EP1830369B1 - Vorrichtung zum Schutz gegen Überspannungen mit vereinfachtem Aufbau und verbesserter Zuverlässigkeit - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Schutz gegen Überspannungen mit vereinfachtem Aufbau und verbesserter Zuverlässigkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1830369B1
EP1830369B1 EP07356027A EP07356027A EP1830369B1 EP 1830369 B1 EP1830369 B1 EP 1830369B1 EP 07356027 A EP07356027 A EP 07356027A EP 07356027 A EP07356027 A EP 07356027A EP 1830369 B1 EP1830369 B1 EP 1830369B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
varistor
holding means
face
housing
casing
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EP07356027A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1830369A1 (de
Inventor
Alain René Robert Lagnoux
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ABB France SAS
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ABB France SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/12—Means structurally associated with spark gap for recording operation thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general technical field of protection of equipment or electrical installations, such as electrical appliances, circuits or distribution networks, against power supply disturbances.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to the technical field of protection devices against voltage disturbances, such as overvoltages, in particular transient overvoltages in particular due to lightning.
  • the devices for protecting electrical equipment against overvoltages, in particular transient overvoltages, in particular due to lightning, are well known.
  • Such devices which are sometimes referred to as surge arrester or surge arrester, are intended to ground fault currents (including lightning currents), and to limit the induced surges to levels compatible with the maintenance of equipment and materials connected downstream of protective devices.
  • these protection devices are generally connected between the phase or phases supplying the equipment to be protected on the one hand and the earth on the other hand.
  • protective devices which implement, as an overvoltage protection component, at least one varistor, that is to say an electrical component whose resistance (or impedance) value varies significantly. depending on the voltage applied to its poles. More precisely, the varistors have a very high resistance (or impedance) as long as the voltage at their poles does not reach a threshold value; beyond this threshold, the impedance drops sharply.
  • Metallic oxide (or " MOV ") varistors are preferably used.
  • the resistance (or impedance) of the varistor drops to allow grounding of the fault current.
  • the varistor automatically regains its initial high impedance.
  • the impedance of the varistor is sufficiently high that the current flowing through it to flow to the earth, called the leakage current, is negligible (eg less than one milliampere intensity).
  • thermo disconnection means disconnecting the protection device of the equipment to be protected. when the temperature of the varistor exceeds a predetermined critical temperature.
  • This disconnection is also generally accompanied by a visual signal, obtained using a display means, indicating to the user that the protective device is to be replaced.
  • the thermal disconnection is for example obtained by merging a welding, which releases an elastic blade whose trigger opens the electrical circuit in which is inserted the varistor of the protective device.
  • the known varistors generally employed in the manufacture of surge arresters are usually in the form of a substantially parallelepipedic component with a first and a second opposite face, mutually spaced a distance corresponding to the thickness of the varistor, and separated by a lateral wall extending from the periphery of the faces, between the latter.
  • First and second metal tabs emerge respectively from the first and second faces.
  • the said tabs correspond respectively to the first and second poles of the varistor. These tabs are therefore intended to be electrically connected to the installation to be protected against overvoltages.
  • Known devices generally comprise a housing defining within it a housing in which is disposed the (or) varistor.
  • the housing comprises in particular on the one hand a front facade disposed substantially vis-à-vis and at a distance from the first face of the varistor, and secondly a dorsal front against which the varistor is placed, the second face abutting against said dorsal facade to maintain the varistor position in the housing.
  • the second tab which emerges from the second face is directly connected to a second connection terminal intended to ensure the electrical connection of the protective device to the installation to be protected.
  • the first tab, which emerges from the first face is in turn connected in series with the thermal disconnection means (and possibly the visualization means associated therewith), which is itself connected to a first connection terminal.
  • the fact that the second face of the varistor is pressed against the dorsal front of the housing creates a direct thermal bridge between the varistor and the housing.
  • the heat released by the varistor, before it is disconnected by the thermal disconnection means is directly transmitted to the housing, which increases the risk of damage or fire.
  • the varistor used in a surge arrester is specifically sized, from the point of view of its electrical characteristics, depending on the characteristics of the installation to be protected on the one hand and overvoltage phenomena that may occur on the other hand.
  • the thickness of the varistor is generally related to its voltage characteristic, while the surface area of the varistor is related to the amount of energy it can dissipate.
  • varistors of different thicknesses according to the protection constraints. This implies, for known devices, to provide a specific housing for a given varistor thickness. Indeed, depending on the thickness of the varistor, the docking of the thermal disconnection means and the first tab is performed at a greater or lesser distance from the dorsal front against which is supported the second side of the varistor.
  • EP-A-1,077,452 a device for protecting an electrical circuit against transient overvoltages in which the varistor is resiliently pressed against lateral shoulders of the housing by one of the electrical contact elements used for its electrical connection.
