each other in a transverse direction in a substantially horizontal beam plane, these beams resting on supports for supporting the floor, each of them having an upper face, a face lower and two lateral sides,
- a concrete slab formed on these beams to constitute the surface of the floor and participate in the resistance of the latter,
- And connectors each embedded on the one hand by a lower section in one of these beams on the other hand by an upper section in this slab, these connectors having a stiffness allowing them, without significant deformation, to transmit between the concrete of said slab and wood of said beams, the internal longitudinal forces which result from the bending loads applied to the floor.

Par rapport à ce plancher connu le plancher selon l'invention est caractérisé par le fait que chacun desdits connecteurs à la forme d'un tube, ledit tronçon inférieur de ce tube occupant un logement creusé dans le bois de la face supérieure d'une dite poutre de manière que ce tronçon constitue, vis-à-vis desdits efforts longitudinaux internes, une surface étendue d'appui de ce tube sur la paroi de ce logement et que la raideur de ce tube répartisse ces efforts sur toute cette surface d'appui. Ce tube sera appelé ci-après tube connecteur.Compared to this known floor, the floor according to the invention is characterized in that each of said connectors in the form of a tube, said lower section of this tube occupying a housing hollowed out in the wood of the upper face of a said beam so that this section constitutes, with respect to said internal longitudinal forces, an extended bearing surface of this tube on the wall of this housing and that the stiffness of this tube distributes these forces over this entire bearing surface. This tube will hereinafter be called connector tube.

Selon l'invention on peut adopter de plus, au moins dans certains cas, les dispositions préférées suivantes :
- Ledit logement et ledit tronçon inférieur dudit tube connecteur sont réalisés de manière que la paroi extérieure de ce tronçon soit en appui permanent sur sensiblement toute sa surface contre la paroi de ce logement.
- Ce logement est réalisé sous la forme d'une rainure laissant subsister un noyau du bois de ladite poutre.
- Le diamètre dudit tube connecteur est suffisant pour permettre au béton de pénétrer sans ségrégation sensible dans l'espace intérieur audit tronçon supérieur de ce tube lors du coulage de ladite dalle de béton, de manière à reforcer l'encastrement de ce tronçon dans cette dalle après durcissement du béton.
- Ledit tube connecteur est constitué d'un matériau présentant une résistance mécanique supérieure et/ou plus homogène que celles du bois desdites poutres et du béton de ladite dalle.
- Ledit tube connecteur présente des génératrices verticales et une section circulaire de manière à en permettre une fabrication simple et à permettre une réalisation facile de son logement dans ladite poutre de bois.
- Son diamètre est compris entre 30 et 130mm et de préférence entre 40 et 100mm environ.
- Sa hauteur est comprise entre 6 et 15cm et de préférence entre 8 et 12cm environ.
- Ledit tronçon inférieur dudut tube connecteur pénétre dans la face supérieure de ladite poutre de bois sur une fraction inférieure à la moitié de la hauteur de cette poutre.
- Il présente un diamètre inférieur à la largeur de cette poutre selon ladite direction transversale, et son dit tronçon inférieur reste à distance des flancs de cette de manière à être protégé contre la chaleur et/ou la corrosion par une épaisseur de bois à partir de ces flancs. Cette dernière disposition permet par ailleurs de poser entre les poutres des plaques de coffrage rectangulaires qui s'appuient sur les bords de ces poutres.According to the invention, the following preferred arrangements can also be adopted, at least in certain cases:
- Said housing and said lower section of said connector tube are made so that the outer wall of this section is in permanent support over substantially its entire surface against the wall of this housing.
- This housing is made in the form of a groove leaving a core of the wood of said beam.
- The diameter of said connector tube is sufficient to allow the concrete to penetrate without appreciable segregation into the interior space of said upper section of this tube during the pouring of said concrete slab, so as to reinforce the embedding of this section in this slab after the concrete has hardened.
- Said connector tube is made of a material having a higher and / or more homogeneous mechanical resistance than that of the wood of said beams and the concrete of said slab.
- Said connector tube has vertical generators and a circular section so as to allow a simple manufacture and to allow an easy realization of its housing in said wooden beam.
- Its diameter is between 30 and 130mm and preferably between 40 and 100mm approximately.
- Its height is between 6 and 15cm and preferably between 8 and 12cm approximately.
- Said lower section of said connector tube penetrates into the upper face of said wooden beam over a fraction less than half the height of this beam.
- It has a diameter less than the width of this beam in said transverse direction, and its said lower section remains at a distance from the sides so as to be protected against heat and / or corrosion by a thickness of wood from these sides. This latter arrangement also makes it possible to lay rectangular beams between the beams which rest on the edges of these beams.

