RU2496957C1 - Method to reinforce wooden beams of floor slabs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: reinforcement method includes removal of floor structures, clearing of a beam-to-beam filler, assembly of reinforcement elements and development of a stiff slab structure. The stiff slab structure is developed by conversion of a wooden beam slab into a system of composite ribbed spatially working slabs. Beams are prepared by levelling of their upper surfaces. Veneer-like reinforcement slabs are laid onto beams in longitudinal direction and fixed, being tightly pressed to beams with the help of links. Links provide for perception of moving forces arising under a new increased load. Reinforcement slabs are laid with account of the ratios between the width of the reinforcement slab and beam pitch and accordingly with usage or without usage of filling slabs. Filling slabs are used to fill clear spaces between reinforcement slabs, and they are rested onto crosspieces, which are additionally installed between beams.

EFFECT: provision of efficient reinforcement of a beam slab, reduced labour intensiveness, material intensity and preservation of slab height.

8 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction and can be used in the reconstruction of buildings.

A known method of reinforcing beam ceilings, representing a change in the structural scheme of the overlap, by introducing additional supports or using truss devices, which are performed in the form of spring chains extending from one support to another. [Inspection and reconstruction of residential buildings / N.V. Straightforward training aid. Makeevka .: DonNASA, 2006, p.110].

The disadvantages of this method are the increased labor costs, the difficulty of placing the puff within the structure, fixing it on the supports and the communication device with the lower edge of the beam in the span, as well as the developed height of the overlap, if the puff is removed beyond the section of the beam.

As a prototype, a method has been adopted to strengthen the beam floor of a building, aimed at creating a single floor disk and reducing its "fluctuation", including disassembling floor structures and removing beams, making holes in transverse and longitudinal walls, placing puffs in two levels and connecting puffs of different levels among themselves, fixing puffs in prepared holes in the walls, restoration of floor structures [RF Patent No. 2029843, priority date 01/23/1992, publication date 02/27/1995, authors Snyatkov SV, Ryaz new A.V., RU, prototype].

The disadvantage of the prototype is the increased complexity of reinforcing the overlap, which consists in the need for additional holes in the walls of the building and the installation of puffs, as well as the material consumption caused by the need to install floor structures over puffs.

The objective of the invention is to ensure the effectiveness of reinforcing beam ceilings while reducing the complexity of the method, reducing material consumption and maintaining the height of the overlap.

To solve the problem in a method of reinforcing wooden beams of interfloor ceilings, including removing floor structures, removing beams, installing reinforcing elements and creating a rigid floor structure, according to the invention, a rigid floor structure is created by converting a wooden beam floor into a system of composite ribbed spatially working plates, with this is the preparation of the beams by leveling their upper surfaces, the beams are laid in the longitudinal direction the reinforcing reinforcement plates and fix them tightly pressing to the beams with the help of bonds ensuring the perception of shear forces arising under a new, increased load, moreover, the laying of reinforcement plates is carried out taking into account the ratio of the width of the reinforcement plate and the step of the beams and, accordingly, with or without using plates filling, which fill the gaps between the plates of reinforcement and rest them on the cross members, which are additionally installed between the beams.

According to the invention, cap screws are used as connections, or obliquely set screws or glued reinforcing bars.

According to the invention, with a beam pitch equal to half the width of the reinforcement plate, three beams are reinforced with one plate.

According to the invention, when the beam pitch is equal to the width of the reinforcement plate, two beams are reinforced with one plate.

According to the invention, when the beam pitch is less than half the width of the reinforcement plate, three beams are reinforced with one plate using fill plates in the spaces between the reinforcement plates.

According to the invention, when the step of the beams is less than the width, but greater than half the width of the reinforcement plate, two beams are reinforced with one plate using fill plates in the spaces between the reinforcement plates.

According to the invention, with a step of beams greater than the width of the reinforcement plate, one beam reinforces one beam using filling plates in the spaces between the reinforcement plates.

According to the invention, LVL plate is used as reinforcement and filling plates.

The proposed method of reinforcing floor slabs is implemented using plywood-like sheet material LVL 18000 * 1700 * 70 mm.

Figure 1 schematically shows a fragment of the overlap, after reinforcing the wooden beams with a pitch of 1000 mm.

Reinforcement of wooden beams of the floor is as follows. The floor is reconstructed from the reconstructed floor and the logs are removed. The upper edges of the wooden beams 1 are cleaned of debris, dirt and dust, and irregularities are eliminated with an electric planer. On the wooden beams 1 they are laid in the longitudinal direction of the reinforcement plate 2, which is used as LVL plates, they are pressed tightly to the beams and fixed using, for example, capercaillie 3, as well as obliquely mounted screws or glued reinforcing bars, or other methods (conditionally not shown). When laying reinforcement plates, the ratio of the width of the reinforcement plate is taken into account, based on the dimensions of the LVL material, and the spacing of the beams, and the necessity of using fill plates 4 between the reinforcement plates when forming gaps is determined.