  • the objects assigned to the invention are therefore intended to remedy the various disadvantages listed above and to propose a new device for protecting an electrical installation against overvoltages which has an improved level of security and a particularly simple construction and little expensive.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a new device for protecting an electrical installation against overvoltages built from a small variety of standardized components.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a new device for protecting an electrical installation against overvoltages made from a minimum of components.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a new device for protecting a particularly robust electrical surge arrester.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a new device for protecting an electrical installation against overvoltages which minimizes the risk of fire in case of thermal runaway of the varistor.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a new varistor that allows the manufacture of an overvoltage protection device having an improved level of security and a low cost.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a new varistor of particularly simple construction and close to that of the varistors of the prior art.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a new method of manufacturing a device for protecting an electrical installation against overvoltages that is particularly simple and quick to implement.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a new method of manufacturing a device for protecting an electrical installation against overvoltages which only requires the implementation of a small number of very simple operations and which does not require no particular qualification or training.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a new method of manufacturing a varistor particularly simple, fast and cheap to implement.
  • the invention relates to a protection device 1 of an electrical installation (not shown) against overvoltages.
  • the term "electrical installation” here refers to any type of installation, apparatus, instrument, network, electrical circuit or telecommunication likely to be subject to random power supply and especially to overvoltages, in particular at transient overvoltages, such as those caused by lightning. In the latter case, the protective device 1 is therefore advantageously a surge arrester.
  • the protection device 1 against overvoltages according to the invention is intended to be connected bypass on the installation to be protected.
  • the protection device 1 against overvoltages according to the invention is intended to be electrically connected between a phase of the installation to be protected and the earth.
  • the device 1 instead of being connected in shunt between a phase and the earth, is connected between the neutral and the earth, or between the phase and the neutral, or between two phases (case of differential protection).
  • the protective device 1 comprises a housing 2, made for example, as is well known per se, an insulating material such as a plastic material.
  • the housing 2 delimits within it a housing 3.
  • the housing 2 is hollow, and it defines an empty internal volume corresponding to the housing 3.
  • the housing 3 is intended to accommodate in particular a surge protection component, which component is itself intended to be connected bypass to the electrical installation to be protected.
  • the protective device 1 comprises, as a protective component, a varistor 4 disposed within the housing 3, that is to say inside the housing 2.
  • the device 1 may of course comprise more than one varistor, or comprise only one varistor formed by the functional assembly of several varistors, without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • a varistor is a component whose resistance (or impedance) is variable depending on the voltage applied to it. Such components are well known as such.
  • the varistor 4 is a metal oxide varistor (also known by the acronym " MOV ").
  • the varistor 4 has a first face 5 and a second face 6 opposite.
  • the varistor 4 further comprises a side wall 7 extending between the first face 5 and the second face 6, according to the thickness, said side wall 7 connecting said faces 5, 6 to their periphery.
  • the side wall 7 thus preferably has a substantially annular shape whose contour corresponds to that of the periphery of the faces 5, 6.
  • the side wall 7 is inscribed in a fictitious cylinder 8 whose generator is the wall lateral, that is to say that said imaginary cylinder 8 "rests" on the side wall 7.
  • the first and second faces 5, 6 have a substantially flat character and extend substantially parallel to each other at a distance from each other, while the side wall 7 extends substantially perpendicularly to said first and second faces 5, 6.
  • the first and second faces 5, 6 are substantially identical, at least from the point of view of their general shape and their dimensions.
  • the first face 5 and the second face 6 each have a substantially rectangular shape, and preferably square.
  • the corners of each face 5, 6 can of course be substantially rounded, as illustrated in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the varistor 4 thus advantageously has a substantially parallelepiped shape, the side wall 7 being formed of four panels 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D substantially planar, parallel in pairs.
  • the imaginary cylinder 8 is therefore a square base cylinder, the sides of the square corresponding to the panels 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D.
  • the varistor 4 has any other form well known to those skilled in the art, and for example, as illustrated in FIG. figure 5 a form of discoid pellet in which the first and second faces 5, 6 have a rounded, circular shape, while the side wall 7 has a circular annular shape.
  • the imaginary cylinder 8 is therefore a circular base cylinder.
  • the varistor 4 also has a first pole 9 and a second pole 10, intended to be electrically connected to the electrical installation to be protected, as is well known as such.
  • the first pole 9 extends from the first face 5, while the second pole 10 extends from the second face 6 of the varistor.
  • the first and second poles 9, 10 respectively emerge from the first and second faces 5, 6.
  • Such a configuration is also well known per se.
  • the first pole 9 comprises at least a first connection plate 9A extending against the first face 5, substantially parallel to the latter.
  • the first connection plate 9A is preferably made of a metallic material.
  • the first pole 9 further comprises a first connection lug 9B electrically connected to the first connection plate 9A, and to a first connection terminal 11 mounted in the housing 2.
  • the first connecting lug 9B is extends from the first connecting plate 9A, and even more preferably comes from material with said plate 9A.
