EP0266567B1 - Verfahren zur Ueberwachung und Steuerung eines Antennenwählers sowie Antennenwähler zur Durchführung des Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Ueberwachung und Steuerung eines Antennenwählers sowie Antennenwähler zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0266567B1
EP0266567B1 EP87114482A EP87114482A EP0266567B1 EP 0266567 B1 EP0266567 B1 EP 0266567B1 EP 87114482 A EP87114482 A EP 87114482A EP 87114482 A EP87114482 A EP 87114482A EP 0266567 B1 EP0266567 B1 EP 0266567B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
matrix
row
column
breaker
lines
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87114482A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0266567A1 (de
Inventor
Hans Ulrich Boksberger
Markus Jud
Anton Wettstein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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Publication of EP0266567A1 publication Critical patent/EP0266567A1/de
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Publication of EP0266567B1 publication Critical patent/EP0266567B1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of high-performance radio transmitters.
  • the invention further relates to an antenna selector for performing the method, which has the features listed above.
  • each of the m transmitters must be able to be connected to each of the n antennas.
  • the group of switches required for this forms an (m x n) matrix with m rows and n columns, which as the antenna selector matrix e.g. from Brown Boveri Mitt. 5/6 (1983), pp. 244-247.
  • the elements of this matrix are formed by switching nodes, which usually contain two high-frequency circuit breakers, with which - depending on the switch position - the row and column lines crossing in the node are connected from the transmitter to the antenna via a corner, or - each line by itself - be switched through in a straight line.
  • Suitable circuit breakers (with corresponding microswitches for monitoring) are known, for example, from DE-OS 17 76 367.
  • a suitable antenna selector control must therefore not only record the positions of the individual circuit breakers and compare them with the specified target scheme, but also the selected one based on a table of the permitted frequencies and the frequency message from the transmitter concerned Enable or disable the connection between the transmitters and the antennas.
  • This test must also be carried out continuously while the transmission center is in operation, since it is possible to change the frequency of a transmitter without changing the antenna.
  • the circuit breakers are also usually equipped with manual operation for emergency operation. Based on these conditions, a control system must continuously record and check the switch position (positions) of the circuit breakers.
  • circuit breakers of the high-frequency distribution or antenna selector matrix are now simulated for monitoring by leading or trailing microswitches which represent a monitoring matrix corresponding to the high-frequency distribution matrix.
  • the switch positions of the microswitches were previously recorded individually in the monitoring matrix in the prior art. With two possible positions per switch and two switches per switch node, these are separate signals for the entire matrix in the case of a matrix with m rows and n columns (4 xmxn), each of which has its own signal lines from the location of the high-frequency distribution matrix to the command room or Control center must be transferred.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for monitoring and controlling an antenna selector and an antenna selector for carrying out the method, with which the circuitry outlay can be drastically reduced.
  • the transmission center comprises a plurality of m transmitters S1, ..., Sm and a plurality of n antennas A1, ..., An.
  • the transmitters S1, ..., Sm are the rows, and the antennas A1, ..., An assigned to the columns of a high-frequency distribution matrix HVM, which has the task of enabling any connection between one of the transmitters S1, ..., Sm and one of the antennas A1, ..., An.
  • the high-frequency distribution matrix HVM has a total of (m ⁇ n) switchover nodes U11,..., Umn, which are arranged at the crossing points (nodes) of the row and column lines and either over the respective row and column lines Can connect corners or switch the lines individually in a straight line.
  • Any switching node Uxy has the basic internal structure shown in FIG. 2.
  • a circuit breaker 1 or 2 is inserted into the horizontal row line and the vertical column line, which is designed as a changeover switch in the examples given.
  • the straight line passage of the row and column line is interrupted.
  • the two lines are connected at the same time via a corner, so that the signals from the transmitter Sx connected to the row line reach the antenna Ay connected to the column line.
  • circuit breakers 1 and 2 are in their other switch position, shown in broken lines in FIG. 2, the row or column line is connected in a straight line to the next node in each case.
  • the terminating resistors R assigned to the column and row lines have the task of working in the unused, i.e. to derive the antennas and cables of the matrix that are not connected to a transmitter and to induce voltages against earth.
  • the actual switching state i.e. the switch positions of the circuit breakers 1, 2 in the switchover nodes U11, ..., Umn are constantly monitored in order to avoid malfunctions and malfunctions in the transmission mode. It is known to assign corresponding microswitches to the circuit breakers 1, 2, which are switched either before or afterwards together with the circuit breakers belonging to them and thus simulate the circuit breakers for monitoring purposes in the small signal range.
  • these microswitches - in the same way as the circuit breakers themselves - are arranged in a monitoring matrix UM (FIG. 3), which is similar to the high-frequency distribution matrix HVM and also in m rows and n columns (m ⁇ n) switch node U 11, ..., U has mn.
  • UM monitoring matrix
  • Each of the switch nodes U 11, ..., U mn has the same internal structure as the switching node Uxy shown in FIG. 2 of the high-frequency distribution matrix HVM, with the difference that instead of the power switches 1, 2 there, the associated microswitches are now seated.
  • the m rows and n columns of the monitoring matrix UM are correspondingly assigned m row lines Z1, ..., Zm and n column lines C1, ..., Cn.
  • the switching nodes UM are explained in the monitoring matrix UM explained here U 11, ..., U mn selected sequentially by activating the associated rows and columns and queried regarding their switching status. That way directly determine whether a particular transmitter is connected to a particular antenna or not.