Lors de la réalisation d'un tel plancher on met en place lesdites poutres selon ladite direction longitudinale qui est hori­zontale. On se procure lesdits tubes connecteurs qui sont par exemple métalliques. Leurs tronçons inférieurs sont enfoncés dans des rainures prévues à cet effet dans les faces supérieures des poutres, leurs axes étant verticaux. Leurs tronçons supérieurs sont ensuite noyés dans le béton lors du coulage de la dalle. Leur rôle est d'empêcher le déplacement horizontal relatif des poutres en bois et de la dalle en béton lorsque le plancher est soumis à des efforts de flexion. Leur efficacité est assurée par le fait que, noyés dans le béton, ils gardent dans leurs tronçons supérieurs une position et une orientation constantes imposées par la rigidité du béton et que leur forme tubulaire leur assure une rigidité propre suffisante pour d'une part ne pas se déformer dans leur tronçon médian située au voisinage de l'interface bois-béton et d'autre part ne pas créer un effet de coin dans leur liaison avec le bois. Ils appliquent alors sur ce dernier une contrainte qui est répartie aussi uniformément que possible sur toute la profondeur de leurs logements. Par ailleurs la forme tubulaire du connecteur et sa disposition verticale permettent d'obtenir la résistance souhaitable du plancher à la flexion avec un nombre de connecteurs et une quantité de métal inférieurs à ce qui serait nécessaire avec d'autres procédés.When producing such a floor, said beams are placed in said longitudinal direction which is horizontal. One obtains said connector tubes which are for example metallic. Their lower sections are driven into grooves provided for this purpose in the upper faces of the beams, their axes being vertical. Their upper sections are then embedded in the concrete when the slab is poured. Their role is to prevent the relative horizontal displacement of the wooden beams and the concrete slab when the floor is subjected to bending forces. Their effectiveness is ensured by the fact that, embedded in the concrete, they keep in their upper sections a constant position and orientation imposed by the rigidity of the concrete and that their tubular shape provides them with sufficient own rigidity to on the one hand not deform in their median section located in the vicinity of the wood-concrete interface and on the other hand do not create a wedge effect in their connection with the wood. They then apply a constraint on the latter which is distributed as uniformly as possible over the entire depth of their homes. Furthermore, the tubular shape of the connector and its vertical arrangement make it possible to obtain the desirable resistance of the floor to bending with a number of connectors and a quantity of metal that is less than would be necessary with other methods.

A l'aide des figures schématiques ci-jointes on va décrire plus particulièrement ci-après, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, comment la présente invention peut être mise en oeuvre dans le cadre de l'exposé qui en a été donné ci-dessus. Lorsqu'un même élément est représenté sur plusieurs figures il y est désigné par le même signe de référence.Using the attached schematic figures, a more specific description will be given below, by way of non-limiting example, of how the present invention can be implemented within the framework of the description given below. above. When the same element is represented in several figures, it is designated therein by the same reference sign.

Le mode de mise en oeuvre décrit comporte les dispositions mentionnées ci-dessus comme préférées selon la présente invention. Il doit être compris que les éléments mentionnés peuvent être remplacés par d'autres éléments assurant les mêmes fonctions techniques.