  • connection terminal 11 is itself designed to be electrically connected to an electric cable (not shown) connecting it to the electrical installation to be protected (not shown).
  • the device 1 comprises an electrical disconnection means 12 of the varistor 4, said disconnection means 12 being electrically connected to the first pole 9.
  • the electrical disconnection means 12 is sensitive to the temperature of the the varistor 4 and is designed to disconnect said varistor 4 of the electrical installation to be protected when the temperature of the varistor 4 reaches a predetermined value reflecting a malfunction of the varistor 4.
  • the disconnection means 12 therefore forms a means of thermal disconnection of the varistor 4.
  • the disconnecting means 12 comprises a disconnection blade 12A electrically connecting the first connection terminal 11 and the first connection tab 9B, that is to say that the varistor 4 comprises a first connection tab 9B connected to said electrical disconnection means 12, which is also connected to the first connection terminal 11 to ensure electrical continuity between the tab 9B and the terminal 11.
  • the blade 12A which has an electrically conductive character, is thus connected in series between the first tab of 9B connection and the first connection terminal 11.
  • the blade 12A is secured to the first connecting lug 9B by a fuse pin 12B, formed for example by solder.
  • the blade thus welded to the first tab 9B on the one hand and to the first terminal 11 on the other hand ensures the passage of current between the first terminal 11 and the first pole 9.
  • the first connecting lug 9B extends substantially to the right of the first face 5, so that the point of connection between the lug 9B and the blade 12A made using the fuse pin 12B is positioned at the right of the first face 5.
  • the fuse pin 12B Under the effect of an abnormal heating of the varistor 4, the fuse pin 12B is designed to melt and thus release the blade 12A. The latter, under the effect of its elastic nature, will relax, in the direction D, to come into a stable return position in which it is sufficiently far from the first connecting lug 9B to break the electrical contact between the blade 12A and the first connecting leg 9B. In this configuration, the electrical contact between the first terminal 11 and the first leg 9B is broken.
  • the disconnection means 12 comprises other technical means that a resilient blade and a fuse pad.
  • any other means of thermal disconnection known to those skilled in the art can be implemented.
  • the disconnection means 12 is functionally connected to a display means 13 allowing the user, without dismantling the housing 2, to know whether the varistor 4 is still connected to the installation to be protected or if it has been on the contrary disconnected from the installation under the effect of a deflection of the blade 12A due to the melting of the fuse pin 12B.
  • the display means 13 may comprise a cam 13A mounted to rotate freely on the housing 2 via a rotation shaft 13B.
  • the cam 13A is advantageously provided with a rounded notch 14 cooperating with the blade 12A so that when the blade 12A expands towards its open and return position, it pushes the cam 13A, which causes the rotation of this last.
  • the cam 13A is provided with a signaling zone 15A, for example colored in red, which appears opposite a window 15B formed in the housing 2, when the cam 13A pivots under the action of the deflection of the blade 12A .
  • the disconnection means 12 and the display means 13 are contained in the housing 2.
  • the second pole 10 also comprises at least one second connection plate 10A extending against the second face 6, substantially parallel to the latter.
  • the second pole 10 also comprises a second connection lug 10B electrically connected to the second plate 10A on the one hand and to a second connection terminal 16 mounted in the housing 2 on the other hand.
  • the second connection tab 10B extends from the plate 10A, and even more preferably comes from the material with the first connection plate 10A. The second pole 10 is thus connected directly to the second connection terminal 16, whose function is similar to that of the first connection terminal 11 described above.
  • the protective device 1 comprises a means for holding the varistor 4 in position 17 in the housing 3.
  • the function devolved to the holding means in position 17 is to contribute by itself, at least in an essential proportion, to maintain in a fixed and immobile position the varistor 4 in the housing 3 formed in the housing 2.
  • the holding means 17 is distinct from the connecting tabs 9B, 10B for electrically connecting the varistor 4 to the terminals 11, 16 and performs its function of maintaining the position of the varistor 4 independently of the state of the disconnecting means 12.
  • the holding means 17 extends between on the one hand a first end 17A, towards which the holding means 17 is connected, and more precisely attached (fixed) to the casing 2, and on the other hand to a second end 17B, towards which the holding means 17 is attached to the varistor 4, and more precisely is attached (fixed) to the first face 5 of said varistor 4.
  • the holding means 17 provides a mechanical connection, which is preferably a recess connection between the varistor 4 and the housing 2, in order to fix and immobilize the varistor 4 in the housing 2
  • the holding means 17 is thus fixed, that is to say fastened, to the varistor 4 towards its second end 17B.
  • the mechanical connection between the holding means 17 and the varistor 4 is therefore a flush connection.
  • the holding means 17 cooperates, towards its first end 17A, with the housing 2, to lock in position the varistor 4.
  • the connection between the holding means 17 and the housing 2 is also a mounting connection, and preferentially cold fixation (without welding), obtained by mechanical assembly.
