EP0264145B1 - Flaches Seil zur Verstärkung von Luftreifen - Google Patents
Flaches Seil zur Verstärkung von Luftreifen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0264145B1 EP0264145B1 EP87201615A EP87201615A EP0264145B1 EP 0264145 B1 EP0264145 B1 EP 0264145B1 EP 87201615 A EP87201615 A EP 87201615A EP 87201615 A EP87201615 A EP 87201615A EP 0264145 B1 EP0264145 B1 EP 0264145B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- core
- layer
- steel
- cord
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
- D07B1/062—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
- D07B2201/2002—Wires or filaments characterised by their cross-sectional shape
- D07B2201/2003—Wires or filaments characterised by their cross-sectional shape flat
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2016—Strands characterised by their cross-sectional shape
- D07B2201/2018—Strands characterised by their cross-sectional shape oval
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2023—Strands with core
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2047—Cores
- D07B2201/2048—Cores characterised by their cross-sectional shape
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2047—Cores
- D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
- D07B2201/2059—Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2095—Auxiliary components, e.g. electric conductors or light guides
- D07B2201/2097—Binding wires
- D07B2201/2098—Binding wires characterized by special properties or the arrangements of the binding wire
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2207/00—Rope or cable making machines
- D07B2207/20—Type of machine
- D07B2207/209—Tubular strander
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2207/00—Rope or cable making machines
- D07B2207/40—Machine components
- D07B2207/4072—Means for mechanically reducing serpentining or mechanically killing of rope
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2501/00—Application field
- D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
- D07B2501/2046—Tire cords
Definitions
- This invention relates to cords adapted for the reinforcement of pneumatic tires and more particularly to cords for use as reinforcing elements for the carcass and the belt structure of pneumatic radial tires, especially pneumatic radial truck tires.
- Pneumatic vehicle tires are generally reinforced with steel cords having substantially round cross-sections.
- a plurality of single filaments or strands are twisted together to form such a cord.
- substantially round cross-sections is meant cross-sections where the enveloping curve is approximatively a circle.
- Flat wires for the reinforcement of pneumatic tires have an improved lateral stiffness, require a thinner rubber ply, have a better compression performance and a greater elongation at break than cords having substantially round cross-sections ; however the latter have a better tensile strength and better fatigue performance than flat wires.
- the invention provides a cord, with an elongated cross-section, adapted for the reinforcement of plies in a pneumatic tire, comprising a layer of steel filaments that are wound around a core, the core having a tensile strength of at least 1800 N/mm2 and an elongation at rupture of at least 2 per cent, characterized in that the core is an untwisted monofilament which has an elongated cross-section, preferably a substantially rectangular cross-section, and a breadth-to-thickness ratio of at least 2.
- an elongated cross-section is meant a cross-section of the cord that is not round and where the longest axis is at least 1.5 times the length of the shortest axis.
- plies in a pneumatic tire is meant the carcass and the belt reinforcement structure.
- a layer of steel filaments around a core is meant a plurality of filaments disposed side by side so as to form around said core a sheath of a thickness equal to the diameter of a filament.
- a substantially rectangular cross-section is meant a cross-section with two rectilinear parallel long sides. The extremities of these long sides are connected to each other by two short sides, which are not necessarily rectilinear. Rectangular cross-sections with rounded edges are also substantially rectangular cross-sections.
- the longest cross-sectional dimension (for a rectilinear cross-section), the maximum distance between the two short sides, measured along a line parallel to the long sides, is called the breadth
- the minimum cross-sectional dimension (for a rectilinear cross-section the distance between the two long sides) is called the thickness.
- the breadth-to-thickness ratio of the monofilament core is greater than 2, and, by preference, lies between 4 and 10.
- a minimum breadth-to-thickness ratio is necessary to keep the cord in place during its manufacturing process.
- the maximum ratio 10 is determined by stability considerations.
- the monofilament core has an elongation at rupture of at least 2 per cent, and, by preference, lies between 2.5 and 3.3 per cent. A core with an elongation at rupture of less than 2 per cent is too crisp.
- the monofilament core has a tensile strength of at least 1800 N/mm2 in order to give the whole cord a sufficient strength.
- the monofilament core can be preferably made of steel.
