EP0275772A1 - Gehäuse für elektrische Vorrichtung, insbesondere für Überspannungsableiter, mit einer isolierenden Formumhüllung - Google Patents

Gehäuse für elektrische Vorrichtung, insbesondere für Überspannungsableiter, mit einer isolierenden Formumhüllung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0275772A1
EP0275772A1 EP87402925A EP87402925A EP0275772A1 EP 0275772 A1 EP0275772 A1 EP 0275772A1 EP 87402925 A EP87402925 A EP 87402925A EP 87402925 A EP87402925 A EP 87402925A EP 0275772 A1 EP0275772 A1 EP 0275772A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
envelope
cylindrical
housing
housing according
electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87402925A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0275772B1 (de
Inventor
Guy St-Jean
André Hamel
Michel Bourdages
Daniel Dumont
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hydro Quebec
Original Assignee
Hydro Quebec
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydro Quebec filed Critical Hydro Quebec
Priority to AT87402925T priority Critical patent/ATE56321T1/de
Publication of EP0275772A1 publication Critical patent/EP0275772A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0275772B1 publication Critical patent/EP0275772B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/04—Housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical device box of the type comprising an outer casing made of molded insulating material.
  • the present invention relates more particularly but not exclusively to a cylindrical arrester housing of this type.
  • the surge arrester is an electrical device that is connected in parallel with another electrical device and which has the function of reducing the overvoltages that may occur at the terminals of the latter.
  • the surge arrester therefore makes it possible to reduce the level of insulation of the electrical appliance and consequently its production cost. More specifically, the arrester is normally an open circuit which becomes a closed circuit parallel to the protected device as soon as a significant overvoltage appears across its terminals.
  • the surge arresters currently available on the market and which are used in electrical energy transport or distribution networks are largely made up of a porcelain shell having the general appearance of a cylindrical tube sometimes closed at one end and which has inside a column of varistors in the form of pellets.
  • the varistors are electrically active elements consisting of metal oxide or else silicon carbide, and whose impedance varies non-linearly under the effect of an overvoltage so as to provide adequate protection.
  • the varistors are permanently short-circuited and this results in an electric arc inside the envelope which generates explosive overpressures as well as temperatures exceeding the melting point of all known metals.
  • pressure relief devices In order to prevent the surge arrester from exploding due to an internal short circuit, pressure relief devices have been designed in the past, which transfer the electric arc outside using diaphragms and nozzles d 'orientation of hot gases, so as to eliminate internal overpressures.
  • the present invention therefore proposes to replace the use of porcelain, which has the various drawbacks discussed above, in particular but not exclusively by the use of a synthetic insulator of the type described above in the manufacture of an envelope. insulating molded for surge arrester, and more generally in the manufacture of an insulating envelope molded for an electrical device.
  • the present invention relates to an electrical device box, comprising: an external envelope; an inner jacket made of an electrically non-conductive material which is waterproof against humidity and which provides protection against breakage of the outer casing by thermal shock caused by heat produced inside the housing; and anchoring means for fixing the housing to a mechanical support.
  • the envelope is made of an insulating material capable of holding a high mechanical tension, and molded on the internal jacket and around the anchoring means, so that the internal wall is integrated into the envelope and that the means of anchorages are firmly fixed to the insulating material constituting the external envelope.
  • the invention also relates to a cylindrical arrester housing, comprising: a cylindrical outer shell having a first closed end and a second open end; an internal wall made of an electrically non-conductive material which is waterproof against humidity and which provides protection against breakage of the cylindrical envelope by thermal shock caused by the production of an electric arc inside of the housing; an electrode located at the closed end of the cylindrical envelope and which has a main portion internal to the housing and an extension which extends from the internal portion of the electrode to the outside of the housing through the 'external envelope; first anchoring means mounted at the closed end of the outer casing to fix the housing on a mechanical support; and second anchoring means mounted at the open end of the cylindrical casing to fix a device for closing the case.
  • the outer shell is made of an insulating material capable of withstanding a high mechanical tension.
  • This envelope is molded on the inner jacket and around the electrode and the first and second anchoring means, so that the inner jacket and the electrode are integrated into the cylindrical envelope, and that the first and second means d anchorages are firmly attached to the insulating material constituting the outer casing.
  • the insulating material constituting the envelope of the housing according to the invention can be, as already mentioned, a synthetic insulator in particular of concrete-epoxy, concrete-polymer or other type.
  • a synthetic insulator in particular of concrete-epoxy, concrete-polymer or other type.
  • the aggregate is sand and the binder is epoxy, while in the case of polymer concrete, the aggregate is inter alia sand and the binder is a synthetic resin .