  • the holding means 17 contributes in majority or essential way to maintaining the position of the varistor 4 in the housing 2. It is therefore entirely conceivable that other elements outside the holding means 17 and distinct from the latter also contribute, to a lesser extent, minority, to maintain the varistor 4 in position in the housing 3, without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the holding means 17 extends, between the first end 17A and the second end 17B, substantially outside the space 18 located at the right of each of the first and second faces 5, 6.
  • the means 17 extends laterally relative to the varistor 4, that is to say, its active portion, which connects the varistor 4 to the housing. 2, extends outside the space 18 located vis-à-vis the first and second faces 5, 6, that is to say facing said faces 5, 6, perpendicular to the latter.
  • the holding means 17 advantageously protrudes from the imaginary cylinder 8 towards the outside of the latter.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to suspend the varistor 4 in the housing 2, within the housing 3, by means of the holding means 17.
  • the invention can therefore also be defined, in a particular embodiment, as comprising the providing a housing 2 provided with means for receiving the holding means 17 designed so that the varistor 4 is suspended in the housing 3 by its holding means 17.
  • the invention also relates as such, and independently, a protection device 1 against overvoltages comprising on the one hand a housing 2 delimiting a housing 3 within it and on the other hand a varistor 4 mounted at a distance walls of the housing 2 to provide a free space around substantially the entire of the varistor 4.
  • a protection device 1 against overvoltages comprising on the one hand a housing 2 delimiting a housing 3 within it and on the other hand a varistor 4 mounted at a distance walls of the housing 2 to provide a free space around substantially the entire of the varistor 4.
  • a holding means 17 extending substantially outside the space 18 located at the right of each of the first and second faces 5, 6.
  • the holding means 17 extends, at least in part, substantially perpendicularly to the side wall 7.
  • the holding means 17 extends entirely perpendicularly to the side wall 7, and thus to the dummy surface of the imaginary cylinder 8 in which the side wall 7 is inscribed.
  • the holding means 17 comprises a first section 19 which extends substantially obliquely relative to the side wall 7, the first section 19 being extended by a second section 20 substantially perpendicular to the side wall 7.
  • the holding means 17 extend, at least in part, substantially in a plane tangential to the first face 5 from which emerges the first leg 9B intended to be connected to the disconnection means 12, as illustrated. to the figures 2 , 3 and 5 .
  • the holding means 17 is secured to the first pole 9, which is intended to be connected in series to the disconnecting means. Even more preferably, the holding means 17 is made of material with said first pole 9.
  • the holding means 17 comprises at least one support lug, and preferably two support lugs 21, 22, extending from the first plate 9A and preferably made of material with the latter.
  • the first plate 9A and the holding means 17 form only one and the same piece, the holding means 17 forming an extension of the plate 9A outside the space 18 located at the right of the first face 5, from which emerges the first connecting lug 9B intended to be connected to the disconnection means 12.
  • each support lug 21, 22 extends substantially in the same plane as the first plate 9A, that is to say it extends parallel to the first face 5.
  • each support lug 21, 22 preferably extends substantially tangentially to the first face 5 and perpendicular to the direction of the thickness of the varistor 4.
  • the device 1, and more precisely the varistor 4 comprises two support tabs 21, 22 attached to the first face 5 and each projecting from the imaginary cylinder 8 towards the outside of the latter, in opposite respective directions.
  • the holding means 17 comprises a substantially circular flange 27 which extends in the extension of the plate 9A, outside the interior volume defined by the imaginary cylinder 8.
  • the first connecting lug 9B extends substantially perpendicular to the first face 5, while the support lug 21, 22 extends substantially tangentially to the first face 5.
  • said connecting lug 9B and lugs support 21 come from matter with the first pole 9.
  • connection lugs 9B, 10B and support 21, 22 are of course not limited to a specific shape or orientation of the connection lugs 9B, 10B and support 21, 22.
  • the housing 2 comprises a support 23 against which the holding means 17 bears against its first end 17A.
  • the support lugs 21, 22, attached to the first face 5 of the varistor 4 rest stably against the support 23.
  • the housing 2 further comprises a locking means 24 bearing against the holding means 17, so that the holding means 17 is interposed between the support 23 and the locking means 24, which contributes to, or preferably completely ensures the immobilization of the holding means 17, and therefore the varistor 4 to which it is attached.
  • the support 23 and the locking means 24 form the two jaws of a jaw coming to grip and lock the holding means 17 towards (that is to say in the vicinity of) its first end 17A, the holding means 17 being integral with the varistor 4 towards its second end 17B.
  • the housing 2 comprises a lower half-housing 2A and a complementary upper half-housing 2B, said lower half-housings 2A and upper 2B being assembled, for example by snap-fastening, to delimit together, once assembled, a closed internal volume forming housing 3.
  • the support 23 is carried by, and preferably comes from, material with the lower half-housing 2A, while the locking means 24 is carried by, and preferably comes from, material with the upper half-housing 2B.
