EP0782753B1 - Überspannungsableiter - Google Patents

Überspannungsableiter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0782753B1
EP0782753B1 EP95935989A EP95935989A EP0782753B1 EP 0782753 B1 EP0782753 B1 EP 0782753B1 EP 95935989 A EP95935989 A EP 95935989A EP 95935989 A EP95935989 A EP 95935989A EP 0782753 B1 EP0782753 B1 EP 0782753B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lightning arrester
box
arrester
constituted
lightning
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95935989A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0782753A1 (de
Inventor
François Marie Girard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0782753A1 publication Critical patent/EP0782753A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0782753B1 publication Critical patent/EP0782753B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H01C7/126—Means for protecting against excessive pressure or for disconnecting in case of failure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device low voltage surge arrester of the type used in particular to protect equipment electronic.
  • a good arrester designed to protect against electronic devices must have three qualities essential. On the one hand it must have great current rise speed in order to divert quickly towards the ground the lightning energy which, without it, would destroy electronic equipment. The current rise speed will be all the more high as the inductance of the arrester will be low. he must then be able to keep enough long its effectiveness so that the diversion to the energy ground lasts long enough to allow the implementation of conventional means of logout. This period of effectiveness is all the more stronger than mechanical strength, in all directions, surge arrester is high. He must finally be able to be put in place and removed quickly of its support.
  • spark gaps are widely used to ensure such functions. These spark gaps have significant drawbacks, and especially that of being seriously delayed, so that in some cases, and particularly in the particularly violent lightning strikes and rapid deterioration of electronic devices occurs before grounding the lightning by the spark gap.
  • surge arresters which are used in high voltage power lines used for the distribution of electric current. In these energy lines, following the impedance of the power supply transformer placed upstream of the arrester, the currents developed can reach peak values of 6 to 25 kiloamperes for periods of the order of 100 milliseconds. In order to ensure the protection of installations it is essential that surge arresters used maintain grounding, as long as disconnecting devices, such as circuit breakers, did not themselves ensure breaking of the line. It is therefore particularly important at least delay the destruction of such surge arresters, until the devices are actuated disconnectors.
  • the components used in the constitution of lightning arresters are usually coated in housings resins which are mainly chosen for their insulating qualities. We know that, unfortunately the best insulating materials are with particularly mechanical qualities mediocre.
  • a surge arrester intended for the protection of overhead power lines which consists of a envelope containing a tube provided with lights longitudinal inside which are arranged varistors.
  • a silicone elastomer fills the empty parts of the envelope, between the periphery varistors and the inner face of the tube. The electrical contact is made at each ends of the tube.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a lightning arrester having a high speed of current rise, and which has a resistance sufficient mechanics allowing it to delay its destruction until means of cutting off current such as disconnectors, etc. time to take action, this device being easier and faster to connect and disconnect.
  • the subject of the present invention is therefore a surge arrester device consisting of a housing, comprising two electrical contact terminals, formed at least one housing element, containing at least a protective element whose terminals are connected electrically at the contact terminals, this element being embedded in an insulating material contained in said housing element, characterized in that at less a mechanically resistant sleeve is interposed in the insulating material between the element of housing and the protective element and in that the housing consists of two housing elements electrically insulated from each other which constitute the two terminals of contact.
  • the housing consists of two housing elements and at least one of these has a bottom, or transverse wall, come in one piece with him, the electrical contact between the protective element and the housing element being made by said bottom.
  • the other housing element comprises also a bottom, or transverse wall, which is mechanically and electrically secured to it, the second terminal of the protective element being in electrical contact with said bottom.
  • the sleeve is made of fibers of glass or carbon fiber, woven.