  • the insulating material constituting the envelope which can in particular be constituted by a synthetic insulator, makes it possible to construct lightning arresters of electrical energy distribution networks totally resistant to explosions and envelope breakage, at a cost comparable to conventional distribution surge arresters which are liable to explosion.
  • the arrester housing comprises an outer insulating jacket 1 which has the general shape of a vertical cylindrical tube.
  • the casing 1 comprises a closed lower end and an open upper end.
  • the casing 1 is made of an insulating material, in particular a synthetic insulator of the concrete-epoxy, concrete-polymer or other type.
  • This envelope 1 is molded on an internal jacket 2 and around an electrode 3 and anchors for bolts 4 and 5. In this way, the internal wall 2 and the electrode 3 are integrated into the envelope 1, while that the anchors 4 and 5 are firmly fixed to the insulating material constituting the casing 1 since the latter is capable of withstanding a high mechanical tension.
  • the inner wall of the envelope 1 and therefore the inner jacket 2 have the shape of a truncated cone which defines an angle 6 suitable for easily removing the interior mold when the molding of the envelope 1 is completed.
  • the angle 6 of the truncated cone also facilitates the expansion of the gases produced by an electric arc occurring inside the housing of Figure 1 to an upper pressure limiting mechanism, which will be explained in more detail in the following description.
  • the outer profile of the casing 1 defines a plurality of annular fins such as 7.
  • the fins 7 provide dielectric maintenance of the casing 1 under rain and pollution conditions. Obviously, these fins 7 also contribute to increasing the mechanical resistance of the envelope to internal pressures.
  • the angles 8 and 9 of the fins 7 allow the external mold to be easily removed following the molding of the envelope 1.
  • the electrode 3 has a main portion internal to the housing and centered on the vertical geometric axis 10 thereof.
  • the electrode 3 further comprises an extension which crosses the casing 1 radially and which extends up to a certain distance outside the casing 1 which is suitable for making an external electrical connection and for attracting and receiving the electric arc as will be described below.
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 illustrate a surge arrester using the housing described above with reference to Figure 1 of the drawings.
  • the casing 1 is mounted on a mechanical support 12 using three bolts 13 inserted in the three anchors 4.
  • Figure 3 shows precisely the position of the three anchors 4 and associated bolts 13.
  • bulges such as 14 are provided around each of the anchors 4.
  • the outer profile of the casing 1 lower than the electrode 3 is designed so as to ensure rigidity adequate dielectric between the electrode 3 and the conductive parts associated with the mechanical support 12 over the distances 15, 16 and 17 while minimizing the volume required of the insulating material in the manufacture of the casing 1, and consequently the mass and the cost of the arrester.
  • the external profile of the casing 1 lower than the electrode 3 comprises the lower fin 7 ', a flange 18 and a recess 19 identified in Figure 2 of the drawings.
  • the arrester further comprises a column of varistors such as 20 each having the shape of a patch, this column being centered on the geometric axis 10.
  • the column of varistors 20 is retained in place by means of a spring.
  • mechanical support 21 suitably mounted between the internal portion of the electrode 3 and the varistor column 20, and using the arrester closing device.
  • the internal portion of the electrode 3 comprises an upper part of reduced horizontal section which makes it possible to hold the spring 21.
  • a connector 23 parallel to the mechanical holding spring 21 establishes electrical contact between the underside of the column of varistors 20 and the electrode 3.
  • the device for closing the arrester which consists of a pressure limiting mechanism, firstly comprises an annular cover 24 which is electrically conductive and securely fixed to the casing 1 by means of three bolts 25 associated with the three anchors 5.
  • three holes 26 drilled through the cover 24 to allow its attachment to the casing 1 using the anchors 5 and bolts 25 are provided with an upper recess such as 27 so that the head of the bolts 25 does not exceed the upper surface of the cover 24 so as not to interfere with the fitting of the other elements of the pressure limiting mechanism which are described below.
  • Figures 4 and 5 clearly show the position of the three holes 26, the three bolts 25, and consequently of the three anchors 5. More specifically, the anchors 5 are separated from one another by an angle of 120 ° relative to the vertical axis 10.
  • An annular rubber seal 28 (see Figure 2) seals against humidity between the cover 24 and the casing 1.
  • the cover 24 defines an annular corner 29 in which is positioned a centering and holding part 30 of the varistor column 20.
  • the upper pad 20 ⁇ (varistor) is supported on the part 30 so that the varistor column 20 can be kept centered thanks to the compression force exerted by the spring 21.
  • the centering and holding part 30 has a central opening 30 ⁇ , and three peripheral passages 31 allowing the escape of gases when an overpressure occurs inside the arrester housing.
  • Figure 4 shows several holes 32 each provided with a thread and which are formed in the cover 24. These holes are used for fixing screws 33 ( Figure 5) provided for fixing on the top of the arrester a diaphragm 34 and a hot gas exhaust nozzle 35.
  • the diaphragm 34 is usually made of a plastic or thin aluminum sheet, and is mounted between the circular lower contour 35 ⁇ of the nozzle 35, and the cover 24.
  • An annular seal 36 of rubber or other elastic material (FIG. 2) seals against humidity between the diaphragm 34 and the cover 24.