  • the lower half-casing 2A comprises a lower facade 25, arranged facing the second face 6, and forming an insulating wall inside the casing 2 from the outside. From the lower facade 25 is at least one lower rib forming the support 23. In the case of the variant illustrated in FIG. figure 2 , two lower ribs 25A, 25B rise from the lower face 25 to serve as respective supports for the first and second support legs 21, 22, which abut against said lower ribs 25A, 25B.
  • the height of the lower ribs 25A, 25B is chosen so that the second face 6 of the varistor 4 does not come into contact with the lower facade 25, but is instead kept at a distance from said lower facade 25.
  • the upper half-case 2B comprises an upper face 26 disposed opposite the first face 5, and forming an insulating wall inside the casing 2 from the outside.
  • the lower and upper facades 25, 26 are preferably substantially flat and parallel. From upper front 26 extends at least one upper rib forming the locking means 24.
  • two upper ribs 26A, 26B rise from the upper face 26 to cooperate respectively with the first and second support legs 21, 22. Said support legs 21, 22 are thus taken in a vice between on the one hand the lower ribs 25A, 25B and on the other hand the upper ribs 26A, 26B.
  • the height of the upper ribs 26A, 26B from the upper face 26 is preferably sufficient to provide a free space to the right of the first face 5, said free space itself being of sufficient height to contain the first connecting lug 9B, as well as the disconnection means 12 and the display means 13 which may be associated with it.
  • the housing 2 comprises an upper front 26 disposed opposite the first face 5 and a lower front 25 disposed facing the second face 6, the holding means 17 maintaining the varistor 4 at a distance from said lower and upper facades 25. to provide a substantially free space to the right of said first and second faces 5, 6.
  • a partition (not shown) , parallel to the upper 26 and lower 25 faces is further disposed against and the along the first face 5, an orifice being formed in said partition to allow the passage of the first connecting lug 9B.
  • the invention thus makes it possible, by attaching the holding means 17 to the first face of which emerges the first connecting lug 9B intended to interact with the disconnecting means 12, to guarantee that said first connecting lug 9B will always be strictly in the same place in the housing 2 regardless of the thickness of the varistor 4, as long as the height of the support 23 relative to the bottom facade 25 has been correctly chosen. Indeed, as is visible on the figure 2 , even if the protection conditions require the implementation, in the housing 2 illustrated in FIG. figure 2 of a varistor having a thickness greater than that of the varistor represented in figure 2 this will not lead to raising the first connecting lug 9B, which would consequently result in the modification of the docking of the first connecting lug 9B with the connecting means 12.
  • This advantage is moreover obtained in a very simple way, without it being necessary to introduce, for example, specific shapes within the housing 2, such as an intermediate support partition for the first face 5.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a protection device 1 of an electrical installation against overvoltages.
  • the method comprises a step of manufacturing, or supplying, a housing 2 delimiting within it a housing 3.
  • the method according to the invention also comprises a step of supplying or manufacturing a varistor 4 having on the one hand a first pole 9 and a second pole 10, and on the other hand a first and a second face 5, 6 opposite from which they respectively extend said first and second poles 9, 10, said varistor 4 being intended to be disposed within the housing 3.
  • the method according to the invention also comprises a step of maintaining in position the varistor 4 within the housing 3, that is to say a step in which is fixed in position, within the housing 3, the varistor 4 relative to the case 2.
  • the step of maintaining the position of the varistor 4 in the housing 3 is carried out, in accordance with the invention, using a holding means 17 extending, as previously described, between at least on the one hand a first end 17A towards which the holding means is connected to the housing 2, and on the other hand a second end 17B towards which the holding means 17 is attached to the varistor 4.
  • a mechanical connection is established, using a mechanical fastener formed by the holding means 17, between the varistor 4, positioned within the housing 3, and the housing 2
  • This mechanical connection involves in particular the attachment, that is to say the securing, of the holding means 17 to the varistor 4, as well as the cooperation of the holding means 17 with the housing 2 to maintain the varistor 4 immobile in the housing 3.
  • the cooperation between the holding means 17 and the housing 2 may be a single support or embedding cooperation for example.
  • the holding step is performed so that the holding means 17 extends, between the first and second ends 17A, 17B, substantially outside the space 18 located at the right of each of the first and second faces 5, 6 of the varistor 4.
  • the holding step is advantageously a lateral latching step of the varistor 4 within of the housing 2, and more preferably a step of suspending the varistor 4 within the housing 2, in the housing 3. Thanks to the implementation of such a suspension step, the varistor 4 is not posed within of the housing 2, that is to say that its holding position is not insured, contrary to what is practiced in the prior art, by the direct bearing of one of the faces 5, 6 against the housing 2 (or against a part attached thereto).