- a cord adapted for the reinforcement in a pneumatic tire means that the steel filaments of the layer conveniently have a carbon content between 0.70 and 0.90 per cent by weight, a tensile strength between 2700 N/mm2 and 3500 N/mm2 or even more, by preference between 2900 and 3400 N/mm2, and a coating that favours the adhesion to rubber, for example brass.
- Said steel filaments can have by preference a round cross-section with a diameter suitably between 0.12 and 0.40 mm, by preference between 0.175 and 0.300 mm, but they can also have a substantially rectangular cross-section with a breadth-to-thickness ratio between 1.3 and 4. If said steel filaments have a substantially rectangular cross-section, then the long sides of the cross-section of the steel filaments will lie parallel to the nearest touching line of the cross-section of the core.
- the pitch of the steel filaments is expressed as p, the axial distance required to make a 360 degree revolution of a steel filament of the layer. If the steel filaments are wound in the S-direction p is positive, if the steel filaments are wound in the Z-direction p is negative.
- the layer of steel filaments may be surrounded by a second layer of steel filaments.
- the pitch of the steel filaments in the second layer may be the same as, or different from, the pitch of the first layer.
- a steel filament can be wrapped helicoidally around the layer (or outer layer where there is more than one layer) of steel filaments with a pitch q different from the pitch of the steel filaments in the layer (or outer layer).
- the wrapped helicoid filament is not necessarily a round steel filament with a high carbon content, but can also be a filament with a carbon content of e.g. less than 0.20 per cent by weight, or a filament with a flat or oval shape.
- the invention provides a "hybrid" structure : elements having different cross-sections are combined.
- the core has an elongated and substantially rectangular cross-section.
- the steel filaments have a round cross-section or a substantially rectangular cross-section with a breadth-to-thickness ratio which is smaller than the breadth-to-thickness ratio of the core.
- the fatigue resistance of the steel filaments is greater than that of the core ; however, in a cord adapted for the reinforcement of a pneumatic tire the core requires less fatigue resistance than the layers. Thus the fatigue performance of the entire cord is not weakened by the comparatively small fatigue resistance of the core.
- the steel filaments in the layer or in the layers around the core have, by preference, line contacts with the adjoining filaments. This has the advantage that loads are spread over all the filaments.
- the distance from the steel filaments in the layer or in the layers to the central long axis of the structure is small in comparison with the distance from the steel filaments to the center in steel cords having a substantially round cross-section and having the same cross-section surface as the cord of the invention. This results in smaller tensile and compressive tensions in the filaments of the layer of the cord according to the invention.
- the proposed structure is also flexible to deformations perpendicular to the plane of the core. This means that the stiffness in the plane perpendicular to the plane of the core is small. Due to the elongated and preferably substantially rectangular cross-section of the core, the stiffness in the plane of the core, however, is great. Consequently the cord according to the invention has a stiffness which is advantageous for its use in pneumatic radial tires.
- the cords according to the invention may be used in the carcass or in the belt structure of pneumatic radial tires, and are particularly useful for use in truck tires. In both applications the long side of the cross-section of the cord is parallel to the surface of the tire.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-section of a cord according to the invention.
- the monofilament core (1) is made of steel. It has a breadth X of 1 mm and a thickness Y of 0.25 mm.
- the breadth-to-thickness ratio X/Y is 4. Twelve steel filaments (2) with a diameter of 0.25 mm are wound with pitch p of 18 mm in the S-direction around the monofilament core (1).
- a steel filament (3) with an original diameter of 0.15 mm is wrapped around the layer of steel filaments (2) in the Z-direction with a pitch q of -3.5 mm.
- [1.25x0.25] + 14x0.25 + 1x0.15 ; /18 S / 3.5 Z.
- the last example has particularly good rubber penetration.
- Figure 4 illustrates apparatus for manufacturing a cord according to the invention.
- the steel filaments (2) are wound around the monofilament core (1) by a tubular stranding machine (4) at the forming die (5).
- a steel filament (3) is wrapped around the cord at (6).
- the cord then passes through a pair of grooved rollers (7), and, eventually, through a straightener (8), before it is wound up on a drum (9).
- the monofilament core (1) of the cord is supplied by a spool (41) with a horizontal axle.