  • La figure 1 représente une vue d'un plancher selon l'invention en coupe partielle par un plan vertical longitudinal.
  • La figure 2 représente une vue partielle du même plancher en coupe par un plan vertical transversal II-II de la figure 1.
  • La figure 3 représente une vue en perspective d'un tube connec­teur de ce plancher, avant l'incorporation de ce tube connecteur dans ce plancher.
The mode of implementation described includes the arrangements mentioned above as preferred according to the present invention. It should be understood that the items mentioned may be replaced by other elements ensuring the same technical functions.
  • Figure 1 shows a view of a floor according to the invention in partial section through a longitudinal vertical plane.
  • FIG. 2 represents a partial view of the same floor in section through a transverse vertical plane II-II of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 represents a perspective view of a connector tube of this floor, before the incorporation of this connector tube into this floor.

Conformément aux figures 1 et 2 le plancher donné à titre d'exemple comporte des poutres de bois ou solives telles que 2 qui peuvent être massives ou lamellées-collées, et qui s'étendent longitudinalement de même que leurs fibres. Un coffrage perdu 4 de type connu s'appuie sur ces poutres. Une couche d'isolation phonique et thermique 6 est posée sur ce coffrage, étant entendu que cette couche peut être omise sans perte des avantages spécifiques de la présente invention. Une dalle de béton 8 est coulée sur cette couche. Elle est armée de manière connue par un treillis métallique de répartition qui comporte des armatures transversales telles que 10 et des armatures longitudinals telles que 12. L'entre axe entre poutres peut être de 0,6 à 1,2 m environ, par exemple 0,7m.According to Figures 1 and 2 the floor given by way of example comprises wooden beams or joists such as 2 which can be solid or laminated, and which extend longitudinally as well as their fibers. A lost formwork 4 of known type rests on these beams. A layer of sound and thermal insulation 6 is placed on this formwork, it being understood that this layer can be omitted without loss of the specific advantages of the present invention. A concrete slab 8 is poured on this layer. It is reinforced in a known manner by a metallic distribution trellis which comprises transverse reinforcements such as 10 and longitudinal reinforcements such as 12. The center distance between beams can be from 0.6 to 1.2 m approximately, for example 0 , 7m.

Des tubes connecteurs 14 s'étendent verticalement et présentent chacun un tronçon inférieur 14B encastré dans une poutre 2, et un tronçon supérieur 14A encastré dans la dalle 8 jusque par exemple à 2 cm de la face supérieure de celle-ci. Le treillis 10, 12 est posé sur ces tubes connecteurs ce qui permet de maintenir son altitude avant et pendant le coulage de cette dalle. De tels tubes connecteurs pourraient présenter aussi un tronçon intermédiaire non encastré au niveau du coffrage 4 et de la couche d'isolation 6.Connector tubes 14 extend vertically and each have a lower section 14B embedded in a beam 2, and an upper section 14A embedded in the slab 8 up to, for example, 2 cm from the upper face thereof. The trellis 10, 12 is placed on these connector tubes which makes it possible to maintain its altitude before and during the pouring of this slab. Such connector tubes could also have a non-embedded intermediate section at the level of the formwork 4 and of the insulation layer 6.

Le coffrage 4 et la couche d'isolation 8 ont été percés de trous 5 qui sont plus larges que les tubes connecteurs pour que, lors du coulage de la dalle, le béton les remplisse sans ségrégation de part et d'autre des parois des connecteurs 14. Le diamètre de chaque trou dans le coffrage 4 est cependant suffisamment limité pour que le bord de ce dernier s'appuie sur la poutre 2 sur tout le tour du trou.The formwork 4 and the insulation layer 8 have been drilled with holes 5 which are wider than the connector tubes so that, when the slab is poured, the concrete fills them without segregation on either side of the walls of the connectors 14. The diameter of each hole in the formwork 4 is however sufficiently limited so that the edge of the latter rests on the beam 2 all around the hole.