  • the step of manufacturing (or supplying) the housing 2 comprises a first substep in which a lower half-housing 2A is manufactured or supplied comprising a support 23 against which the holding means 17 is intended to come into contact. support towards its first end 17A.
  • the lower half-casing 2A comprises a substantially planar lower face 25 from which rises at least one support rib 23.
  • the support 23 comprises two lower ribs 25A, 25B rising opposite one another, the distance between the ribs 25A, 25B being sufficient to allow the insertion, between said ribs 25A, 25B, of the varistor 4 so that the second face 6 of the latter is vis-à-vis the lower facade 25.
  • the step of maintaining the position of the varistor 4 comprises a first substep in which the varistor 4 is arranged relative to the lower half-casing 2A so that the holding means 17 bears, towards its first end 17A. against the support 23.
  • this first substep proceeds as follows.
  • the lower half-casing 2A rests stably on a working surface, preferably flat, against its lower facade 25.
  • the varistor 4, from which extend the first and second support lugs 21, 22, is inserted between the ribs 25A, 25B, so that the first lug 21 is placed on the rib 25A, while the second lug 22 is placed on the rib 25B corresponding, the second face 6 facing the bottom facade 25.
  • the varistor 4 rests stably in support on the ribs 25A, 25B, its second face 6 being preferably at a distance and facing the lower facade 25.
  • the step of manufacturing (or supplying) the housing 2 also comprises a second substep in which (or is provided) an upper half-housing 2B comprising a locking means 24 intended to bear against the Retaining means 17.
  • the upper half-casing 2B preferably comprises an upper front 26 from which rises at least one upper rib forming the locking means 24.
  • the locking means 24 comprises at least two upper ribs 26A, 26B which extend parallel to one another, over a sufficient height, to define between them a space capable of receiving the first connecting tab 9B, the disconnecting means 12 and the viewing means 13.
  • the step of holding in position comprises a second substep, preferably subsequent to the first substep of the holding step.
  • the upper half-casing 2B is attached to and against the lower half-casing 2B so that the locking means 24 bears against the holding means 17, said holding means 17 being interposed, and wedged, between the support 23 and the locking means 24.
  • the method according to the invention thus makes it possible to immobilize in position the varistor 4 within the housing 2 in a particularly simple, fast and efficient manner, by simple stacking of a lower half-housing 2A, d a varistor 4 to which is attached a lateral holding means 17, and an upper half-housing 2B.
  • the first connector lug 9B is specifically designed and intended to provide the interface between the varistor 4 and a disconnect means 12, which is preferably a thermal disconnect means.
  • the first connecting lug 9B is specifically designed and shaped to be assembled, via a fuse pin 12B, to a disconnection blade 12A.
  • said method comprises a step in which at least one support lug 21, 22 is attached to the first face 5, that is to say say on the face 5 from which emerges the first connection lug 9B intended to be connected to the disconnection means 12.
  • Said support lug 21, 22 protrudes from the imaginary cylinder 8 towards the outside of the latter.
  • the support lug 21, 22 is specifically shaped to allow the position of the varistor 4 to remain in position in a housing, and for example to allow the suspension of the varistor 4 within the housing.
  • there are attached to the first face 5 two support lugs 21, 22 extending in opposite directions, perpendicular to the side wall 7 and tangentially to the first face 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Schutz (1) einer elektrischen Anlage vor Überspannungen, die Folgendes umfasst:
    - ein Gehäuse (2), das in seinem Inneren eine Aufnahme (3) abgrenzt,
    - einen Varistor (4), der im Inneren der Aufnahme (3) angeordnet ist und einerseits einen ersten und einen zweiten Pol (9, 10) und andererseits eine erste und eine zweite entgegengesetzte Seite (5, 6) aufweist, von denen der erste beziehungsweise der zweite Pol (9, 10) hervorragen,
    - ein Mittel (17) zum Halten des Varistors (4) an seiner Stellung im Inneren der Aufnahme (3),
    wobei das Haltemittel (17) sich zwischen einerseits einem ersten Ende (17A), nach dem das Haltemittel (17) am Gehäuse (2) befestigt ist, und andererseits einem zweiten Ende (17B) erstreckt, nach dem das Haltemittel (17) an der ersten Seite (5) befestigt ist, wobei das Haltemittel (17) sich zwischen den Enden (17A, 17B) im Wesentlichen außerhalb des Raums (18) erstreckt, der sich im rechten Winkel von jeder der ersten und zweiten Seite (5, 6) befindet,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Varistor (4) in der Aufnahme (3) durch das Haltemittel (17) aufgehängt ist.
  2. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der erste und der zweite Pol (9, 10) des Varistors (4) vorgesehen sind, um ohne Zwischenschaltung des Haltemittels (17) elektrisch mit der zu schützenden elektrischen Anlage angeschlossen zu sein.