  • the cover 24 finally comprises, as illustrated in FIG. 4, a cylindrical hole 37 provided with a thread and making it possible to mount the upper electrical terminal 38 of the arrester.
  • the electrode 3 ( Figure 2) extends outside the casing 1 to a distance sufficient to make an electrical connection with the external circuit using an explosive bolt 39 mounted in a hole 11 ( see Figures 1 and 3) made at the free outer end of the extension of the electrode 3.
  • the extension distance of the electrode 3 outside the casing 1 must also be adequate to attract and receive the arc electric transferred from the inside to the outside of the arrester box.
  • the current from the external circuit to which the surge arrester is electrically connected enters via the upper terminal 38 (arrow 40 in Figure 2). It then passes through the cover 24 to which the terminal 38, the part 30 is connected, and is transmitted to the varistor column 20 (see arrows 41, 42 and 43). It then leaves the varistor column 20 to be transmitted to the electrode 3 through the connector 23 (see arrow 44). The current then feeds the circuit connected to the electrode 3 by the bolt 39 (see arrow 45).
  • an internal electric arc 46 occurs and creates an overpressure which perforates the diaphragm 34 thus allowing the hot gases to be evacuated through the passages 31 and the nozzle 35 towards the integrated electrode 3 thus creating an arc 47 between the nozzle 35 which is made of an electrically conductive material and the external extension of the electrode 3.
  • the arc is thus transferred from the interior to the outside of the case surge arrester. Such an arc transfer makes it possible to release the interior of the envelope 1 from the pressures and temperatures which could cause it to explode.
  • a steel blade 48 can also be mounted inside the nozzle 35 in order to facilitate the perforation of the diaphragm 34 during the production of an overpressure inside the arrester housing. More specifically, the blade 48 cuts the diaphragm 34 during its deformation due to internal removal.
  • the inner liner 2 can be made of several materials, such a frosted glass liner ensures both the sealing of the casing 1 against humidity and the protection of this casing against breakage by thermal shock due to the contact of the interior electric arc 46. In fact, during the production of the arc 46, the glass will be touched and will break, thereby preventing the envelope 1 from breaking, which could cause it to explode.
  • the circuit connected to the bolt 39 will be separated from the electrode 3.
  • a bolt explosive such as 39 contains a powder charge, the explosion of which is caused by too large a current (current flowing in the electric arc 46 or 47). A sufficient distance will then be created between the external electrical circuit and the electrode 3 to isolate the arrester from earth when the fault current is interrupted by the circuit breaker provided for this purpose in the electrical supply network.
  • the internal electric arc 46 will usually create a permanent conductive path between the part 30 and the electrode 3 so that following the recharging of the external circuit, the upper terminal 38 is connected to the electrode 3 and the normal network voltage is found on this electrode during normal reclosing of the circuit breaker.
  • Envelope 1 of SPD must then provide adequate electrical insulation between the live electrode 3 and the conductive parts associated with the metal mechanical support 12 which in many cases are connected to earth. This is the reason why, as already mentioned in the present description, the electrical insulation over the distances 15, 16 and 17 of FIG. 2, must be optimized to ensure adequate dielectric strength between the electrode 3 and the conductive parts associated with the support 12.
  • the main advantages of the housing according to the invention can be summarized as follows: - savings due to the use of insulating materials other than porcelain to manufacture the casing 1; - the insulating materials used allow without additional complexity the use of inexpensive bolt anchors which produce a better seal of the cover 24 by allowing the application of an adequate pressure on the seal 28, resist mechanical tension of the pressure limiting mechanism mounted on the upper part of the arrester, and allow the arrester to be fixed to a mechanical support located at the lower end of the latter and therefore advantageously away from live metal parts (this is made possible by the high mechanical strength of the material constituting the casing 1 which firmly holds the anchors for bolts); - the anchors for bolts 5 allow easy mounting of the pressure limiting mechanism, thus simplifying the system for attaching such a mechanism to the casing in comparison with the conventional fastening systems adapted to porcelain, thereby enabling to provide at low cost a surge arrester with a pressure limiting mechanism to make it non-explosive; - the insulating materials used allow the integration of the electrode 3
  • the housing according to the invention makes it possible to produce distribution surge arresters which are totally explosion-proof and casing breakage by thermal shock, and at a lower cost than conventional distribution surge arresters liable to explosion. , as previously mentioned.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
EP87402925A 1986-12-23 1987-12-18 Gehäuse für elektrische Vorrichtung, insbesondere für Überspannungsableiter, mit einer isolierenden Formumhüllung Expired - Lifetime EP0275772B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87402925T ATE56321T1 (de) 1986-12-23 1987-12-18 Gehaeuse fuer elektrische vorrichtung, insbesondere fuer ueberspannungsableiter, mit einer isolierenden formumhuellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000526139A CA1263162A (fr) 1986-12-23 1986-12-23 Boitier de dispositif electrique, notamment de parafoudre, incluant une enveloppe isolante moulee
CA526139 1986-12-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0275772A1 true EP0275772A1 (de) 1988-07-27
EP0275772B1 EP0275772B1 (de) 1990-09-05