Les tubes connecteurs 14 ont une section circulaire de 40 à 100 mm de diamètre selon la portée des poutres et une hauteur de 8 à 12cm. L'épaisseur de la tôle qui les constitue est par exemple de 2mm.The connector tubes 14 have a circular section of 40 to 100 mm in diameter depending on the span of the beams and a height of 8 to 12 cm. The thickness of the sheet which constitutes them is for example 2mm.

Ils sont encastrés dans le bois par enfoncement à force dans une rainure circulaire 15 qui constitue ledit logement et qui a été préalablement creusée dans la poutre au moyen d'un outil du type scie-cloche. La profondeur de la rainure 15 est par exemple de 4cm.They are embedded in the wood by forced insertion into a circular groove 15 which constitutes said housing and which has been previously dug into the beam by means of a tool of the hole saw type. The depth of the groove 15 is for example 4 cm.

Les diamètres extérieur et intérieur de cet outil sont par exemple choisis exactement égaux à ceux des tubes connecteurs, ce qui nécessite ensuite l'application d'une force verticale moderée pour enfoncer ces tubes.The outside and inside diameters of this tool are for example chosen exactly equal to those of the connector tubes, which then requires the application of a moderate vertical force to drive these tubes.

Dans ces conditions l'emploi d'une colle pour lier le connecteur au bois apparaît généralement inutile.Under these conditions the use of an adhesive to bond the connector to the wood generally appears unnecessary.

Les tubes connecteurs sont réalisés en acier de construction. Ils pourraient l'être en d'autres matériaux à résistance mécanique grande et homogène, tels que des résines armées de fibres de verre, par exemple.The connector tubes are made of structural steel. They could be made of other materials with high and homogeneous mechanical resistance, such as resins reinforced with glass fibers, for example.

Ils sont encastrés dans le béton de la dalle par le coulage de ce béton qui se répand à l'extérieur et à l'intérieur du tube. Cet encastrement dans le béton étant un encastrement parfait, et la rigidité des tubes étant très grande, ils ne créent pratiquement aucun effet de coin dans le bois, c'est-à-dire que les efforts de cisaillement au niveau de la liaison bois-béton se transmettent sous la forme d'une pression latérale uniforme du métal sur le bois.They are embedded in the concrete of the slab by pouring this concrete which spreads outside and inside the tube. This embedding in the concrete being a perfect embedding, and the rigidity of the tubes being very great, they create practically no wedge effect in the wood, that is to say that the shearing forces at the level of the wood bond- concrete is transmitted as a uniform lateral pressure of the metal on the wood.

Un glissement vertical entre la dalle de béton et le connecteur pourrait se produire par exemple en présence de charges alternatives à grande fréquence. Il est empêché en laissant simplement les bavures de sciage des tubes sur la tranche supérieure par exemple. Il pourrait l'être aussi en y soudant les armatures.A vertical slip between the concrete slab and the connector could occur for example in the presence of high frequency alternating loads. It is prevented by simply leaving the saw burrs of the tubes on the upper edge for example. It could also be by welding the reinforcements.

En variante, il doit être compris que les tubes connecteurs cylindriques à section circulaire pourraient être réalisés sous la forme de tubes fendus selon une génératrice de manière à pouvoir s'adapter aisément à des logements de diamètres légèrement différents.As a variant, it should be understood that the cylindrical connector tubes of circular section could be produced in the form of tubes split along a generator so as to be able to easily adapt to housings of slightly different diameters.