  3. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Varistor (4) eine Seitenwand (7) umfasst, die sich zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Seite (5, 6) erstreckt, wobei die Seitenwand (7) in einen fiktiven Zylinder (8) einbeschrieben ist, dessen Mantellinie die Seitenwand (7) ist, wobei das Haltemittel (17) ausgehend von dem fiktiven Zylinder (8) nach Außen dieses letzteren hervorsteht.
  4. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Haltemittel (17) sich zumindest teilweise im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Seitenwand (7) erstreckt.
  5. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Haltemittel (17) sich zumindest teilweise im Wesentlichen in einer Ebene erstreckt, die tangential zur ersten Seite (5) ist.
  6. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Haltemittel (17) fest mit dem ersten Pol (9) verbunden ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Haltemittel (17) einstückig mit dem ersten Pol ist.
  8. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Pol (9) mindestens eine erste Anschlussplatte (9A) umfasst, die sich gegen die erste Seite (5) und im Wesentlichen parallel zu dieser letzteren erstreckt, wobei das Haltemittel (17) mindestens eine Traglasche (21, 22) umfasst, die sich ausgehend von der ersten Platte im Wesentlichen in derselben Ebene wie diese letztere erstreckt.
  9. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (2) einen Träger (23) umfasst, gegen den das Haltemittel (17) nach seinem ersten Endes (17A) in Anlage kommt.
  10. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (2) ein Sperrmittel (24) umfasst, das derart gegen das Haltemittel (17) in Anlage kommt, dass das Haltemittel zwischen dem Träger (23) und dem Sperrmittel (24) zwischengeschaltet ist.
  11. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (2) ein unteres Halbgehäuse (2A) und ein oberes Halbgehäuse (2B) umfasst, die zusammengebaut sind, um die Aufnahme (3) zu begrenzen, wobei der Träger (23) durch das untere Halbgehäuse (2A) getragen wird, während das Sperrmittel (24) durch das obere Halbgehäuse (2B) getragen wird.
  12. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (2) eine obere Vorderseite (26), die der ersten Seite (5) gegenüberstehend angeordnet ist, und eine untere Vorderseite (25) umfasst, die der zweiten Seite (6) gegenüberstehend angeordnet ist, wobei das Haltemittel (17) den Varistor (4) von der unteren (25) und oberen (26) Vorderseite entfernt hält, um einen im Wesentlichen freien Raum im rechten Winkel (18) zur ersten und zweiten Seite (5, 6) auszustatten.
  13. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ein Mittel (12) zur elektrischen Abschaltung des mit dem ersten Pol (9) verbundenen Varistors (4) umfasst.
  14. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Varistor (4) eine erste Anschlusslasche (9B) umfasst, die an das elektrische Trennmittel (12) angeschlossen ist, wobei die erste Anschlusslasche (9B) sich im Wesentlichen im rechten Winkel zur ersten Seite (5) erstreckt.
  15. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Überspannungsableiter bildet.
  16. Varistor (4), der Folgendes umfasst:
    - einen ersten und einen zweiten Pol (9, 10), wobei der erste Pol (9) eine erste Anschlusslasche (9B) umfasst, die dazu bestimmt ist, an ein Abschaltungsmittel (12) angeschlossen zu werden,
    - eine erste und eine zweite gegenüberliegende Seite (5, 6), aus denen der erste beziehungsweise der zweite Pol (9, 10) hervorragen,
    - eine Seitenwand (7), die sich zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Seite (5, 6) erstreckt, wobei die Seitenwand (7) in einen fiktiven Zylinder (8) einbeschrieben ist, dessen Mantellinie die Seitenwand (7) ist,
    - mindestens eine Traglasche (21, 22), die an der ersten Seite (5) befestigt ist und ausgehend von dem fiktiven Zylinder (8) nach Außen dieses letzteren hervorsteht,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens eine Traglache sich von der ersten Anschlusslasche (9B) unterscheidet.
  17. Varistor (4) nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Anschlusslasche (9B) sich im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur ersten Seite (5) erstreckt, während die Traglasche (21, 22) sich im Wesentlichen tangential zur ersten Seite (5) erstreckt.
  18. Varistor (4) nach Anspruch 16 oder 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er zwei Traglaschen (21, 22) umfasst, die an der ersten Seite (5) befestigt sind und jeweils ausgehend von dem fiktiven Zylinder (8) gemäß jeweils entgegengesetzten Richtungen nach Außen dieses letzteren hervorstehen.