  • the bodies of surge arrester which constitute one of the terminals of electrical connection can only have a homogeneous mechanical resistance over their entire periphery, since the body being conductive of the electric current it must necessarily include an insulating zone allowing passage to the second connection terminal. This discontinuity has the effect to weaken the body and thus decrease its explosion resistance.
  • the present invention makes it possible to compensate for the weakened area of the body of the arrester, making thus possible the realization of surge arresters having both the three qualities mentioned previously.
  • Figures 1 and la are schematic views representing two modes of use of a device arrester according to the invention in circuits that they are intended to protect.
  • FIG. 2 is a view in axial section and longitudinal of a first mode of implementation of a lightning arrester according to the invention.
  • Figures 3a to 3d are views showing schematically the different stages of a process of a lightning arrester device of the type of the one shown in figure 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a view in axial section and longitudinal of another embodiment of the lightning arrester according to the invention.
  • the surge arrester 4 has an impedance sufficient to behave like a neutral element, so that it does not interfere with the functioning of the device 1.
  • the surge arrester under the effect of a violent overvoltage due to lightning or a fault "medium voltage" (10 to 30 KV) in the circuit, the surge arrester then behaves like an element conductor so that it grounds 3 the current arriving via power line 2, short-circuiting thus the device 1, which ensures its protection.
  • FIG. la There is shown in Figure la a device arrester used to ensure the safety of a telephone line against overvoltages.
  • the circuit breaker device 5 is replaced by a 5 'current limiting device, such as for example a CTP element (with a coefficient of positive temperature), i.e. a component whose the impedance increases with the heating which it undergoes due to the current flowing through it by the surge arrester 4.
  • a 5 'current limiting device such as for example a CTP element (with a coefficient of positive temperature), i.e. a component whose the impedance increases with the heating which it undergoes due to the current flowing through it by the surge arrester 4.
  • the action of such a limiter is slow (in the order of a few milliseconds, or even a few seconds).
  • the lightning arrester 4 is made up electronic elements, such as for example zener diodes or varistors that have speeds high current rise, which makes them suitable for react almost instantaneously to overvoltages, and in any case well before the activation of the devices 5 'disconnectors or limiters.
  • the device lightning arrester being traversed, when the lightning phenomenon, by currents developing extremely high powers it is important that its mechanical strength is sufficient to allow it to resist these strong powers, at least for sufficient time to allow the devices disconnectors 5 or limiters 5 'to act.
  • the lightning arrester 4 consists of a housing 7 formed of two elements cylindrical housing, namely a first element of lower case 7a and a second element of upper case 7b. These two housing elements are separated by a distance e.
  • the housing element lower 7a comprises, in an area close to one of its ends, a bottom 9 which is formed of manufacturing.
  • the bottom 9 is pierced in the center with a orifice 10 into which one of the two engages connection tabs 11a of a protective element 13, essentially consisting of a zener diode.
  • This zener diode will most often consist of several silicon wafers 20, of dissipators 21 which are interposed between the silicon elements and an insulator of very high resistivity dielectric.
  • the upper housing element 7b has a pad 15, forming the bottom, which is fixed, for example by welding, on its internal wall at a distance close to one of its ends, if although it is rigidly held on the housing element 7b and in excellent contact electric with him.
  • the pad 15 is pierced in its center of an orifice 16 which receives the second leg of protection element llb connection 13.
  • the connection lugs 11a and 11b are respectively fixed by welding, or by any other process ensuring both their maintenance mechanical and good electrical contact with the bottom 9 and the tablet 15.
  • the internal volume delimited by the internal walls of the housing elements 7a, 7b, the bottom 9, the pad 15, and the external surface of the protective element 13 is filled with a resin 17, for example a thermosetting resin or epoxy.
  • the protective element 13 can of course be made of a component other than a diode zener, and we can thus call on a varistor. We can thus generally use so-called non-linear components, i.e. elements whose characteristic voltage / current ends with a plateau value.
  • the resin 17 is chosen on the one hand, for its qualities of insulation, but also on the other hand its qualities of adhesion with the elements of housing 7a, 7b as well as for its resistance qualities clean mechanics.
  • a tubular sleeve 19 is arranged in this volume, between the internal walls of the elements of housing 7a, 7b and the external wall of the element protection 13.