- the steel filaments (2) of the layer have a round cross-section or, at least, have a breadth-to-thickness ratio that is lower than the breadth-to-thickness ration of the monofilament core. Consequently the steel filaments (2) need not be delivered from spools with horizontal axles.
- the delivering spools (42) of the steel filaments (2) may have vertical axles.
- the forming die (5) must have a profile that is adapted to the profile of the cross-section of the steel cord to be formed.
- Figure 5 illustrates the cross-section of the forming die (5).
- the grooves of the rollers (7) and of the rollers (81) of the straightener (8) also have an adapted profile as illustrated in Figure 6.
- the cord according to the invention is pressed together in the rollers (7). If the cord is provided with a filament (3) made of low carbon steel, the rollers (7) subject the filament (3) to plastic deformation, as can be seen on Figures 1 and 2.
- a straightener (8) can be used to diminish the torsion of the steel cord. Such a straightener is disclosed in GB patent 2.092.629.
- the tensile strength is the breaking load of a filament per unit of unstrained cross-sectional area expressed in Newtons per square millimetre.
- the elongation at rupture is the increase in length, which results from subjecting the cord to the breaking force in a tensile test and is expressed as a percentage of the initial length of the cord measured under a defined pre-tension.
- the cord is embedded in the center of a rubber cylinder with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 48.25 mm and submitted to an axial compression force.
- a force versus deformation diagram is recorded.
- the compression modulus is defined as the secant modulus at a specified axial stress and can be derived from the diagram.
- a transverse impact test method for (steel) cord was developed to determine the resistance to cutting with a view to their use as tire belt reinforcement (puncture resistance).
- the test consists in a modified "charpy test" adapted with a sharp knife.
- the sample is a rubber cylinder with a 3 mm diameter, reinforced in the center with a steel cord.
- the total amount of absorbed energy is measured and is expressed in energy per unit cross-sectional area (Joule/mm2).
- the tensile strength of the cord according to the invention is lower than the tensile strength of existing steel cords 1 - 4 with substantially round cross-sections but greater than the tensile strength of flat wires with substantially rectangular cross-section, the tensile strength of flat steel wires lying usually between 1800 N/mm2 and 2400 N/mm2.
- the elongation at rupture of the cord according to the invention is equal or greater than the elongation at rupture of steel cords 1 to 4.
- the cord according to the invention has better compression performance than the steel cords 1 to 4, as can be seen from the higher compression modulus and compression stress.
- the cord according to the invention is comparable with the existing steel cords 1-4 regarding impact properties, in spite of a lower tensile strength.
Landscapes
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Tyre Moulding (AREA)
- Supports For Plants (AREA)
Claims (10)
- Drahtstrang mit länglichem Querschnitt für die Verstärkung von Schichten in pneumatischen Reifen, mit einer Lage von Stahldrähten, die um einen Kern gewickelt sind, der eine Zugkraft von mindestens 1800 N/mm² und eine Reißdehnung von zumindest 2 Prozent hat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kern ein unverdrillter Einzeldraht ist, der einen länglichen Querschnitt hat und ein Breite-zu-Dicke Verhältnis von mindestens 2 hat.
- Drahtstrang nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kern einen im wesentlichen rechteckförmigen Querschnitt hat.
- Drahtstrang nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch eine Reißdehnung zwischen 2,5 und 3,3 Prozent.
- Drahtstrang nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis Breite-zu-Dicke zwischen 4 und 10 beträgt.
- Drahtstrang nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Einzeldraht-Kern aus Staht hergestellt ist.
- Drahtstrang nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stahtdrähte in der Lage um den Kern einen runden Querschnitt haben.
- Drahtstrang nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stahldrähte in der Lage um den Kern einen im wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt haben, mit einem Breite-zu-Dicke Verhältnis zwischen 1,3 und 4.
- Drahtstrang nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lage von Stahldrähten von einer zweiten Lage von Stahldrähten umgeben ist.
- Drahtstrang nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß ein Stahldraht schraubenförmig um die Lage (oder um die äußere Lage, falls es mehr als eine Lage gibt) von Stahldrähten gewickelt ist, mit einer Steigung, die verschieden von der Steigung der Stahldrähte der Lage (oder der äußeren Lage) ist.