  19. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Schutz (1) einer elektrischen Anlage vor Überspannungen, das Folgendes umfasst:
    - einen Schritt der Herstellung oder der Bereitstellung eines Gehäuses, das in seinem Inneren eine Aufnahme (3) abgrenzt,
    - einen Schritt der Herstellung oder der Bereitstellung eines Varistors (4), der einerseits einen ersten und einen zweiten Pol (9, 10) und andererseits eine erste und eine zweite entgegengesetzte Seite (5, 6) aufweist, von denen der erste beziehungsweise der zweite Pol (9, 10) hervorragen, wobei der Varistor (4) dazu bestimmt ist, im Inneren der Aufnahme (3) angeordnet zu werden,
    - einen Schritt des Haltens des Varistors (4) an seiner Stellung im Inneren der Aufnahme (3),
    wobei der Schritt des Haltens des Varistors an seiner Stellung im Inneren der Aufnahme (3) mittels eines Haltemittels (17) durchgeführt wird, das sich zwischen mindestens einerseits einem ersten Ende (17A), nach dem das Haltemittel (17) am Gehäuse (2) befestigt wird, und andererseits einem zweiten Ende (17B) erstreckt, nach dem das Haltemittel (17) an der ersten Seite (5) befestigt wird, wobei das Haltemittel (17) sich zwischen den Enden (17A, 17B) im Wesentlichen außerhalb des Raums (18) erstreckt, der sich im rechten Winkel von jeder der ersten und zweiten Seite (5, 6) befindet,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Haltens des Varistors an seiner Stellung im Inneren der Aufnahme (3) das Aufhängen des Varistors (4) in der Aufnahme (3) durch das Haltemittel (17) umfasst.
  20. Verfahren nach Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt der Herstellung oder der Bereitstellung des Gehäuses (2) einen ersten Teilschritt umfasst, in dem ein unteres Halbgehäuse (2A) hergestellt oder bereitgestellt wird, das einen Träger (23) umfasst, wobei das Haltemittel (17) dazu bestimmt ist, nach seiner ersten Endes (17A) dagegen in Anlage zu kommen, wobei der Schritt des Haltens an der Stellung einen ersten Teilschritt umfasst, in dem der Varistor (4) derart in Bezug zum unteren Halbgehäuse (2A) angeordnet wird, dass das Haltemittel (17) nach seiner ersten Endes (17A) gegen den Träger (23) in Anlage kommt.
  21. Verfahren nach Anspruch 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt der Herstellung oder der Bereitstellung des Gehäuses (2) einen zweiten Teilschritt umfasst, in dem ein oberes Halbgehäuse (2B) hergestellt oder bereitgestellt wird, das ein Sperrmittel (24) umfasst, das dazu bestimmt ist, gegen das Haltemittel (17) in Anlage zu kommen, wobei der Schritt des Haltens an der Stellung einen zweiten Teilschritt umfasst, in dem das obere Halbgehäuse (2B) derart an dem unteren Halbgehäuse (2A) angestückt wird, dass das Sperrmittel (24) gegen das Haltemittel (17) in Anlage kommt, wobei dieses letztere so zwischen dem Träger (23) und dem Sperrmittel (24) zwischengeschaltet wird.
EP07356027A 2006-02-24 2007-02-23 Vorrichtung zum Schutz gegen Überspannungen mit vereinfachtem Aufbau und verbesserter Zuverlässigkeit Active EP1830369B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0601679A FR2897990B1 (fr) 2006-02-24 2006-02-24 Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions de construction simplifiee et de fiabilite accrue

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EP1830369A1 EP1830369A1 (de) 2007-09-05
EP1830369B1 true EP1830369B1 (de) 2012-11-28

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EP (1) EP1830369B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101038806B (de)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017214402B4 (de) * 2017-08-18 2022-03-03 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzgerät mit Varistoren
US11777298B2 (en) 2020-07-13 2023-10-03 Sean O'Reilly Lightning diverter system and methods

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4809124A (en) * 1988-03-24 1989-02-28 General Electric Company High-energy low-voltage surge arrester
US5021915A (en) * 1989-10-17 1991-06-04 General Electric Company Combination starter-protector device and method of assembling same, overload protector and method of assembling same
TW421413U (en) * 1994-07-18 2001-02-01 Murata Manufacturing Co Electronic apparatus and surface mounting devices therefor
JP3244708B2 (ja) * 1995-08-15 2002-01-07 ブアンズ・マルチヒューズ（ホンコン）・リミテッド 表面実装型の伝導性ポリマーデバイス並びにそうしたデバイスを製造するための方法
JPH10321407A (ja) * 1997-05-23 1998-12-04 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 表面実装型電子部品
US6430019B1 (en) * 1998-06-08 2002-08-06 Ferraz S.A. Circuit protection device
US6040971A (en) * 1998-06-08 2000-03-21 Martenson; Kenneth R. Circuit protection device
US6211770B1 (en) * 1999-04-27 2001-04-03 Mcg Electronics, Inc. Metal oxide varistor module
CN2754187Y (zh) * 2004-07-15 2006-01-25 贵州飞舸电子有限公司 新型结构的防雷压敏电阻

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2897990B1 (fr) 2008-05-09
CN101038806A (zh) 2007-09-19
FR2897990A1 (fr) 2007-08-31
ES2399654T3 (es) 2013-04-02
CN101038806B (zh) 2012-05-02
EP1830369A1 (de) 2007-09-05
US20070217112A1 (en) 2007-09-20

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