EP0270792B1 - Künstliches Pflanzenwerk oder Pflanze bzw. Teile hiervon - Google Patents

Künstliches Pflanzenwerk oder Pflanze bzw. Teile hiervon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0270792B1
EP0270792B1 EP87115452A EP87115452A EP0270792B1 EP 0270792 B1 EP0270792 B1 EP 0270792B1 EP 87115452 A EP87115452 A EP 87115452A EP 87115452 A EP87115452 A EP 87115452A EP 0270792 B1 EP0270792 B1 EP 0270792B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
foliage
tree
accordance
leaf
plants
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87115452A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0270792A3 (en
EP0270792A2 (de
Inventor
Albert Rademacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT87115452T priority Critical patent/ATE91852T1/de
Publication of EP0270792A2 publication Critical patent/EP0270792A2/de
Publication of EP0270792A3 publication Critical patent/EP0270792A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0270792B1 publication Critical patent/EP0270792B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41G—ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS; WIGS; MASKS; FEATHERS
    • A41G1/00—Artificial flowers, fruit, leaves, or trees; Garlands
    • A41G1/007—Artificial trees
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41G—ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS; WIGS; MASKS; FEATHERS
    • A41G1/00—Artificial flowers, fruit, leaves, or trees; Garlands
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H33/00—Other toys
    • A63H33/42—Toy models or toy scenery not otherwise covered