Claims (10)

1/ Plancher à collaboration bois-béton, ce plancher comportant,
- des poutres de bois (2) s'étendant selon une direction longitudinale et se succèdant selon une direction transversale dans un plan de poutraison sensiblement horizontal, ces poutres reposant sur des appuis pour supporter le plancher, chacune d'elles présentant une face supérieure, une face inférieure et deux flancs latéraux,
- une dalle de béton (8) formée sur ces poutres pour constituer la surface du plancher et participer à la résistance de celui-ci,
- et des connecteurs encastrés chacun d'une part par un tronçon inférieur dans l'une de ces poutres d'autre part par un tronçon supérieur (14A) dans cette dalle, ces connecteurs présentant une raideur leur permettant, sans déformation sensible, de transmettre, entre le béton de ladite dalle et le bois desdites poutres, les efforts longitudinaux internes qui résultent des charges de flexion appliquées au plancher,
- ce plancher étant caractérisé par le fait que chacun desdits connecteurs à la forme d'un tube (14), ledit tronçon inférieur (14B) de ce tube occupant un logement (15) creusé dans le bois de la face supérieure d'une dite poutre (2) de manière que ce tronçon constitue, vis-à-vis desdits efforts longitudinaux internes, une surface étendue d'appui de ce tube sur la paroi de ce logement et que la raideur de ce tube répartisse ces efforts sur toute cette surface d'appui, ce tube étant un tube connecteur.1 / Wood-concrete collaboration floor, this floor comprising,
- wooden beams (2) extending in a longitudinal direction and succeeding each other in a transverse direction in a substantially horizontal beam plane, these beams resting on supports for supporting the floor, each of them having an upper face, a lower face and two lateral sides,
- a concrete slab (8) formed on these beams to constitute the surface of the floor and participate in the resistance of the latter,
- And connectors each embedded on the one hand by a lower section in one of these beams on the other hand by an upper section (14A) in this slab, these connectors having a stiffness allowing them, without significant deformation, to transmit , between the concrete of said slab and the wood of said beams, the internal longitudinal forces which result from the bending loads applied to the floor,
- This floor being characterized by the fact that each of said connectors in the form of a tube (14), said lower section (14B) of this tube occupying a housing (15) hollowed out in the wood of the upper face of a said beam (2) so that this section constitutes, with respect to said internal longitudinal forces, an extended bearing surface of this tube on the wall of this housing and that the stiffness of this tube distributes these forces over this entire surface support, this tube being a connector tube. 2/ Plancher selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que ledit logement (15) et ledit tronçon inférieur (14B) dudit tube connecteur (14) sont réalisés de manière que la paroi extérieure de ce tronçon soit en appui permanent sur sensiblement toute sa surface contre la paroi de ce logement.2 / floor according to claim 1, characterized in that said housing (15) and said lower section (14B) of said connector tube (14) are made so that the outer wall of this section is in permanent support on substantially all of its surface against the wall of this housing. 3/ Plancher selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que ledit tube connecteur (14) et ledit logement (15) présentent une forme circulaire en section de manière à permettre une réalisation facile de ce tube et de ce logement.3 / Floor according to claim 1, characterized in that said connector tube (14) and said housing (15) have a circular shape in section so as to allow easy production of this tube and this housing. 