  • This sleeve 19 is made, for example, of glass fibers or carbon fibers which are of preferably braided.
  • the lightning protection device described above has a number of advantages over corresponding devices from the previous state of the technical, especially from the point of view of resistance mechanical explosion, from the point of view of connectivity, from the point of view of the manufacturing, and finally from the point of view of inductance.
  • the sleeve 19 ensures, through the resin curable 17, maintaining the housing elements 7a, 7b against the efforts and constraints exercising in particular in the longitudinal direction, when the surge arrester is traversed by a lightning current such as the energy released at the level silicon wafers 20 brings it into a state close to the explosion.
  • the sleeve 19 also exerts a resistance action against the forces exerted in a transverse direction, that is to say a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis yy 'of the arrester device, in particular in its central part where the spacing e provided between the two housing elements 7a and 7b to isolate them electrically constitutes a weakening zone of the arrester.
  • the sleeve 19 also performs another function, namely that of reducing (or even completely eliminating) the cracks that form in the resin, at small dimensions such as arc phenomena can no longer occur, thus avoiding rapid destruction of the arrester.
  • the present mode of implementation is interesting in that it uses connections particularly short electrical lengths, which promotes a high current rise speed. Furthermore, due to the cylindrical shape of the housing elements 7a and 7b, the electrical connection of the surge arrester element with the connection box in which it is mounted, is made so particularly effective. In addition, the shape cylindrical housing 7 allows a layout symmetrical active elements which contributes to further reduce the inductance.
  • the first step we start from a tube 12, the length a of which is equal to that of the surge arrester element when it is finished, and which has a bottom 9.
  • a connection lug is introduced. 11a of the protective element 13 inside the orifice 10, then said tab 11a is fixed, by welding, to the bottom 9.
  • the sleeve is placed 19 around the protective element 13, then the resin is poured inside the tube 12.
  • the pellet 15 is put in place, by introducing the second tab of connection 11b of the protective element 13 in the orifice 16 thereof.
  • a circular groove is made, by example by turning, in the center of the tube 12, so as to separate it into two housing elements 7a, 7b completely electrically isolated from each other.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Überspannungsableiter, welcher ein Gehäuse (7), zwei elektrische Kontaktenden, mindestens ein Gehäuseelement (7a, 7b) umfaßt, und mindestens ein Schutzelement (13) enthält, dessen Enden elektrisch mit denen der Kontaktenden verbunden sind, wobei dieses Element in einem sich im Gehäuse (7) befindenden Isolierstoff (17) getaucht ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse aus zwei von einander elektrisch isolierten Gehäuseelementen (7a, 7b) gebildet wird, welche die beiden Kontaktenden darstellen, und daß mindestens eine mechanisch belastbare Muffe (19) im Isolierstoff (17) zwischen den Gehäuseelementen (7) und dem Schutzelement (13) eingebettet ist.
  2. Überspannungsableiter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eines (7a) dieser Gehäuseelemente (7a, 7b) einen Boden (9) oder eine aus einem Stück mit ihm bestehende Querwand besitzt, wobei der elektrische Kontakt zwischen dem Schutzelement (13) und dem Gehäuseelement (7a) über den genannten Boden (9) zustande kommt.
  3. Überspannungsableiter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das andere Gehäuseelement (7b) ebenfalls einen mit ihm mechanisch und elektrisch leitend verbundenen Boden (15) besitzt, wobei eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen dem zweiten Ende des Schutzelements (13) und dem genannten Boden besteht (15).
  4. Überspannungsableiter nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Muffe (19) aus gewebten Glasfasern besteht.
  5. Überspannungsableiter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Muffe (19) geflochtene Kohlenstoff-Fasern umfaßt.
  6. Überspannungsableiter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schutzelement (13) mehrere in Serie geschaltete, nichtlineare Komponenten umfaßt.
  7. Überspannungsableiter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schutzelement (13) mehrere parallelgeschaltete, nichtlineare Komponenten umfaßt.
  8. Überspannungsableiter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er mit mehreren zur Längsachse (yy') des Gehäuses (7) koaxial angeordneten Muffen (19) versehen ist.
EP95935989A 1994-10-19 1995-10-19 Überspannungsableiter Expired - Lifetime EP0782753B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9412478 1994-10-19
FR9412478A FR2726118B1 (fr) 1994-10-19 1994-10-19 Dispositif parafoudre
PCT/FR1995/001384 WO1996013043A1 (fr) 1994-10-19 1995-10-19 Dispositif parafoudre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0782753A1 EP0782753A1 (de) 1997-07-09
EP0782753B1 true EP0782753B1 (de) 1999-01-20