Definitions

  • the invention relates to artificial plants or plants or parts thereof according to the preamble of claim 1. Such plants are known from DE-A-2 902 185.
  • the artificial plants, trees, but also shrubs of all kinds, grasses and the like that are of interest here are e.g. used for model landscapes in sizes from just a few centimeters to a few decimeters. They serve in a wide variety of designs and with different quality requirements to beautify architectural models, landscape design of model railways and find great interest in the creation of animated film recordings. Some of them are individually designed by lovers to recreate landscapes that are as lifelike as possible, but they are also machine-made and marketed by relevant industries.
  • the industrial or at least partially industrial production of artificial plants, shrubs, green space models and trees of all kinds generally consists of a supporting framework made by an injection molding process, such as the trunk of a tree with appropriate branches.
  • the casting methods used here involve the processing of suitable plastics as well as metals or metal alloys.
  • Cast or injection-molded but also wire-shaped scaffolding structures for the foliage are usually attached to a base plate with pins, on which the corresponding landscape is to be built, mostly by simply inserting or gluing.
  • a non-ferrous material that simulates the leaves from foam particles or another granular material (e.g. sawdust) and the adhesive process made a permanent connection and guaranteed it even after transportation.
  • the arrangement of a net-like thread composite between the base for the planting and this as well as between the support in the form of a branch of trees or bushes and the foliage or needlework enables the attachment of a large number of small particles that reproduce plants or parts of plants in regular as well as in irregular density distribution without this thread compound appearing in a way that disturbs the natural appearance.
  • foliage of the manufactured artificial plants such as. B. the leaves of different tree species, but also snowflakes or the like are formed from a flat material, in particular with leaf foliage, even for a colored autumn foliage, it can be dyed extremely naturally and the respective leaf shape can be reproduced in a highly natural way by punching out a flat material, giving an almost realistic, realistic overall impression, for example for the model of a birch.
  • the leaves or similar foliage mimicked in their circumferential contour are so shaped that they repeat themselves in mirror image over at least one axis of symmetry, so that the position of the leaf is not perceived in the overall impression even when the direction between the stem approach and leaf tips are interchanged .
  • the application and connection which can practically only be done by hooking the green material consisting of a thread composite with foliage glued onto it onto an artificial plant, in particular the branches of a tree, is very simple and requires no special artistic skills, so that the Laypersons are encouraged by the plant assortment supplied, for example, in a kit, consisting of units of supporting frameworks (e.g. trunk + crown) and, on the other hand, the foliage (plastic net + adhering foliage) to carry out further individual designs and to apply their own creativity bring.
  • a kit consisting of units of supporting frameworks (e.g. trunk + crown) and, on the other hand, the foliage (plastic net + adhering foliage) to carry out further individual designs and to apply their own creativity bring.
  • the model tree produced according to the state of the art according to FIG. 1 is made from a cast metal using a special centrifugal casting method, insofar as it relates to the tree trunk and the branches, and regardless of the manufacture of the tree structure, a non-leaf is then used for the foliage of the tree.
  • ferrous translucent fibrous material cut into relatively large layers and colored on both sides by spraying in order to be able to specify a desired vegetation color.
  • adhesive is sprayed onto both sides of the colored nonwoven or the like translucent material and a sheet-simulating material in the form before drying the adhesive of foam or rubber-like material but also other particles such as wood flour so applied that the fiber layer is at least partially covered.
  • the layer product produced in this way which serves as foliage, can finally be sprayed with a lacquer which removes the adhesive properties which were previously required for the foliage.
  • the carrier material which is partially covered with leaf-simulating material, is cut to a suitable size for a tree structure or the like and then pulled over the branches of the tree.
  • tear the nonwoven material or foam material itself into finer particles in order to apply these in a more three-dimensional distribution to the branches of the tree and here to be able to attach.
  • the trunk 1 consists of a non-ferrous cast metal, which also applies to the branches 2, which accommodate the nonwoven fabric 3 or a corresponding foam rubber layer or the like as a supporting framework.
  • the nonwoven fabric 3 can also have a large number of longer individual fibers onto or between which the foam rubber particles 5 are joined.
  • the tree model constructed according to the invention 2 consists of a trunk 6, the branch tree 9 forming the crown of the tree.
  • a preferably multi-part mesh support in the form of a fiber composite 7 is hung over and into the branch tree 9 or is otherwise connected to the branch tree 9.
  • the fiber composite can have an irregular structure and is advantageously produced by unraveling a plastic rope.
  • the thread composite 7 in turn forms the supporting framework for the foliage 8, which is formed from sheet material, for example punched out.
  • FIGS. 3a-3e and 3e show, for example, sheet shapes produced in the context of the present invention and it can easily be seen that each of these sheet shapes has a plurality of axes of symmetry, that is to say, for example, FIGS. 3a-3e and 3e each have horizontal and vertical axes of symmetry lying in the center of mirror symmetry.
  • 3d and 3e have recognizably more than two axes of symmetry and further leaf shapes based on this basic principle are conceivable within the scope of the invention, care being taken that at least one of the axes of symmetry and thus one half of the leaf shapes used here have the actual shape of a special foliage, such as oak leaves or birch leaves and the like, or their overall visual impression is confusingly similar.
  • the network consists of a plastic fiber composite, roughly comparable to an actual hairnet, its coloring advantageously being chosen so that it corresponds to the color of the branches.
  • a net is glued in a suitable manner and sprinkled with the sheets punched out of a thin layered flat material or otherwise applied, so that inhomogeneous density distribution on the net a large number of sheets remain and together with the drying out of the adhesive here prescribe a permanent connection.
  • the unit-forming foliage consisting of mesh support 7 and leaf platelets 8 can, for example, for a commercial sale of such model trees or other plants, be packed separately in terms of volume in the form of a rolled-up mesh strip or in layers one above the other or already cut and packed separately and stored separately from the trees or shrubs or be inserted into a kit.
  • the assembly of the thread composite / foliage 7, 8 on the one hand and knotty branches 9 on the other hand is optionally carried out after any cutting of the rolled or layered thread composite by hanging in the knotty branches, each cut mesh automatically indicating the end of a branching of the tree crown or the like.
  • Narrow, wide or any area-cut nets with foliage attached to them can be inserted from the trunk into any depths and heights of the branch and form together a tree crown or a shrub foliage, which comes close to the foliage given by nature in its overall impression.
  • the thread composite is provided with glue evenly or unevenly and the needle or grass replicas are applied to the fiber composite in a known manner by electrostatic means.
  • Fig. 4 shows under no. 1 a net-like thread composite 7, which is composed of irregular mesh stitches, which in turn carry leaves or leaves as irregularly distributed as possible. From this thread composite, as shown, small surface units can be cut out in any surface, as described in prov . 2 and 3 of FIG. 4, onto which branch trees 9 prepared with an adhesive are loosely attached, for example by means of a brush.
  • Fig. 5 shows in the representations point. 1 to 6 a comparable procedure, whereby a branch tree is greened into a coniferous tree by again cutting out suitable surface parts from the net-like thread composite, which can then be subjected to a final processing by means of scissors after application to the branch tree, if this is the characteristic one Shaping, for example for a spruce, is useful.
  • Fig. 6 shows a similar procedure for the greening of a knotty jaw. For this purpose, it is advantageous to cut out triangular surface units from the original net-like thread composite, which in turn consists of a net with the most irregular mesh distribution possible, which is acted upon by needle-like particles, as shown, for which particularly characteristic needling effects can be achieved for the jaws.
  • Fig. 7 no. 1 to 3 then finally shows the greening of a floor area with green plants, shrubs and flowers of all kinds.
  • the net-like thread composite with foliage, needles, petals or the like is assumed, in the embodiment shown using brushes and glue in the manner shown in tufts is planted.
  • FIG 8 shows a greening of the area in which the area to be greened is first pretreated with a glue, onto which bundles of grass are then placed, which are permanently connected to the floor area after the glue has hardened.
  • Fig. 9 shows the example of greening with tufts of reeds.
  • the thread composite network is provided with a suitable surface area with a casting resin, which at the same time visually imitates the effect of a water surface, into which partial cutouts of the thread composite are then inserted in turn before curing, using brushes, as shown there.
  • the application of the net-like thread composite can, as these representations show, be practically arbitrary and is suitable to imitate any plant type, including mosses and the like. It is a very individual and varied design by cutting out certain surface shapes and surface sizes from the thread composite Landscape type possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Gyroscopes (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
  • Protection Of Plants (AREA)
  • Supports For Plants (AREA)
EP87115452A 1986-11-28 1987-10-21 Künstliches Pflanzenwerk oder Pflanze bzw. Teile hiervon Expired - Lifetime EP0270792B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87115452T ATE91852T1 (de) 1986-11-28 1987-10-21 Kuenstliches pflanzenwerk oder pflanze bzw. teile hiervon.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3640654 1986-11-28
DE19863640654 DE3640654A1 (de) 1986-11-28 1986-11-28 Kuenstliches pflanzwerk oder pflanze bzw. teile hiervon