- Drahtstrang nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der schraubenförmig um die Lage (oder äußere Lage) gewickelte Stahldraht einen Kohlenstoffgehalt von weniger als 0,20 Gewichtsprozent hat.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT87201615T ATE70578T1 (de) | 1986-10-13 | 1987-08-27 | Flaches seil zur verstaerkung von luftreifen. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8624529 | 1986-10-13 | ||
GB868624529A GB8624529D0 (en) | 1986-10-13 | 1986-10-13 | Flat cord for tyres |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0264145A1 EP0264145A1 (de) | 1988-04-20 |
EP0264145B1 true EP0264145B1 (de) | 1991-12-18 |
Family
ID=10605675
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87201615A Expired EP0264145B1 (de) | 1986-10-13 | 1987-08-27 | Flaches Seil zur Verstärkung von Luftreifen |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0264145B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPS63135584A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE70578T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU586934B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR8705416A (de) |
DE (1) | DE3775330D1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB8624529D0 (de) |
TR (1) | TR23356A (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8720175B2 (en) | 2009-01-28 | 2014-05-13 | Nv Bekaert Sa | Crimped flat wire as core of oval cord |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999015727A1 (fr) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-04-01 | Bridgestone Corporation | Enu a l'aide desdits cables |
JP3411887B2 (ja) * | 1999-06-03 | 2003-06-03 | ホンドォクスチルコドゥ株式会社 | ゴム製品補強用スチールコード |
EP1063346B1 (de) * | 1999-06-23 | 2006-05-03 | Bridgestone Corporation | Stahlseile zur Verstärkung von Gummiartikeln, insbesondere Luftreifen |
US8407977B2 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2013-04-02 | Nv Bekaert Sa | Oval steel cord with oval wires |
CN103597138B (zh) * | 2011-06-10 | 2016-02-03 | 贝卡尔特公司 | 包括扁平钢丝的钢丝帘线 |
WO2021008853A1 (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2021-01-21 | Nv Bekaert Sa | A steel cord for rubber reinforcement |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1774748A (en) * | 1928-07-05 | 1930-09-02 | Gore Thomas | Reenforcing element for the beads of automobile shoes |
DE2648914C2 (de) * | 1976-10-28 | 1983-12-01 | Hahn GmbH & Co, 5992 Nachrodt | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kabelwulstkernes |
JPS5654090Y2 (de) * | 1976-11-12 | 1981-12-17 | ||
DE2941541A1 (de) * | 1979-10-13 | 1981-04-23 | Continental Gummi-Werke Ag, 3000 Hannover | Drahtseil als verstaerkungselement fuer gummi- oder kunststoffartikel |
JPS5686802A (en) * | 1979-12-18 | 1981-07-15 | Bridgestone Corp | Pneumatic radial tire |
DE3317744C2 (de) * | 1983-05-16 | 1985-08-22 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Verstärkungscord mit Umschlingungsdraht |
DE3317712C2 (de) * | 1983-05-16 | 1986-10-30 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Verstärkungscord zur Verstärkung von elastomeren Erzeugnissen |
-
1986
- 1986-10-13 GB GB868624529A patent/GB8624529D0/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-08-27 AT AT87201615T patent/ATE70578T1/de active
- 1987-08-27 DE DE8787201615T patent/DE3775330D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-08-27 EP EP87201615A patent/EP0264145B1/de not_active Expired
- 1987-10-02 AU AU79303/87A patent/AU586934B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-10-08 JP JP62252618A patent/JPS63135584A/ja active Pending
- 1987-10-09 TR TR717/87A patent/TR23356A/xx unknown
- 1987-10-09 BR BR8705416A patent/BR8705416A/pt unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8720175B2 (en) | 2009-01-28 | 2014-05-13 | Nv Bekaert Sa | Crimped flat wire as core of oval cord |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3775330D1 (de) | 1992-01-30 |
AU7930387A (en) | 1988-04-14 |
TR23356A (tr) | 1989-12-19 |
GB8624529D0 (en) | 1986-11-19 |
AU586934B2 (en) | 1989-07-27 |
BR8705416A (pt) | 1988-05-24 |
ATE70578T1 (de) | 1992-01-15 |
EP0264145A1 (de) | 1988-04-20 |
JPS63135584A (ja) | 1988-06-07 |
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