4/ Plancher selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que ledit logement est réalisé sous la forme d'une rainure (15) laissant subsistter un noyau du bois de ladite poutre.4 / floor according to claim 3, characterized in that said housing is made in the form of a groove (15) leaving remain a core of the wood of said beam. 5/ Plancher selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le diamètre dudit tube connecteur (14) est suffisant pour permettre au béton de pénétrer sans ségrégation sensible dans l'espace intérieur audit tronçon supérieur (14A) de ce tube lors du coulage de ladite dalle de béton (8), de manière à renforcer l'encastrement de ce tronçon dans cette dalle après durcissement du béton.5 / A floor according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of said connector tube (14) is sufficient to allow the concrete to penetrate without appreciable segregation into the interior space at said upper section (14A) of this tube during the pouring of said concrete slab (8), so as to reinforce the embedding of this section in this slab after hardening of the concrete. 6/ Plancher selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que ledit tube connecteur (14) est constitué d'un matériau présentant une résistance mécanique supérieure et/ou plus homogène que celles du bois desdites poutres (2) et du béton de ladite dalle (8).6 / floor according to claim 1, characterized in that said connector tube (14) is made of a material having a higher mechanical strength and / or more homogeneous than that of the wood of said beams (2) and the concrete of said slab (8). 7/ Plancher selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que le diamètre dudit tube connecteur (14) est compris entre 30 et 130mm environ.7 / floor according to claim 3, characterized in that the diameter of said connector tube (14) is between 30 and 130mm approximately. 8/ Plancher selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la hauteur dudit tube connecteur (14) est comprise entre 6 et 15cm environ.8 / floor according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of said connector tube (14) is between 6 and 15cm approximately. 9/ Plancher selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que ledit tronçon inférieur (14B) du tube connecteur (14) pénétre dans la face supérieure de ladite poutre de bois (2) sur une fraction inférieure à la moitié de la hauteur de cette poutre.9 / Floor according to claim 1, characterized in that said lower section (14B) of the connector tube (14) penetrates into the upper face of said wooden beam (2) over a fraction less than half the height of this beam. 10/ Plancher selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que ledit tube connecteur (14) présente un diamètre inférieur à la largeur de ladite poutre de bois (2) selon ladite direction transversale, et son dit tronçon inférieur (14B) reste à distance des flancs de cette poutre de manière à être protégé contre la chaleur et/ou la corrosion par une épaisseur de bois à partir de ces flancs.10 / floor according to claim 1, characterized in that said connector tube (14) has a diameter less than the width of said wooden beam (2) in said transverse direction, and its said lower section (14B) remains at a distance flanks of this beam so as to be protected against heat and / or corrosion by a thickness of wood from these flanks.
EP88102559A 1987-02-26 1988-02-22 Combined wood and concrete floor Expired - Lifetime EP0280228B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT88102559T ATE65100T1 (en) 1987-02-26 1988-02-22 WOOD-CONCRETE COMPOSITE CEILING.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR8702559 1987-02-26
FR8702559A FR2611778B1 (en) 1987-02-26 1987-02-26 WOOD-CONCRETE COLLABORATION FLOOR