So with a step of beams equal to the width of the reinforcement plate (1700 mm) or its half (850 mm), two or three beams are reinforced with one plate, respectively, without the use of filling plates. In other cases, fill plates are used, while with a beam pitch less than half the width of the reinforcement plate, three beams are reinforced with one plate, with a beam pitch greater than the width of the reinforcement plate, one beam is reinforced with one plate, and with a beam pitch, with a value in the range between the width and half the width of the reinforcement plate, one beam reinforces two beams.

Mentioned filling plates 4 overlap the gaps that can form under the indicated conditions between the reinforcing plates 2. For this purpose, beams 5 are additionally installed between the beams, which rest on clamps 6 fixed to the beams, and filling plates 4 are installed on the beams 5. After installing the reinforcing plates 2 and, if necessary, the filling plates 4, finish the surface of the plates in accordance with the requirements for flooring.

As a result of the implementation of the reinforcement of wooden beams of floors between the floors of the proposed method, the reconstructed beam cage is transformed into a system of composite ribbed spatially working plates. Spatial work consists in the joint work of the beams reinforced by the slab and the redistribution of forces between them, as well as in the joint work of the beams with the reinforcement slab as an integral ribbed slab due to the rigid bonds uniting them.

The high efficiency of the claimed reinforcement method is confirmed by the calculation results, according to which, the bending stiffness of the composite plate shown in figure 1, is 2.2 times higher than the bending stiffness of beams with a cross section of 27.5 × 17.5 cm to gain, which is equal to:

$$E{I}_b=2\cdot \frac{E\cdot b_b\cdot h_b^s}{12}=2\cdot \frac{{10}^5\cdot 17.5\cdot {27.5}^s}{12}=6065755208\mathrm{to}g*\mathrm{from}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m"\; filenames="00000003.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}^2$$

After reinforcement, with a thickness of the reinforcement plate of 70 mm and a width of 1700 mm, the bending stiffness of the composite plate reduced to wood is equal to

$$\begin{array}{l}{k}_{\mathrm{well}}\cdot E_f\cdot I_{PR.d}=\left(I_{Px-x}+\frac{E}{E_f}\cdot I_{bx-x}\right)\cdot E_f\cdot k_{\mathrm{well}}=\left(101819.37+\frac{10}{7}\cdot \mathrm{122,257.55}\right)\cdot \\ 7\cdot {10}^{\mathrm{four}}\cdot 0.7=13547177980\mathrm{to}g*\mathrm{from}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m"\; filenames="00000003.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}^2\end{array}$$

Under equal conditions, the deflection of the reinforced structure is less than the deflection of the beams before they are strengthened, which means that the load on the floor can be increased, taking into account new requirements that limit its deflection.

Thus, all the features of the claimed method are significant, as they affect the technical result and provide a decrease in the complexity of the amplification, a decrease in the material consumption and the cost of the work due to the exclusion of operations associated with the restoration of floor and ceiling structures, while the overlap height is maintained.

Claims (8)

1. A method of reinforcing wooden beams of interfloor ceilings, including removal of floor structures, removal of girder filling, installation of reinforcing elements and the creation of a rigid floor structure, characterized in that a rigid floor structure is created by converting a wooden beam floor into a system of composite ribbed spatially working plates, while preparation of beams by leveling their upper surfaces, plywood-like reinforcement and fix plates are laid in the longitudinal direction on the beams they are pressed tightly against the beams by means of bonds ensuring the perception of shear forces arising under a new increased load, and the laying of reinforcement plates is carried out taking into account the ratio of the width of the reinforcement plate and the pitch of the beams and, accordingly, with or without the use of filling plates, which fill the gaps between reinforcement plates and rest them on the cross members, which are additionally installed between the beams. 2. The method of reinforcing wooden beams of interfloor ceilings according to claim 1, characterized in that cap screws, or inclined screws, or glued reinforcing rods are used as ties. 3. The method of reinforcing wooden beams of interfloor floors according to claim 1, characterized in that when the beam spacing is equal to half the width of the reinforcement plate, three beams are reinforced with one plate. 4. The method of reinforcing wooden beams of floors between floors according to claim 1, characterized in that when the step of the beams is equal to the width of the reinforcement plate, two beams are reinforced with one plate. 5. The method of reinforcing wooden beams of floors between floors according to claim 1, characterized in that when the step of the beams is less than half the width of the reinforcement plate, three beams are reinforced with one plate using filling plates in the spaces between the reinforcement plates. 6. The method of reinforcing wooden beams of floors between floors according to claim 1, characterized in that when the step of the beams is less than the width but greater than half the width of the reinforcement plate, two beams are reinforced with one plate using filling plates in the spaces between the reinforcement plates. 7. The method of reinforcing wooden beams of interfloor floors according to claim 1, characterized in that when the step of the beams is larger than the width of the reinforcement plate, one beam reinforces one beam using filling plates in the spaces between the reinforcement plates. 8. The method of reinforcing wooden beams of interfloor ceilings according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the LVL plate is used as reinforcement and filling plates.

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