Family

ID=9467999

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95935989A Expired - Lifetime EP0782753B1 (de) 1994-10-19 1995-10-19 Überspannungsableiter

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5831808A (de)
EP (1) EP0782753B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69507499T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2128776T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2726118B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1996013043A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2798784B1 (fr) * 1999-09-17 2002-01-11 Francois Girard Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions
US7123463B2 (en) * 2002-04-15 2006-10-17 Andrew Corporation Surge lightning protection device
US6891706B2 (en) * 2002-07-11 2005-05-10 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Protected exciter for an electrical power generator and associated methods
JP4363226B2 (ja) * 2003-07-17 2009-11-11 三菱マテリアル株式会社 サージアブソーバ
US8174132B2 (en) * 2007-01-17 2012-05-08 Andrew Llc Folded surface capacitor in-line assembly
US11251595B2 (en) 2018-07-03 2022-02-15 Erico International Corporation Lightning protection system and method
US11588552B2 (en) 2019-03-07 2023-02-21 Arris Enterprises Llc Data-carrying arrester

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7711213U1 (de) * 1977-04-06 1977-07-21 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Ueberspannungsableiter
JPS60218732A (ja) * 1984-04-13 1985-11-01 Toshiba Corp 避雷器の切離し装置
CH666574A5 (de) * 1984-06-01 1988-07-29 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Ueberspannungsableiter.
US4656555A (en) * 1984-12-14 1987-04-07 Harvey Hubbell Incorporated Filament wrapped electrical assemblies and method of making same
FR2619244B1 (fr) * 1987-08-06 1992-09-04 Sediver Ste Europ Isolateurs V Procede de fabrication d'un parafoudre et parafoudre obtenu par ce procede
JPH0719636B2 (ja) * 1987-12-29 1995-03-06 富士電機株式会社 避雷器
FR2625626B1 (fr) * 1987-12-30 1990-04-27 Alsthom Resistance de freinage pour reseau electrique a haute tension
GB2230661B (en) * 1989-02-07 1993-09-01 Bowthorpe Ind Ltd Electrical surge arrester/diverter
US5043838A (en) * 1989-03-31 1991-08-27 Hubbell Incorporated Modular electrical assemblies with pressure relief
JPH04192502A (ja) * 1990-11-27 1992-07-10 Meidensha Corp 避雷器
FR2678765A1 (fr) * 1991-07-04 1993-01-08 Ferraz Procede de fabrication d'un parafoudre et parafoudre obtenu par mise en óoeuvre de ce procede.
CH682858A5 (de) * 1991-12-04 1993-11-30 Asea Brown Boveri Ueberspannungsableiter.
JP2513105B2 (ja) * 1992-03-31 1996-07-03 三菱マテリアル株式会社 サ―ジアブソ―バ
DE4306691A1 (de) * 1993-03-04 1994-11-03 Abb Management Ag Ueberspannungsableiter
DE59401902D1 (de) * 1993-09-06 1997-04-10 Asea Brown Boveri Überspannungsableiter
US5402100A (en) * 1993-12-06 1995-03-28 General Electric Company Overvoltage surge arrester with means for protecting its porcelain housing against rupture by arc-produced shocks
US5652690A (en) * 1996-01-26 1997-07-29 General Electric Company Lightning arrester having a double enclosure assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2726118B1 (fr) 1996-12-06
WO1996013043A1 (fr) 1996-05-02
EP0782753A1 (de) 1997-07-09
DE69507499D1 (de) 1999-03-04
US5831808A (en) 1998-11-03
FR2726118A1 (fr) 1996-04-26
DE69507499T2 (de) 1999-09-02
ES2128776T3 (es) 1999-05-16

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