Family

ID=4134619

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87402925A Expired - Lifetime EP0275772B1 (de) 1986-12-23 1987-12-18 Gehäuse für elektrische Vorrichtung, insbesondere für Überspannungsableiter, mit einer isolierenden Formumhüllung

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4827370A (de)
EP (1) EP0275772B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS63245831A (de)
AT (1) ATE56321T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1263162A (de)
DE (1) DE3764794D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2017104B3 (de)
GR (1) GR3001140T3 (de)
MX (1) MX168857B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0413618A2 (de) * 1989-08-16 1991-02-20 Hydro Quebec Überspannungsableiter mit beweglichen Haltern zum Stabilisieren seiner Varistoren

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5444429A (en) * 1993-11-15 1995-08-22 Hubbell Incorporated Electrical assembly with surge arrester and insulator
US5585611A (en) * 1994-03-31 1996-12-17 Abb Power T&D Company Inc. Interrupter assembly
US5912604A (en) * 1997-02-04 1999-06-15 Abb Power T&D Company, Inc. Molded pole automatic circuit recloser with bistable electromagnetic actuator
ES2166689B1 (es) * 2000-01-26 2003-10-16 Ind De Aparellaje Electrico S Descargador de sobretensiones.
US8125308B1 (en) * 2009-04-02 2012-02-28 Bruce Barton Relocatable power tap with surge suppression or surge protection and a method for its manufacture
US20120144634A1 (en) * 2010-12-14 2012-06-14 Bruce Charles Barton Metal oxide varistor design and assembly
BR112014000704A2 (pt) * 2011-07-14 2017-02-14 Barton Bruce filtro de linha removível para distribuição de energia elétrica e método para a produção de um filtro de linha removível para a distribuição de energia elétrica

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4424547A (en) * 1980-11-04 1984-01-03 General Electric Company Surge suppressor construction
US4484247A (en) * 1984-03-09 1984-11-20 General Electric Company Nonfragmenting station arrester
DE3426054A1 (de) * 1984-06-01 1985-12-12 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau Ueberspannungsableiter
DE3511084A1 (de) * 1985-02-26 1986-08-28 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau Ueberspannungsableiter

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3702419A (en) * 1971-09-28 1972-11-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Lightning arrester with pressure relief means
JPS5857029B2 (ja) * 1976-05-20 1983-12-17 パイオニア株式会社 双方向ｃａｔｖシステム
US4404614A (en) * 1981-05-15 1983-09-13 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Surge arrester having a non-fragmenting outer housing
SE430443B (sv) * 1982-03-04 1983-11-14 Asea Ab Ventilavledare
JPS6070702A (ja) * 1983-09-26 1985-04-22 株式会社日立製作所 防爆形酸化亜鉛避雷器
DE3508030A1 (de) * 1985-02-07 1986-08-07 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau Verfahren zur herstellung eines ueberspannungsableiters unter verwendung eines aktiven widerstandskoerpers aus einem spannungsabhaengigen widerstandsmaterial auf zno-basis und danach hergestellter ueberspannungsableiter

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4424547A (en) * 1980-11-04 1984-01-03 General Electric Company Surge suppressor construction
US4484247A (en) * 1984-03-09 1984-11-20 General Electric Company Nonfragmenting station arrester
DE3426054A1 (de) * 1984-06-01 1985-12-12 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau Ueberspannungsableiter
DE3511084A1 (de) * 1985-02-26 1986-08-28 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau Ueberspannungsableiter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0413618A2 (de) * 1989-08-16 1991-02-20 Hydro Quebec Überspannungsableiter mit beweglichen Haltern zum Stabilisieren seiner Varistoren
EP0413618A3 (en) * 1989-08-16 1992-05-20 Hydro Quebec Surge arrester with movable supports to maintain its varistors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX168857B (es) 1993-06-11
US4827370A (en) 1989-05-02
ATE56321T1 (de) 1990-09-15
JPS63245831A (ja) 1988-10-12
DE3764794D1 (de) 1990-10-11
GR3001140T3 (en) 1992-06-25
ES2017104B3 (es) 1991-01-01
CA1263162A (fr) 1989-11-21
EP0275772B1 (de) 1990-09-05

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