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0270792A2 EP0270792A2 (de) 1988-06-15
EP0270792A3 EP0270792A3 (en) 1989-11-08
EP0270792B1 true EP0270792B1 (de) 1993-07-28

Family

ID=6314979

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87115452A Expired - Lifetime EP0270792B1 (de) 1986-11-28 1987-10-21 Künstliches Pflanzenwerk oder Pflanze bzw. Teile hiervon

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4859510A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
EP (1) EP0270792B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
AT (1) ATE91852T1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (2) DE3640654A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19910992C2 (de) * 1999-03-12 2002-10-02 Siegfried Gerhard Pippirs Künstlicher Baum
US6613402B2 (en) 2001-09-05 2003-09-02 Osment Models, Inc. Method of constructing natural foliage model vegetation
US6726184B2 (en) * 2002-03-28 2004-04-27 Wen Ping Wang Fence made of foaming agent
DE20311770U1 (de) 2003-07-29 2003-10-09 Rademacher, Albert, 81243 München Künstliche Bepflanzung für Modelllandschaften zur Nachbildung kleinteilig bewachsener Flächen
US7592041B2 (en) * 2005-10-06 2009-09-22 Osment Models, Inc. Simulated turf and method of making same
DE212007000109U1 (de) * 2007-07-31 2010-09-02 Rademacher, Albert Agrarstreifennachbildung für den Modellbau
DE102010036032A1 (de) 2010-08-31 2012-03-01 Aaron Seeland Vorrichtung zur Simulierung einer finanziellen Situation
DE102010048700B3 (de) * 2010-10-19 2012-02-02 Charlie-Kao Industry Co., Ltd. Spielzeugsatz für das Pflanzen von Bäumen
CN102309857B (zh) * 2011-07-04 2013-05-01 宁波大学 一种纸树的制作方法
FR3055059B1 (fr) * 2016-08-12 2018-08-03 Olivier Hutteau Systeme de realisation vegetales
US10721926B2 (en) 2017-01-10 2020-07-28 Windage, Llc Scrape vines
CN113316516A (zh) 2018-11-14 2021-08-27 格拉德产品公司 具有三维图案的膜和袋
CN111002752A (zh) * 2019-12-28 2020-04-14 陈柬冰 一种冰塑景观制备方法

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE176342C (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) *
US1511588A (en) * 1922-10-23 1924-10-14 Warren F Bleecker Toy and ornament
US1949063A (en) * 1930-08-14 1934-02-27 Goodrich Co B F Artificial turf
US1992676A (en) * 1933-06-15 1935-02-26 Mantle Lamp Company Light-transmitting body
US2351142A (en) * 1941-11-26 1944-06-13 Mitchell Meldon Camouflaging method and device therefor
US2716828A (en) * 1954-02-23 1955-09-06 Jr Joseph I Adler Artificial foliage and method of making same
US2811906A (en) * 1955-02-21 1957-11-05 Clifford P Chappell Method of forming a floor or surface covering
DE1721719U (de) * 1956-02-02 1956-05-09 Fritz Klein I Sohn Fabrik Prae Rauhreifzweig.
US2977864A (en) * 1958-05-28 1961-04-04 Harold B Pullar Rubber composition
GB1031321A (en) * 1961-09-21 1966-06-02 Britains Ltd Model tree
US3560315A (en) * 1967-12-28 1971-02-02 Armstrong Cork Co Monolithic flooring
US3554848A (en) * 1969-06-09 1971-01-12 Mortimer R Dock Material for expanding and assembling components used in the creation of bas-relief art
US4202922A (en) * 1975-09-10 1980-05-13 Osment David L Simulated vegetation product
GB2067400B (en) * 1978-01-23 1983-02-02 Osment D L Method of making simulated vegetation
US4612219A (en) * 1985-09-26 1986-09-16 Tengs Anthony M Invisible Christmas tree

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3640654A1 (de) 1988-06-09
EP0270792A3 (en) 1989-11-08
DE3786755D1 (de) 1993-09-02
DE3640654C2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1992-09-24
US4859510A (en) 1989-08-22
ATE91852T1 (de) 1993-08-15
EP0270792A2 (de) 1988-06-15

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