  • the principle of sequential line control is indicated in FIG. 3 by the line selector 20 shown there, which successively switches a control signal to the line lines Z1,..., Zm.
  • the entire process control for monitoring can e.g. in the context of an electronic programmable logic controller (PLC).
  • PLC electronic programmable logic controller
  • the microswitches are thus connected to one another in the monitoring matrix UM in such a way that they faithfully reproduce the path of the high-frequency signal in the high-frequency distribution matrix HVM.
  • the row lines Z1, ..., Zm and the column lines C1, ..., Cn alone, however, it is not possible to detect those switching states of the high-frequency distribution matrix HVM or the monitoring matrix UM in which a row or a column in a straight line is complete is switched through, ie in which a transmitter S1, ..., Sm or an antenna A1, ..., An is grounded via one of the terminating resistors R.
  • it is precisely this information that is important in order to know whether the switches in the respective switchover nodes have been correctly reset when a connection between the transmitter and antenna is broken.
  • a column end line CE is provided as an additional row line and a row end line ZE is provided as an additional column line and is linked to the monitoring matrix UM in the manner shown in FIG. 3, the terminating resistors R from FIG conductive connections are simulated.
  • the column end line CE is included in the sequential (cyclic) row control, while the row end line ZE is arranged in the row of the other column lines C1, ..., Cn.
  • the function of the circuit according to FIG. 3 can be described as follows:
  • the (m + 1) row lines Z1, ..., Zm and CE receive the signal voltage used on the system alternately (e.g. + 24V), while the (n + 1) Column lines C1, ..., Cn and ZE are queried.
  • the cyclical feeding of the row lines (multiplex operation) ensures that the assignment of the transmitters to the antennas can be clearly recorded.
  • the query via the end of line ZE allows in particular to determine that a certain transmitter is "connected" to the outer end of the line, i.e. whether the changeover node connected at the corner was correctly reset when changing the antenna.
  • the column end line CE allows to determine which antennas are grounded via the terminating resistors R.
  • the principle described does not change significantly if, instead of the row lines Z1, ..., Zm and CE, the column lines C1, ..., Cn and ZE are cyclically alternately fed with the signal voltage and the row lines Z1, ..., Zm and CE are queried instead of the column lines C1, ..., Cn and ZE.
  • the principle described and implemented in the invention makes it possible to obtain the information relevant to the operation of the transmission center with a sampling rate given by the number of transmitters and the processing speed of the programmable logic controller used (generally approximately 100 Hz). Although the positions of all switches are not recorded during operation, the required safety is fully guaranteed, since at least all of them absolutely necessary position reports are delivered with a sufficient sampling rate.
  • control described fully supports an automatic self-test of the high-frequency distribution matrix, which is useful, for example, as an aid for commissioning and after major revisions.
  • the correct wiring of the control and feedback lines and the function of the switch motors driving the circuit breakers can be checked automatically with the available information.
  • the motor contactors M11, ..., Mmn or their holder relays H11, ..., Hmn necessary for the switch motors are arranged in a matrix in the wiring according to columns and rows summarized in such a way that all motor contactors in a row have a common signal return line (connected in Fig. 4 via appropriate switches and OV potential), and all motor contactors in a column are connected to a common supply line via a diode D (in Fig. 4 via corresponding switches) connected to 24 V potential).
  • the corresponding motor contactors are sequentially selected by selecting the associated rows and columns (by closing the associated switches) in the construction according to FIG. 4 ) controlled.
  • the switch motor 12 is e.g. a 220 V single-phase motor with two different windings for the two different directions of rotation. Each direction of rotation is assigned a corresponding limit switch 10, 11 which interrupts the power supply to the motor on one side when the end position associated with the switching of the circuit breakers 1, 2 has been reached.
  • a corresponding circuit variant with 380 V three-phase motors is shown in sections in FIG. 6, the same elements being provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the two directions of rotation of the switch motor 12 are referred to below as the switching direction and the corner direction, the switching direction being given with reference to FIG. 2 when the circuit breakers 1, 2 are switched from the position indicated there to the dashed position, if the row and column are "switched through" in a straight line.
  • the corner direction includes the limit switch 11 and the corner supply 5. Both supplies branch off from a common 220 V supply line 3 and are each connected via a switch relay 8 or corner relay 9 switched on, which are controlled with 24 V signals via lines 6 or 7 for the direction command "through” or "corner".
  • the other supply line 18 of the switch motor 12 is switched individually for each switch motor by a motor contactor contact 13c of the associated motor contactor Mxy.
  • Two further motor contactor contacts 13a and 13b are part of the self-holding device already mentioned, the motor contactor contact 13a connecting the motor contactor winding via a holding voltage terminal 19 common to all contactors and two diodes D1, D2, with lines 6 and 7 for the direction command "through” and “Eck” connects while the other motor contactor contact 13b switches the connection of the motor contactor winding to a common ground line 14.
  • the motor contactor Mxy is simultaneously connected to a column controller 15 (24 V) and a row controller 16 (0 V) via two further diodes D3, D4, as is shown for the entire matrix in FIG. 4.
  • the circuit parts arranged within the two vertical, dash-dotted lines are accommodated in a control cabinet 17, from which the high-frequency distribution matrix HVM is controlled.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP87114482A 1986-10-22 1987-10-05 Verfahren zur Ueberwachung und Steuerung eines Antennenwählers sowie Antennenwähler zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0266567B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4213/86A CH675036A5 (pl) 1986-10-22 1986-10-22
CH4213/86 1986-10-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0266567A1 EP0266567A1 (de) 1988-05-11
EP0266567B1 true EP0266567B1 (de) 1992-01-22