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EP0280228A1 true EP0280228A1 (en) 1988-08-31
EP0280228B1 EP0280228B1 (en) 1991-07-10

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US (1) US4841703A (en)
EP (1) EP0280228B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE65100T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1322668C (en)
DE (1) DE3863556D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2025226B3 (en)
FR (1) FR2611778B1 (en)

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CZ304080B6 (en) * 2012-01-24 2013-10-02 Ceské vysoké ucení technické v Praze, Fakulta stavební, Katedra ocelových a drevených konstrukcí Coupling of wood-based beams connected by means of steel plates with bilaterally pressed pins with a foundation plate
EP2636809A1 (en) 2012-03-07 2013-09-11 Balteschwiler AG Ceiling panel consisting from a wooden panel and a concrete layer
ES2943383T3 (en) * 2014-09-30 2023-06-12 Univ Laval Constructed system, connector thereof and method for manufacturing the same
JP6943581B2 (en) * 2017-03-06 2021-10-06 大成ユーレック株式会社 Wall beam joint structure
CN110344530B (en) * 2019-06-20 2021-03-02 浙江大东吴建筑科技有限公司 Local laminated slab connecting joint and construction method thereof

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CH223498A (en) * 1941-06-11 1942-09-30 Piccolin Stefano Supporting structure.
DE2008402A1 (en) * 1970-02-24 1971-11-18 Haeussler, Ernst, Dr.-Ing., 4300 Essen Chemical anchor
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DE3911979A1 (en) * 1989-04-12 1990-10-18 Johann Dr Ing Kollegger Domed roof supported by curved plywood beams - has beams covered with boards and layer of concrete
US5989544A (en) * 1989-05-16 1999-11-23 Block Drug Company, Inc. Composition and method for reducing gastro-intestinal distress due to alpha-D-galactoside-linked/containing sugars
EP0433224A1 (en) * 1989-12-04 1991-06-19 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Composite support element
CH678959A5 (en) * 1989-12-04 1991-11-29 Hilti Ag
FR2673963A1 (en) * 1991-03-13 1992-09-18 Paris Ouest Entreprise Prefabricated structural panel having wood/concrete interaction (collaboration) and its method of manufacture
FR2698652A1 (en) * 1992-12-01 1994-06-03 Barra Michel Method of reinforcing timber floor on exposed beams without altering ceiling round them - includes steps of pouring reinforced concrete slab with pockets above beams part stressing filling pockets and loading for beam/slab bond with tension bolts
FR2702236A1 (en) * 1993-03-03 1994-09-09 Gauthier Daniel Wood-concrete composite construction element.
US5561957A (en) * 1993-03-03 1996-10-08 Gauthier; Daniel Composite wood-concrete building member
EP0613985A1 (en) * 1993-03-03 1994-09-07 Daniel Gauthier Composite wood-concrete construction element
FR2706802A1 (en) * 1993-06-24 1994-12-30 Weisrock Ets Robert Joining device for wooden beams
EP0742323A1 (en) * 1995-05-12 1996-11-13 TECNARIA S.p.A Connecting stake with a fixing stirrup with clamps, for the assembly of concrete floors on wooden beams
FR2742459A1 (en) * 1995-12-19 1997-06-20 Hilti France Connector for multiple layer floor
FR2774112A1 (en) 1998-01-27 1999-07-30 Archipente Composite wood-concrete wall or floor element
FR2776723A1 (en) * 1998-03-30 1999-10-01 Hilti France Fixing cleat for corrugated metal sheets to wooden joists
EP0952271A3 (en) * 1998-04-24 2000-12-20 Werner Bauer Wood-concrete composite element
EP1013840A1 (en) * 1998-12-23 2000-06-28 Habitat Legno S.P.A. Connector for mixed timber-concrete constructions
EP2058448A3 (en) * 2007-11-12 2013-07-10 Universita' degli studi di Bergamo Tubular connector for connecting mixed wood-concrete beams
EP2264257A3 (en) * 2009-06-19 2015-01-07 Kronen-Hansa-Werk GmbH & Co. KG Structure, for example building
RU2496957C1 (en) * 2012-04-26 2013-10-27 Федеральное Государственное Автономное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Профессионального Образования "Сибирский Федеральный Университет" Method to reinforce wooden beams of floor slabs
CN103726669A (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-16 江苏建筑职业技术学院 Method for adding interlayer onto original building through reinforced concrete plates
CN103726669B (en) * 2013-12-31 2016-03-02 江苏建筑职业技术学院 Adopt armored concrete slab on inhering architecture, increase the method for interlayer
CN111173128A (en) * 2020-02-25 2020-05-19 江苏丰阳建设工程有限公司 Concrete structure applied to segmental casting method
FR3113293A1 (en) 2020-08-10 2022-02-11 Gn Invest Timber frame building and concrete floor
WO2022034271A1 (en) 2020-08-10 2022-02-17 Gn Invest Building with wooden framework and concrete floor
WO2023062238A1 (en) 2021-10-17 2023-04-20 Implenia Schweiz Ag Wood-concrete composite floor having a planar wood element, method for production of same, and constructions having such a wood-concrete composite floor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2611778A1 (en) 1988-09-09
CA1322668C (en) 1993-10-05
DE3863556D1 (en) 1991-08-14
US4841703A (en) 1989-06-27
ES2025226B3 (en) 1992-03-16
EP0280228B1 (en) 1991-07-10
FR2611778B1 (en) 1992-04-24
ATE65100T1 (en) 1991-07-15

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