Family

ID=4271904

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87114482A Expired - Lifetime EP0266567B1 (de) 1986-10-22 1987-10-05 Verfahren zur Ueberwachung und Steuerung eines Antennenwählers sowie Antennenwähler zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4811032A (pl)
EP (1) EP0266567B1 (pl)
JP (1) JPS63115402A (pl)
CH (1) CH675036A5 (pl)
DE (1) DE3776268D1 (pl)
IN (1) IN170151B (pl)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH675927A5 (pl) * 1988-01-26 1990-11-15 Asea Brown Boveri
GB8819501D0 (en) * 1988-08-17 1988-09-21 British Aerospace Spacecraft payload
US5021801A (en) * 1989-09-05 1991-06-04 Motorola, Inc. Antenna switching system
US5146230A (en) * 1991-02-11 1992-09-08 Itt Corporation Electromagnetic beam system with switchable active transmit/receive modules
GB2356096B (en) * 1991-03-12 2001-08-15 Siemens Plessey Electronic Method of operating a radar antenna system
CZ288707B6 (cs) 1996-07-25 2001-08-15 Skygate International Technology N. V. Ústrojí fázového řízení
US6175723B1 (en) 1998-08-12 2001-01-16 Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University Self-structuring antenna system with a switchable antenna array and an optimizing controller
US6140976A (en) * 1999-09-07 2000-10-31 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for mitigating array antenna performance degradation caused by element failure
JP4337457B2 (ja) * 2003-07-30 2009-09-30 日本電気株式会社 アンテナ装置及びそれを用いた無線通信装置
US8380132B2 (en) * 2005-09-14 2013-02-19 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Self-structuring antenna with addressable switch controller
WO2018152439A1 (en) * 2017-02-17 2018-08-23 Space Exploration Technologies Corp. Distributed phase shifter array system and method

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2127336A (en) * 1934-05-03 1938-08-16 Telefunken Gmbh Change-over or switch device for radio frequency feed leads
US3009118A (en) * 1959-04-14 1961-11-14 Continental Electronics Mfg Radio frequency transmission line switching system
US3141067A (en) * 1960-11-17 1964-07-14 Lester M Spandorfer Automatic electronic communication switching exchange
AU422240B2 (en) * 1968-11-21 1972-03-08 Standard Telephones & Cables Pty. Ltd Improvements in aerial exchanges
US3840875A (en) * 1973-08-23 1974-10-08 J Neal Radiant energy matrix and system
US3935394A (en) * 1974-10-04 1976-01-27 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Network routing and control arrangement
US4070637A (en) * 1976-03-25 1978-01-24 Communications Satellite Corporation Redundant microwave configuration

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4811032A (en) 1989-03-07
EP0266567A1 (de) 1988-05-11
DE3776268D1 (de) 1992-03-05
IN170151B (pl) 1992-02-15
JPS63115402A (ja) 1988-05-20
CH675036A5 (pl) 1990-08-15

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